天然云杉提取物是对抗有机养蜂中变异病的有效药物

Ukrainian Journal of Ecology Pub Date : 2020-12-10 DOI:10.15421/2020_254

L. Romanchuk, O. Lisohurska, S. Furman, D. Lisohurska, M. Kryvyi, O. Skydan

{"title":"天然云杉提取物是对抗有机养蜂中变异病的有效药物","authors":"L. Romanchuk, O. Lisohurska, S. Furman, D. Lisohurska, M. Kryvyi, O. Skydan","doi":"10.15421/2020_254","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Varoatosis is the most dangerous disease of bees. A number of synthetic preparations are used for its treatment. In organic beekeeping they are forbidden; and the search for new effective acaricides, which are not toxic to bees and do not contaminate bee products, is highly relevant. Therefore, our purpose was to investigate the effectiveness of using natural spruce extract to fight against varroatosis at an organic apiary. In this study, we compared the effectiveness of using natural spruce extract and formic acid extract to combat varroatosis in 24 bee families (12 each the group). The preparations were administered according to the guidelines once in the spring and once in the autumn. In the course of the study, a number of indicators were evaluated such as spring and autumn mite infestation, the strengthening and weakening of families, honey and wax productivity, the percentage of families that died (lost their queen bee) during the winter. The results of our investigation show that natural spruce extract effectively controls the varroa mite. This is confirmed by the significant difference in mite infestation between the groups treated with formic acid and spruce extract. This indicator was lower in bee families treated with spruce extract. After the spring treatment, the difference was 3 times (??<0.05), before autumn and spring next year it was 1.2 (??<0.01). When spruce extract was applied, the bee families had by 1.2 times higher honey productivity and by 1.4 higher wax productivity. Therefore, it is advisable to use this anti-varroatosis preparation in organic beekeeping. We recommend administering preparations in the spring after the first flying rout and at the end of August, adding 15 ml per 1 liter of sugar syrup (90 ml/family). \n \nIn the future we plan to investigate the effectiveness of the use of eleutherococcus tincture in organic beekeeping. \n \nKeywords: organic beekeeping; varroatosis; natural spruce extract \n \n \nReferences \n \nAriana, A., Ebadi, R., Tahmasebi, G. (2002). Gholamhosein Tahmasebi Laboratory evaluation of some plant essences to control Varroa destructor (Acari: Varroidae). Exp Appl Acarol, 27, 319. \n \nBogdanov, S., Charriere, J.-D., Imdorf, A., Kilchenmann, V., Fluri, P. (2002). Determination of residues in honey after treatments with formic and oxalic acid under field conditions. Apidologie, 44 (4), 399–409. \n \nBolli, H. K., Bogdanov, S., Imdorf, A., Fluri, P. (1993). Zur Wirkungsweise von Ameisensaure bei Varroa jacobsoni Oud und der Honigbiene (Apis mellifera L.). Apidologie, 24 (1), 51–57. \n \nBrovarskyi, V. D., Brindza, Y., Otchenashko, V, V, Povoznikov, M., G., adamchuk, L., O. (2017). Metod y`ka doslidnoyi spravy` u bdzhil`ny`cztvi [Methodology of a test case in beekeeping] : navch. posib. Ky`yiv : Vy`d. dim «Vinnichenko», 166 s. (in Ukrainian). \n \nCalderone, N. W. & Spivak, M. (1995). Plant Extracts for Control of the Parasitic Mite Varroa jacobsoni (Acari: Varroidae) in Colonies of the Western Honey Bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 88, 1211–1215. \n \nCalderone, N. W. (2010). Evaluation of Mite-Away-II (TM) for fall control of Varroa destructor (Acari: Varroidae) in colonies of the honey bee Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in the northeastern USA. Exp Appl Acarol, 50, 123–132. \n \nCharriere, J. D., Imdorf, A. (2002). Oxalic acid treatment by trickling against Varroa destructor: recommendations for use in central Europe and under temperate climate conditions. Bee World, 83, 51–60. \n \nCommission Regulation (EC) No 889/2008 of 5 September 2008 laying down detailed rules for the implementation of Council Regulation (EC) No 834/2007 on organic production and labelling of organic products with regard to organic production, labelling and control. OJ L 250, 18.9.2008, p. 1–84 (BG, ES, CS, DA, DE, ET, EL, EN, FR, IT, LV, LT, HU, MT, NL, PL, PT, RO, SK, SL, FI, SV) Special edition in Croatian: Chapter 15 Volume 008 P. 173–256. \n \nCouncil Regulation (EC) No 834/2007 of 28 June 2007 on organic production and labelling of organic products and repealing Regulation (EEC) No 2092/91. OJ L 189, 20.7.2007, p. 1–23 (BG, ES, CS, DA, DE, ET, EL, EN, FR, IT, LV, LT, HU, MT, NL, PL, PT, RO, SK, SL, FI, SV) Special edition in Croatian: Chapter 15 Volume 008 P. 139–161. \n \nGiovenazzo, P. & Dubreuil, P. (2011). Evaluation of spring organic treatments against Varroa destructor (Acari: Varroidae) in honey bee Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae) colonies in eastern Canada. Exp Appl Acarol, 55 (1), 65–76. \n \nGregorc, A., Planinc, I. (2001). Acaricidal effect of oxalic acid in honeybee (Apis mellifera) colonies. Apidologie, 32 (4), 333–340. \n \nImdorf, A., Bogdanov, S., Ibanez-Ochoa, R., Calderone, N. W. (1999). Use of essential oils for the control of Varroa jacobsoni Oud. in honey bee colonies. Apidologie, 30 (2–3), 209–228. \n \nLe Conte, Y, Ellis, M, Ritter, W (2010). Varroa mites and honey bee health: can Varroa explain part of the colony losses? Apidologie, 41 (3), 353–363. \n \nMoosbeckhofer, R., Pechhacker, H., Unterweger, H., Franz Bandion, F. & Heinrich-Lenz, A. (2003). Investigations on the oxalic acid content of honey from oxalic acid treated and untreated bee colonies. Eur Food Res Technol, 217, 49–52. \n \nOrganik standart. Kliyenty`[Organic standard. Customers] : Available from https://organicstandard.ua/ua/clients. \n \nOrijchuk, Z. Rosly`nni preparaty` vid klishha [Herbal remedies for ticks]. Ukr. pasichny`k, 2013, 05. 41–42. (in Ukrainian). \n \nPetrovskiy, K. Rastitelnyie sredstva protiv klescha varroa [Herbal remedies for varroa mite]. Pas??chnik, 2015, 11 (140). 15–17. (in Ukrainian). \n \nPolishhuk, V. P. (2001). Bdzhil`ny`cztvo [Apiculture]. L`viv : redakciya zhurnalu «Ukr. pasichny`k», 294 s. (in Ukrainian). \n \nRomo-Chacon, A., Martinez-Contreras, L. J., Molina-Corral, F. J. et al. (2016). Evaluation of Oregano (Lippia berlandieri) Essential Oil and Entomopathogenic Fungi for Varroa destructor Control in Colonies of Honey Bee, Apis mellifera. Southwestern Entomologist, 41 (4), 971–982. \n \nRosenkranz, P., Aumeier, P., Ziegelmann, B. (2010). Biology and control of Varroa destructor. J Invertebr Pathol, 103, 96–119. \n \nRosenkranz, P., Aumeier, P., Ziegelmann, B. (2010). Biology and control of Varroa destructor. J Invertebr Pathol, 103, 96–119. \n \nRut, A. I., Rut, E. R., Rut, H. H., Deyell, M., J., Rut, J. A. (1993). Entsiklopediya pchelovodstva [Encyclopedia of beekeeping]. Moskva : Hudojestvennaya literatra TM «Brat», 1993. S. 12. (in Russian Federation). \n \nSabahi, Q., Gashout, H., Kelly, P. G., Guzman-Novoa, E. (2017). Continuous release of oregano oil effectively and safely controls Varroa destructor infestations in honey bee colonies in a northern climate. Exp Appl Acarol, 72, 263–275. \n \nUnderwood, R. M. & Currie, R. W. (2003). The effects of temperature and dose of formic acid on treatment efficacy against Varroa destructor (Acari: Varroidae), a parasite of Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Exp Appl Acarol, 29, 303. \n \nUnderwood, R. M. & Currie, R. W. (2007). Effects of release pattern and room ventilation on survival of varroa mites and queens during indoor winter fumigation of honey bee colonies with formic acid. Can Entomol, 139, 881–893. \n \nWestcott, L. C & Winston, M. L. (1999). Chemical acaricides in Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae) colonies; do they cause nonlethal effects? Can Entomol, 131, 363–371. \n \nWiller, H. & Lernoud, J. (Eds.). (2019). The World of Organic Agriculture. Statistics and Emerging Trends 2019. Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL), Frick, and IFOAM – Organics International, Bonn.","PeriodicalId":23422,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","volume":"10 1","pages":"38-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2020-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"1","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Natural spruce extract is an effective remedy to fight against varroatosis in organic beekeeping\",\"authors\":\"L. Romanchuk, O. Lisohurska, S. Furman, D. Lisohurska, M. Kryvyi, O. Skydan\",\"doi\":\"10.15421/2020_254\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Varoatosis is the most dangerous disease of bees. A number of synthetic preparations are used for its treatment. In organic beekeeping they are forbidden; and the search for new effective acaricides, which are not toxic to bees and do not contaminate bee products, is highly relevant. Therefore, our purpose was to investigate the effectiveness of using natural spruce extract to fight against varroatosis at an organic apiary. In this study, we compared the effectiveness of using natural spruce extract and formic acid extract to combat varroatosis in 24 bee families (12 each the group). The preparations were administered according to the guidelines once in the spring and once in the autumn. In the course of the study, a number of indicators were evaluated such as spring and autumn mite infestation, the strengthening and weakening of families, honey and wax productivity, the percentage of families that died (lost their queen bee) during the winter. The results of our investigation show that natural spruce extract effectively controls the varroa mite. This is confirmed by the significant difference in mite infestation between the groups treated with formic acid and spruce extract. This indicator was lower in bee families treated with spruce extract. After the spring treatment, the difference was 3 times (??<0.05), before autumn and spring next year it was 1.2 (??<0.01). When spruce extract was applied, the bee families had by 1.2 times higher honey productivity and by 1.4 higher wax productivity. Therefore, it is advisable to use this anti-varroatosis preparation in organic beekeeping. We recommend administering preparations in the spring after the first flying rout and at the end of August, adding 15 ml per 1 liter of sugar syrup (90 ml/family). \\n \\nIn the future we plan to investigate the effectiveness of the use of eleutherococcus tincture in organic beekeeping. \\n \\nKeywords: organic beekeeping; varroatosis; natural spruce extract \\n \\n \\nReferences \\n \\nAriana, A., Ebadi, R., Tahmasebi, G. (2002). Gholamhosein Tahmasebi Laboratory evaluation of some plant essences to control Varroa destructor (Acari: Varroidae). Exp Appl Acarol, 27, 319. \\n \\nBogdanov, S., Charriere, J.-D., Imdorf, A., Kilchenmann, V., Fluri, P. (2002). Determination of residues in honey after treatments with formic and oxalic acid under field conditions. Apidologie, 44 (4), 399–409. \\n \\nBolli, H. K., Bogdanov, S., Imdorf, A., Fluri, P. (1993). Zur Wirkungsweise von Ameisensaure bei Varroa jacobsoni Oud und der Honigbiene (Apis mellifera L.). Apidologie, 24 (1), 51–57. \\n \\nBrovarskyi, V. D., Brindza, Y., Otchenashko, V, V, Povoznikov, M., G., adamchuk, L., O. (2017). Metod y`ka doslidnoyi spravy` u bdzhil`ny`cztvi [Methodology of a test case in beekeeping] : navch. posib. Ky`yiv : Vy`d. dim «Vinnichenko», 166 s. (in Ukrainian). \\n \\nCalderone, N. W. & Spivak, M. (1995). Plant Extracts for Control of the Parasitic Mite Varroa jacobsoni (Acari: Varroidae) in Colonies of the Western Honey Bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 88, 1211–1215. \\n \\nCalderone, N. W. (2010). Evaluation of Mite-Away-II (TM) for fall control of Varroa destructor (Acari: Varroidae) in colonies of the honey bee Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in the northeastern USA. Exp Appl Acarol, 50, 123–132. \\n \\nCharriere, J. D., Imdorf, A. (2002). Oxalic acid treatment by trickling against Varroa destructor: recommendations for use in central Europe and under temperate climate conditions. Bee World, 83, 51–60. \\n \\nCommission Regulation (EC) No 889/2008 of 5 September 2008 laying down detailed rules for the implementation of Council Regulation (EC) No 834/2007 on organic production and labelling of organic products with regard to organic production, labelling and control. OJ L 250, 18.9.2008, p. 1–84 (BG, ES, CS, DA, DE, ET, EL, EN, FR, IT, LV, LT, HU, MT, NL, PL, PT, RO, SK, SL, FI, SV) Special edition in Croatian: Chapter 15 Volume 008 P. 173–256. \\n \\nCouncil Regulation (EC) No 834/2007 of 28 June 2007 on organic production and labelling of organic products and repealing Regulation (EEC) No 2092/91. OJ L 189, 20.7.2007, p. 1–23 (BG, ES, CS, DA, DE, ET, EL, EN, FR, IT, LV, LT, HU, MT, NL, PL, PT, RO, SK, SL, FI, SV) Special edition in Croatian: Chapter 15 Volume 008 P. 139–161. \\n \\nGiovenazzo, P. & Dubreuil, P. (2011). Evaluation of spring organic treatments against Varroa destructor (Acari: Varroidae) in honey bee Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae) colonies in eastern Canada. Exp Appl Acarol, 55 (1), 65–76. \\n \\nGregorc, A., Planinc, I. (2001). Acaricidal effect of oxalic acid in honeybee (Apis mellifera) colonies. Apidologie, 32 (4), 333–340. \\n \\nImdorf, A., Bogdanov, S., Ibanez-Ochoa, R., Calderone, N. W. (1999). Use of essential oils for the control of Varroa jacobsoni Oud. in honey bee colonies. Apidologie, 30 (2–3), 209–228. \\n \\nLe Conte, Y, Ellis, M, Ritter, W (2010). Varroa mites and honey bee health: can Varroa explain part of the colony losses? Apidologie, 41 (3), 353–363. \\n \\nMoosbeckhofer, R., Pechhacker, H., Unterweger, H., Franz Bandion, F. & Heinrich-Lenz, A. (2003). Investigations on the oxalic acid content of honey from oxalic acid treated and untreated bee colonies. Eur Food Res Technol, 217, 49–52. \\n \\nOrganik standart. Kliyenty`[Organic standard. Customers] : Available from https://organicstandard.ua/ua/clients. \\n \\nOrijchuk, Z. Rosly`nni preparaty` vid klishha [Herbal remedies for ticks]. Ukr. pasichny`k, 2013, 05. 41–42. (in Ukrainian). \\n \\nPetrovskiy, K. Rastitelnyie sredstva protiv klescha varroa [Herbal remedies for varroa mite]. Pas??chnik, 2015, 11 (140). 15–17. (in Ukrainian). \\n \\nPolishhuk, V. P. (2001). Bdzhil`ny`cztvo [Apiculture]. L`viv : redakciya zhurnalu «Ukr. pasichny`k», 294 s. (in Ukrainian). \\n \\nRomo-Chacon, A., Martinez-Contreras, L. J., Molina-Corral, F. J. et al. (2016). Evaluation of Oregano (Lippia berlandieri) Essential Oil and Entomopathogenic Fungi for Varroa destructor Control in Colonies of Honey Bee, Apis mellifera. Southwestern Entomologist, 41 (4), 971–982. \\n \\nRosenkranz, P., Aumeier, P., Ziegelmann, B. (2010). Biology and control of Varroa destructor. J Invertebr Pathol, 103, 96–119. \\n \\nRosenkranz, P., Aumeier, P., Ziegelmann, B. (2010). Biology and control of Varroa destructor. J Invertebr Pathol, 103, 96–119. \\n \\nRut, A. I., Rut, E. R., Rut, H. H., Deyell, M., J., Rut, J. A. (1993). Entsiklopediya pchelovodstva [Encyclopedia of beekeeping]. Moskva : Hudojestvennaya literatra TM «Brat», 1993. S. 12. (in Russian Federation). \\n \\nSabahi, Q., Gashout, H., Kelly, P. G., Guzman-Novoa, E. (2017). Continuous release of oregano oil effectively and safely controls Varroa destructor infestations in honey bee colonies in a northern climate. Exp Appl Acarol, 72, 263–275. \\n \\nUnderwood, R. M. & Currie, R. W. (2003). The effects of temperature and dose of formic acid on treatment efficacy against Varroa destructor (Acari: Varroidae), a parasite of Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Exp Appl Acarol, 29, 303. \\n \\nUnderwood, R. M. & Currie, R. W. (2007). Effects of release pattern and room ventilation on survival of varroa mites and queens during indoor winter fumigation of honey bee colonies with formic acid. Can Entomol, 139, 881–893. \\n \\nWestcott, L. C & Winston, M. L. (1999). Chemical acaricides in Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae) colonies; do they cause nonlethal effects? Can Entomol, 131, 363–371. \\n \\nWiller, H. & Lernoud, J. (Eds.). (2019). The World of Organic Agriculture. Statistics and Emerging Trends 2019. Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL), Frick, and IFOAM – Organics International, Bonn.\",\"PeriodicalId\":23422,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology\",\"volume\":\"10 1\",\"pages\":\"38-41\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2020-12-10\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"1\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_254\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Ukrainian Journal of Ecology","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.15421/2020_254","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

摘要

变异病是蜜蜂最危险的疾病。许多合成制剂用于其治疗。在有机养蜂中，它们是被禁止的;寻找对蜜蜂无毒、不会污染蜜蜂产品的新型有效杀螨剂是非常重要的。因此，我们的目的是调查使用天然云杉提取物的有效性，以对抗在一个有机蜂场的变异。在这项研究中，我们比较了使用天然云杉提取物和甲酸提取物在24个蜜蜂家族(每组12个)中对抗变异病的有效性。根据指导方针进行准备工作，春季一次，秋季一次。在研究过程中，对许多指标进行了评估，如春季和秋季的螨虫侵扰，家庭的加强和削弱，蜂蜜和蜡的生产力，冬季死亡(失去蜂王)的家庭百分比。调查结果表明，天然云杉提取物对瓦螨有较好的防治效果。用甲酸和云杉提取物处理的两组在螨虫感染方面的显著差异证实了这一点。该指标在云杉提取物处理的蜂科中较低。春季处理后差异为3倍(<0.05)，秋春季处理前差异为1.2倍(<0.01)。当使用云杉提取物时，蜜蜂的蜂蜜产量提高了1.2倍，蜡产量提高了1.4倍。因此，建议在有机养蜂中使用这种抗变异性制剂。我们建议在第一次飞行后的春季和8月底进行制剂管理，每1升糖浆添加15毫升(每个家庭90毫升)。在未来，我们计划调查在有机养蜂中使用棘球球菌酊剂的有效性。关键词:有机养蜂;varroatosis;天然云杉提取物参考文献Ariana, A, Ebadi, R, Tahmasebi, G.(2002)。几种植物香精防治瓦螨的实验室评价(蜱螨目:瓦螨科)。植物学报，27,319。Bogdanov, S.， Charriere, j . d .。， Imdorf, A.， Kilchenmann, V.， Fluri, P.(2002)。田间条件下甲酸和草酸处理后蜂蜜中残留物的测定。昆虫学报，44(4)，399-409。Bogdanov Bolli h·K。,。,Imdorf, A。,Fluri, p(1993)。中华蜜蜂科(Apis mellifera L.)中华蜜蜂科昆虫的研究。昆虫学报，24(1)，51-57。Brindza Brovarskyi, V . D, Y。,Otchenashko, V, V, Povoznikov, M。,G。,adamchuk, L, o .(2017)。方法:' ka doslidnoyi spravy ' u bdzhil ' ny ' cztvi[一个养蜂测试案例的方法]:navch。posib。凯伊夫:是的。《文尼琴科》，1666年(乌克兰文)。卡尔德隆，n.w.和斯皮瓦克，M.(1995)。植物提取物对西部蜜蜂(膜翅目:蜂科)蜂群中雅氏瓦螨的防治作用。经济昆虫学报，28(8):1211-1215。卡尔德隆，n.w.(2010)。美国东北部蜜蜂(膜翅目:蜂科)种群中灭螨ii (TM)灭螨效果评价植物学报，30(5):1232 - 1232。Charriere, j.d, Imdorf, A.(2002)。针对瓦roa破坏者的草酸滴灌处理:中欧和温带气候条件下使用的建议。蜜蜂世界，83,51 - 60。2008年9月5日欧盟委员会条例(EC) No 889/2008，就有机生产、标签和控制制定关于有机生产和有机产品标签的理事会条例(EC) No 834/2007的实施细则。ojl 250, 2008年9月18日，p. 1-84 (BG, ES, CS, DA, DE, ET, EL, EN, FR, IT, LV, LT, HU, MT, NL, PL, PT, RO, SK, SL, FI, SV)克罗地亚文特别版:第15章，卷008,p. 173-256。2007年6月28日关于有机生产和有机产品标签的理事会法规(EC) No 834/2007以及废止法规(EEC) No 2092/91。ojl 189, 2007年7月20日，p. 1-23 (BG, ES, CS, DA, DE, ET, EL, EN, FR, IT, LV, LT, HU, MT, NL, PL, PT, RO, SK, SL, FI, SV)克罗地亚文特别版:第15章，卷008 p. 139-161。Giovenazzo, P.和Dubreuil, P.(2011)。春季有机处理对加拿大东部蜜蜂(膜翅目:蜂科)种群灭螨螨的效果评价。植物学报，2015(1)，65-76。葛瑞格，A.，规划，I.(2001)。草酸对蜜蜂种群的杀螨作用。昆虫学报，32(4)，333-340。Bogdanov, Imdorf,年代,Ibanez-Ochoa, R,回复中,n . w .(1999)。使用精油控制雅氏斑虫病。在蜂群里。昆虫学报，30(2)，209-228。Le Conte, Y, Ellis, M, Ritter, W(2010)。瓦螨和蜜蜂健康:瓦螨能解释蜂群损失的部分原因吗?昆虫学报，41(3)，353-363。Moosbeckhofer, R。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

查看原文本刊更多论文

Natural spruce extract is an effective remedy to fight against varroatosis in organic beekeeping

Varoatosis is the most dangerous disease of bees. A number of synthetic preparations are used for its treatment. In organic beekeeping they are forbidden; and the search for new effective acaricides, which are not toxic to bees and do not contaminate bee products, is highly relevant. Therefore, our purpose was to investigate the effectiveness of using natural spruce extract to fight against varroatosis at an organic apiary. In this study, we compared the effectiveness of using natural spruce extract and formic acid extract to combat varroatosis in 24 bee families (12 each the group). The preparations were administered according to the guidelines once in the spring and once in the autumn. In the course of the study, a number of indicators were evaluated such as spring and autumn mite infestation, the strengthening and weakening of families, honey and wax productivity, the percentage of families that died (lost their queen bee) during the winter. The results of our investigation show that natural spruce extract effectively controls the varroa mite. This is confirmed by the significant difference in mite infestation between the groups treated with formic acid and spruce extract. This indicator was lower in bee families treated with spruce extract. After the spring treatment, the difference was 3 times (??<0.05), before autumn and spring next year it was 1.2 (??<0.01). When spruce extract was applied, the bee families had by 1.2 times higher honey productivity and by 1.4 higher wax productivity. Therefore, it is advisable to use this anti-varroatosis preparation in organic beekeeping. We recommend administering preparations in the spring after the first flying rout and at the end of August, adding 15 ml per 1 liter of sugar syrup (90 ml/family). In the future we plan to investigate the effectiveness of the use of eleutherococcus tincture in organic beekeeping. Keywords: organic beekeeping; varroatosis; natural spruce extract References Ariana, A., Ebadi, R., Tahmasebi, G. (2002). Gholamhosein Tahmasebi Laboratory evaluation of some plant essences to control Varroa destructor (Acari: Varroidae). Exp Appl Acarol, 27, 319. Bogdanov, S., Charriere, J.-D., Imdorf, A., Kilchenmann, V., Fluri, P. (2002). Determination of residues in honey after treatments with formic and oxalic acid under field conditions. Apidologie, 44 (4), 399–409. Bolli, H. K., Bogdanov, S., Imdorf, A., Fluri, P. (1993). Zur Wirkungsweise von Ameisensaure bei Varroa jacobsoni Oud und der Honigbiene (Apis mellifera L.). Apidologie, 24 (1), 51–57. Brovarskyi, V. D., Brindza, Y., Otchenashko, V, V, Povoznikov, M., G., adamchuk, L., O. (2017). Metod y`ka doslidnoyi spravy` u bdzhil`ny`cztvi [Methodology of a test case in beekeeping] : navch. posib. Ky`yiv : Vy`d. dim «Vinnichenko», 166 s. (in Ukrainian). Calderone, N. W. & Spivak, M. (1995). Plant Extracts for Control of the Parasitic Mite Varroa jacobsoni (Acari: Varroidae) in Colonies of the Western Honey Bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 88, 1211–1215. Calderone, N. W. (2010). Evaluation of Mite-Away-II (TM) for fall control of Varroa destructor (Acari: Varroidae) in colonies of the honey bee Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in the northeastern USA. Exp Appl Acarol, 50, 123–132. Charriere, J. D., Imdorf, A. (2002). Oxalic acid treatment by trickling against Varroa destructor: recommendations for use in central Europe and under temperate climate conditions. Bee World, 83, 51–60. Commission Regulation (EC) No 889/2008 of 5 September 2008 laying down detailed rules for the implementation of Council Regulation (EC) No 834/2007 on organic production and labelling of organic products with regard to organic production, labelling and control. OJ L 250, 18.9.2008, p. 1–84 (BG, ES, CS, DA, DE, ET, EL, EN, FR, IT, LV, LT, HU, MT, NL, PL, PT, RO, SK, SL, FI, SV) Special edition in Croatian: Chapter 15 Volume 008 P. 173–256. Council Regulation (EC) No 834/2007 of 28 June 2007 on organic production and labelling of organic products and repealing Regulation (EEC) No 2092/91. OJ L 189, 20.7.2007, p. 1–23 (BG, ES, CS, DA, DE, ET, EL, EN, FR, IT, LV, LT, HU, MT, NL, PL, PT, RO, SK, SL, FI, SV) Special edition in Croatian: Chapter 15 Volume 008 P. 139–161. Giovenazzo, P. & Dubreuil, P. (2011). Evaluation of spring organic treatments against Varroa destructor (Acari: Varroidae) in honey bee Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae) colonies in eastern Canada. Exp Appl Acarol, 55 (1), 65–76. Gregorc, A., Planinc, I. (2001). Acaricidal effect of oxalic acid in honeybee (Apis mellifera) colonies. Apidologie, 32 (4), 333–340. Imdorf, A., Bogdanov, S., Ibanez-Ochoa, R., Calderone, N. W. (1999). Use of essential oils for the control of Varroa jacobsoni Oud. in honey bee colonies. Apidologie, 30 (2–3), 209–228. Le Conte, Y, Ellis, M, Ritter, W (2010). Varroa mites and honey bee health: can Varroa explain part of the colony losses? Apidologie, 41 (3), 353–363. Moosbeckhofer, R., Pechhacker, H., Unterweger, H., Franz Bandion, F. & Heinrich-Lenz, A. (2003). Investigations on the oxalic acid content of honey from oxalic acid treated and untreated bee colonies. Eur Food Res Technol, 217, 49–52. Organik standart. Kliyenty`[Organic standard. Customers] : Available from https://organicstandard.ua/ua/clients. Orijchuk, Z. Rosly`nni preparaty` vid klishha [Herbal remedies for ticks]. Ukr. pasichny`k, 2013, 05. 41–42. (in Ukrainian). Petrovskiy, K. Rastitelnyie sredstva protiv klescha varroa [Herbal remedies for varroa mite]. Pas??chnik, 2015, 11 (140). 15–17. (in Ukrainian). Polishhuk, V. P. (2001). Bdzhil`ny`cztvo [Apiculture]. L`viv : redakciya zhurnalu «Ukr. pasichny`k», 294 s. (in Ukrainian). Romo-Chacon, A., Martinez-Contreras, L. J., Molina-Corral, F. J. et al. (2016). Evaluation of Oregano (Lippia berlandieri) Essential Oil and Entomopathogenic Fungi for Varroa destructor Control in Colonies of Honey Bee, Apis mellifera. Southwestern Entomologist, 41 (4), 971–982. Rosenkranz, P., Aumeier, P., Ziegelmann, B. (2010). Biology and control of Varroa destructor. J Invertebr Pathol, 103, 96–119. Rosenkranz, P., Aumeier, P., Ziegelmann, B. (2010). Biology and control of Varroa destructor. J Invertebr Pathol, 103, 96–119. Rut, A. I., Rut, E. R., Rut, H. H., Deyell, M., J., Rut, J. A. (1993). Entsiklopediya pchelovodstva [Encyclopedia of beekeeping]. Moskva : Hudojestvennaya literatra TM «Brat», 1993. S. 12. (in Russian Federation). Sabahi, Q., Gashout, H., Kelly, P. G., Guzman-Novoa, E. (2017). Continuous release of oregano oil effectively and safely controls Varroa destructor infestations in honey bee colonies in a northern climate. Exp Appl Acarol, 72, 263–275. Underwood, R. M. & Currie, R. W. (2003). The effects of temperature and dose of formic acid on treatment efficacy against Varroa destructor (Acari: Varroidae), a parasite of Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Exp Appl Acarol, 29, 303. Underwood, R. M. & Currie, R. W. (2007). Effects of release pattern and room ventilation on survival of varroa mites and queens during indoor winter fumigation of honey bee colonies with formic acid. Can Entomol, 139, 881–893. Westcott, L. C & Winston, M. L. (1999). Chemical acaricides in Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae) colonies; do they cause nonlethal effects? Can Entomol, 131, 363–371. Willer, H. & Lernoud, J. (Eds.). (2019). The World of Organic Agriculture. Statistics and Emerging Trends 2019. Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL), Frick, and IFOAM – Organics International, Bonn.

求助全文

通过发布文献求助，成功后即可免费获取论文全文。去求助

来源期刊

Ukrainian Journal of Ecology BIOLOGY-

自引率

0.00%

发文量