Tropical Plant Pathology最新文献

{"title":"Variability in aggressiveness of a Fusarium guttiforme subpopulation associated with pineapple fusariosis in the North region of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil","authors":"Ana Carolina Melo Ribeiro, Marcelo Vivas, Juliana Saltires Santos, Gleyce Kelly de Sousa Ramos, Janieli Maganha Silva Vivas, Rafael Nunes de Almeida, Danilo Batista Pinho, Roberto Ramos-Sobrinho","doi":"10.1007/s40858-024-00671-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40858-024-00671-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The genus <i>Fusarium</i> is largely known due to its economical relevance, affecting several agronomically important crops. The pineapple fusariosis, caused by <i>F</i>. <i>guttiforme</i>, is among the most important diseases in pineapple (<i>Ananas comosus</i> var. <i>comosus</i> (L.) Merrill Cppens &amp; Leal) worldwide, causing seedling and fruit losses estimated in 20% and 40%, respectively. Because this pathogen can potentially induce 100% production losses, studies seeking efficient and long-lasting disease management strategies are required. This study aimed to assess the <i>Fusarium</i> species diversity associated with pineapple fusariosis in the North region of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Symptomatic pineapple fruit were collected from different producing areas, and 20 <i>Fusarium</i> isolates were obtained through indirect isolation. The proper fungal species identification was carried out based on nucleotide sequences of the translation elongation factor 1α (<i>tef1</i>) and β-tubulin (<i>tub2</i>) genomic regions. Also, the aggressiveness of <i>Fusarium</i> isolates was evaluated through inoculation of fruit and leaves of the susceptible pineapple cultivar Pérola. The Bayesian phylogenetic analysis reinforced that <i>Fusarium guttiforme</i> was the only species identified infecting pineapple in the North of Rio de Janeiro, with the new isolates forming a monophyletic group with a previously reported <i>F. guttiforme</i> isolate. Although the close genetic relationship observed among tef-1α and β-tub2, at 99.1-100.0% nucleotide identity, differences in aggressiveness were observed. All isolates of <i>F. guttiforme</i> caused lesions on leaves and fruits; however, nine isolates stood out as more aggressive towards fruit, and two as more aggressive on the leaves. The <i>F. guttiforme</i> isolates identified here can be used as inoculum sources to evaluate putative genetic resistance in pineapple breeding programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":23354,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Plant Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141739542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of SHAM on the activity of coumoxystrobin against Phytophthora litchii","authors":"Suyue Jing, Fadi Zhu, Xiaodong Wen, Jing Zhang, Gang Feng","doi":"10.1007/s40858-024-00657-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40858-024-00657-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Litchi downy blight, caused by <i>Phytophthora litchii</i>, presents significant challenges to litchi production, storage, and transportation. Previous studies have shown that coumoxystrobin exhibits effective inhibitory activity against <i>P</i>. <i>litchii</i>. Salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM), an alternative respiratory pathway inhibitor, is commonly used to evaluate the efficacy of cytochrome respiratory pathway inhibitor like coumoxystrobin against fungal phytopathogens <i>in vitro</i>. In this study, the toxicity of SHAM on various developmental stages of <i>P</i>. <i>litchii</i>, including mycelial growth, sporangial germination, zoospore release, and cystospore germination, was assessed. The EC₅₀ values for SHAM were determined as 166.72, 150.69, 333.97, and 240.91 μg/mL, respectively. Subsequently, the activity of coumoxystrobin against <i>P</i>. <i>litchii</i> was assessed in the presence of SHAM at a concentration of 50 μg/mL, which showed slight inhibition below 20% for all four developmental stages. The addition of SHAM significantly improved the inhibitory activity of coumoxystrobin against <i>P</i>. <i>litchii</i> at different stages, with reductions in EC₅₀ values ranging from 7.55- to 122.92-fold. Moreover, respiration assays revealed that a concentration of 5 μg/mL coumoxystrobin inhibited <i>P</i>. <i>litchii</i> mycelial respiration to a lesser extent compared to the combined effect of coumoxystrobin and SHAM. SHAM also enhanced the control efficacy of coumoxystrobin against phytophthora blight development on litchi leaves. Previously, we reported that coumoxystrobin effectively controls postharvest downy mildew on litchi fruit. Consequently, coumoxystrobin holds promise as an agent for litchi downy blight control in the field and after harvest. Furthermore, similar to previous studies, SHAM, an alternative oxidase (AOX) inhibitor, was found to significantly enhance the activity of the two aforementioned QoI fungicides against <i>P</i>. <i>litchii</i>, both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. This suggests that further exploration of AOX inhibitors and the role of AOX in plant diseases could contribute to the rational use of QoI fungicides and improve control efficiency for plant diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":23354,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Plant Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141739543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathotyping Puccinia triticina and resistance of wheat cultivars to leaf rust in India during 2019–2022","authors":"Subhash Chander Bhardwaj, Subodh Kumar, Om Prakash Gangwar, Pramod Prasad, Charulata Sharma, Sneha Adhikari","doi":"10.1007/s40858-024-00668-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40858-024-00668-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The surveys for the occurrence of leaf rust (<i>Puccinia triticina</i>) in wheat-growing areas of India were conducted from 2019–2022. The leaf rust appeared sporadically late in the season, and major outbreaks were not recorded. Twenty-nine pathotypes were identified in 963 wheat leaf rust samples analyzed. Pathotype 52 (121R60-1; MHTKL) comprised 55.7% of the population, followed by 77–5 (121R63-1; THTTM), and 52–4 (121R60-1,7; MHTKL) in 19.4 and 10.1% of the samples, respectively. The remaining 30 pathotypes were observed in 14.8% of the pathotyped samples only. The field population of <i>P</i>. <i>triticina</i> was avirulent on <i>Lr9</i>, <i>Lr19</i>, <i>Lr24</i>, <i>Lr25</i>, <i>Lr29</i>, <i>Lr32</i>, <i>Lr39</i>, <i>Lr45</i>, <i>Lr47</i>, and <i>Lr80</i>. A considerable genetic diversity for leaf rust resistance was found in 42 wheat varieties recommended for cultivation from 2020–2022. Twelve <i>Lr</i> genes (<i>Lr1</i>, <i>Lr2a</i>, <i>Lr3</i>, <i>Lr10</i>, <i>Lr13</i>, <i>Lr23</i>, <i>Lr24</i>, <i>Lr26</i>, <i>Lr34</i>, <i>Lr37</i>, <i>Lr46</i>, and <i>Lr68</i>) were inferred in 37 varieties. Among these <i>Lr13</i>, and <i>Lr23</i> were observed in 13 varieties each followed by <i>Lr10</i> in 11 varieties, and <i>Lr26</i> and <i>Lr1</i> in 5 varieties each. The presence of <i>Lr24</i>, <i>Lr34</i>, <i>Lr37</i>, <i>Lr46</i>, and <i>Lr68</i> was confirmed through molecular markers. In controlled polyhouse studies, the slow-leaf rusting was observed in five wheat varieties (DBW327, HD3293, HD3298, HD3369, and VL2041) whereas 26 of the 31 varieties conferred race-specific adult plant resistance. These findings would help to further streamline the future resistance breeding program in the Indian subcontinent and strategic management of wheat leaf rust.</p>","PeriodicalId":23354,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Plant Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141614393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pratylenchus brachyurus: status and perspectives in Brazilian agriculture","authors":"Rafael B. Guayato Nomura, Valéria Stefania Lopes-Caitar, Suellen M. Hishinuma-Silva, Andressa Cristina Zamboni Machado, Mauricio Conrado Meyer, Francismar Corrêa Marcelino-Guimarães","doi":"10.1007/s40858-024-00669-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40858-024-00669-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The root-lesion nematode, <i>Pratylenchus brachyurus</i>, is a migratory endoparasite with highly polyphagous behavior, able to parasitize a broad variety of plant species, including economically significant crops such as soybean, wheat, corn, rice and cotton. Due to its wide range of hosts, ability to survive for an extended period of time in the absence of a host, asexual reproduction, and global distribution, <i>Pratylenchus brachyurus</i> causes a significant impact in various production systems. The symptoms caused by this nematode are characterized by stunted plants, while infected roots become partially or totally darkened (necrotic) due to extensive lesions in the tissues. The nematode is widespread in many countries, including Brazil, where it has been reported in the central area of the country, particularly in the Cerrado region, and has been arising as an important phytosanitary threat to soybean production. Consequently, this pest requires special attention in its management in various agricultural systems. This review comprehensively describes various aspects of <i>P. brachyurus</i>, including its biology, symptoms, and a compiled and updated source of information regarding the spread and damage caused by <i>P. brachyurus</i>, with a focus on Brazilian agriculture. Additionally, the review provides insights into future approaches that offer promising solutions to this problem.</p>","PeriodicalId":23354,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Plant Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141609385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Alternaria species associated with purple blotch disease of onions in Southern Punjab of Pakistan and evaluation of plant-based fungicides for disease control","authors":"Ghulam Muhae-Ud-Din, Rabia Kalsoom, Zaifu Yang, Sobia Chohan, Muhammad Saleem Haider, Dildar Ahmed, Muhammad Abid","doi":"10.1007/s40858-024-00654-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40858-024-00654-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Purple blotch of onion, a significant disease affecting major onion cultivating regions globally, is often linked with <i>Alternaria</i> species. In this study, symptomatic onion leaves from 11 different fields in Southern Punjab, Pakistan were sampled, resulting in the acquisition of 25 <i>Alternaria</i> isolates. Six isolates were chosen for DNA sequence analysis, which involved the amplification of three DNA regions: internal transcribed spacer (ITS), glyceraldehyde 3‐phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), and the major allergen gene Alt a1. Our findings indicated the presence of two distinct <i>Alternaria</i> species, with <i>A. alternata</i> demonstrating the highest disease severity on the susceptible cultivar, ‘Phulkari’. In vitro bioassay results revealed that the methanolic leaf extract of <i>Datura stramonium</i> exhibited the most significant antifungal activity (68.52%), outperforming <i>Mentha piperita</i> (43.13%) and <i>Calotropis procera</i> (40.16%). Greenhouse experiments showed that aqueous extracts of <i>D. stramonium</i> reduced disease severity by 43.75% and 46.23% when used as a protective measure, and by 41.95% and 38.43% when used as a curative measure in two consecutive years. The <i>D. stramonium</i> methanolic extract was fractionated using organic solvents, revealing varying degrees of antifungal activities: n-butanol (99.31%), chloroform (68.76%), n-hexane (50.56%), and ethyl acetate (62.60%). GC–MS analysis of the n-butanol fraction identified nine compounds, primarily alkaloids. From identified compounds, scopolamine (15.23%), atropine (14.42%), apoatropine (9.55%), 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol (2.33%) are already reported for their biological activity. Our findings suggest that <i>D. stramonium</i> extracts have potential as an alternative disease control agent against purple blotch of onions.</p>","PeriodicalId":23354,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Plant Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141567636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental and statistical approaches to evaluate the reaction of soybean to Pratylenchus brachyurus","authors":"Mayara Silva Pedro, Santino Aleandro da Silva, Luiz Henrique Picoli, Lucas Santana da Cunha, Andressa Cristina Zamboni Machado","doi":"10.1007/s40858-024-00665-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40858-024-00665-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In Brazilian soybean production, the main annual yield losses are caused by nematodes. One of the principal plant-parasitic nematodes is the root-lesion nematode, <i>Pratylenchus brachyurus</i>. Resistance is among the major tools to manage nematodes, but the correct characterization of genotypes is a challenge. Several factors contribute to accurate phenotyping for nematode resistance, including the density of inoculum, the age of the plant at inoculation, and the timing of plant evaluation. Therefore, the objective of this study was to suggest standardizing the initial inoculum population and plant age at the time of <i>P. brachyurus</i> inoculation. We evaluated the population dynamics of <i>P. brachyurus</i> in a susceptible soybean cultivar until the 100th day after the inoculation based on the nematode reproduction factor (RF) weekly assessment. RF values were low at 30 DAI, and only after 51 DAI, the reproduction of <i>P. brachyurus</i> was sufficient to ensure more precise RF values in the susceptible soybean evaluated. Soybean plants inoculated at different plant ages (0, 10, and 20 days after planting) and inoculum densities (200, 400, 800, 1,600, and 3,200 nematodes per plant) were assessed 70 days after inoculation (DAI) to RF. Based on our data, we recommend that for an accurate classification of soybean genotypes in relation to resistance or susceptibility to <i>P. brachyurus</i>, inoculation should be conducted with 200 to 800 nematodes per plant within 7 to 15 days after sowing, and the evaluation should be done at least 70 days after inoculation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23354,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Plant Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141531358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Foliar-applied fungicide for white mold control may reduce common bean seed-borne Sclerotinia sclerotiorum","authors":"Pablo H. Teixeira, Renan C. Lima, Hudson Teixeira, Trazilbo J. de Paula, Heder Braun, Alexmiliano V. de Oliveira, Genaina A. de Souza, Fabrício da S. Ferraz, Rogério F. Vieira","doi":"10.1007/s40858-024-00664-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40858-024-00664-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We hypothesized that foliar-applied fungicide for white mold (WM) management, especially when associated with partially resistant genotypes to WM, could reduce the incidence of common bean seed-borne <i>Sclerotinia sclerotiorum</i>. Seeds from three irrigated field trials with low/moderate, moderate or high WM pressure were evaluated using the Neon test. In these trials, genotype (partially resistant, intermediate resistant, or susceptible to WM) was combined with fluazinam (0, 1, 2, or 3 applications). The fungicide-genotype interaction was nonsignificant for the seed infection frequency of <i>S</i>. <i>sclerotiorum</i>, partially refuting our hypothesis. However, compared to no fungicide application, two applications resulted in a 6.5-fold reduction in the seed infection frequency, indicating that fungicide applications may contribute to reducing seed infection by this fungus.</p>","PeriodicalId":23354,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Plant Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141503375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogeny, distribution, and pathogenicity of fusarioid fungi associated with chickpea wilt in Sinaloa and Sonora, Mexico","authors":"C. I. Cota-Barreras, R. S. García-Estrada, J. León-Félix, V. Valenzuela-Herrera, G. A. Mora-Romero, K. Y. Leyva-Madrigal, J. M. Tovar-Pedraza","doi":"10.1007/s40858-024-00663-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40858-024-00663-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Wilt disease complex is the most important disease of chickpeas (<i>Cicer arietinum</i> L.) in the production areas from Mexico. Disease symptoms include root rot, yellowing, wilting, poor growth, discoloration of vascular tissues, and death of plants. This study aimed to identify the fusarioid species associated with chickpea wilt in northwest Mexico by the combination of phylogenetic analyses and morphological characterization, as well as to determine their pathogenicity and aggressiveness on chickpea seedlings. A total of 80 isolates of fusarioid fungi were obtained from symptomatic plants of 16 chickpea fields distributed in Sinaloa and Sonora, Mexico. Subsequently, a subset of 41 isolates representing the range of geographic origin was selected for further morphological characterization, phylogeny, and pathogenicity tests. Phylogenetic analyses of partial fragments of the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (<i>tef1-α</i>) and RNA polymerase second largest subunit (<i>rpb2</i>) genes were used to determine the identity of 26 <i>Fusarium</i> isolates and 15 <i>Neocosmospora</i> isolates to species level. Pathogenicity tests were performed on chickpea seedlings (cv. Blanco Sinaloa) under greenhouse conditions. Phylogenetic analyses of 41 fungal isolates of this study allowed the identification of <i>Fusarium languescens</i> (51.2%)<i>, Neocosmospora falciformis</i> (36.6%), <i>F. nirenbergiae</i> (7.3%), and <i>F. verticillioides</i> (4.9%). All fungal isolates were found to be pathogenic on chickpea seedlings and a significant difference in aggressiveness was observed.</p>","PeriodicalId":23354,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Plant Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141503374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current species of oomycetes associated with foot rot disease of black pepper in Vietnam","authors":"Le Dinh Thao, Tran Ngoc Khanh, Nguyen Van Liem, Le Thu Hien, Ha Minh Thanh, Vu Thi Phuong Binh, Thieu Thi Thu Trang, Pham Thi Anh, Nguyen Van Chung, Pham Hong Hien, Nguyen Van Long, Nguyen Quang Duy, Didier Lesueur, Laetitia Herrmann, Lambert Brau","doi":"10.1007/s40858-024-00662-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40858-024-00662-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Foot rot disease caused by <i>Phytophthora capsici</i> is one of the most destructive diseases of black pepper in Vietnam and worldwide. However, other oomycete species such as <i>P. tropicalis</i> and <i>Pythium deliense</i> reported as serious threats to black pepper in India have also been recorded on this plant. The population of oomycetes occurring in black pepper plantations in Vietnam and their pathogenicity have not been investigated in the last decade. To this end, two hundred fifteen oomycete isolates were collected from the root rots and rhizospheric soil of black pepper in the Central Highlands and the Southeast region of Vietnam. Of these, 23 isolates were representatively chosen based on their origin and morphology for DNA sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region, then 11 isolates were further selected for the translation elongation factor 1-alpha and the beta-tubulin gene analyses. Morphology and molecular analyses indicated that <i>P. capsici</i>, <i>P. cinnamomi</i>, <i>P. heveae, P. nicotianae</i>, <i>P. parvispora</i>, <i>P. tropicalis</i>, <i>Phytopythium vexans</i>, and a new species candidate <i>Phytopythium</i> sp. were identified among oomycete isolates. Of these, <i>P. capsici</i> and <i>P. tropicalis</i> could be the prevalent species in black pepper plantations in studied areas. The inoculation tests demonstrated that <i>P. capsici</i>, <i>P. nicotianae</i> and <i>P. tropicalis</i> were pathogenic on both leaves and roots of black pepper. <i>Phytopythium vexans</i> was pathogenic on root only. Meanwhile, <i>P. cinnamomi</i>, <i>P. heveae</i>, <i>P. parvispora</i> and <i>Phytopythium</i> sp. were non-pathogenic.</p>","PeriodicalId":23354,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Plant Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141518361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of multiple Begomoviruses in chilli crop in the five agro-climatic zones of Tamil Nadu state of India","authors":"P. Jayanthi, Pradeep Kumar, Anirban Roy, Bikash Mandal, A. Swapna Geetanjali","doi":"10.1007/s40858-024-00659-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40858-024-00659-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Chilli, an important vegetable cum spice crop in India, is affected by various biotic and abiotic factors, which leads to a significant reduction in the growth and yield of the chilli crop. One of the most prominent biotic factors posing threat to chilli production in southern parts of India especially, in Tamil Nadu is begomoviruses (Family <i>Geminiviridae</i>). Begomoviruses are transmitted by the insect vector, whitefly (<i>Bemisia tabaci</i>) and they cause curling, yellowing, puckering, and reduction in the size of the leaf in the infected chilli plants. In this study, molecular (PCR<b>)</b> diagnostics were used to detect the presence of begomovirus, betasatellite, and six begomovirus species viz tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV), tomato leaf curl Bangalore virus (ToLCBV), tomato leaf curl Palampur virus (ToLCPalV), tomato leaf curl Gujarat virus (ToLCGV), tomato leaf curl Joydebpur virus (ToLCJoV) and chilli leaf curl virus (ChiLCV), in the chilli samples collected from the major chilli growing areas of all the five agro-climatic zones of Tamil Nadu state of India. A total number of 833 samples collected from different locations in Tamil Nadu during the period of 2018-2022 were analysed by generic as well as species-specific PCR. The PCR results of 833 samples showed positive amplification of 20.5% for generic, 13.4% for beta satellite, 42.1% for ChiLCV, 17.8% (ToLCNDV), 16.6% (ToLCGV), 6.7% (ToLCBV), 2.2% (ToLCPalV), and 0.7% for ToLCJoV specific primers respectively. The percentage of mixed infection of two or more than two begomoviruses among the total samples is 39.2. Our study has shown that the ChiLCV and multiple tomato-infecting begomoviruses were prevalent in the major chilli-growing areas of Tamil Nadu. The present study also showed that species of begomovirus infecting chilli plants in Northern and Southern India have a differential distribution.</p>","PeriodicalId":23354,"journal":{"name":"Tropical Plant Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141503377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}