Ukrainian Journal of Ecology最新文献

{"title":"Distribution of osprey Pandion haliaetus (Linnaeus, 1758) in the Altai Krai","authors":"S. V. Vazhov, A. V. Matsyura","doi":"10.15421/2020_280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_280","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the number of observing the osprey (Pandion haliaetus (Linnaeus, 1758)) in the Altai Krai (Siberia, Russian Federation) has increased slightly. We suppose this fact is due not to an increase in the number of these rare birds in the region, but to an increase in the number of interested observers and amateur photographers. The appearance of such Internet resources as the Web GIS “Red Book of Altai Krai”, the Web GIS “Feathered Predators of the World”, “Siberian Birdwatching Community” and others makes it easy to publish the results of their observations, confirmed by photos, on the Internet, which makes them accessible to a wide audience. Most of the ospreys observed in the region are most likely migratory, stray, or flying single birds. However, regular recording of ospreys during the breeding time on a pond along the river Setovochka between the mountains of Babyrgan and Gladkaya on the border of the Soviet and Altai areas in 1980-2000 allows a high degree of probability to suggest nesting of this bird here.","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48437671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The response of invertebrate communities to a moisture gradient in artificial soils of Ukrainian steppe arid zone","authors":"A. Babchenko, M. Fedushko, E. I. Timchiy, Yu.A. Huska, S. Khalus","doi":"10.15421/2020_302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_302","url":null,"abstract":"Animals were sampled within the experimental area using traps to investigate the spatial and temporal variation in abundance, species richness, and species composition of invertebrate communities. A total of 60 traps were operated simultaneously during each sampling period. Traps were emptied 26 times every 7-9 days each year. Plant water availability, precipitation, wind speed, air temperature (minimum, maximum, daily mean), air humidity, and atmospheric pressure were used as ecological predictors of invertebrate community status and structure. Two-dimensional geographic coordinates of sampling locations were used to create a set of orthogonal spatial variables based on eigenvectors. We used time series of sampling dates to produce a set of orthogonal eigenvector time variables. The moisture content in technosols was the most important factor determining the terrestrial invertebrate community's temporal dynamics under semi-arid climate and reclaimed ecosystem conditions. Each ecological group of terrestrial invertebrates is homogeneous in terms of moisture gradient (xerophilic, xerozoophilic, mesophilic) and has a specific set of patterns best explain the species response to water content in technosols. However, one should consider the fact that the species response to soil water content is influenced not only by soil water content but also by a complex of other environmental, temporal and spatial factors. That is why the effect of other factors on the species response must be extracted previously to find real estimations of the species optima and tolerance. This task can be solved using the constrained correspondence analysis (CCA) or constrained redundancy analysis (RDA) depending on the type of response to ecological factors prevailing in the community – monotone or unimodal. We found that in more dry conditions, the prevalent species responses are unimodal asymmetric, in moister – bimodal, and in moderate conditions, the distributions are symmetric unimodal. The asymmetric species response to soil moisture in different parts of the soil humidity range may be assumed as predominantly due to the abiotic factors in the gradient's aridest margin and due predominantly to the biotic factors in the most humid margin of the gradient.","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45321295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comfort and cow behavior during periods of intense precipitation","authors":"O. O. Borshch, S. Ruban, B. Gutyj, O. V. Borshch, O. Sobolev, L. Kosior, M. Fedorchenko, A. Kirii, Y. Pivtorak, I. Salamakha, N. Hordiichuk, L. Hordiichuk, O. Kamratska, B. S. Denkovich","doi":"10.15421/2020_265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_265","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this work was to study the influence of prolonged precipitation as rain on the behavior and comfortable resting place of cows by housing on open feedlots with and without shelters. It was found that the duration of lying down was longer by 47 minutes for the variant of housing on open feedlots with shelters and eating feed by 8 minutes in compared to open feedlots without shelters. Concerning to the indicators of standing and motion behaviour, the duration of these behavioural act by the variant of housing on open feedlots without shelters was slightly longer compared to housing on open feedlots with shelters: by 29 and 18 minutes, respectively. The skin temperature of cows was 0.4 °C higher by housing on open feedlots without shelters than that cow by housing on open feedlots with shelters. The temperature of resting place under lying cow was also higher by housing on open feedlots without shelters (by 0.6 °C). At the same time, the temperature in recreation areas under the shelters prevailed by 0.2 °C, the same indicator by housing on open feedlots without shelters. The average values of daily energy consumption for basic metabolism and heat exchange were 1.50 MJ higher by housing on open feedlots without shelters. The best scores on the indices of hygienic assessment and comfort housing conditions were by the variant of housing on open feedlots with shelters. The cows were slightly less polluted on their flanks, udders and limbs by housing of this technology than by housing on open feedlots without shelters.","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47140586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative and legal analysis of the legislation of Ukraine and the European Union in the field of organic production of livestock","authors":"K. Rodionova, O. Nihmatova, M. Khimych, V. M. Steshenko, M. Broshkov, A. Paliy, I. Yatsenko, A. Palii","doi":"10.15421/2020_294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_294","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the work has been to determine the correspondence of the content of the current legislation of Ukraine to the EU regulations according to quality assurance of organic livestock production and to identify specific areas of national legal support that need to be improved in order to adapt to respective European standards. The main EU regulations in the field of production of organic livestock products are considered in the paper, the main principles of normative-legal acts of our state, which regulate this sphere, are considered. The light was throun on the problematic issues of adaptation of the national legislation of Ukraine to the EU regulations in the field of production and circulation of organic products. The need to improve the legislation of Ukraine in specific areas in accordance with European requirements is substantiated. \u0000 \u0000Keywords: organic, production, organic products market, organic livestock products, animal welfare, EU regulations, adaptation of Ukrainian legislation","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":"10 1","pages":"280-290"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46251777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytogenetic characteristics of some Trollius L. species (Ranunculaceae) from Asian Russia","authors":"E. Mitrenina, A. Erst, M. Skaptsov, T. N. Veklich, O. A. Chernysheva, M. G. Kutsev, A. A. Kuznetsov","doi":"10.15421/2020_300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_300","url":null,"abstract":"The karyotypes (chromosome sets) of Trollius austrosibiricus, T. kytmanovii, and T. riederianus have been investigated for the first time. The karyotype formula has been obtained as 2n = 2x =16 = 2m + 2m/sm + 12sm for Trollius austrosibiricus and T. riederianus, and 2n = 2x =16 = 4m + 12sm for T. kytmanovii. A comparative analysis of the chromosome sets was conducted for these three species and the previously studied Trollius altaicus, T. asiaticus, T. ledebourii, and T. lilacinus (Hegemone lilacina) for several karyological parameters. The average absolute nuclear DNA content (2?-value) was originally determined for Trollius austrosibiricus, T. kytmanovii, T. ledebourii, and T. riederianus by flow cytometry.","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48748147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The most vulnerable fungal diseases of trees and shrubs in Aktobe city","authors":"N. A. Utarbaeva, S. Aipeisova, A. V. Matsyura","doi":"10.15421/2020_282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_282","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of identification of fungal diseases among the trees and shrubs in Aktobe City (Kazakhstan). The most common diseases were powdery mildew, rust, spots, and leaf curl. Three species of fungal diseases were identified in genus Ulmus, two species – in genus Acer, four species in Populus, two species in genus Fraxinus, and the genera Salix, Rosa, Malus, Padus, and Crataegus had one fungi species each. The study revealed an uneven distribution of the identified fungal diseases. We determined that there were fewer types of fungal diseases in the gardens and parks than in the suburbs. We also registered a decrease in powdery mildew together with increase of the leave rust in urban environments. The regularity in reducing the number of fungal diseases toward the city center from periphery was defined.","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43450466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecological and cenotic features of the old-growth Pinus sibirica forests in the North-Chuya glaciation center, Russian Altai","authors":"E. Timoshok, E. N. Timoshok, I. I. Gureyeva","doi":"10.15421/2020_295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_295","url":null,"abstract":"Ecological and cenotic features of the old-growth forests of Siberian pine – Pinus sibirica Du Tour situated in the mountain-glacial basin Aktru in the North-Chuya glaciation center of the Russian Altai at the altitudes of 2160–2300 m a.s.l. were examined for the first time. These forests can be defined as virgin ones since they have never been subjected by direct human-caused disturbances throughout their existence. This makes them a valuable pattern of the undisturbed forests of the Altai. The age of the primary generation of P. sibirica forming the base of the tree layer of these forests is about 400 years; the age of some trees reaches 600 years and more. A significant floristic diversity (104 species of vascular plants) was detected in these forests. In the Aktru mountain-glacial basin, old-growth forests of P. sibirica exist in eight variants, significantly differing in the composition and structure of subordinate layers and the diversity of vascular plants, mosses, and ground lichens. We have carried out the phytoindication of the most important ecological factors at the old-growth P. sibirica forests situated on the northern, western, and eastern slopes of the valley of the Aktru River. Despite the fact, these forests are found on different types of soils (coarse-humus gleyed cryozems in the northern slope, typical soddy-podburs on the eastern one, and skeletal coarse-stony weak podburs in the western slope), all habitats are characterized by narrow ranges of moisture conditions – four grades (67.1 to 70.0) indicated series of humid-forest habitats and active soil richness – two grades (7.0 to 8.1) indicated series of mesotrophic habitats. Such environmental conditions are optimal for P. sibirica in all studied habitats. Both the great scientific significance of the examined old-growth P. sibirica forests for climatic and environmental studies and the need for their conservation, due to their rarity, undisturbed state, and significant age of the trees, are noted.","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45476134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Standard method in production of maize inbreds of Lancaster germplasm","authors":"B. Dziubetskyi, N. A. Bodenko, V. Cherchel, O. Stasiv, K. Denysiuk, T. Satarova","doi":"10.15421/2020_263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_263","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The article presents the results of selection of Lancaster maize lines by the standard method during 2006–2019. Methods. The initial material was middle-ripe sister hybrid DK185×DK633-266 related to Lancaster (c103) germplasm. Its parental forms were the components of a number of hybrids listed in the State Register of Ukraine. Inbred DK633 (Lancaster C103 germplasm), closely related to inbred DK633-266 was taken as a control. The selection for a set of desirable features was made at each stage of self-pollination. Starting from the generation S3, self-pollinated families were crossed with testers from alternative germplasms to estimate their combining ability.esults. The maximum average grain yield of test crosses was recorded in 2011 – 10.97 t ha–1, the minimum – in dry year 2012 – 1.96 t ha–1. It was relatively low (4.45 t ha–1) in 2014; almost the same in 2010, 2015 and 2016 – 6.64, 6.87 and 6.54 t ha–1, respectively; slightly higher in 2009, 2013 and 2017 – 7.60, 7.77 and 7.71 t ha–1, respectively; and the largest in 2019 – 8.84 t ha–1and in 2018 – 9.16 t ha–1. The average grain moisture ranged from 11.8% in 2019 to 21.9% in 2009. Conclusion. A group of maize constant lines has been selected ((DK185×DK633-266) 4p12212111211, (DK185×DK633-266) 5p4221311211, (DK185×DK633-266) 5p4221311221, (DK185×DK633-266) 6p131121111, (DK185×DK633-266) 6p131121112, (DK185×DK633-266) 6p131121121 and (DK185×DK633-266) 6p2223111121)). The testcrosses of these lines exceeded in grain yield both testcrosses of inbred DK633 and standard hybrids by 0.5-1.5 t ha–1 at grain moisture at harvest lower by 2.0% or more. All of them have been included in crosses with the best testers of germplasms Reid, Iodent and Mix for synthesis of new perspective hybrids FAO 300-400.","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44523756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Floristic finds in the south-eastern part Altai Krai","authors":"S. V. Vazhov, G. Rusanov, V. M. Vazhov, A. V. Matsyura","doi":"10.15421/2020_279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_279","url":null,"abstract":"Many species of the Liliaceae family Juss. and Orchidaceae Juss. known not only as beautiful flowering plants, they also have medicinal, food, decorative and many other qualities. All this has long attracted human attention to daylilies and orchids, contributes to their extermination, which necessitates the protection. Expanding tourist and recreational development of the territory and economic activities also aggravate the process of reducing such plants. In this regard, the study of rare species of the family Liliaceae Juss. and Orchidaceae Juss. are relevant. The purpose of this work is to Supplement current data on the habitats of individual representatives of daylilies and orchids in the Altai territory. For the South-Eastern part of the region, new information is provided about 13 habitats of four rare plant species: Hemerocallis lilio-asphodelus L., Cypripeum calceolus L., Cypripeum macranthon Sw. and Cypripeum ventricosum Sw., information about which is not available in the third edition of the regional red book.","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45582556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Entomophages of spruce bud scales (Hemiptera: Coccidae) in the Ukrainian eastern forest-steppe","authors":"V. O. Melenti, S. Stankevych, A. V. Matsyura","doi":"10.15421/2020_285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_285","url":null,"abstract":"The population number of spruce bud scales within localities can be regulated by a complex of predators and parasitoids, of the predatory species, the most massive is Antribus nebulosus Forster – Anthribus nebulosus. Apart from Antribus nebulosus Forster, numerous representatives of incheumonids from the Encertidae family develop, among which representatives of the Microterys genus are most commonly spread on spruce bud scales. In the course of our research, we have found that in spruce plantations inhabited by spruce bud scales entomophages populate females. Beyond the city limits, spruce plantations are more populated by entomophages than within the city limits. Both species of entomophages populated females in the dendrological park of Kharkiv National Agrarian University named after V.V. Dokuchaiev (49°90'N, 36°45'E) and Feldman Ecopark (50°66'N, 36°16'E). The highest inhabiting percentage of phytophages by entomophages was observed in the dendrological park of KhAU – 65 % of the examined females, of which 65 % were inhabited by Anthribus nebulosus and 45 % by Microterys lunatus. On the territory of Feldman Ecopark, 50% of the examined females were inhabited by entomophages, of which 25% were inhabited by Anthribus nebulosus and 75% by Microterys lunatus. In the nursery garden of ornamental plants (75 Siverska St.) (49°99'N, 36°36'E), only beetles of Anthribus nebulosus were found in 55 % of the studied female specimens. In the village of Vysoke (49°53'N, 36°07'E), Kharkiv district, in 80% of the studied females of spruce bud scales we have found only Microterys lunatus incheumonids. The lowest inhabiting percentage of phytophages by entomophages was observed in areas with severe man-caused air pollution. In the street plantations of Kharkiv Tractor Plant neighborhood (49°95'N, 36°40'E), 15 % of the studied females of spruce bud scales were inhabited by incheumonids of Microterys lunatus. Near the plant “Turboatom” (3 Energetychna St.) (49°97'N, 36°30'E) – 10 % of entomophages. Entomophages are collected in different places of the city and region, and in laboratory conditions we have once again convinced that the number of useful insects depends on the location of spruce plantations. The more spruce trees are negatively affected by cities and people, the fewer entomophages were recorded. Our research has shown that of the two entomophage species that are most sensitive to air pollution, beetles of Anhtribus nebulosus species, their number within the city limits is minimal or completely absent.","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44935396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}