Ukrainian Journal of Ecology最新文献

{"title":"Entomophages of spruce bud scales (Hemiptera: Coccidae) in the Ukrainian eastern forest-steppe","authors":"V. O. Melenti, S. Stankevych, A. V. Matsyura","doi":"10.15421/2020_285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_285","url":null,"abstract":"The population number of spruce bud scales within localities can be regulated by a complex of predators and parasitoids, of the predatory species, the most massive is Antribus nebulosus Forster – Anthribus nebulosus. Apart from Antribus nebulosus Forster, numerous representatives of incheumonids from the Encertidae family develop, among which representatives of the Microterys genus are most commonly spread on spruce bud scales. In the course of our research, we have found that in spruce plantations inhabited by spruce bud scales entomophages populate females. Beyond the city limits, spruce plantations are more populated by entomophages than within the city limits. Both species of entomophages populated females in the dendrological park of Kharkiv National Agrarian University named after V.V. Dokuchaiev (49°90'N, 36°45'E) and Feldman Ecopark (50°66'N, 36°16'E). The highest inhabiting percentage of phytophages by entomophages was observed in the dendrological park of KhAU – 65 % of the examined females, of which 65 % were inhabited by Anthribus nebulosus and 45 % by Microterys lunatus. On the territory of Feldman Ecopark, 50% of the examined females were inhabited by entomophages, of which 25% were inhabited by Anthribus nebulosus and 75% by Microterys lunatus. In the nursery garden of ornamental plants (75 Siverska St.) (49°99'N, 36°36'E), only beetles of Anthribus nebulosus were found in 55 % of the studied female specimens. In the village of Vysoke (49°53'N, 36°07'E), Kharkiv district, in 80% of the studied females of spruce bud scales we have found only Microterys lunatus incheumonids. The lowest inhabiting percentage of phytophages by entomophages was observed in areas with severe man-caused air pollution. In the street plantations of Kharkiv Tractor Plant neighborhood (49°95'N, 36°40'E), 15 % of the studied females of spruce bud scales were inhabited by incheumonids of Microterys lunatus. Near the plant “Turboatom” (3 Energetychna St.) (49°97'N, 36°30'E) – 10 % of entomophages. Entomophages are collected in different places of the city and region, and in laboratory conditions we have once again convinced that the number of useful insects depends on the location of spruce plantations. The more spruce trees are negatively affected by cities and people, the fewer entomophages were recorded. Our research has shown that of the two entomophage species that are most sensitive to air pollution, beetles of Anhtribus nebulosus species, their number within the city limits is minimal or completely absent.","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44935396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endemic and relic species plants of Badakhshsan (Pamirs) and new approach to their conservation","authors":"M. Olonova, P. Gudkova, D. Navruzshoev, M. Barkworth","doi":"10.15421/2020_273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_273","url":null,"abstract":"Badakhshan, situated in Pamir is one of Eurasia’s biodiversity hotspots. Research shows that Badakhshan has 95 narrowly endemic species that are not found in other areas of Tajikistan and Afghanistan. Of these, 50 species grow only in the Tajik part, 36 species - only in the Afghan part, and 9 are found in both parts of Badakhshan. There are 52 preglacial relicts restricted to the Tajik part and 24 – to the Afghan part as well. We proposed to add 39 of the relict species in the Tajik part to the Red Data Book of Republic of Tajikistan and all 24 relict species in the Afghan part to add to the Afghanistan National Red List. The areas of special protected – Important Plant Area (IPA), are the base for supporting natural plant biodiversity. We also suggested to include 75 additional species in the national lists of vulnerable species (73 species in Tajikistan, and 65 species in Afghanistan).","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42262242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cluster analysis of morphological traits in cucumber hybrid varieties (Ukrainian Right-Bank Forest-Steppe area)","authors":"Z. Sych, S. Kubrak, K. I. Velyka, V. I. Hlevaskyi, I. M. Sydorova, L. Shubenko","doi":"10.15421/2020_261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_261","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of weather conditions on vegetable crops plays an important role in the cucumber production. The biggest amount of cultivated fields is situated in the areas that are under risk for agriculture. Our research aim is to study different cucumber heterozygous hybrid varieties. Their chemical composition, crop formation, growing season, stem thickness near the root collar, main stem length, leaf area, leaf number per plant are of great importance to form clusters, the samples of which could give the highest cucumber productivity under Ukraine Right-Bank Forest-Steppe conditions. The samples of 36 cucumber heterozygous hybrid varieties of Ukrainian and foreign breeding (Russian, Italian, French) have been studied at Bila Tserkva National Agrarian University Training and Production Center. The variety estimation of 36 heterozygous samples shows that they have 17 traits. It has allowed us to subdivide them into five clusters at the lowest level under Ukraine Right-Bank Forest-Steppe conditions. In the plant nursery, all cucumber varieties are presented by six the most common hybrid samples. There are three samples that have been bred in Ukraine (Suvenir F1, Lyaluk F1, Vodogray F1), 1 in Poland (Sremski F1) and 2 in The Netherlands (Masha F1, Crispina F1).","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43717058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The formation of current internal exposure doses of the Ukrainian Polissia rural population","authors":"H. Chobotko, L. Raichuk, I. Shvydenko, M. Umanskyi, O. Kichigina, O. Teteruk","doi":"10.15421/2020_290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_290","url":null,"abstract":"This work aimed to identify the specifics and trends of the development of the internal exposure dose (137Cs) of the rural population in Ukrainian Polissia. WBC-measurements were carried out in 2005-2013. Settlements of the Vyshgorod district of Kyiv region and Naroditsky district of the Zhytomyr region were selected for the research. Experimental data were processed using OriginPro 9 and Microsoft Excel 2016. The assumption about several distribution laws for each of the studied data sets was made based on the results of the descriptive statistics of mathematical data samples. The approximation of experimental data revealed an exponential distribution for one sample and attributes of both lognormal and normal distributions for the second one. The problem of exceeding the permissible level of internal exposure doses is relevant mainly for the rural population of Ukrainian Polissia. The novelty of the research is the valuation of objective laws of the formation of current internal exposure doses (by 137Cs) of the Ukrainian Polissia rural population. It was established that in the remote period after the Chornobyl accident an exponential distribution of internal exposure doses of the population is observed in rural settlements of Ukrainian Polissia. This indicates changes in the patterns of the formation of the radiation burden on local residents, which can be explained by the socio-demographic, environmental, and economic factors inherent with each settlement. Due to the nonuniform influence of these factors, the differentiation of settlements on the habitudes of the formation of internal exposure doses of the population takes place. The influence of various factors on the dose formation requires further in-depth study not only within the settlements but even also individual families.","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45513052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolution of open air quality of urbanized territories under Covid-19 pandemic conditions","authors":"Z. Sobko, N. Vozniuk, O. A. Lykho, A. Pryshchepa, Z. M. Budnik","doi":"10.15421/2020_256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_256","url":null,"abstract":"Current state of world affairs in 2020 during quarantine enforced due to COVID-19 pandemic is characterized, on the one hand, with economic recession, but on the other hand, also with improvement of ecological state of environment. Thus a unique opportunity came up to study processes of open air conditions formation in settlements in circumstances of restricted economic activity and limitations imposed on all kinds of transportation. This article presents results of research of trends of formation of open air quality of urbanized territories (using city of Rivne as an example) during quarantine enforced due to COVID-19 pandemic. It is determined that due to introduction of quarantine measures air quality has improved. So, during the quarantine as well as after relaxation of quarantine measures only concentration of formaldehyde in open air of Rivne city did exceed average daily MAC. Primary source of open air pollution in Rivne city is motor vehicles which comprise 79% of total amount of pollutant emissions. Main pollutants which influence formation of open air quality in the city are: dust, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, hydrogen fluoride and formaldehyde. They exceeded average daily MAC by factor of 1.3 to 32. Complex air pollution index (CAPI) was equal to 5.4 during quarantine restrictions but grew to 5.7 when the restrictions were partially loosened. Thus, air pollution level was evaluated as \"mild pollution\". During the corresponding periods of 2019 this index was changing from 6.9 (\"mild air pollution\") to 7.7 (\"polluted air\") respectively. Open air pollution level is determined by a complex of constituents including pollutant emission amounts, their specifics and dependency on meteorological factors. Due to this aspect we have performed statistical examinations to determine dependency of open air pollutant concentrations on meteorological conditions using multiple correlation coefficients. Strong correlation was exhibited for nitrogen oxide, hydrogen chloride and ammonia: multiple correlation coefficients fall within 0.76-0.80 range; moderate correlation was seen for dust, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, hydrogen disulphide, phenol and formaldehyde with multiple correlation coefficients varying in 0.51-0.70 range. \u0000 \u0000Keywords:  Open air; atmospheric air; urbanized territories; quarantine restrictions; complex air pollution index; AQI \u0000 \u0000References \u0000 \u0000  \u0000 \u0000Adamenko O.M., Kryzhanivsky Ye. I., Neyko Ye. M. (2004). Ecology of the Ivano-Frankivsk city. Ivano-Frankivsk: Suversiya MV. \u0000 \u0000Akimoto, H. (2016) Atmospheric Reaction Chemistry. Asakura Publishing, Springer. \u0000 \u0000Baharyev V. S., Kortsova O.L., Kostyrya V.V., Marynin D.V. (2012). Study of atmospheric air pollution state in conditions of changes of contemporary real estate development in urban settlements. Collection of research papers «Ecological safety» of Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostrohradskyi National University, 1(13), 43-47. \u0000 \u0000Boyko V. (2016). Safety of atmospheric air as a constitue","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":"10 1","pages":"48-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43424848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Manifestation of stability and plasticity of varieties of hybrid clover (Trifolium hybridum L.) in the western region of Ukraine","authors":"L. Baystryk-Hlodan, M. Homiak, H. Konyk, O. Stasiv","doi":"10.15421/2020_252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_252","url":null,"abstract":"Hybrid clover (Trifolium hybridum L.) is one of the main legumes for meadow grass mixtures. One of the important research methods is the assessment of the plasticity and variance of its stability of variety samples, which was carried out according to the method  S. A. Eberhart, W. A. Russel, V. Z. Pakudina and L. M. Lopatina. An assessment of the adaptive potential of new samples of clover hybrid selection of the Institute of agriculture of the Carpathian region NAAS was carried out. The results of a study of 26 samples of hybrid clover in terms of ecological parameters of plasticity and stability under the influence of environmental changes are presented. Revealed valuable genetic sources with high rates of basic traits. Keywords: Hybrid clover (Trifolium hybridum L.); variety; ecological plasticity; yield; regression coefficient; stability variance; homeostaticity   References Babych A. A., Ivanyuk S. V., Babiy S. I. 2009. Index of ecological plasticity of fodder bean varieties. Feed and feed production.  64. 18–24 (in Ukrainian). Belenikhina  A. V., Kostromitin  V. M. 2014. Variety study of millet for sowing on agroecological stability and plasticity. Breeding and seed production. 106. 141–146 (in Ukrainian). Beznosyuk  K. P. 2013. Ecological plasticity and variance of stability of carrot cultivars by β-carotene content in a collection nursery. Bulletin of the center of scientific support of the agro-industrial complex of  Kharkiv region14. 12–20 (in Ukrainian). . Cheshkova A. F., Gribennikova I. G., Aleynikov A. F., Stepochkin P. I. 2013.Computer program \"Analysis of ecological plasticity of agricultural crops\" Achievements of science and technology of agriculture. 2013.","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":"10 1","pages":"23-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42748941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of soil heterogeneity by precision farming methods","authors":"N. Adamchuk-Chala, V. Yatsenko, M. M. Baranovskij, J. Bojko, V. Adamchuk","doi":"10.15421/2020_255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_255","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the results of optimization of crop management in specific areas of the field while taking into account spatial and temporal changes in soil conditions. The aim of the study was to identify soil microbial groups that affect the production cycle with different tillage and the use of different techniques for measuring the biological activity of soil and yield. Main results of Experiment 1: Dilution of 1/100000 of nitrogen fertilizers applied to post-harvest residues provided the highest reproducibility of measurements for the largest number of microorganisms of different ecological and trophic groups. Differences in the mean values","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":"10 1","pages":"42-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42336899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Herbaceous Flora of Lower Tanawal, Pakistan","authors":"A. Bibi, Z. Iqbal, G. Shah, Mushtaq Ahmad, A. Majid, Arsla Khan, S. Shah","doi":"10.15421/2020_257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_257","url":null,"abstract":"The present work has been carried out to collect information about herbaceous flora of Lower Tanawal District Abbottabad, KP, and Pakistan. Herbaceous species are vital constituents of ecosystems. Floristic studies have increasing importance in recent years to evaluate the plant wealth. During the present research study there are total 187 plant species (herbs) belonging to 60 families and 146 genera were recorded from the study area. Out of 60 families Asteraceae was the most dominant family with 22 species and 18 genera and other main contributing families were Lamiaceae (16 species and 12 genera), Poaceae, (14 species and 12 genera), Fabaceae (12 species and 7 genera), Brassicaceae (7 species and 7 genera) and Rubiaceae (6 species and 2 genera). The most dominant life from was wild. \u0000 \u0000Keywords: Floristic; Species; Herbaceous; Lower Tanawal; Pakistan \u0000  \u0000 \u0000References \u0000 \u0000  \u0000 \u0000Ahmad, S.S., Ehsan, H. (2012). Analyzing the herbaceous flora of Lohi Bher Wildlife Park under variable environmental stress. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 44(1), 11-14. \u0000 \u0000Gamble, J.S., Fischer, C.E. (1935). Flora of the Presidency of Madras. Vols. I-III, Adlard & Co., London. \u0000 \u0000Hornby, A.S. (2001). Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary. Oxford University Press, Oxford, New York. \u0000 \u0000Hussain, F., Illahi, I. (1991). Ecology and Vegetation of Lesser Himalayan Pakistan. Bot. Dept. Univ. of. Peshawar. \u0000 \u0000IUCN. (1980). World conservation strategy Living resource conservation for sustainable development, IUCN: UNEP/WWF, Gland, Switzerland. \u0000 \u0000Mathew, K.M. (1983). The flora of Tamil Nadu Carnatic. Volume 3, Diosceesam Press, Madras. \u0000 \u0000Myers, N. (1990). The biodiversity challenge. Extended hotspots analysis. Environmentalist, 10, 243-256. \u0000 \u0000Nair, N.C., Henry, A.N. (1983). Flora of Tamil Nadu, India, Series I. Analysis Vol. 1, Botanical Survey of India, Coimbatore. \u0000 \u0000Vashistha, B.D., Mandeep, K.R. (2013). Floristic and ethno botanical survey of Ambala District, Haryana. International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences, 4(2), 353-360. \u0000 \u0000Vediya, S.D., Kharad, H.S. (2011). Floristic diversity of Isarizone, Megharj range forest district Sabarkantha Gujarat, India. International Journal of Pharmacy and Life science, 2(9), 1033-1034.","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":"10 1","pages":"54-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47229680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural spruce extract is an effective remedy to fight against varroatosis in organic beekeeping","authors":"L. Romanchuk, O. Lisohurska, S. Furman, D. Lisohurska, M. Kryvyi, O. Skydan","doi":"10.15421/2020_254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_254","url":null,"abstract":"Varoatosis is the most dangerous disease of bees. A number of synthetic preparations are used for its treatment. In organic beekeeping they are forbidden; and the search for new effective acaricides, which are not toxic to bees and do not contaminate bee products, is highly relevant. Therefore, our purpose was to investigate the effectiveness of using natural spruce extract to fight against varroatosis at an organic apiary. In this study, we compared the effectiveness of using natural spruce extract and formic acid extract to combat varroatosis in 24 bee families (12 each the group). The preparations were administered according to the guidelines once in the spring and once in the autumn. In the course of the study, a number of indicators were evaluated such as spring and autumn mite infestation, the strengthening and weakening of families, honey and wax productivity, the percentage of families that died (lost their queen bee) during the winter. The results of our investigation show that natural spruce extract effectively controls the varroa mite. This is confirmed by the significant difference in mite infestation between the groups treated with formic acid and spruce extract. This indicator was lower in bee families treated with spruce extract. After the spring treatment, the difference was 3 times (??<0.05), before autumn and spring next year it was 1.2 (??<0.01). When spruce extract was applied, the bee families had by 1.2 times higher honey productivity and by 1.4 higher wax productivity. Therefore, it is advisable to use this anti-varroatosis preparation in organic beekeeping. We recommend administering preparations in the spring after the first flying rout and at the end of August, adding 15 ml per 1 liter of sugar syrup (90 ml/family). \u0000 \u0000In the future we plan to investigate the effectiveness of the use of eleutherococcus tincture in organic beekeeping. \u0000 \u0000Keywords: organic beekeeping; varroatosis; natural spruce extract \u0000  \u0000 \u0000References \u0000 \u0000Ariana, A., Ebadi, R., Tahmasebi, G. (2002). Gholamhosein Tahmasebi Laboratory evaluation of some plant essences to control Varroa destructor (Acari: Varroidae). Exp Appl Acarol, 27, 319. \u0000 \u0000Bogdanov, S., Charriere, J.-D., Imdorf, A., Kilchenmann, V., Fluri, P. (2002). Determination of residues in honey after treatments with formic and oxalic acid under field conditions. Apidologie, 44 (4), 399–409. \u0000 \u0000Bolli, H. K., Bogdanov, S., Imdorf, A., Fluri, P. (1993). Zur Wirkungsweise von Ameisensaure bei Varroa jacobsoni Oud und der Honigbiene (Apis mellifera L.). Apidologie, 24 (1), 51–57. \u0000 \u0000Brovarskyi, V. D., Brindza, Y., Otchenashko, V, V, Povoznikov, M., G., adamchuk, L., O. (2017). Metod y`ka doslidnoyi spravy` u bdzhil`ny`cztvi  [Methodology of a test case in beekeeping] : navch. posib. Ky`yiv : Vy`d. dim «Vinnichenko», 166 s. (in Ukrainian). \u0000 \u0000Calderone, N. W. & Spivak, M. (1995). Plant Extracts for Control of the Parasitic Mite Varroa jacobsoni (Acari: Varroidae) in Colonies of the Western Honey Bee (","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":"10 1","pages":"38-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41962392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of human-carnivore conflict in Chitral, Pakistan","authors":"O. Ahmad","doi":"10.15421/2020_258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_258","url":null,"abstract":"Human-carnivore conflict is considered to be a major conservation and livelihood issue (Dar et al., 2009). The present study was conducted to assessed human carnivores’ conflict, its causes, severity and recommending conflict mitigation suggestions. Conflict in the study area was assessed through interview questionnaire, focus group discussions, pasture’s visits and observations. Results showed that 19% respondents had experienced conflict with carnivores. Carnivores depredation on livestock and poultry was the main cause of conflict. Wolves and Foxes are among most blamed carnivores in the study area. Last seven years depredation cases indicated that wolfs are the most destructive and lethal predator of livestock among all. In the pastures wolfs contributed 90% of the total damage. While In the adjacent village’s foxes contributed 73% of the total poultry depredation cases. No records of snow leopard depredation cases were found in the last 7 years. Depredation cases of lynx and jackal were very few. Most of the livestock depredation reported during the summer months from May to September while most of poultry depredation w0ere reported during the winter months from September to March. Respondents revealed that no compensation had given to the affected households, not from the responsible authorities nor from NGOs, that’s why their perception towards carnivore is not good. Of the total 28% recommended killing of carnivores, 22% were in favor of paying compensation for losses to affect. While few recommended improving of sheds/corals, employee youth as a guard, understand carnivore’s habitat to reduce conflict. Results indicates that human carnivore conflict is intense in the area. However, it could be reduced by multi-prolonged conservation programs includes compensation, insurance programs, awareness creation and Improving the livestock and poultry Corals/Sheds. Introducing trophy hunting in the area can also play a vital role in mitigating conflict. The money generated from hunting can be utilized for losses compensation and developmental purposes in the area. \u0000 \u0000Keywords: Human-Carnivore conflict; Depredation; Snow leopard; Wolf; Fox; Lynx; Jackal \u0000  \u0000 \u0000References \u0000 \u0000Ahmad, A. (2013). Study on Livestock depredation pattern in Rumboor and Laspur valley Chitral (World Wide Fund for Nature Pakistan) pp 11. \u0000 \u0000Ahmed, H. (2017). Assessment of Human Widlife Conflicts in Chitral Gol National Park. Wildlife Division Chitral Gol National Park. 21 pp \u0000 \u0000Atwood, T. C., Weeks, H. P., & Gehring, T. M. (2004). Spatial ecology of coyotes along a suburban-to-rural gradient. Journal of Wildlife Management, 68(4), 1000-1009. \u0000 \u0000Bless, C., Higson-Smith, C., & Kagee, A. (2006). Fundamentals of social research methods: An African perspective. Juta and Company Ltd. pp 200 \u0000 \u0000Dar, N. I., Minhas, R. A., Zaman, Q., & Linkie, M. (2009). Predicting the patterns, perceptions and causes of human–carnivore conflict in and around Machiara National Park, Pakistan. Biologica","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":"10 1","pages":"61-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41697943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}