Ukrainian Journal of Ecology最新文献

{"title":"Influence of heavy metals pollution on the formation of microbial community in gray forest soil","authors":"I. Malynovska, V. Kaminskyi, M. Tkachenko","doi":"10.15421/2020_264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_264","url":null,"abstract":"The state of microbial communities in gray forest soil contaminated with heavy metals at a dose of 5, 10, 100 MPC, in the presence and absence of vegetative phytosynesis (corn) has been investigated in model experiments. The protective function of the phytocenosis concerning several groups of microorganisms, in particular, azotobacter and polysaccharide-synthesizing bacteria, has been shown. The number of azotobacter in the rhizosphere of plants exceeds the indices of soil without plants: in the control by 3.33%, at 5 MPC – 36.6, at 10 MPC - by 95.6%. The indicative function of azotobacter has been confirmed concerning soil pollution with heavy metals. The number of azotobacter is decreased with increasing the pollutant dose in the soil without plants: at 5 MPC - by 2.64 times, at 10 MPC - by 6.67 times, the corresponding indicators for plants rhizosphere are 2.05 and 3.52 times. Azotobacter is not detected by the method of overgrowing soil lumps at the maximum level of soil contamination with heavy metals (100 MPC). The mycelial forms of microorganisms (micromycetes) are highly resistant to contamination with heavy metals that have been confirmed. The activity of mineralization of organic substances, including hummus, is decreased with the increasing of pollutant dose in the soil has been shown. The pedotrophy index decreases at 5 MPC by 3.16%, at 10 MPC - 30,9, and 100 MPC - by 46.8% in soil without plants. Similar numbers for variants with plants fluctuate between 14.2 and 105.4%. The conclusion about a lesser susceptibility to microbial mineralization of complexes of humic acids and heavy metals has been confirmed. With an increase in the dose of the pollutant, the activity of humus mineralization decreases in soil without plants: at 5 MPC - by 16.7%, at 10 MPC – 12.6, at 100 MPC - by 74.7%; with plants: at 5 MPC - by 14.3%, at 10 MPC – 8.33, at 100 MPC - by 113.7%. It is also drawn attention to the fact that the activity of humus mineralization in the soil rhizosphere is lower than in the soil without plants. In our opinion, the reason for this is the presence of easily utilized substrates in the composition of plant root exudates. It makes the mineralization of hard-to-reach humus molecules inappropriate.","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49233949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of lateral localization of the procedure on the effectiveness of transplations of pre-implantation embryos in heifers-recipient","authors":"L. Roman, S. Sidashova, I. Popova, N. Stepanova, V. Chornyi, P. Sklyarov, L. Koreyba, B. Gutyj","doi":"10.15421/2020_270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_270","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of a study of the efficiency of transcervical embryo transplantation obtained from donor- cows in vivo. The aim of the experiment was to compare the effectiveness of ipsilateral transfers randomized laterally from the uterine horn of embryos of different stages of development (blastocysts and morulas). The embryos were located in the left or right horn of the uterus of recipient heifers (n = 283 cows). It was experimentally established that the functional asymmetry of the ovaries of the recipients affects the level of survival of preimplantation embryos. Thus, in case of transfer to the left horn of the uterus of the recipients blastocysts 60.91% of pregnant heifers were found; morulas - 45.45%. In case of similar procedures in the right horn of the uterus - were found respectively 58.78% and 14.29% pregnant. The obtained results indicate the need for further scientific research to study the structural and physiological features that affect the survival rate of pre-implantation embryos.","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47656323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of quality of surface water of Dniester river basin within Lviv and Khmelnytsk regions","authors":"B. M. Kalyn, M. V. Khromova, V. I. Vishchur, H. A. Butsiak, S. I. Kropyvka, B. Gutyj","doi":"10.15421/2020_271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_271","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of deterioration of the ecological condition of river basins of Ukraine is extremely important. Particular attention is paid to transboundary rivers, which include the Dniester River. The article describes the physical and geographical conditions of the Dniester basin, analyzes the scale of water use and discharge of return water in to the surface reservoirs in the basin. The use of water resources of the basin by different sectors of the economy is studied. 50% in Lviv region and 72% in Khmelnytsk region of abstracted water is used for commercial and drinking purposes, respectively 30% and 25% - for production. The largest sources of river basin pollution within Lviv and Khmelnytsk regions are considered. The main pollutants of surface water bodies in Lviv region in terms of the amount of effluents are enterprises of housing and communal services, enterprises of heat and power, chemical and petrochemical, machine-building and food industries. Among the enterprises of Khmelnytsk region, the largest volumes of wastewater discharges are carried out by the enterprises of heat and power, housing and communal services, food and construction industries. It is established that the major factors influencing the deterioration of surface in the river basin are disposals of sewage. The ecological danger from hydrosphere pollution in the Dniester basin has been assessed on the basis of pollutant concentrations. The results of monitoring water pollution in the river Dniester basin testified that the main pollutants that exceed the level compared to the maximum permissible concentration are nitrites, and for its tributaries river Lug and river Smotrych also ammonium salt, nitrates, sulfates and phosphates. As a result of a comprehensive assessment of the water quality of the river basin, the characteristics assigned to them are weakly and moderately polluted. Except for pollution of water objects, the urgent problem demanding the solution is the acting landscape structure in the basin of river Dniester. The disturbed structure of territories is the result of excessive agricultural land use and reduction of the area of natural lands. We came up with the priority tasks are to minimize the discharges of polluted return water into the water bodies, to improve the economic mechanism of water use and implement of water protection measures, to optimize the landscape-ecological structure of the territory, in particular increase the areas of nature reserve fund. \u0000 \u0000Key words: surface water, the Dniester River basin, tributary, water service, pollution, water quality, landscape structure. \u0000  \u0000 \u0000References \u0000 \u0000  \u0000 \u0000Afanasiev-Chuzhbynskyi, O.S. (2016). Narysy Dnistra. Lviv: Apriori (in Ukrainian). \u0000 \u0000Borshch, O.O., Gutyj, B.V., Borshch, O.V., Sobolev, O.I., Chernyuk, S.V., Rudenko, O.P., Kalyn, B.M., Lytvyn, N.A., Savchuk, L.B., Kit, L.P., Nahirniak, T.B., Kropyvka, S.I., & Pundyak, T.O. (2020). Environmental pollution caused by the manure storage. Ukrainian Jo","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":" ","pages":"127-132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46867841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethology and features of the trophic activity of blood-sucking mosquitoes (Diptera, Culicidae) in the southern taiga of the Tyumen region","authors":"T. A. Khlyzova","doi":"10.15421/2020_281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_281","url":null,"abstract":"In the Tyumen region (Russia), the daily rhythm of mosquitoes’ trophic activity in terms of comparing the number of individuals attacking humans and animals and the distribution of mosquitoes near cattle herds has not been studied before. The research was carried out in the sub-zone of the southern taiga forest zone of the Tyumen region in 2016-2017. The southern taiga has a high level of blood-sucking mosquitoes. In June, under the canopy of the forest, the animals are subjected to a massive round-the-clock attack, but in the daily rhythm of the trophic activity of these insects there are evening (at 23 hours) and morning (at 3-7 hours) rises in numbers. At the end of July, the daily rhythm has a high evening rise in numbers (at 21-23 hours) and a slight morning (at 5-7 hours). In open pastures, mosquito activity is less long and is characterized by one large maximum in the evening. Mosquitoes attacked animals in open areas only at night from 23 to 7 hours. The number of mosquitoes attacking calves in open areas was low and lower than the average of 2.2 ± 0.23 times per person. The nature of the daily rhythm of trophic activity of flying hematophages leaves its mark on the behavior of animals and their preference for certain biotopes on the pasture. With the number of mosquitoes observed during the day in the forest (from 2 to 32 individuals), calves preferred to graze in the open area, even with a high number of horseflies, only periodically hiding in more often shrubbery for a short time. At night, the calves are kept in the paddock, snuggling up to each other, which allows to some extent to limit the number of attacking insects. In the paddock during the night rest of the animals the largest number of mosquitoes (over 66%) flies directly near the calves at an altitude from the ground up to 1.9 meters, but single individuals are found at an altitude of more than 4 meters, a distance of 5-7 meters from calves the number of mosquitoes decreases twice, and 25-30 meters - 4 times. The high concentration of mosquitoes around the animals indicates the advisability of taking protective measures against their attack when keeping calves in open pens on pastures in the evening, when keeping animals at night in premises, treatment with repellents and insecticides should be carried out in the morning before pasture. This will allow to ensure calm and free behavior of animals during grazing and a wider coverage of various pasture biotopes.","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43848814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Legal regulation of tax control in the Eurasian Economic Union: environmental implications","authors":"I. Ignatovskaya, N. Grinchinko, V. Zubkova","doi":"10.15421/2020_269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_269","url":null,"abstract":"Economic integration of states within the Eurasian Economic Union implies the creation of not only international agreements regulating economic relations, but also harmonization and unification of national environmental legislation. This research is devoted to the issues of legal regulation of forms of environmental tax control in the national legislation of the EAEC member states: Russian Federation, Republic of Belarus, Republic of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, and Republic of Armenia. The identified regularities in the legal regulation of forms of tax control may be the basis for the development of unified approaches to tax control in the territory of the Eurasian Economic Union member states. \u0000 \u0000Keywords: tax control, forms of tax control, tax audits, tax monitoring, harmonization of tax legislation, model Tax Code. \u0000  \u0000 \u0000References \u0000 \u0000  \u0000 \u0000A review of tax systems of the Eurasian Economic Union member states. (2019). N.T. Mambetaliev (Ed.). Moscow. Official website of the Eurasian Economic Commission. Available from:","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":"10 1","pages":"118-120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46879013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Host plants as reservoirs of the main oil-producing cabbage crops pests in the eastern forest-steppe of Ukraine","authors":"S. Stankevych, M. Yevtushenko, A. V. Matsyura","doi":"10.15421/2020_289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_289","url":null,"abstract":"Considering the geographical position of Ukraine, which is Such biotic factor as the vegetation distribution, which is the forage base for most insects, influences their spreading greatly. This connection is strongly expressed among the harmful herbivorous insects. The presence and distribution of the plants which are cultivated or used by humans and on which the insects are fed is certainly the first and basic condition for the emergence of a zone or a breeding ground of harmfulness. The presence of the most preferred by the insects fodder plants often leads to the formation of a zone or a center of the greatest damage (in the presence of other favorable conditions for the existence and reproduction of the pest). In the course of the researches concerning the identification of the host plants as reservoirs of the main oil producing cabbage crops pests which have been conducted in 2011–2014 in the communities (meadows, roadsides of highways and field perimeters) of the Kharkiv district of the Kharkiv region it has been found out the host plants as reservoirs for the dominant pests of the oil producing cabbage crops were dandelion, caustic buttercup, field mustard, hedge mustard, tansy mustard, yellow rocket and field shepherd’s purse. The largest number of species of the host plants as reservoirs was found on the roadsides of highways and along the field perimeters (6 species) and on the meadows (2 species).The cruciferous fleas, rape blossom beetles and cruciferous bugs visited such crops as field mustard, hedge mustard and yellow rocket most often. Field shepherd’s purse was the least significant among the identified host plants as reservoirs. Only a small amount of the cabbage fleas fed on this crop. This fact can be explained by the small white flowers that do not attract the rape blossom beetles and rose chafers as well as by a ground flat leaf rosette, which is always covered with dust and prevents the fleas and bugs from feeding.","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46968693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insects under global warming. Review and retrospective analysis","authors":"R. Baghirov, K. G. Titova, A. Simakova, I. Babkina","doi":"10.15421/2020_296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_296","url":null,"abstract":"We have tried to assess the morphological changes in insects under conditions of global warming using the example of three mass species. We analyzed collection funds for 140 years from the same territory in Western Siberia. We found out that the climate of Siberia is systematically drying up and the average temperatures are increasing, and as a result, the species composition of the fauna of Western Siberia changes, as well as the morphology of some insect species","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42876775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Legal protection of green trademarks in the Eurasian Economic Union","authors":"I. Kiryushina, A. Serebryakov","doi":"10.15421/2020_267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_267","url":null,"abstract":"Rapid development of integration processes in the post-Soviet space leads to the formation of supranational legal regulation within the framework of regional international organizations. The Eurasian Economic Union is no exception. The authors study the process of harmonization of normative regulation of legal protection of trademarks in the national legislation of the Eurasian Economic Union member states taking into account the provisions of the Treaty on the Eurasian Economic Union and other international agreements. As a result of the analysis, the authors conclude that the national trademark legislation of the Eurasian Economic Union Member States is not sufficiently unified, which may have a negative impact on the legal protection of trademarks in individual countries.","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":"20 1-2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41286514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of milk thistle, metiphen, and silimevit on the protein-synthesizing function of the liver of laying hens in experimental chronic cadmium toxicosis","authors":"M. Bashchenko, O. V. Boiko, O. Honchar, B. Gutyj, Y. Lesyk, A. Y. Ostapyuk, I. Kovalchuk, K. Leskiv","doi":"10.15421/2020_276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_276","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed to investigate the effect of milk thistle, methiphene, and silimevit on the liver's protein-synthesizing function of laying hens in examination chronic cadmium toxicosis. Thirty-two chickens, 78 weeks old, were selected for the study. Four groups were formed: control and three experimental. Birds of the experimental group (E1) with fodder were fed the fruits of milk thistle at a dose of 2.0 g/kg of feed once a day for 30 days. Chickens of the experimental group (E2) were fed metifen at a dose of 0.28 g / kg of nutrition once a day for 30 days. Hens of the experimental group (E3) were fed silymevit at a dose of 0.36 g/kg of feed nutrition once a day for 30 days. The results showed that the total protein content and its plasma fractions of birds vary throughout the research in poultry control and experimental groups. Thus, in the blood of laying hens subjected to cadmium loading, a decrease in their blood of total protein and albumin fraction was found. Under the cadmium toxicosis of chickens, milk thistle, metifen, and silimevit positively affect the liver's protein-synthesizing function, as indicated by an increase in the total protein level and albumin. Feeding with milk thistle and silymevit contributed to a better normalizing effect on the liver's protein-synthesizing function than the use of metifen.","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45953533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of the toxicity and effectiveness of an antiparasitic agent based on tinidazole and fenbendazole","authors":"A. Paliy, N. Sumakova, A. Telyatnikov, I. O. Zhukova, O. Kasianenko, O. Shkromada, Yulia Suprun, L. V. Plyuta, I. Yevtushenko, L. Kovalenko, E. Dotsenko, A. Palii","doi":"10.15421/2020_293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_293","url":null,"abstract":"The development of new import-substituting highly effective and environmentally friendly complex antiparasitic drugs and their implementation in a scientifically grounded system of measures to combat the causative agents of the main invasive diseases of farm animals and poultry remains an urgent task of veterinary medicine. Based on the results of studies of anthelmintic and antiprotozoal action of agents on exogenous forms of parasites, an experimental form of a complex antiparasitic agent \"Tinidafen\" was created and investigated. An experimental sample in the form of a powder was created on the basis of two active substances – tinidazole and fenbendazole with the addition of excipients (talc, starch). It has been established that the LD50 of \"Tinidafen\" for white rats with a single dose is 2564.36±349.13 mg/kg. The therapeutic dose of \"Tinidafen\" for rabbits is 7.5 g per 10 kg of live body weight. The extensefectevity of \"Tinidafen\" is 99.5% for helminths and 98.7% for eimeria. After administered orally of the agent, helminth eggs in the feces of infested animals were not registered from day 3, and the release of eimeria oocysts was observed until day 5 of the experiment.","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42939548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}