Thoracic Cancer最新文献

{"title":"Risk Stratification and Adjuvant Chemotherapy for High-Risk Stage IA Lung Adenocarcinoma: The Unmet Needs.","authors":"Chen Shen, Haoran Liu, Bofei Li, Jiaming Wang, Yiyang Wang, Feichao Bao, Zhitao Gu, Wentao Fang","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.15521","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.15521","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>To identify high-risk patients for recurrence in resected stage IA lung adenocarcinoma and evaluate the impact of adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) on their prognosis, as well as explore potential novel adjuvant therapies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Consecutive stage IA patients with ≥ 5% solid or micropapillary subtypes were analyzed. A nomogram was developed using Cox proportional hazards regression to predict recurrence-free survival (RFS). In the high-risk group after stratification, RFS was compared between patients receiving ACT and those under observation, as well as between patients with and without driver gene alterations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This real-world study included 1328 patients, with a 5-year RFS of 79.0%. T stage and predominant subtype were independent risk factors for RFS. Patients with T1c or solid/micropapillary-predominant tumors were stratified into a high-risk group (n = 483) using the nomogram. A significant difference in 5-year RFS was observed between the high- and low-risk groups (73.6% vs. 84.3%, p < 0.001). Among high-risk patients, sixty-seven (13.8%) received ACT; however, there was no improvement in 5-year RFS compared to observation alone (69.1% vs. 75.0%, p = 0.655). Testing rates for EGFR mutation and ALK fusion among high-risk patients were only 52.4% and 43.9%, respectively, while mutation rates reached up to 55.7% and 9.4%, respectively. These molecular alterations exhibited numerically worse 5-year RFS compared to wild-type (EGFR mutation, 70.6% vs. 87.8%, p = 0.108; ALK fusion, 66.3% vs. 73.6%, p = 0.404), though not significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ACT failed to meet the needs of stage IA patients with histological high-risk features. Further exploration of effective adjuvant target therapies is warranted for this patient subgroup.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":" ","pages":"e15521"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11735727/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142872933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune Signatures of Solid Tumor Patients Treated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: An Observational Study.","authors":"Ling Chen, Hourui Tan, Ruixuan Geng, Yifan Li, Yingyi Wang, Taisheng Li","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.15493","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.15493","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Our study aimed to comprehensively describe the features of peripheral blood multiple immune cell phenotypes in solid tumor patients during pretreatment and after immunotherapy, providing a more convenient approach for studying the prognosis of immunotherapy in different solid tumor patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We prospectively recruited patients with advanced solid tumors from Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) between February 2023 and April 2024. Using multicolor flow cytometry, our study comprehensively observed and described the signatures of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets including activation, proliferation, function, naïve memory, and T cell exhaustion immune cell subsets in this population of pretreatment and after immunotherapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our study enrolled 59 advanced solid tumor patients with immunotherapy and 59 healthy controls were matched by age and gender. The results demonstrated a marked upregulation in the expression of lymphocyte activation markers CD38 and HLA-DR, as well as exhaustion and proliferation markers PD-1 and Ki67, in solid tumor patients compared to healthy controls. After immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) treatment, mainly the expression of Ki67CD4+T and HLA-DRCD38CD4+T, was significantly upregulated compared to pretreatment levels (p = 0.017, p = 0.019, respectively). We further found that gynecological tumors with better prognoses had higher baseline activation levels of CD4+ T cells compared to other solid tumors with poorer prognoses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study elucidated the characteristics of different lymphocyte subsets in the peripheral blood of solid tumor patients. Further research revealed changes in the phenotypes of different lymphocyte subsets after ICIs treatment, with the activated phenotype of CD4+ T cells playing a crucial role in the antitumor effect. This lays the groundwork for further exploration of prognostic biomarkers and predictive models for cancer patients with immunotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":" ","pages":"e15493"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11729440/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142710814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case of Lung Cancer Exhibiting Pleoymorphic Carcinoma Transformation Resistance Following Treatment With Osimertinib That Was Successfully Treated Using Local Ablative Treatment.","authors":"Yoshiaki Nagai, Hiromitsu Ohta, Hikari Amari, Hiroki Tahara, Kosuke Masuda, Yuki Maeda, Jun Shiihara, Naota Okabe, Yasuhiro Yamaguchi","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.15501","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.15501","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Various studies have reported resistance mechanisms and treatment methods after epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment; however, treatment policies have not yet been established, and few cases have reported transformation to pleomorphic carcinoma (PC) as the resistance mechanism. Herein, we report the case of a 66-year-old woman who was diagnosed with Stage 4A lung adenocarcinoma (cT2bN0M1b) through bronchoscopic biopsy. Genetic profiling revealed an EGFR L858R mutation; therefore, osimertinib was administered as the first-line therapy and achieved a partial response. After 46 months of osimertinib treatment, the metastases remained under control; however, the primary tumor enlarged and was therefore resected. Pathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of PC. Genetic testing of the surgical pathology specimen showed that the EGFR mutation L858R was retained, and the patient was considered drug-resistant owing to the histologic transformation to PC. The patient continued osimertinib therapy and had no recurrence at 9 months postoperatively. Transformation to PC following osimertinib administration is rare, and we report this unique case. This study was approved by the Jichi Medical University Saitama Medical Center Ethics Committee (S24-073), and written informed consent was obtained from the patient.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":" ","pages":"e15501"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11729402/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142717318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Function Recovery Following Upper Versus Lower Lobectomy for Lung Cancer: A Multicenter Longitudinal Cohort Study.","authors":"Xing Wei, Hongfan Yu, Bellinda King-Kallimanis, Yangjun Liu, Lin Huang, Wei Dai, Ding Yang, Xiangxi Zhou, Qiang Li, Qiuling Shi","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.15505","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.15505","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The effects of lobectomy at various lung sites on postoperative function and recovery vary. This study aimed at assessing the long-term impact of upper versus lower lobectomy on patients' postoperative daily function by analyzing patient-reported outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multicenter prospective cohort study enrolled patients from six hospitals in China. Functional impairments and symptom severity were measured using the MD Anderson Symptom Inventory-Lung Cancer. A mixed-effects linear model was employed to analyze the average trajectories of each functional item and the top five symptoms over the first year following surgery between patients undergoing upper and lower lobectomy. The median recovery days for daily function were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, with the log-rank test comparing differences between upper and lower lobectomy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two hundred twenty-six patients met the final analysis criteria, with 137 undergoing upper and 89 undergoing lower lobectomies. Those in the lower lobectomy group reported significantly greater interference with daily activities (estimate = 0.872, SE = 0.306, p = 0.004), mood (estimate = 0.667, SE = 0.297, p = 0.025), and work (estimate = 0.856, SE = 0.358, p = 0.017), indicating a more pronounced impact on postsurgical functional recovery compared to the upper lobectomy group within the first year after surgery. They also experienced longer median recovery times for daily activities (15 vs. 4 days), mood (6 vs. 3.5 days), and walking (7 vs. 4 days) compared to the upper lobectomy group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Within the first year after surgery, lower lobectomy patients experienced greater impairment in daily functions and required longer recovery times compared to upper lobectomy patients.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>NCT03341377.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":" ","pages":"e15505"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11734611/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142819153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Real-World Survival of Immunotherapy Compared to Chemotherapy for Metastatic Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis.","authors":"Kun Kim, Michael Sweeting, Linus Jönsson, Nils Wilking","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.15535","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.15535","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The long-term real-world effect of immunotherapy (IO) is uncertain in metastatic nonsmall cell lung cancer (mNSCLC). This retrospective observational study aimed to describe treatment patterns following the introduction of IO, estimate real-world treatment effects of IO compared to standard of care, and evaluate the impact of introduction of IO on a real-world population, based on a large dataset of over 10 000 patients with several years of follow-up.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from routine care of lung cancer patients were extracted from Flatiron Health including those who received either IO or platinum-based doublet chemotherapy (PBDC) in the first line (1L), or either IO or chemotherapy (CT) in the second line (2L). Real-world overall survival (rwOS) and real-world time to next therapy (rwTTNT) were estimated using Cox regression. Flexible parametric models, relaxing proportional hazard assumptions, were used to evaluate long-term IO effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After 1:1 nearest neighbor matching among 16 754 1L and 6548 2L patients, the hazard ratio (HR) was 0.942 (95% CI, 0.902-0.984) in 1L and 0.853 (95% CI, 0.795-0.915) in 2L. Adjusting for crossover effects, HR was 0.887 in 1L and 0.775 in 2L. Over the 7-year follow-up, the mean rwOS benefit was 3.2 months for 1L and 2.7 months for 2L. IO significantly delayed rwTTNT in both 1L and 2L. The IO effects increased and persisted over time, with uncertainty in the time-varying HR estimate.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>IO improves survival in patients with mNSCLC, though the effect size is smaller than in trials and long-term survival estimates are uncertain.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":"16 1","pages":"e15535"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11729852/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142979982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"USP8-mediated PTK7 promotes PIK3CB-related pathway to accelerate the malignant progression of non-small cell lung cancer.","authors":"Wencui Kong, Xuegang Feng, Zongyang Yu, Xingfeng Qi, Zhongquan Zhao","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.15485","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.15485","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Protein tyrosine kinase 7 (PTK7) has been found to be highly expressed in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but its specific molecular mechanism needs to be further explored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PTK7 mRNA expression in NSCLC tumor tissues was examined by quantitative real-time PCR. The protein levels of PTK7, ubiquitin-specific peptidase 8 (USP8), PIK3CB, and PI3K/AKT were determined by western blot. Human monocytes (THP-1) were induced into macrophages and then co-cultured with the conditioned medium of NSCLC cells. Macrophage M2 polarization was assessed by detecting CD206⁺ cells using flow cytometry. The interaction between PTK7 and USP8 or PIK3CB was assessed by Co-IP assay. Animal study was performed to evaluate the effects of PTK7 knockdown and PIK3CB on NSCLC tumorigenesis in vivo.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PTK7 expression was higher in NSCLC tumor tissues and cells. After silencing of PTK7, NSCLC cell proliferation, invasion, and macrophage M2 polarization were inhibited, while cell apoptosis was promoted. USP8 enhanced PTK7 protein expression by deubiquitination, and the repressing effects of USP8 knockdown on NSCLC cell growth, invasion, and macrophage M2 polarization were reversed by PTK7 overexpression. PTK7 interacted with PIK3CB, and PIK3CB overexpression could abolish the regulation of PTK7 silencing on NSCLC cell progression. USP8 positively regulated PIK3CB expression by PTK7, thus activating PI3K/AKT pathway. Downregulation of PTK7 reduced NSCLC tumorigenesis by decreasing PIK3CB expression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>USP8-deubiquitinated PTK7 facilitated NSCLC malignant behavior via activating the PIK3CB/PI3K/AKT pathway, providing new idea for NSCLC treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":" ","pages":"e15485"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11729734/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142649103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinicopathological Characteristics of Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor: A Single Center Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Xiaoyan Si, Shafei Wu, Ruie Feng, Mengzhao Wang, Hanping Wang, Xiaotong Zhang, Li Zhang, Kaifeng Xu","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.15496","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.15496","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare intermediate-grade neoplasm. It presents a great challenge in diagnosis and treatment. This study aims to identify the clinicopathological characteristics of IMT.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study was conducted, enrolling patients with IMT at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2013 to October 2023. Clinical information, treatments, and efficacy were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 72 patients were enrolled, including 38 men and 34 women, with a median age of 46.5 years. The most common primary site included the lung (n = 15, 20.8%), intestinal tract (n = 8, 11.1%), abdominal cavity (n = 7, 9.7%), and nasal sinus (n = 5, 6.9%). Thirty patients harbored anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) fusion genes; Sixty-five (90.3%) patients underwent surgical resection, and 11 of them had postoperative recurrence. Thirty patients received systemic therapy, including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (n = 1), steroids (n = 5), chemotherapy (n = 7), targeted therapy (n = 2), and immune checkpoint inhibitor (n = 1).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The most common site of IMT is the lung. Surgery is the main treatment for IMT, and postoperative adjuvant therapy for ALK-positive patients needs to be focused. The molecular testing is essential for all patients diagnosed with IMTs. Systemic treatment needs further research.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":" ","pages":"e15496"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11729751/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142732632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circ_0096710 facilitates tumor growth via controlling ADAM10 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.","authors":"Chaoqun Dong, Zhilong Li","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.15483","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.15483","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a global cancer related to the sixth largest cause of death. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have affected the progress of ESCC during recent years, but the mechanism is not completely clear. So here we probed the effects of hsa_circ_0096710 (circ_0096710) in ESCC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Relative levels of circ_0096710, miR-1294, and ADAM10 were quantified by the quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in ESCC tissues. Western blot assessed ADAM10, PCNA, MMP2, VEGFA, and OCT4 protein levels. Cell proliferative capacity was assessed by cell counting and cell colony-forming assays. Transwell assays assessed cell migration and invasion. Angiogenesis was detected by tube formation assays. Stemness of cancer cells was estimated by sphere formation assays. Dual-luciferin reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation assays determined the targeting relationship between miR-1294 and circ_0096710 or ADAM10.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Relative levels of circ_0096710 and ADAM10 mRNA were upregulated in ESCC cells, yet miR-1294 was downregulated. Circ_0096710 silencing repressed ESCC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and stem-like properties. Moreover, circ_0096710 was an upstream target of miR-1294, and miR-1294 inhibition reversed the role of circ_0096710 downregulation in ESCC cells. Furthermore, ADAM10 was a downstream target of miR-1294, and miR-1294 overexpression suppressed ESCC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and stem-like properties by targeting ADAM10. Meanwhile, circ_0096710 upgraded ADAM10 expression through sponging miR-1294. Also, circ_0096710 downregulation restrained tumor growth in mouse models.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Circ_0096710 upregulates ADAM10 via mediating miR-1294 expression so as to accelerate the occurrence of ESCC, suggesting that circ_0096710 may be a potential therapeutic target for ESCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":" ","pages":"e15483"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11729450/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142772654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of EML4-ALK Variants and TP53 Status on the Efficacy of ALK Inhibitors in Patients With Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.","authors":"Zihua Zou, Lige Wu, Xuezhi Hao, Yan Li, Li Liang, Yangchun Gu, Jianming Ying, Junling Li, Puyuan Xing","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.70000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1759-7714.70000","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The clinical implications of different EML4-ALK fusion variants remain poorly elucidated in the era of second-generation ALK inhibitors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective cohort study, wherein patients diagnosed with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer harboring EML4-ALK fusion were stratified into two cohorts based on their first-line treatment: Cohort 1 received alectinib, while Cohort 2 received crizotinib. Statistical analysis was employed to investigate the impact of different EML4-ALK variants and TP53 status on the efficacy of first-line ALK-TKIs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Finally, 49 patients were enrolled in cohort 1 and 53 patients in cohort 2. In cohort 1, patients with long EML4-ALK fusion variants exhibited prolonged PFS (NR vs. 34.0 m, p = 0.004, HR = 0.30, 95% CI: 0.12-0.74) and an elevated 5-year OS rate (93.3% vs. 68.4%, p = 0.020, HR = 0.12, 95% CI: 0.02-0.62) compared to those with short variants. The median PFS was not reached in TP53-wt group and 47.0 m in TP53-mut group (p = 0.087, HR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.17-1.17). The TP53-wt group exhibited a superior 5-year OS rate (100% vs. 77.8%, p = 0.030) compared to TP53-mut group. In cohort 2, the median PFS was 14.0 m in long variant group and 12.9 m in short variant group (p = 0.094, HR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.37-1.13); the median OS was not reached in long variant group and 69.2 m in short variant group (p = 0.254, HR:0.62, 95% CI: 0.27-1.42). However, the efficacy of first-line crizotinib did not appear to be influenced by the TP53 status.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>EML4-ALK short variants and TP53 mutations are both adverse factors for first-line alectinib efficacy, but they have little effect on first-line crizotinib.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":"16 2","pages":"e70000"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11751709/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143060851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burdens of Tracheal, Bronchus, and Lung Cancer From 1990 to 2021 in China Compared to the Global Projection of 2036: Findings From the 2021 Global Burden of Disease Study.","authors":"Yuxing Chen, Qingpeng Zeng, Muyu Li, Jiahui Jin, Jun Zhao","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.15524","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.15524","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tracheal, bronchial, and lung cancers (TBL cancers) pose a significant global health challenge, with rising incidence and mortality rates, particularly in China. Studies from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD), 2021, can guide screening and prevention strategies for TBL cancer. This study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the burden of TBL cancers in China compared to global data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted an analysis of incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from 1990 to 2021. We also performed Joinpoint regression analysis and Bayesian age-period-cohort (BAPC) modeling to project future trends.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 1990 to 2021, there was a substantial increase in TBL cancer indicators for all sexes in China, with the most significant rise observed in females. The female population showed alarming increases in age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) and age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR). While global efforts have managed to stabilize these rates, China's figures remain high, suggesting the impact of persistent risk factors such as smoking and air pollution, coupled with an aging population. Furthermore, we utilized the projection model in China to estimate that these indicators of TBL cancers in females will likely follow continuous and rapid upward trends, while the burden of TBL cancers among males is expected to have a steady trend.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although global efforts have been effective in reducing the burden of TBL cancers over the past three decades, there still remains strong regional and gender heterogeneity. TBL cancers need more screening strategies and medical attention in China and in the female population.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":"16 2","pages":"e15524"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11751713/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143012427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}