Tropical animal health and production最新文献

{"title":"Effect of dietary utilization of a mixture of tropical tree foliage leaves on growth performance, nutrient utilization, blood biochemistry, and immune status of goats.","authors":"Imran Ahmed Ganai, Ramesh Kumar Sharma, Anand Kumar Pathak, Nazam Khan, Ankur Rastogi, Qazi Shehriyar Sahib","doi":"10.1007/s11250-024-04257-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11250-024-04257-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The global goat population continues to grow, and simultaneously, fodder demand is increasing, despite the fact that feed resources are limited, and thus, new unconventional feed resources should be explored. The present study focuses on the nutrient utilization of ten top feeds viz. Acacia nilotica, Celtis australis, Ficus palmata, Ficus religiosa, Grewia optiva, Melia azadarach, Morus alba, Quercus incana, Salix alba and Zizyphus jujuba. Twelve adult, non-descript local male goats (27.02 ± 2.93 kg, 14 ± 2 months old) were randomly assigned to two equal groups. The control group was fed a conventional concentrate mixture (CON), while the treatment group received a leaf meal-based concentrate mixture (LMM). Both groups were provided ad libitum access to wheat straw as forage. The outcome of body weight changes revealed non-significant (P > 0.05) variations between groups. The dry matter intake (DMI), organic matter intake (OMI), and balance of nutrients (viz. calcium, phosphorus and nitrogen) showed non-significant differences (P > 0.05) between groups. The digestibility of all the nutrients were similar between groups. All the blood biochemicals were within normal physiological range without any significant difference (P > 0.05) between dietary treatments. The animals provided with LMM based rations showed better humoral immune response, however, cell-mediated immune (CMI) response was similar (P > 0.05) among both groups. So, it can be concluded that leaf meal mixture can be incorporated up to 15% level in the concentrate mixture of adult goats without affecting their nutrient intake, nutrient digestibility, blood-biochemical profile, and cell-mediated immune response, with better humoral immune response.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"57 1","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142865590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of synbiotic on growth performance, histo-architectural modulation of lymphoid organ, hematology, blood biochemistry and humoral immune response in naked neck chicken.","authors":"Hemayet Hossain, Harimurti Nuradji, Mohammad Yousuf Miah, Muhammad Nazrul Islam, Md Saiful Islam Siddiqui","doi":"10.1007/s11250-024-04254-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11250-024-04254-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Synbiotics, which synergistically enhance the development and activity of beneficial bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract, play a crucial role in the growth and production of chickens. However, their effects on lymphoid organs and immunity in Naked Neck (NN) chickens are not well understood. This experiment aimed to investigate the effects of synbiotics on growth performance, histo-architecture of lymphoid organs, hematology, serum biochemistry, and immunity in NN chickens in Bangladesh. In a randomized controlled trial, 120 day-old Naked Neck chicks (60 males, 60 females) were randomly assigned to four different treatments (T₀M, T₀F, T₁M, T₁F), with six replications per treatment over an 84-day experimental trial. The control group received a commercial diet, while the treatment group was given a commercial diet supplemented with a synbiotic (Protexin®: 1 ml/L + Prebiotic Inulin-FOS: 2 g/L). Blood samples were collected on days 14, 28, 42, and 56 for hematobiochemical parameters and humoral immune response assessment, while immune organs were collected on 84th day for histomorphometric analyses. The growth performance revealed synbiotic treated group showed significantly higher weight gain with lowest FCR on T₁M. Similarly, synbiotic-treated chickens showed significantly (P < 0.05) higher weight and organosomatic indices of the bursa and thymus. Histomorphometric analysis revealed an increased aggregation of B and T lymphocytes, as well as a greater number of aggregated lymphoid nodules in the treated group. Synbiotic-treated chickens also exhibited increased RBC, WBC, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and lymphocyte percentage, along with higher levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and significantly (P < 0.01) lower cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Immunologically, synbiotic-treated NN chickens showed significantly higher antibody titers against Newcastle disease on days 42 and 56. Synbiotic supplementation positively impacted lymphoid organ histomorphometry, hematobiochemical parameters, and immune responses in NN chickens.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"57 1","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142865591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surveillance of Schmallenberg virus in cattle populations in Northeastern Brazil.","authors":"Jana Kelly Dos Santos, Sergio Alves do Nascimento, Karla Patrícia Chaves Silva, Elizabeth Sampaio Medeiros, Rita Cássia de Carvalho Maia, José Wilton Pinheiro Junior","doi":"10.1007/s11250-024-04255-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11250-024-04255-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of this study was to conduct a serological investigation of Schmallenberg virus (SBV) infection in cattle raised in the State of Alagoas. A total of 460 serum samples from the Agricultural Defense Agency of Alagoas (ADEAL) serum bank were analyzed. These samples were collected from unvaccinated cattle on 100 properties across 99 municipalities in Alagoas, representing the three mesoregions: Agreste, Leste, and Sertão. Serological diagnosis was performed using commercial indirect Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kit. The results showed that 0.87% (4 out of 460) of the samples yielded questionable results in the indirect ELISA (with calculated percentages > 50.00% and ≤ 60.00%). Upon further testing with competitive ELISA, only one sample tested positive. These findings underscore the need to strengthen regional surveillance and control strategies for emerging pathogens. Additionally, further studies, including viral isolation from both ruminants and vectors, are crucial to confirm the circulation of this pathogen. Such comprehensive investigations are essential for improving our understanding of SBV dynamics and for developing effective control measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"57 1","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142855277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive study of the fatty acid composition, thermal and some physicochemical properties of abdominal and subcutaneous fats of Linda, Mast and Turkish geese.","authors":"Tudi Ainiwaer, Ali Samet Babaoğlu, Kubra Unal, Mustafa Karakaya","doi":"10.1007/s11250-024-04248-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11250-024-04248-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined the chemical composition, including moisture content, total fat, iodine value, melting point, saponification number, differential scanning calorimetry, fatty acid profiles, and color values (L*, a*, b*), in abdominal (A) and subcutaneous (S) fat of 15-week-old geese from three female varieties: Turkish (Lo), Linda (Li), and Mast (Ma). Results showed significantly higher moisture content in Lo-S compared to abdominal fats (P < 0.05), with consistent fat contents among goose varieties in abdominal fats. Iodine value (IV), melting point (MP), and color values did not differ significantly across varieties within fat types (P > 0.05). The Ma-A group exhibited the lowest saponification number (SN). Lo-S, Li-S, and Ma-S displayed higher onset and peak temperatures than abdominal fats across all groups. Li-A exhibited the highest levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and an optimal PUFA/SFA ratio (P < 0.05), and Li-S demonstrated the lowest Atherogenic Index (AI), supporting its health-promoting profile. Additionally, Ma-S showed elevated levels of unsaturated fatty acids (UFA), a high nutritive value index, and a favorable AI value (P < 0.05), indicating its suitability for heart-healthy diets. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) identified PC1 with associations to SFA, palmitic acid, iodine value, myristic acid, and a*, while PC2 emphasized total fat content and melting point as pivotal factors. These findings underscore distinct chemical profiles of abdominal and subcutaneous fats in different goose varieties, revealing variations in fatty acid composition and thermal properties. Overall, Li-S, Li-A, and Ma-S fats emerged as optimal choices for consumers seeking healthful dietary fats.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"57 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142847814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structured lipids from fish viscera and coconut oils improve weight gain and intestinal morphology of piglets at nursery phase.","authors":"Rennan Rômullo Silva Pinheiro, Pedro Henrique Watanabe, Lina Raquel Santos Araújo, Ingrid Barbosa de Mendonça, João José de Mesquita Sales, Marcelo Emersom Costa Santos, Leonardo Augusto Fonseca Pascoal, Ricardo Romão Guerra, Jonathan Madson Dos Santos Almeida, Ednardo Rodrigues Freitas","doi":"10.1007/s11250-024-04235-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11250-024-04235-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Five metabolism assays were performed to determine the metabolizable energy (ME) content of soybean oil, coconut oil, fish viscera oil, physical mixture of coconut oil and fish viscera oil (3:2, in kg: kg) and structured lipid prepared from interesterification of fish viscera oil and coconut oil (3: 2, in kg: kg), and one assay to evaluate the effects of including these lipid sources in piglet diets on performance, digestibility of diets, incidence of diarrhea and intestinal morphometry at nursery phase. Soybean, coconut, fish viscera, physical mixture and structured lipid oils showed ME values of 8239, 8199, 8839, 8268 and 8523 kcal/kg DM respectively. In the performance trial, a total of 90 piglets with 23 days of age were distributed among 5 diets, differing in the lipid source used (soybean oil, coconut oil, fish viscera oil, physical mixture or structured lipid). Piglets fed diet containing structured lipid showed better feed conversion, higher duodenal goblet cell number and jejunal absorption area (P < 0.05), with better digestibility of ether extract and energy of diets. Interesterification of lipid sources such as coconut oil and fish viscera oil improves intestinal morphology, positively influencing the performance of piglets at nursery phase.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"56 9","pages":"403"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142802125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gene expression profiling of indigenous Tharparkar and crossbred Vrindavani cattle affected with lameness using PBMC model.","authors":"Amit Baranwal, Sheikh Firdous Ahmad, Ravi Kumar Gandham, C S Celus, Gyanendra Kumar Gaur","doi":"10.1007/s11250-024-04236-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11250-024-04236-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lameness is an economically significant, production-limiting syndrome that adversely affects the (re)production performance of animals besides deteriorating the quantity and quality aspects of milk in dairy cattle. The present study aimed to explore the potential biomarkers for painful foot lesions in indigenous Tharparkar and crossbred Vrindavani cattle affected with lameness. The differentially expressed genes in lame versus healthy animals were elucidated using microarray analysis and validated them by qRT-PCR. On microarray analysis, 504 genes were differentially expressed in lame crossbred cattle as compared to healthy counterparts. Similarly, 991 genes were differentially expressed in lame crossbred cattle as compared to the healthy Tharparkar animals. Various genes such as BOLA-DQA3, BOLA-DQA1, CCL4, CCR1, CCRL2, CXCL2, CXCL3, CXCL8, IL1A, IL1B, MMP-9 and SLC11A1 were common between both the comparisons (crossbred lame vs. crossbred normal cattle; and crossbred lame vs. normal Tharparkar cattle). The results revealed downregulation of multiple pro-inflammatory cytokines. Validation using qRT-PCR showed high correlation with the microarray results, except for the IRAK1 gene. The functional annotation and gene network analysis revealed involvement of various processes including inflammation, immunology, apoptosis, cell proliferation and cytoskeleton organization. The Ingenuity pathway analysis revealed three inhibited pathways in the comparison between lame and normal (healthy) crossbred cattle i.e., HMGB1-signalling pathway, Aryl hydrocarbon receptor signalling pathway, and Mitotic roles of pol-like kinase. Whereas, on comparison of lame crossbred with healthy Tharparkar cattle, the Situin signalling pathway was inhibited; the LxR/RxR activation pathway was activated. The results from microarray analysis, identifying differential expressed genes provides valuable insights into the development of molecular biomarkers for early detection of lameness-affected animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"56 9","pages":"402"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142792596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Partial replacement of corn grain with levels of crude glycerin on feed intake, digestibility, ruminal fermentation, nitrogen utilization, and performance of feedlot lambs.","authors":"Ricardo Sérgio Fioravanti Filho, Lucas Rocha Rebelo, Morgana Zanchetin, Abias Santos Silva, Nelcino Francisco de Paula, Joanis Tilemahos Zervoudakis, Luciano da Silva Cabral, Rosemary Laís Galati","doi":"10.1007/s11250-024-04245-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11250-024-04245-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to evaluate the effects of replacing corn grain with increasing levels (0, 50, 100, 200 g kg^-1 of dry matter) of crude glycerin (GLY) on feed intake, digestibility, ruminal fermentation, nitrogen utilization, blood glucose and performance of male lambs fed a high-concentrate diet. Five castrated adult rumen-cannulated male lambs (30.3 ± 3.12 body weight) were used in a 5 × 5 Latin square design to evaluate metabolism parameters. Forty lambs (22.3 ± 3.8 kg body weight) were used in a randomized block design for performance evaluation. Diets contained 25 g kg^-1 sugarcane bagasse (Saccharum officinarum L.) and 75 g kg^-1 concentrate. There was a quadratic effect (P = 0.03) of GLY on the intakes of DM and neutral detergent fiber (P = 0.01). Increasing GLY levels did not affect (P > 0.05) nutrient digestibility and decreased linearly (P < 0.01) the ruminal acetate. Ruminal propionate, acetate: propionate ratio, and the efficiency of microbial protein synthesis were quadratically affected (P < 0.05) by GLY levels. Feeding GLY at 150 g kg^-1 DM increased microbial efficiency but did not affect lamb performance and feed conversion (P > 0.05). The partial replacement of corn grain with crude glycerin at 150 g kg^-1 DM did not adversely affect the intake and digestibility of nutrients and nitrogen utilization, nor did it impact body weight gains. Therefore, it can be considered as an alternative method to optimize feed costs while maintaining performance in finishing lambs fed a high-concentrate diet.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"56 9","pages":"401"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142787126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Milk production and composition in warm-climate regions: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Mohamed Rashid, Hadeer M Aboshady, Rania Agamy, Harry Archimede","doi":"10.1007/s11250-024-04247-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11250-024-04247-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"56 9","pages":"400"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11611989/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142772630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pakistan sheep industry its constrains and future trends.","authors":"Naseer Ahmad, Hao Yuan, Zhongshi Zhu, Tingting Chu, Jiaxin Liu, Yuxuan Song","doi":"10.1007/s11250-024-04246-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11250-024-04246-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review article provides a comprehensive analysis of the sheep industry in Pakistan, focusing on its constraints and future trends. The article provides insights into the importance of sheep farming in Pakistan's agricultural sector and rural economy by analyzing historical changes, current status, and emerging issues. The article provides a detailed discussion of the primary obstacles that the industry encounters, such as insufficient infrastructure, restricted availability of veterinary services, fluctuating markets, and environmental issues. The article additionally analyzes future trends and potential for the sustainable growth and resilience of Pakistan's sheep industry. It emphasizes the importance of specific interventions and policy measures to overcome challenges in the sector and take advantage of new opportunities.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"56 9","pages":"399"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142755703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic parameter estimation of preweaning growth traits in Akkaraman sheep.","authors":"Yunus Arzik, Sedat Behrem, Çağrı Melikşah Sakar, Ilker Unal","doi":"10.1007/s11250-024-04239-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11250-024-04239-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to evaluate (co)variance components and heritability of pre-weaning body weight traits and the Kleiber ratio in Akkaraman sheep. Data collected between 2018 and 2023 from Çankırı province, Türkiye, formed the basis of this research. The considered traits were birth weight (BW), weaning weight (WW), average pre-weaning daily weight gain (ADWG), and Kleiber ratio (KR). Utilizing animal mixed models and the average information restricted maximum likelihood (AI-REML) procedure, genetic parameters were estimated. Direct heritability estimates were 0.30 ± 0.02, 0.23 ± 0.02, 0.23 ± 0.02, and 0.28 ± 0.03 for BW, WW, ADWG, and KR, respectively. Maternal genetic heritabilities were 0.03 for WW and 0.02 for WW, ADWG, and KR. Direct genetic correlations among pre-weaning growth traits were negative for BW-WW and BW-ADWG and positive for WW-ADWG at -0.05, -0.23, and 0.98, respectively. The moderate direct heritability estimate suggests the presence of genetic variability in the Akkaraman sheep breed, indicating potential genetic progress through selective breeding. Despite the low maternal permanent environmental effects, the significant impact of maternal care on lamb growth in this breed underscores the importance of considering both direct and maternal effects in the genetic evaluation of early growth traits. The observed negative genetic correlations among birth weight, weaning weight, and daily live weight gain until weaning emphasize the need for careful consideration in selection programs for the Akkaraman breed.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"56 9","pages":"398"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142751828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}