Tropical life sciences research最新文献

{"title":"Biological and Chemical Co-surfactant for Fabrication of Antibacterial Silver Nanoparticles and Potential Application in Agriculture.","authors":"Nguyen Nhat Nam","doi":"10.21315/tlsr2025.36.3.6","DOIUrl":"10.21315/tlsr2025.36.3.6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been widely applied as antimicrobial materials. In this work, a new fabrication method of AgNPs has been proposed through a combination of tea seed saponin extraction as a non-ionic biological surfactant and cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC) as a co-surfactant. The morphology and optical properties of as-prepared AgNPs were analysed by SEM and UV-vis absorbance measurement, respectively. The results indicate that AgNPs obtained high homogeneous particle sizes with a mean diameter of 44.5 ± 3.8 nm. The optical property of AgNPs was exhibited through a UV-vis absorbance spectrum of ~420 nm. In addition, the antibacterial behaviour of <i>E. coli</i> (ATCC 25922) was increased according to the AgNPs concentration. The diameter of inhibition zones was 12 mm, 14 mm and 16 mm under AgNPs concentrations of 0.8 ppm, 8 ppm and 80 ppm, respectively. Our initial trial treatment of AgNPs in young broccoli (<i>Brassica oleracea</i>) exhibited promising potential for plant protection in agricultural applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":23477,"journal":{"name":"Tropical life sciences research","volume":"36 3","pages":"121-133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12677970/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145701868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Habits of Insectivorous Bats (Family Hipposideridae) in The Rice Field.","authors":"Nur Sakinah Humairah Zanarudin, Nurul Ain Elias, Suhaila Ab Hamid","doi":"10.21315/tlsr2025.36.3.13","DOIUrl":"10.21315/tlsr2025.36.3.13","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study establishes a foundational understanding of the dietary preferences of two insectivorous bats (Family Hipposideridae), <i>Hipposideros larvatus</i> and <i>Hipposideros cineraceus</i> caught in the rice field areas. The investigation focused on the analysis of their fecal pellets collected in areas near Gunung Keriang, Kota Setar, Kedah. A total of 40 pellets from eight individuals were meticulously examined. These eight bats were categorised into two distinct groups based on sex and reproductive stages (lactating and non-reproductive) from the two bat species. The dietary composition of <i>H. larvatus</i> comprised 55.2% Coleoptera, 23.2% Lepidoptera, 10.1% Hemiptera, 9.2% Diptera and 2.1% Hymenoptera. The diet of the bat species was significantly dominated by Coleoptera, accounting for over half of the overall dietary percentage. On the contrary, <i>H. cineraceus</i>, exhibited a different diet composition, with 68.0% Lepidoptera, 18.5% Coleoptera, 7.0% Diptera, 5.1% Hemiptera and 0.6% Hymenoptera. These variations in dietary preferences can be attributed to factors such as their differing abilities to digest chitin found on the elytra (forewing) of beetles, variations in size between the two species, distinct echolocation frequencies and differing reproductive states. Both <i>H. larvatus</i> and <i>H. cineraceus</i> have the potential to serve as effective pest controllers in rice fields by reducing insect pest populations, especially from the order Lepidoptera (rice stem borer) and Hemiptera (leafhoppers). Further research should be conducted in different locations to gain a more comprehensive understanding of these bat species' diets and whether they exhibit exclusive or generalised feeding patterns.</p>","PeriodicalId":23477,"journal":{"name":"Tropical life sciences research","volume":"36 3","pages":"261-276"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12677962/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145701902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterisation and Phylogenetic Analysis of the Complete Plastid Genome of <i>Physalis minima</i> L. from Malaysia.","authors":"Wei Lun Ng, Rebecca Jiayiin Ng, Douglas Law, Qiuying Ren, Charles Gnanaraj, Yoong Soon Yong, Shiou Yih Lee","doi":"10.21315/tlsr2025.36.3.14","DOIUrl":"10.21315/tlsr2025.36.3.14","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Physalis minima</i> L. is an herbaceous plant with ethnobotanic importance across many Asian cultures. In this study, we sequenced and assembled the plastid genome (plastome) of a P. minima sample from Malaysia, and conducted intraspecific pairwise and phylogenetic analyses with available data of its relatives. Our sample had a plastome of 156,973 bp in size with a GC content of 37.5%. The genome was circular, consisting of a large single-copy of 87,196 bp, a small single-copy of 18,447 bp and a pair of inverted repeats of 25,665 bp each. A total of 129 genes were annotated, including 84 CDSs, 37 tRNAs and eight rRNAs. Between the China and Malaysia accession, 458 variable sites were identified, and the pairwise distance was 0.003. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted using the complete plastome sequence based on the maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference methods. The findings revealed that our sample was significantly differentiated from the accession from China, and that both <i>P. minima</i> accessions clustered away from <i>P. angulata</i>, the synonym suggested by certain taxonomic authorities. This study facilitates precise taxonomic identification of P. minima within ethnomedicinal frameworks, enabling its distinction from closely related or putatively synonymous species that may exhibit divergent phytochemical compositions. These results provide important insights into the genetic diversity and taxonomic status of P. minima, and support its informed use in future research, conservation, and medicinal applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":23477,"journal":{"name":"Tropical life sciences research","volume":"36 3","pages":"273-287"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12677964/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145701906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of Integrated Periphyton Technology in Mixed Sex Culture of Giant Freshwater Prawn, <i>Macrobrachium Rosenbergii</i>: Insights into Impact of Heterogenous Independent Differentiation and Gender on Growth Dynamics in Grow Out.","authors":"David Marioni, Nor Azman Kasan, Liew Hon Jung, Victor Torres Rosas, Ponnumony Vethamony, Jassim Abdulla Al-Khayat, Mhd Ikhwanuddin","doi":"10.21315/tlsr2025.36.3.3","DOIUrl":"10.21315/tlsr2025.36.3.3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated the performance of mixed sex postlarval (PL) populations of giant freshwater prawn, <i>Macrobrachium rosenbergii</i>, cultured under Integrated Periphyton Technology (IPT) and Recirculating Aquaculture System (RAS) conditions. The trials were conducted in triplicate over 44 days of nursery culture (T1), followed by 60 days of growth after size separation (T2 and T3). The carbon-to-nitrogen (C:N) ratios were optimised through molasses supplementation. The water quality parameters in both systems remained within acceptable ranges. Key performance indicators, including body weight, survival rate, average daily gain, specific growth rate, harvest biomass and feed conversion ratio (FCR), were analysed across T1 and T2. While nursery performance (T1) was not significantly different between the IPT and RAS systems, Morphological distinctions among male morphotypes (BC, OC and SM) and females were characterised, with sex-specific growth performance compared across T1 and T2, as were size-separated populations in T3. IPT demonstrated more effective production of Blue Claw (BC) prawns during the grow-out phase (T2). IPT, a zero-discharge system, matched or outperformed RAS, while eliminating the need for external effluent management, while equivalent FCR did not establish periphyton as a supplemental food source within the production volume. Although size separation yielded variable benefits, enhancement of overall productivity was inconclusive. This study highlights IPT as a sustainable alternative to conventional RAS, offering equivalent FCR, and lower energy consumption, and land resource requirement. Further investigations are warranted to optimise intensive IPT systems for economic feasibility and environmental sustainability, contributing to broader advancements in aquaculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":23477,"journal":{"name":"Tropical life sciences research","volume":"36 3","pages":"55-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12677975/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145701924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecological Modelling of Potential Habitats for Indian Mackerel (<i>Rastrelliger</i> spp.) in the Western of Banda Sea using an Artificial Neural Network Approach.","authors":"Alfira Yuniar, Mukti Zainuddin, Safruddin, Muzzneena Ahmad Mustapha, Rachmat Hidayat, Siti Khadijah Srioktoviana","doi":"10.21315/tlsr2025.36.3.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21315/tlsr2025.36.3.9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Indian mackerel (<i>Rastrelliger</i> spp.) is a species with high catch volumes, amounting to approximately 451.750 tonnes over five years. This substantial yield holds significant potential for local communities, making sustainable utilisation crucial. This study focuses on the fishing season of Indian mackerel (<i>Rastrelliger</i> spp.) and the development of a habitat suitability model in the waters of the western of Banda Sea, Indonesia. The Fishing Season Index (FSI) method identified November as the peak fishing season, with the highest CPUE recorded at 220 kg trip^-1. During this period, stable salinity levels were observed, which supported the reproductive processes of Indian mackerel. Additionally, high rainfall and strong winds facilitated local upwelling, influencing currents and bringing nutrients to the surface, which were consumed by mackerel larvae. The ANN (Artificial Neural Network) models used to estimate potential fishing zones for Indian mackerel demonstrated high accuracy, with an error rate of just 1.12%. The analysis revealed that salinity and currents were the most influential environmental parameters, contributing 16% and 14% to catch success during the peak fishing season with salinity levels at 34.2 psu and current velocity at 3.29 cm s^-1. The implementation of this model in analysing Indian mackerel habitats and their relationship with environmental factors supports data and technology-driven fisheries management. This study also introduces a novel integration of the Fishing Season Index (FSI) method and ANN modelling to simultaneously identify peak fishing seasons and predict potential fishing zones based on dynamic oceanographic parameters. The application of machine learning in this model enables the identification of non-linear relationships between environmental variables and fish distribution with high accuracy, representing a significant advancement in predictive habitat modelling for Indian mackerel in Indonesian waters. This approach contributes to sustainable fisheries resource management and aligns with the achievement of SDG 14 in Indonesia.</p>","PeriodicalId":23477,"journal":{"name":"Tropical life sciences research","volume":"36 3","pages":"177-196"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12677971/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145701866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>In vitro</i> shoot regeneration from crown and sucker explants of <i>Ananas comosus</i> cv. Josapine.","authors":"Dahmendra Sriskanda, Soo Ping Khor, Li Vern Tan, Sreeramanan Subramaniam, Nurulhikma Md Isa, Bee Lynn Chew","doi":"10.21315/tlsr2025.36.3.7","DOIUrl":"10.21315/tlsr2025.36.3.7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pineapple, <i>Ananas comosus</i> (L.) Merr., is a highly nutritious, major tropical Amazonian fruit valued for its health properties. Josapine, a successfully commercialised Malaysian hybrid, bears sweet fruits and has a shorter gestation period as compared to other cultivars. The current study aims to evaluate the in vitro regeneration and shoot multiplication potential of Ananas comosus cv. Josapine using different types of explant sources and different concentrations of cytokinins. Pineapple crown and suckers were surface sterilised and cultured in MS medium supplemented with 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) at different concentrations (0.0 mg/L, 1.0 mg/L, 2.0 mg/L and 3.0 mg/L) for six weeks to evaluate the shoot regeneration efficiency of both explants used. In vitro induced shoots from crown and sucker explants were also cultured in different concentrations of BAP and kinetin (0.0 mg/L, 0.5 mg/L, 1.0 mg/L, 1.5 mg/L, 2.0 mg/L, 2.5 mg/L and 3.0 mg/L) for the induction of multiple shoots and roots. Results from the current study revealed that the highest percentage of shoot induction obtained from crown explants was 88.00% in the treatment of 2.0 mg/L BAP (3.50 ± 0.67 shoots per explant), whereas the treatment of 3.0 mg/L BAP resulted in the highest percentage of shoot induction (82.00%) from sucker explants. As for the response of in vitro shoots, the treatment of 2.0 mg/L BAP resulted in the highest number of shoots (6.85 ± 0.61 shoots per explant), whereas the highest number of roots (6.09 ± 0.46 roots per explant) was observed in MS media supplemented with 1.5 mg/L kinetin after 16 weeks of culture. This study demonstrates methods for in vitro shoot multiplication suitable for the micropropagation and commercialisation of the Josapine cultivar. This facilitates the mass production of disease-free, high-quality planting materials, leading to improved fruit quality and enhanced export potential of this pineapple cultivar.</p>","PeriodicalId":23477,"journal":{"name":"Tropical life sciences research","volume":"36 3","pages":"135-155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12677965/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145701888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecotoxicological Assessment and Biodegradation Potential of Epoxidised Methyl Oleate (EMO) as a Bio-Based Plasticiser in Aquatic Environment.","authors":"Siti Afida Ishak, Asma Liyana Shaari, Noorazah Zolkarnain, Razmah Ghazali, Zulina Abd Maurad","doi":"10.21315/tlsr2025.36.3.12","DOIUrl":"10.21315/tlsr2025.36.3.12","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bio-based plasticisers have been developed as sustainable alternatives to phthalate-based plasticisers. However, limited information on their potential ecotoxicological effects on aquatic organisms could hinder their widespread adoption in the market. This study addresses this gap by providing ecotoxicological data on epoxidised methyl oleate (EMO), a potential bio-based plasticiser. This study evaluated the acute toxicity of EMO on five aquatic species (<i>Moina macrocopa, Daphnia magna, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Chlorella vulgaris</i> and <i>Macrobrachium lanchesteri</i>) to develop a species sensitivity distribution (SSD) curve for determining the predicted no-effect concentration (PNEC) of EMO for ecological risk assessment. Additionally, the biodegradation potential of EMO in aquatic environments was assessed using the OECD 301F Manometric Respiratory Test. These results indicate that EMO exhibits a concentration-dependent toxic effect on all tested species. The SSD curve, developed using a normal distribution and a Maximum Likelihood Estimation fit model, yielded 0.359 mg/L for hazardous concentration for 5% of species (HC05). This HC05 value suggests that EMO poses a minimal ecological risk, as it exceeded the water solubility limit (0.012 mg/L). Furthermore, EMO demonstrated favourable biodegradation potential under aerobic conditions. At a concentration of 30 mg/L, EMO achieved 60% biodegradation within four days of incubation, whereas at 100 mg/L, the same level of biodegradation was achieved by Day 11. These findings underscore the importance of assessing the environmental impact of bio-based plasticisers and highlight the EMO's potential as an eco-friendly alternative to less biodegradable, petroleum-based plasticisers.</p>","PeriodicalId":23477,"journal":{"name":"Tropical life sciences research","volume":"36 3","pages":"235-259"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12677973/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145701915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structure and Composition of Prey Communities Associated with Malaysian Mahseer, <i>Tor tambra</i> Diet Based on DNA Metabarcoding: Implication for Conservation.","authors":"Nur Farhana Mohd Yusoff, Shukor Md Nor, Shairah Abdul Razak","doi":"10.21315/tlsr2025.36.3.2","DOIUrl":"10.21315/tlsr2025.36.3.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Quantifying dietary composition is crucial for basic ecological research and to formulate conservation management. For predatory fishes, DNA-metabarcoding can yield more accurate estimates than conventional morphological-based analyses. In Southeast Asia, Malaysian mahseers are experiencing declines in the wild due to their commercial and aesthetic value. Current practice in artificial propagation for mahseer has yet to fulfil high market demand due to constraints in dietary formulations that affect fish fertility and optimal growth. Here we applied cytochrome oxidase I (COI) metabarcoding with one species of Malaysian mahseer, Tor tambra or 'kelah', to characterise their food assimilation and feeding habits from seven different locations of wild and farm origins. Prey DNA sequences were grouped into 54 taxonomic groups at the species level. The diet comprised four predominant classes: Insecta, Actinopterygii, Arachnida and Aconoidasida. Representative taxa from each class were detected in wild and farmed fish. However, less than a quarter of the total taxa overlapped between both fish origins. Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) indicated greater prey taxonomic diversity and composition in wild fish across different rivers compared to those in farmed fish (PERMANOVA, pseudo-F = 1.959, <i>p</i> < 0.05). Our findings suggest that prey availability from the surrounding play roles in determining the fish food composition and dietary overlap. Expanding dietary analyses could offer ways to optimise diet for cultured fish as one of strategies to reduce fishing pressure on wild populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":23477,"journal":{"name":"Tropical life sciences research","volume":"36 3","pages":"19-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12677969/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145702001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Skeletochronology, Body Growth and Effectiveness of Growth Marks to Estimate the Ages of Sumatran Water Monitor Lizards (<i>Varanus salvator macromaculatus</i>).","authors":"Hellen Kurniati, Ni Luh Putu Rischa Phadmacanty, Gono Semiadi, Wahyu Trilaksono, Fatahul Azwar","doi":"10.21315/tlsr2025.36.3.4","DOIUrl":"10.21315/tlsr2025.36.3.4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Demand for water monitor lizards (<i>Varanus salvator macromaculatus</i>) from Sumatra and Kalimantan for the leather industry is the highest compared to varanid species from Java (<i>V. s. bivittatus</i>) or Sulawesi (<i>V. s. ziegleri</i>). No conclusive evidence on the age estimate of the individuals being harvested. The skeletochronology method was used to estimate harvested Sumatran water monitors' age and body growth using fibular bones. The mid-diaphysis fibula bone cross-sections of 81 individuals (39 females and 42 males) showed that the line of arrested growth (LAG) was not always clearly visible. Periosteal bones in individuals with SVLs of 39.0 cm-70.0 cm showed double and multiple LAGs and only a few individuals had apparent LAG. As the SVL increases, the double and multiple LAGs are not seen in individuals with more than 70 cm SVL. The estimated ages of harvested individuals of female <i>V. s. macromaculatus</i> with SVLs ranging from 40.1 cm-71.0 cm were 2-3 years old, whilst for males with SVLs ranging between 39.0 cm-96.0 cm, were 2-5 years old. A strong correlation between the SVL and fibular mid-diaphysis diameter was observed in both sexes. This indicates that the formation of LAGs occurs steadily every year, although LAGs are not always clearly visible in every individual, especially in young ones.</p>","PeriodicalId":23477,"journal":{"name":"Tropical life sciences research","volume":"36 3","pages":"87-99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12677963/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145701901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and Antischizophrenic Studies of 1,3-disubstituted Chalcone Derivatives: <i>In-silico</i> Molecular Docking Approach.","authors":"Abdulqadir Okhayole Zubair, Suleiman Danladi, Umar Idris Ibrahim, Mahdiyu Kogi Jibril, Salim Ilyasu","doi":"10.21315/tlsr2025.36.3.10","DOIUrl":"10.21315/tlsr2025.36.3.10","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Schizophrenia is a psychiatric disorder that affects a person's ability to think, feel and behave clearly. The pathophysiology of the disease stems from the overexpression of dopamine neurotransmission and deficiency of glutamate activity at glutamate synapse in the brain. Considering the significant global burden of the disease, lack of complete efficacy using the current medications and variety of adverse effects associated with their use, and the huge opportunity created by Computer-Aided Drug Design, it is therefore important and possible to come up with drug leads that will have improved efficacy and reduced side effects. This research is thus aimed to design, evaluate the pharmacokinetic properties, and the in silico antischizophrenic activity of novel 1,3-disubstituted chalcones. Ten compounds were designed using ChemDraw Ultra 7.0 using similarity approach and their oral bioavailability was predicted using SwissADME, toxicity was predicted using PROTOX 3.0 and docking studies were carried out using AutoDock Vina through Chimera 1.11.2. The 10 designed compounds were predicted to have excellent oral bioavailability and lead-likeness properties, easy synthesisability and a relatively safer toxicity profile than the reference compound clozapine. The compounds were evaluated to have higher docking scores between -8.3 to -9.5 compared to clozapine with a docking score of -8.8 when docked against dopaminergic D2 receptor. In addition, the compounds have close binding scores (-6.0 to -6.6) compared to clozapine (-6.7) when docked against N-Methyl-D-aspartic Acid (NMDA) receptor, suggesting their use as potential antischizophrenic agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":23477,"journal":{"name":"Tropical life sciences research","volume":"36 3","pages":"197-216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12677968/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145701859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}