Tropical animal health and production最新文献

{"title":"Investigation of major genes affecting body weight in hair goats using bayesian segregation analysis.","authors":"Yunus İnan, Burak Karacaoren","doi":"10.1007/s11250-025-04565-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-025-04565-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study is to investigate the presence of major genes affecting body weight in hair goats. The application of Bayesian segregation analysis to big data facilitates more precise identification of intricate genetic structures and variations. This approach offers more profound biological insights through the detection of concealed genetic elements within big datasets. The precise quantification of additive genetic effects is fundamental for achieving sustainable genetic progress through targeted selection. Furthermore, the evaluation of dominance effects offers critical insights into heterozygote advantage, elucidating the mechanisms underlying heterosis and resilience in growth-related traits within livestock populations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To rapidly and accurately identify the presence of major genes, pedigree data and phenotypic data were employed in a Bayesian segregation analysis. For this purpose, 4072 records of body weight were analysed, measured at two different time points (birth weight (Time1) and body weight measured at approximately 100-120 days of age (Time2)). The data set comprised 2036 animals (n = 1038 male, n = 998 female). Gibbs sampling was employed to make statistical inferences regarding posterior distributions. These inferences were based on 20 replications of the Markov chain for each trait, with 100,000 samples collected, with each 500th sample retained due to the high correlation among the samples.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, the estimated error variance, major gene variance, polygenic variance, dominance effect, and additive genetic effect were determined through Bayesian segregation analysis. The dominance effect (-1.797) was found to be smaller than the additive genetic effect (3.594) for birth weight, whereas for body weight at 4 months of age, the dominance effect (55.902) was found to be higher than the additive genetic variance (54.988). The polygenic and major gene heritabilities were estimated to be 0.51 (± 0.56) and 0.81 (± 0.91) for body weight, and 0.44 (± 0.55) and 0.86 (± 0.93) for body weight at four months of age, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of this study indicate that the 95% highest posterior density regions (HPDs) for the major gene parameter, particularly for the major gene variance, do not include 0, indicating the statistical significance of the major gene component.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"57 6","pages":"300"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144627182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential of the combination of acid and alkaline proteases on amino acid digestibility in broiler diets.","authors":"Maiara Sulzbach Marchiori, Larissa E H Bourckhardt, Jessica L F Lima, Antony Comin, Taeline Zamboni, Marcel M Boiago, Diovani Paiano, Aleksandro S Da Silva","doi":"10.1007/s11250-025-04546-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-025-04546-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to evaluate the effects of including a blend of acid and alkaline proteases in broiler diets on performance parameters, nutrient digestibility, and intestinal morphology. A total of 180 chicks were divided into the following groups: Positive Control (PC), Negative Control (with 8% reduction in crude protein-NC), and NC + blend proteases (BP) at 125 g/t (BP125). On days 1 and 21, the broilers and the feed were weighed for performance analysis, and a digestibility test was performed from days 17 to 21. The highest body weight and weight gain were observed in the broilers of the PC and BP125 groups (P = 0.001). The addition of protease to the diet (BP125) increased the ADC of crude protein, which was statistically similar to the PC group; both were higher than those observed in the NC group. We observed that the BP125 group had more excellent digestibility of the amino acids of serine (P = 0.032), threonine (P = 0.050), valine (P = 0.042), methionine (P = 0.050), cysteine (P = 0.012), arginine (P < 0.001) and tryptophan (P = 0.05) when compared to NC; but similar to PC group. It was also possible to observe a better villus and crypt ratio when protease was used in a low-protein diet (P = 0.05). These findings suggest that protease supplementation improves nutrient utilization and performance in low-protein diets.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"57 6","pages":"298"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144627184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nitrate and nitrite acute poisoning in feedlot cattle caused by ingestion of Portulaca oleracea.","authors":"Emiliano Sosa, Ignacio Azaldegui, Joaquín Barale, Hernán Sainz Rozas, Valeria Scioli, Juan Poo, Adriana Lauro, Florencia Ovelar, Martina Pachiani, Juan Agustín García, Germán Cantón","doi":"10.1007/s11250-025-04555-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-025-04555-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"57 6","pages":"299"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144627183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breeding practices, reproduction and milk production performances of indigenous goats raised in rural communities in Gamo Zone, Southern Ethiopia: a contribution to sustainable small-scale goat farming.","authors":"Chencha Chebo, Antehun Getachew, Yisehak Kechero","doi":"10.1007/s11250-025-04543-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-025-04543-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Indigenous goats in tropical regions are adapted to diverse ecological and management conditions, providing significant benefits to millions of rural communities. This study examined the current indigenous goat breeding practices and performances in four rural districts of Gamo zone. Data were collected through an on-farm survey and repeated recordings from 180 goat-keeping households and analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics as well as indexed ranking. The study showed that, meat production, selling live goats as a source of cash income, and saving assets were identified and ranked as the major purposes of goat keeping. Uncontrolled natural mating (93.9%) was predominantly practiced goat breeding system in the study districts. Both economic and adaptive traits were considered by farmers during breeding stock selection. However, poor-performing goats are culled through selling, slaughtering, or castration. The estimated inbreeding coefficient (0.0005) indicated that there was availability of sufficient breeding stocks and no inbreeding problem in the studied goat populations. Moreover, the majority of the reproductive performance indicators and milk off-take exhibited a significant variation across study districts (p ≤ 0.05), showing high indexes of reproduction performance (young ages at puberty, mating and kidding, high litter size, longevity of life, and reproductive age) and better daily milk yield and lactation length. Thus, the study provided valuable insights on productive performances, breeding stock selection, and culling practices, which would allow improving the livelihood of farmers and would eventually contribute to the national economy. Further research was suggested to investigate the consumer-preferred meat quality of Garda Marta and Arba Minch Zuria goats and a selective breeding tied with a community-based breeding approach to improve unplanned breeding and boost overall performances.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"57 6","pages":"297"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144620666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ruminant and human brucellosis situation in Türkiye and the Caucasus.","authors":"Ipek Keskin Fernandez-Georges, Sheina Macy Manalo, Margarida Arede, Giovanna Ciaravino, Daniel Beltrán-Alcrudo, Jordi Casal, Eran Raizman, Jeyhun Aliyev, Tengiz Chaligava, Tigran Markosyan, Alberto Allepuz","doi":"10.1007/s11250-025-04525-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11250-025-04525-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brucellosis, a disease caused by Brucella spp., is one of the most prevalent zoonoses in the world and remains endemic in the Mediterranean Basin, the Near East, South America, and parts of Africa. Given the negative impact it has on public and animal health, food safety and livelihoods, sustained campaigns for its control and eradication are crucial. This study aimed to provide a better understanding of brucellosis status in domestic ruminants in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia and Türkiye by looking into the spatial and temporal distribution of the disease in terms of the standardized morbidity ratio/standardized incidence ratio (SMR/SIR), as well as the distribution in humans (SIR). The results of this study highlight areas of higher risk of disease in ruminants, especially near border areas between endemic countries, and the uneven distribution of human cases. Factors that hamper the control of brucellosis in Türkiye and the Caucasus include a lack of sustained funding and adequate animal identification and traceability systems (NAITSs) to identify animals for disease management interventions (i.e., vaccination, test-and-slaughter) and allow for the effective control of animal movement and trade within the countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"57 6","pages":"296"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12254074/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144609702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Population and pedigree structure analysis unveils the high genetic diversity in the Murrah buffalo population.","authors":"Supriya Chhotaray, Sanjay Kumar, Snehasmita Panda, Tirtha Kumar Datta","doi":"10.1007/s11250-025-04532-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-025-04532-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Murrah buffalo a high producing milch breed, significantly contributes to India's dairy industry, making it world's leading milk producing country, however receives a narrow focus in genetic improvement programs due to lack of sufficient information on the genetic architecture of its population. The present study aimed at analysing the pedigree and population structure of the Murrah buffalo herd maintained at the ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes (ICAR-CIRB), Hisar, India. The herd serves as a nucleus population for genetic improvement programs, with systematic sire selection based on progeny testing. Pedigree analysis of 1,850 buffaloes revealed a mean equivalent complete generation (ECG) of 1.36 with a maximum of 5 generations traced. Pedigree completeness exceeded 50% up to two generations back, reflecting challenges in retrieving older data. The effective population size ( <math><mrow><mi>N</mi> <mtext>e</mtext></mrow> </math> ) was 281 ± 91, indicating high genetic diversity (GD = 0.996) and narrower bottlenecks ( <math><mrow><mi>f</mi> <mtext>e</mtext> <mo>/</mo> <mi>f</mi> <mtext>a</mtext> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1.03</mn></mrow> </math> ). Overall inbreeding in the herd was found to be low, with only 0.32% of the population exhibiting an inbreeding coefficient above 12.5%. The generation interval averaged 4.9 years, with the longest interval observed in the dam-to-son pathway. These findings highlight the genetic variability and low inbreeding in the herd, making it suitable for future advanced selection programs aimed at enhancing genetic gains without significant loss of diversity.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"57 6","pages":"295"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144592442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative analysis of yearling traits in Senepol cattle carrying the slick hair gene.","authors":"Christhian Borges de Souza, Andrea Gondo, Simone Eliza Facioni Guimarães, Gabrielle Lemes Andrade, Gilberto Romeiro de Oliveira Menezes","doi":"10.1007/s11250-025-04542-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-025-04542-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Senepol cattle carrying the slick hair gene are phenotypically characterized by short and sleek hair, which increases resistance to heat stress. To assess the impact of the slick hair genotype on growth, carcass, precocity, and feed efficiency traits, records from 5,176 purebred Senepol cattle undergoing commercial performance tests in Brazil were used. The animals were classified as homozygous for slick hair (SS) and heterozygous (Ss) and non-carriers (ss). The phenotypic results showed that heterozygous individuals were superior (P < 0.05) for yearling weight compared to others. When the results were expressed as expected progeny difference, Ss individuals were superior to SS individuals (P < 0.05) for yearling weight. While for ribeye area, SS individuals were superior (P < 0.05) compared to ss. In conclusion, genetic improvement programs for the Senepol breed should focus on strategies that promote the slick hair phenotype, to improve adaptability to tropical conditions without compromising progress in other traits.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"57 6","pages":"294"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144584991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth performance and carcass, gastrointestinal tract, meat quality, and serological properties of broiler chickens fed diets supplemented with tropical Açaí (Euterpe oleracea) fruit extract.","authors":"Canan Kop Bozbay, Esma Barasoğlu, Gamze Yigit Arpacıoğlu, Nuh Ocak","doi":"10.1007/s11250-025-04545-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-025-04545-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the effects of lyophilized ethanolic açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) fruit extract (AFE) as a growth promoter on growth performance and the carcass, gastrointestinal tract, meat quality, and serological properties of broiler chickens. In total, 576 mixed-sex Ross 308 broilers were randomly assigned to four treatments with six replications of 24 birds. A control group received an additive-free diet (AFE0), while test groups received basal diets supplemented with 2.5 g (AFE2.5), 5 g (AFE5), or 10 g (AFE10) of AFE per kg. Up to 42 days of age, the AFE2.5 and AFE5 diets increased body weight gain, while the AFE5 diet improved the feed conversion ratio, European Production Efficiency Factor, and carcass weight compared to the AFE0 diet (p < 0.05). Dry matter, protein, and fat contents in breast and thigh meats were not affected by dietary AFE (p > 0.05), but their ash content increased (p < 0.05). The AFE5 diet increased the thigh meat's pH and redness (a*), while the AFE10 diet decreased its lightness (L*) (p < 0.05). While dietary AFE reduced serum aspartate aminotransferase levels and the small intestines' relative weight, the AFE5 and AFE10 diets also decreased serum glucose concentrations compared to the AFE0 diet (p < 0.05). The AFE5 diet decreased the low-density lipoprotein concentration and the relative lengths of the entire gastrointestinal tract and small intestine (p < 0.05). In conclusion, supplementing broiler diets with 5 g/kg of AFE positively influenced growth performance by improving small intestine development and serological properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"57 6","pages":"293"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144584906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Has the epidemiologic conundrum of Rift Valley fever changed?","authors":"Fredrick Kivaria, Gerald Mucheru, Mark Caudell, Charles Bebay","doi":"10.1007/s11250-025-04531-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-025-04531-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rift Valley fever (RVF) is an acute, vector-borne viral zoonotic disease primarily affecting cattle, sheep, goats, and camels with significant public health and socio-economic impacts. The disease, caused by the Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV), has a complex epidemiology involving multiple vertebrate hosts and mosquito vectors. RVF outbreaks are often associated with prolonged rainfall and flooding, leading to periodic epizootics in endemic regions and potential spread to new areas. Despite its severe consequences, RVF has historically received inadequate attention in international public health efforts. However, its recent classification as a potential bioterrorism agent has spurred global interest in diagnostics and vaccine development. The disease's epidemiology is further complicated by factors such as climate change, uncontrolled urbanization, and increased global movement of livestock. An important aspect of RVF's epidemiology is the observed epidemiologic shift, characterized by changes in disease patterns, mortality rates, and the dynamics of virus transmission. Effective control and prevention of RVF require a multifaceted approach, including vaccination, vector control, and public education. The One Health approach, which promotes multisectoral and multidisciplinary collaboration, is essential for addressing the complex epidemiological pathways of RVF. Future research should focus on understanding the disease's dynamics during inter-epidemic periods, improving surveillance systems, and developing effective vaccines and therapeutics. Strengthening preparedness and response capacities in affected regions is crucial to mitigate the impacts of potential RVF outbreaks.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"57 6","pages":"292"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144529641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"India's public health risk from the emerging zoonotic bird flu (H5N1) transmission from backyard flock: a call for people-centric actions for improved sustainable development goals.","authors":"Abhijit Poddar, S R Rao","doi":"10.1007/s11250-025-04534-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-025-04534-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The escalating global circulation of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N1) viruses, particularly genotype D1.1 within clade 2.3.4.4b, and their increasing transmission to diverse mammal populations and sporadic human cases represent a significant and evolving international public health threat. Recent developments across various continents illustrate this risk, including the emergence and spread of genotypes like D1.1 in North America linked to outbreaks in dairy cattle and poultry, with associated human infections in the United States and Canada. This dynamic global situation poses a significant transboundary transmission risk to India, particularly given the country's position along migratory Central Asian bird routes. Moreover, India's large and unorganized backyard poultry sector, coupled with limited biosecurity measures, the unavailability of vaccines, and weaknesses in public health infrastructure, amplifies the risk of zoonotic transmission, primarily risking the health and livelihoods of over 300 million people engaged in this farming. Therefore, India needs an integrated approach that is localized and \"bottom-up\", paying special attention to the needs of economically backward sections. This strategy should prioritize risk-based culling, engaging local farmers, promoting cost-effective farm biosecurity measures, incentivizing reporting of suspected cases, and integrating technologies like mobile apps and AI-driven monitoring for better surveillance. This combination of local engagement, technology, and public health preparedness is crucial for mitigating the risk of future outbreaks and protecting both animal and human health while advancing the Sustainable Development Goals.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"57 6","pages":"291"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144529642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}