Ukrainian Journal of Ecology最新文献

{"title":"Global community security: manifestations, priorities, and threats","authors":"O. Vyshnevska, I. Melnyk, O. Sarapina","doi":"10.15421/2020_241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_241","url":null,"abstract":"The authors investigate the nature, components and features of globalisation in terms of its manifestations in society, development priorities, potential threats. It is proved that the processes that occur in the globalisation environment require the unity of efforts and implementation of a common policy of eliminating threats. The aggravation of conflicts due to the environmental issues and the social response to it are defined. It is determined that the common policy will facilitate the environmental protection, create the background for ensuring the global security by reducing social tensions. The common policy on a partnership basis allows to join forces for environmental protection, raise awareness of the ecological problems, introduce cost-effective approaches to the use of certain types of natural resources, conservation of ecosystems. It is determined that the practical realisation of ecological tasks at the national, regional and local levels must comply with the ratified agreements, implement the standards of the international law, take note of the actual transboundary threats. It is substantiated that the coordinated ecological policy, responsibility at different levels of government, sufficient funding of ecological projects will help to reduce the temperature rise and prevent the global ecological catastrophe. The environmental dimensions of global adaptation must have not only a quantitative impact on the environment, but also aggregate the ethical and moral indicators of measuring the social attitude to nature. The practical necessity of using the Environmental Code and the Environmental Court is determined. The efficiency of the partnership-based cooperation, coordination of actions with the environmental organisations, movements, eco-activists is proved. The global economic prospects should be oriented towards environmental dimensions, taking into account the need to ensure the global social security.","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":"10 1","pages":"259-265"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47625622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecological ordination of the grass vegetation in Altai Krai","authors":"N. Ovcharova, A. V. Matsyura","doi":"10.15421/2020_229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_229","url":null,"abstract":"The article shows a variety of ordination methods used to analyze different types of vegetation and presents the results of the ordinal analysis of meadow (i.a. idle lands) and steppe phytocenoses that are widespread in Altai Krai. Ecological ordination is performed by means of the Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) method. The ordination of grass communities is based on 616 complete geobotanical descriptions (330 meadow, 286 steppe). The article determines the position of community types on the gradients of humidification and soil richness-salinity for steppes and suggests the directions of the progressive successions of idle land communities in Altai Krai.","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":"10 1","pages":"192-196"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44890158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strategy for modification of the bovine beta-lactoglobulin geneusing components of the CRISPR/Cas9 system in plasmid form","authors":"E. Koloskova, V. Ezerskiy, K. Ostrenko","doi":"10.15421/2020_232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_232","url":null,"abstract":"Using on-line programs, sites were selected for obtaining double-stranded breaks in the BLG gene of cattle. The strategy for making double-stranded cuts in the BLG gene was developed taking into account the polymorphic variant of the gene (A-allele): DNA was isolated from bovine sperm used for fertilization of cow eggs in vitro. Four pX330 plasmids encoding Cas9 endonuclease and gRNAs specific to the selected BLG gene sequences were obtained. A strategy was developed for analyzing possible genetic modifications resulting from the operation of the CRISPR/Cas9 system components and the genetic construct microinjected into zygotes (NHEJ, HDR). The pBLGcmvEGFP plasmid containing the green fluorescent protein gene under the cytomegalovirus promoter was proposed as a model genetic construct for replacing the BLG gene. The use of a plasmid containing the reporter protein gene under its own regulatory sequences, flanked by homology arms to the beta-lactoglobulin gene, can be useful for evaluating the effectiveness of site-specific activity of the CRISPR/Cas9 system components in vitro.","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":"10 1","pages":"211-216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43408687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital ecology: Artificial intelligence impact on legal and environmental sphere","authors":"A. Vasiliev, Y. Pechatnova, A. Mamychev","doi":"10.15421/2020_222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_222","url":null,"abstract":"and cannot be performed by even advanced artificial intelligence relying on deep-learning techniques. In addition, lawyer employment and wages have grown steadily over the last twenty years, evincing that the legal profession has benefited from new technologies, as it has throughout its history. Lastly, were large-scale automation of legal work possible, core societal values would counsel against it (Markovic, 2019). Ying Hu discusses the responsibility of robots, when a robot harms humans. He suggest that there are any grounds for holding it criminally liable for its misconduct, provided that the robot is capable of making, acting on, and communicating the reasons behind its moral decisions (Hu, 2019). If such a robot fails to observe the minimum moral standards that society requires of it, labeling it as a criminal can effectively fulfill criminal law’s function of censuring wrongful conduct and alleviating the emotional harm that may be inflicted on human victims. Imposing criminal liability on robots does not absolve robot manufacturers, trainers, or owners of their individual criminal liability. The former is not rendered redundant by the latter. It is possible that no human is sufficiently at fault in causing a robot to commit a particular morally wrongful action. Additionally, imposing criminal liability on robots might sometimes have significant instrumental value, such as helping to identify culpable individuals and serving as a self-policing device for individuals who interact with robots. Finally, treating robots that satisfy the above-mentioned conditions as moral agents appears much more plausible if we adopt a less human-centric account of moral agency. R.G. Wright also considers that most of the existing discussions of advanced robots as potential rights-bearers focus on the idea of some degree of consciousness, or at best, of self-consciousness with or without a capacity for sentient experience (Wright, 2019). Secondly, the legal regulation of cryptocurrencies is unanimously received by the scientific community. So, at less than a decade old, Bitcoin and other virtual currencies have had the major societal impact, and proven to be the unique payment systems challenge for law enforcement, financial regulatory authorities worldwide, and the investment community. Rapid introduction and diffusion of technological changes throughout society, such as the blockchain that serves as Bitcoin’s crypto-foundation, continue to exceed the ability of law and regulation to keep pace. During 2017 alone, the market price of Bitcoin rose 1,735%, from about $970 to $14,292, causing an investor feeding frenzy. As of September 11, 2018, a total of 1,935 cryptocurrencies are reported, having an approximate market capitalization of $191.54 billion at that date. A brief history of the fast moving adoption of blockchain-based technology is provided, along with a look at the efforts of regulators to keep up with the staggering worldwide growth in the usage ","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":"10 1","pages":"150-154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41390131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global advertising market of eco-friendly products in developing countries: A review of the current trends and prospects","authors":"O. Yevsuykov, O. Akhmedova, S. Sysoieva","doi":"10.15421/2020_219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_219","url":null,"abstract":"The analysis of the current trends and future prospects of extension of advertising market of eco-friendly products in developing countries at the world level is carried out in the article. In particular, the assessment of the current structure of world advertising market of eco-friendly products is made. The determination of retrospective tendencies of development of advertising market of eco-friendly products in developing countries on the example of Ukraine is carried out. The identification of prospective volumes of advertising market of eco-friendly products in developing countries is given. The complex of actions allowing stimulating advertising activity concerning eco-friendly products in developing countries with the prospect of increase of their share within the world advertising market of eco-friendly products is offered.","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":"10 1","pages":"136-141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43596804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Legal and environmental problems of personal data protection under commercialization of Big Data","authors":"A. Vasiliev, Y. Pechatnova","doi":"10.15421/2020_218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_218","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the legal-environmental problems of personal data protection related to the use of artificial intelligence-based programs of information collection, processing and storage. The normative and legal acts on personal data protection are presented, attention is paid to the international experience of legal regulation of this field. The scope of the changes that have occurred in the field of personal data protection due to the appearance and rapid increase of the \"Big Data\". The materials of the jurisprudence on the commercialization of the \"Big Data\" and, as a consequence, the violation of the existing legal regime of personal data protection are analyzed. In conclusion, a legal assessment of the risks of deanonymization of personal data and possible options to address the problem of implementation of personal data legislation in an era of rapid development of Big Data are proposed.","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":"10 1","pages":"133-135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46646598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physiological age of female bloodsucking midges (Diptera: Simuliidae) in the south of Tyumen region","authors":"O. Fiodorova, S. Kozlov","doi":"10.15421/2020_213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_213","url":null,"abstract":"O.A. Fiodorova, S.A. Kozlov All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Veterinary Entomology and Arachnology Branch of Federal State Instution Federal Research Centre Tyumen Scientific Centre of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia. Tobolsk Complex Scientific Station of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tobolsk, Russia. *Corresponding author E-mail: fiodorova-olia@mail.ru","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":"10 1","pages":"105-109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41875222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphometric comparison between two populations of Aonidiella aurantii (Maskell) (Homoptera: Diaspididae) from Algeria and Turkey","authors":"K. Boudjemaa, I. Karaca, M. Biche","doi":"10.15421/2020_237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_237","url":null,"abstract":"The size of California red scale Aonidiella aurantii (Maskell, 1879) (Homoptera: Diaspididae) is the most reliable indicator in terms of host quality for Aphytis melinus (DeBach, 1959) (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) as well as for the efficiency of its biological control. Our study consisted in comparing the cover and body size of each scale developmental stage belonging to two different populations: one from Algeria and the other one from Turkey. The two scale populations were taken from lemon trees during 3 months. We compared measurements between the two localities and also between the plant organs. The larger individuals were those from Algeria. The same results were confirmed through the plant substrate on which scale was fixed: this size variation observed is mainly explained by climatic variations between the two countries and its repercussions on phenology and metabolism of the host plant. In addition, a higher parasitism rate was noticed in the Algerian scale population compared to that of Turkey. \u0000 \u0000Keywords: Aonidiella aurantii; Size of individuals; Algeria; Turkey; Aphytis melinus \u0000  \u0000 \u0000  \u0000 \u0000References \u0000 \u0000Baker, J. L. (1976). Determinants of host selection for species of Aphytis (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), parasites of diaspine scales. Hilgardia, 44(1), 1-25. \u0000 \u0000Biche, M., & Sellami, M. (1999). Etude de quelques variations biologiques possibles chez Parlatoria oleae (Colvee)(Homoptera, Diaspididae). Bulletin de la societe entomologique de France, 104(3), 287-292. \u0000 \u0000Biche, M., Siafa, A., Adda, R., & Gherbi, R. (2012). Biologie de Aonidiella aurantii (Homoptera, Diaspididae) sur citronnier dans la region de rouiba. Lebanese Science Journal, 13, 59-64. \u0000 \u0000Desfilis, M. T. P. (2007). Control biologico del piojo rojo de California, Aonidiella aurantii (Maskell)(Hemiptera: Diaspididae) y estrategias reproductivas de su principal enemigo natural Aphytis chrysomphali (Mercet)(Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) (Doctoral dissertation, Universitat de Valencia). \u0000 \u0000Forster, L. D., & Luck, R. F. (1996). The role of natural enemies of California red scale in an IPM program in California citrus. Proceedings of the International Society of Citriculture, 1, 12–17. InB. \u0000 \u0000Godfray, H.C.J. (1994). Parasitoides: ecologie comportementale et evolutive (Vol. 67). Presses universitaires de Princeton. \u0000 \u0000Hare, J. D., & Luck, R. F. (1994). Environmental variation in physical and chemical cues used by the parasitic wasp, Aphytis melinus, for host recognition. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 72(2), 97-108. \u0000 \u0000Hare, J. D., & Morgan, D. J. W. (2000). CHEMICAL CONSPICUOUSNESS OF AN HERBIVORE TO ITS NATURAL ENEMY: EFFECT OF Feeding Site Selection. Ecology, 81(2), 509-519. \u0000 \u0000Hare, J. D., Millar, J. G., & Luck, R. F. (1993). A caffeic acid ester mediates host recognition by a parasitic wasp. Naturwissenschaften, 80(2), 92–94. \u0000 \u0000Hare, J. D., Yu, D. S., & Luck, R. F. (1990). Variation in Life History Parameters of California Red Scale on Different Citrus Cultivars. Ecolo","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":"10 1","pages":"240-244"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48687210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of protection measures against the principal bean diseases in Ukraine","authors":"A. A. Poedinceva, V. Turenko, S. Stankevych, A. V. Matsyura","doi":"10.15421/2020_236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_236","url":null,"abstract":"We reviewed the main diseases of beans in Ukraine, their harmfulness and methods of protection. We summarized the harmfulness of the main bean diseases. In our opinion, the most common are anthracnose, fusarium, bacteriosis and virosis. We also provided an overview of protection the beans from major diseases. We established that Nespodivanka and Otrada varieties possess high resistance to diseases.","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":"10 1","pages":"236-240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48797177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modelling of humus balance under different systems of basic tillage and soil fertilization in crop rotations","authors":"O. Markovska, M. Maliarchuk, V. Maliarchuk","doi":"10.15421/2020_246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_246","url":null,"abstract":"Kherson State Agricultural University, Stritenska Street 23, 73006, Kherson, Ukraine Institute of Irrigated Agriculture of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Kherson, Ukraine Ukrainian Scientific Research Institute of Forecasting and Test Equipment and Technologies for Agricultural Production named after Leonid Pogorely, South Ukrainian Branch Kherson State Agricultural University, Stritenska Street 23, 73006, Kherson, Ukraine Institute of Rice of NAAS, Studentska Street 11, Antonivka, Skadovsk district Kherson region, 75705, Ukraine Corresponding author E–mail: mark.elena@ukr.net Received: 14.10.2020. Accepted 14.11.2020","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":"10 1","pages":"291-295"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46176478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}