Tropical animal health and production最新文献

{"title":"Bayesian estimates of genetic parameters of stayability traits in Murrah buffaloes.","authors":"Rohit Sharma, S P Dahiya, Yogesh C Bangar, Dipin Chander Yadav","doi":"10.1007/s11250-026-05381-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11250-026-05381-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study aimed to explore the stayability patterns and heritability estimates of stayability traits in Murrah buffaloes post their first calving. Data from 640 animals calved between 1997 and 2020, sourced from the Department of Livestock Production Management at Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences in Hisar, Haryana, India, were analyzed. Stayability, defined as the duration a buffalo remains in the herd after first calving, was assessed as a binary trait at specific post-calving time points. The threshold animal model, utilizing Bayesian inference through Gibbs sampling, was employed to estimate heritability of stayability traits. Results indicated a gradual decline in the number of buffaloes remaining in the herd post-calving, with approximately half being culled by 36 months after calving. Milk production performance exhibited a positive correlation with stayability duration, indicating buffaloes with higher milk yields that stayed longer. Bayesian estimates of direct heritability for stayability traits ranged from 0.08 to 0.19, suggesting a relatively low contribution of genetic factors to these traits. The 305-day lactation milk yield and reproduction traits had positive genetic correlations with studied stayability traits. These findings underscored the necessity of considering both genetic and managemental factors in strategies aimed at enhancing stayability in buffalo populations. The study highlighted the importance of prioritizing production performance as a key factor in enhancing stayability, with strategic management interventions and selective breeding approaches aimed at sustaining high-yielding animals in Murrah buffalo populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"58 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149128756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Culled sweet potato can effectively replace cassava chips for lactating dairy cows in tropical dairy production.","authors":"Chayapol Meeprom, Ruttanachira Ruttanaprasert, Pajaree Totakul, Nantakarn Jundee, Thitima Norrapoke, Ahkarapon Nunoi, Metha Wanapat, Thiwakorn Ampapon","doi":"10.1007/s11250-026-05304-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11250-026-05304-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of replacing cassava chips with culled organic sweet potato in concentrate diets on feed intake, rumen fermentation characteristics, estimated methane production, milk yield, and milk composition in dairy cows. Four multiparous Holstein Friesian cows (4 years of age; 325 ± 15 kg initial body weight) were assigned to a 4 × 4 Latin square design. The concentrate diets were formulated by progressively replacing the cassava chip fraction with culled organic sweet potato at levels of 0%, 33.3%, 66.6%, and 100%. Cows were fed concentrate twice daily (05:00 and 16:00 h) according to a concentrate-to-milk ratio of 1:2, while rice straw, minerals, and water were offered ad libitum. The experiment consisted of four 21-day periods. Feed intake was not affected by dietary treatments. Likewise, ruminal pH, temperature, ammonia-N, and blood urea nitrogen were not influenced by treatments. Total volatile fatty acid concentration decreased linearly at the highest replacement level (P < 0.05), whereas acetate, propionate, butyrate, and the acetate-to-propionate ratio were not affected. Estimated methane production decreased linearly with increasing levels of sweet potato inclusion (P < 0.05). Milk yield, fat-corrected milk, energy-corrected milk, protein, and solids-not-fat were not affected by dietary treatments. However, milk fat, total solids, and lactose increased with increasing sweet potato inclusion (P < 0.05). In conclusion, replacing cassava chips with culled organic sweet potato had no adverse effects on feed intake, rumen fermentation, or milk production, while reducing estimated methane production and improving selected milk composition parameters in lactating dairy cows.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"58 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149128762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Productive, nutritional, and economic factors associated with the Lactating Cow Feed Cost-to-Milk Revenue Ratio in small-scale dairy farms.","authors":"Oswaldo E Olguín-Juárez, Daniel Trujillo-Gutiérrez, Mario A Espinosa-Martínez, Fernando Villaseñor-González, Eduardo J Cabrera-Torres, Héctor R Vera-Ávila, Luis J Montiel-Olguín","doi":"10.1007/s11250-026-05376-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11250-026-05376-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Small-scale dairy production contribute to food security and rural economies, but face constraints that may compromise their sustainability. This study evaluated the relationship between reproductive performance and economic efficiency using the Lactating Cow Feed Cost-to-Milk Revenue Ratio (CASI), hypothesizing that prolonged lactations associated with poor reproductive performance may increase the feed cost per unit of milk produced, thereby affecting economic efficiency. It also identified productive profiles through cluster analysis. A retrospective observational study analyzed data from 158 dairy farms participating in the Technical Support Program of the Secretaría de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural. Reproductive, productive, nutritional, and economic variables were assessed using Pearson correlations, multiple linear regression, mixed models with interaction terms, and k-means clustering. Mean CASI was 0.58 ± 0.01. Reproductive variables were not directly associated with CASI (P > 0.05). Milk production (r = - 0.504; P < 0.001), milk sale price (r = - 0.222; P = 0.005), and herd size (r = - 0.225; P = 0.005) were negatively associated with CASI, whereas dry matter intake (r = 0.163; P = 0.041) and forage intake (r = 0.191; P = 0.016) were positively associated. The regression model explained 65.5% of CASI variation and identified significant associations with milk production, milk sale price, net energy for lactation, and feeding cost (P < 0.001). Interactions between milk production and days open (P = 0.029) and services per conception (P < 0.001) indicated production-dependent reproductive effects. Three farm profiles differed in scale, intensification, and economic performance. Overall, CASI was mainly associated with productive, nutritional, and feeding-cost variables, suggesting that improving production efficiency, nutritional management, and feed cost control may provide greater economic benefits than improving reproductive performance alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"58 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149127644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal heat stress effects on the physiological, hematological, hormonal and biochemical responses of Tunisian sheep breeds.","authors":"Walid Mâaoui, Jihen Toumi, Mounir Nafti, Mohamed Amine Ferchichi, Zahran Khaldi, Bayrem Jemmali, Hamadi Rouissi, Abderrahmen Ben Gara","doi":"10.1007/s11250-026-05392-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11250-026-05392-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heat stress represents a major environmental constraint affecting sheep production and welfare in Mediterranean and arid regions. This study assessed thermoregulatory, hematological, endocrine and metabolic responses to increasing thermal load in three indigenous Tunisian breeds reared under natural environmental conditions in northern Tunisia. Thirty multiparous ewes belonging to Barbarine (BTR), Queue Fine de l'Ouest (QFO) and Noire de Thibar (NTB) breeds (10 animals/breed) were monitored during three thermal phases corresponding to thermoneutral, mild heat stress and moderate heat stress conditions, defined according to temperature-humidity index (THI) classes. Physiological variables were recorded throughout all thermal phases, whereas hematological, hormonal and biochemical parameters were assessed during thermoneutral and moderate heat stress conditions. Data were analyzed using a repeated-measures mixed linear model including breed, THI class and their interaction as fixed effects and ewe as a random effect, with significance set at P < 0.05. Heat stress significantly increased rectal temperature, respiratory rate, heart rate and skin temperature in all breeds (P < 0.05). NTB ewes exhibited the highest rectal temperature under moderate heat stress, suggesting lower thermotolerance. Moderate heat stress triggered elevations in red blood cell counts, hemoglobin, total protein and cholesterol, whereas glucose, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and alkaline phosphatase decreased (P < 0.05). Plasma thyroxine and cortisol declined in all breeds (P < 0.05). Interestingly, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) was significantly reduced only in NTB ewes (P < 0.05), possibly reflecting a lower threshold or more pronounced down-regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis under severe metabolic adjustments compared to lighter-fleeced local breeds. These findings demonstrate breed-specific adaptive variations essential for optimizing sheep selection and management under Mediterranean climatic shifts.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"58 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149128252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological detection and risk factor association of bovine viral diarrhea in Tibetan yaks.","authors":"Zhenjie Yuan, Ma Zhuo, Yan Wang, Hongcai Ma, Jiangyong Zeng","doi":"10.1007/s11250-026-05367-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11250-026-05367-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is an important pathogen causing substantial economic losses in cattle worldwide, yet its epidemiology in Tibetan yaks remains poorly understood, limiting insight into viral transmission in high‑altitude production systems. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of BVDV in Tibetan yaks and to identify major host‑related risk factors. Using a commercial ELISA kit, we tested 920 serum samples collected from eight cities in Nagqu, Lhasa, and Shigatse, and applied chi‑square tests together with multivariable logistic regression to assess associations between serostatus and epidemiological variables. The overall seroprevalence was 5.11% (95% CI: 3.78-6.74%), indicating relatively limited viral circulation compared with other yak‑raising regions of China. Age was the only significant predictor of infection, with yaks aged three years or younger having 2.36‑fold higher odds of seropositivity than older animals (95% CI: 1.20-5.08; p = 0.02). These findings demonstrate that young yaks represent the most vulnerable group and suggest that BVDV, although present, circulates at a low level in the surveyed regions. Overall, this study provides essential baseline data on BVDV infection in Tibetan yak populations and highlights the need for age‑focused preventive strategies, particularly improved protection of juvenile animals, in future regional control programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"58 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149128759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathology-specific carcass weight penalties and economic losses in slaughtered pigs from Cameroon's Western Highlands: an abattoir surveillance study.","authors":"Ngueguim Derrick Fabrice, Saffo A E Beaudelaire, Kiambom Tracey, Marc K Kouam","doi":"10.1007/s11250-026-05379-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11250-026-05379-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Disease-related carcass losses in pig production systems of Cameroon have not been adequately quantified. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of pathological lesions, quantify their impact on carcass weight, and evaluate associated economic consequences in slaughtered pigs from Cameroon's Western Highlands.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional abattoir survey was conducted from January to April 2022, examining 444 pigs slaughtered in the Menoua Division. Standard post-mortem meat inspection procedures were performed to identify pathological lesions. Zootechnical characteristics (breed, age, sex, origin) were recorded. Hot carcass weight (HCW) was measured immediately after evisceration. Prevalence estimation utilized Wilson 95% confidence intervals. The impact on carcass weight was assessed using Generalized Linear Models (GLM), Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMM) with subdivision as a random effect, and bootstrap quantile regression adjusting for potential confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among recorded conditions, only ascariosis (prevalence: 5.2%, 95% CI: 3.4-7.8%) and erysipelas (prevalence: 1.8%, 95% CI: 0.91-3.54%) were significantly associated with carcass weight reductions, causing penalties of 4.42 kg (95% CI: -8.15 to -0.69 kg, p = 0.020) and 9.01 kg (95% CI: -15.25 to -2.76 kg, p = 0.005), respectively. Based on a standard market price of 2,000 FCFA/kg, per-case financial losses equaled 8,837 FCFA for ascariosis and 18,012 FCFA for erysipelas, translating into an estimated baseline annual divisional loss of 405,657 FCFA. Multi-parameter sensitivity analysis confirmed that losses remain substantial across modeled scenarios, but depend on assumptions, with national worst-case projections exceeding 3 billion FCFA per disease.</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>This study was conducted in a single division of Cameroon and relied on routine macroscopic post-mortem inspection without histopathological confirmation. Findings may not be generalizable to all pig production systems in the country, and the observational nature precludes causal inference.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Routine abattoir surveillance provides a useful operational framework for estimating visible lesions and local economic losses. Strategic deworming and systematic erysipelas vaccination are recommended as high-priority interventions in tropical pig production systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"58 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149127695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular and serological detection of Anaplasma marginale indicates widespread exposure among crossbred cattle in Karnal (Haryana), India.","authors":"Sonika Ahlawat, Monika Sharma, Ajay Singh, Vijay Kumar, Neha Olla, Reena Arora, Rekha Sharma, Anish Yadav","doi":"10.1007/s11250-026-05378-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11250-026-05378-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bovine anaplasmosis, caused by the tick-borne rickettsial pathogen Anaplasma marginale, is a major constraint to cattle health and productivity in tropical and subtropical regions. The present study aimed to investigate the molecular and serological prevalence of A. marginale infection in crossbred cattle from Karnal (Haryana), India, using complementary serological and molecular diagnostic approaches. A total of 150 blood samples were collected from adult female crossbred cattle maintained under different management systems, including organized farms, gaushalas, and field conditions. Serum samples were screened for antibodies against A. marginale using a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) based on the major surface protein 5 (MSP5) antigen, while genomic DNA extracted from whole blood was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the MSP5 gene of A. marginale. Representative PCR amplicons were confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Serological screening revealed a high overall seroprevalence of 92.7% (139/150), indicating widespread exposure to A. marginale among the sampled cattle. In contrast, PCR detected A. marginale DNA in 76.0% (114/150) of the animals. The higher detection rate by cELISA compared with PCR likely reflects persistent antibody responses following previous exposure or infection, whereas PCR identifies animals with detectable bacteremia at the time of sampling. These findings demonstrate a high serological and molecular detection rate of A. marginale among crossbred cattle in the sampled population of Karnal district. The study highlights the value of integrating serological and molecular diagnostic approaches for epidemiological surveillance of bovine anaplasmosis and underscores the importance of effective tick control and routine monitoring to reduce the disease burden in dairy cattle.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"58 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149115492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elimination of a NADC30/NADC34/JX recombinant PRRSV strain from a 5,000-sow breeding herd: a longitudinal intervention study.","authors":"Lei Jiang, Zhen Xu, Lei Wang, Cui Zhao, Jinghui Fan, Yuzhu Zuo","doi":"10.1007/s11250-026-05372-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11250-026-05372-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) remains one of the most economically devastating diseases affecting the global swine industry. This case report describes the successful elimination of a recombinant porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) strain from a 5000-sow PRRS-naïve breeding herd in China. The emergent strain was identified as a recombinant of NADC30-like, NADC34-like, and JX (FJ09) strains based on GP5 gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis, with GenBank accession number PZ303389. Following the initial detection of PRRSV in week 3 of 2025, a systematic elimination program was implemented, including mass vaccination with modified live virus (MLV) vaccine in sows, feedback exposure in gilts, transition to inactivated vaccine in piglets, and strict biosecurity measures such as McREBEL practices in farrowing houses. Longitudinal monitoring was conducted using serological (IDEXX PRRS antibody ELISA) and virological (PCR on processing fluid, colostrum, and environmental samples) assays. The elimination timeline spanned approximately 52 weeks, with processing fluid testing negative for PRRSV RNA by week 37 and the entire herd achieving PRRSV-negative status by week 52. Self-reared replacement gilts were resumed at week 20 of 2026 after 20 consecutive weeks of negative monitoring. Production performance analysis revealed that the outbreak primarily affected weaning numbers for 18 weeks, with the most significant decline occurring between weeks 9-14, while total born numbers remained relatively unaffected. This case demonstrates that a well-designed elimination program combining gradual virus exposure, strategic vaccination, and strict biocontainment can successfully eliminate recombinant PRRSV from large breeding herds without resorting to depopulation-repopulation. These findings provide valuable reference for similar PRRS control and elimination efforts in the field.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"58 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149115509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probiotics supplements on fattening guinea pigs: effects on carcass traits and non-carcass components.","authors":"José E Miranda-Yuquilema, Davinia Sánchez-Macías, Joselin Vizuete-Cajo, Erika Muñoz-Alvear","doi":"10.1007/s11250-026-05365-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11250-026-05365-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The growing demand for animal protein is driving the search for natural alternatives, such as probiotics, following the ban on growth-promoting antibiotics due to bacterial resistance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of including probiotics made from agro-industrial waste fermented with Lactobacillus acidophilus and Kluyveromyces fragilis and their combination on carcass traits, non-carcass components and colour and pH evolution during muscle-to-meat conversion of 90-day-old male guinea pigs. A total of 40 male guinea pigs were randomly assigned to one of four groups: (a) Ct, control group; (b) LA, supplemented with Lactobacillus acidophilus; (c) Kf, supplemented with Kluyveromyces fragilis; (d) LAKf, supplemented with a combination of L. acidophilus and K. fragilis. The combination of L. acidophilus and K. fragilis significantly increased live weight at slaughter compared to the control group, demonstrating synergistic effects between bacterial and yeast probiotics. Carcass yields (HCY and CCY) were not significantly influenced by probiotic supplementation, remaining within the standard ranges for the breed. Tissue composition showed proportional scaling with body weight, and non-carcass components development remained proportional to body size across treatments, indicating that growth benefits were achieved without imposing metabolic stress or requiring compensatory organ hypertrophy. Probiotic supplementation influenced meat colour parameters, particularly reducing yellowness (b*) and improving colour stability during chilling in yeast-containing treatments. The pH evolution during the post-mortem period was not affected by probiotic supplementation, indicating normal glycolytic processes and favourable conditions for meat quality development. These findings support the use of fermented agro-industrial substrates as effective probiotic delivery systems in guinea pig production, offering a sustainable approach that addresses both waste valorisation and animal nutrition challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"58 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149115414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular diversity and detection of pestiviruses across ruminant species in Türkiye.","authors":"Onur Ülgenalp, Eda Erdem-Şahinkesen, Tuba Çiğdem Oğuzoğlu","doi":"10.1007/s11250-026-05356-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11250-026-05356-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pestiviruses have historically been described using host-associated disease names, such as Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus (BVDV) in cattle and Border Disease Virus (BDV) in small ruminants, and are important pathogens causing abortions, congenital anomalies, reproductive failure, and reduced productivity, resulting in substantial economic losses in livestock. This study investigated pestivirus infections in ruminant samples from Türkiye using serological and molecular methods, and RT-PCR-positive samples were further characterized by phylogenetic analysis. A total of 115 ruminant samples were collected from cattle (n = 76), sheep (n = 23), goats (n = 15), and buffalo (n = 1), including 85 samples collected in Türkiye and 30 whole-blood samples obtained from imported animals under quarantine. Antigen ELISA detected 34 positive samples, whereas RT-PCR identified pestiviral RNA in 61 samples. Molecular characterization was performed using primers targeting the 5'UTR, Npro, E2, and NS2-3 genomic regions. Phylogenetic analysis classified the 61 sequences into four pestivirus species: Pestivirus A [BVDV-1f (n = 32), BVDV-1 g (n = 4), BVDV-1 L (n = 7), and BVDV-1v (n = 1)], Pestivirus B [BVDV-2b (n = 1)], Pestivirus D (n = 4), and Pestivirus I (n = 12). Among the positive samples collected in Türkiye (n = 43), Pestivirus A, D, and I were identified, whereas imported animal samples (n = 18) contained Pestivirus A, B, and D. The detection of genetically diverse pestiviruses in both large and small ruminants indicates cross-host occurrence of multiple pestivirus species and subtypes in Türkiye. These findings expand current knowledge of the molecular diversity of pestiviruses circulating in ruminants in Türkiye and provide valuable data to support future surveillance, control, and eradication programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"58 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149115460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}