Tropical animal health and production最新文献

{"title":"Standardized body condition scoring system for tropical farm animals (large ruminants, small ruminants, and equines).","authors":"Eric Vall, Mélanie Blanchard, Ollo Sib, Boris Cormary, Eliel González-García","doi":"10.1007/s11250-025-04328-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11250-025-04328-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In tropical regions, subject to significant fluctuations in feedstuffs, the body condition score (BCS) is a relevant indicator for monitoring body reserves status of farm animals. However, the most used BCS grids comes from temperate conditions and still not adapted for tropical species, which limits adoption and usefulness. The current work presents for the first time an original, low-cost, standardized BCS assessment system, suited to a large spectrum of tropical farm animals (zebu and/or crossbred cattle, buffaloes, camel, sheep, goats, horses and donkeys). Based on a rigorous set of uniform criteria for practical, easy-to-use on field conditions, the animal model used to calibrate and validate each grid is the adult female (except the male for horses and donkeys). A six-point BCS grid system is proposed (i.e., from very emaciated -0- to overweighed -5- body conditions), based on visual interpretation of the back and right-lateral sides of each animal. The overall BCS assessment criteria is built on three major anatomical regions (hindquarters; thorax and abdomen; shoulder and neck), and ten related anatomical landmarks, which provide a unique consensual global interpretation of the back and right views. On-field tests of the proposed BCS grids for each animal species revealed acceptable reproducibility with regard to the most conventional, established gold-standards BCS methods (r² = 0.67-0.99). The proposed harmonized BCS is relatively simple and must facilitate the adoption of regular, accurate BCS assessment by adequately trained operators linked to tropical animal production environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"57 2","pages":"106"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11889029/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143574148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogeography and genetic structure of domestic pigs in Uttarakhand and Jharkhand: a mitochondrial DNA perspective.","authors":"Khusbu Sahu, Sandeep Kumar Gupta","doi":"10.1007/s11250-025-04340-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-025-04340-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We aimed to explore the distribution and variation of porcine mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) lineages in northern India, expanding on previous local-scale research by incorporating a broader, global context. A total of 82 domestic pigs samples from Uttarakhand and Jharkhand were sequenced for the mtDNA control region (417 bp) and compared to 1517 published sequences of Sus scrofa from various regions worldwide. The Uttarakhand sequences, previously analyzed in a local context by our research group, were incorporated into this study for a broader global comparative analysis. The analysis revealed complex clustering patterns of 18 haplotypes with distinct phylogeographic signals, reflecting diverse maternal lineages within the domestic pig populations in these two states of India. Two distinct subspecies of wild boar (W1 and W2) were identified, providing strong phylogeographic evidence for their distribution in India. A novel cluster (MC-I), localized to the Chotanagpur plateau, was detected, offering insights into its connection with the D5 cluster. Significantly, the study found evidence for a separate domestication center in the Himalayan foothills, supported by the presence of most Uttarakhand samples in Cluster D3, linking it to ancient human migration and subsequent pig dispersal across the region. The diverse maternal lineages in Uttarakhand may be linked to ancient human migration, suggesting human-mediated dispersal of pigs in the region. These findings contribute to the understanding of Sus scrofa's evolutionary history and global migration patterns, emphasizing the genetic uniqueness of pigs in the Indian subcontinent and its significance in the broader context of porcine genetic resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"57 2","pages":"105"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143574144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic selection, gene editing, and reproductive biotechnology: a triad for the improvement of native buffalo breeds in a developing country perspective like Pakistan.","authors":"Raja Danish Muner, Muhammad Moaeen-Ud-Din, Ali Haider Saleem, Qudrat Ullah, Ghulam Abbas, Babar Maqbool, Masroor Ellahi Babar, Yanzhen Bi, Farhan Farooq","doi":"10.1007/s11250-025-04352-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-025-04352-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pakistan is the 2nd largest country in buffalo population in the world. The current population of buffalo in Pakistan is 45.0 million heads whereas the current world buffalo population is 200 million heads. Pakistan is home to one of the best buffalo breeds in the world i.e., Nili, Ravi, Nili-Ravi, Kundi, and Azi Khaili. Moreover, Pakistan is ranked 2nd largest buffalo-milk-producing country in the world. Keeping in consideration, the tremendous role and importance of buffalo, the current study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the important genetic studies conducted up till now and the need to apply the latest genomic tools, gene editing, and reproductive biotechnologies for the improvement of these native buffalo breeds. The current research is limited to a few diversity studies, basic phylogenetics, evolution, and genetic characterization using only a few loci and phenotypic studies of limited productive traits. The current picture is gloomy as proper genetic characterization and diversity study of these breeds has never been made using reliable, accurate, and advanced genomic techniques. In a developing country like Pakistan where there is no comprehensive data collection coupled with scattered farming without any organized breeding system; genomic selection, gene editing, and application of advanced reproductive biotechnology techniques are the most promising techniques for rapid and sustainable development in the productive and reproductive potential of our Black Gold. Advancement in the methods of genotyping using commercially available SNP Chips at affordable prices along with improvements in reproductive biotechnology and genome editing techniques will provide the framework for the true genetic exploration and optimal utilization of precious native buffalo breeds potential. Conclusively, these techniques have great potential to revolutionize the world's buffalo population.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"57 2","pages":"102"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oregano essential oil and monensin in supplementing cattle on deferred pasture.","authors":"Barbara Pércya Lopes Coelho, Jose Neuman Miranda Neiva, Robert Emilio Mora-Luna, Murilo Exaltação Saúde, Eduardo Pereira Santos, Samuel Gomes Ribeiro Marinho, Raylon Pereira Maciel, Fabrícia Rocha Chaves Miotto","doi":"10.1007/s11250-025-04347-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-025-04347-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of adding oregano essential oil (OEO) and monensin as supplements for Nellore cattle raised on deferred pasture of Urochloa brizantha 'Marandu'. A protein-energy supplement was provided at a rate of 5 g/kg of body weight with the following treatments: Control - no additives, Monensin-60 mg/kg of supplement, OEO3-3 g/animal/day of OEO, and OEO6-6 g/animal/day of OEO. Twenty-four Nellore cattle were used, with an average age of 16 ± 3 months and average weight of 209 kg ± 5.4 kg distributed over 12 paddocks. A completely randomised design was employed with three replications (paddocks). The supplements were added for 84 days split into three 28-day grazing cycles. Animal performance and forage availability were evaluated. There was no interaction between the use of additives and the grazing cycle or the effect of these factors on the variables related to forage (p > 0.05). Additionally, there was no effect from the interaction or the use of additives on body weight, average daily gain, total weight gain and stocking rate (p > 0.05). A reduction in animal performance was seen during the third grazing cycle along with an increase in the stocking rate (p < 0.05). There were no additional gains in terms of performance or productivity per area from the use of OEO or monensin in the protein-energy supplementation of cattle raised on deferred grazing.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"57 2","pages":"103"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Traumatic myiasis in animals from Iraq: a five years (2019-2023) survey, and a comprehensive epidemiological overview.","authors":"Aws Mohammed, Thamer Alkhafaji, Haydar Al-Rubaye, Moustafa Al-Araby, Salah Abu-Elwafa, Ibrahim Abbas","doi":"10.1007/s11250-025-04326-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-025-04326-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study surveyed traumatic myiasis cases admitted to the governmental Veterinary hospitals (belonging to the Iraqi Ministry of Agriculture) distributed throughout Iraq, between 2019 and 2023, and highlights the epidemiological changes occurred in comparison to the previous situation. A total of 916 cases were detected in various animals from nine governorates, with an annual average of 183.2 cases/year, which is lower than the corresponding value estimated for the period 1996-2000 (23,510 cases/year) or for 2001-2018 (811.2 cases/year). Cases peaked during early summer, unlike the earlier surveys during winter, which assumes that the pupal development peaks during spring. Numbers and geographical distribution of the cases suggest emergent infestations in the northern region, persistent endemic infestations in the middle region, and cleared or lowered infestations in the southern region. Out of the 916 cases, sheep (610 cases) had the highest infestations, and the annual number of infested sheep was estimated at 54,000 animals, giving rise to a yearly economic loss mounts greatly over 1.5 million USD. Cattle (172 cases) was the second most frequently infested animal; however, cattle cases declined over years. Forty-four dog cases were detected, mostly in Diyala; nonetheless, dog myiasis is largely underreported in Iraq since millions of dogs live as strays. The Old World screwworm fly accounted for over 90% of the infestations, which underlines its historical role as the major contributor to traumatic myiasis in Iraq. In conclusion, significant changes in the epidemiology of animal traumatic myiasis in Iraq are strongly suggested. The Iraqi authorities should therefore consider these changes in updating various strategies established to effectively combat this economically important disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"57 2","pages":"99"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143567674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heterotic effects on litter traits in crossbreeding experiment involving Egyptian rabbit lines.","authors":"Abdelwahab H Khattab, Mahmoud M Iraqi, Maher H Khalil, Emad M Amin, Ayman G El Nagar","doi":"10.1007/s11250-025-04305-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11250-025-04305-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A four-years crossbreeding experiment was performed involving two synthetic rabbit lines of APRI (A) and Moshtohor (M) where bucks of the APRI line were mated with does of the Moshtohor line to produce F₁ crossbred (½A½M), followed by inter-se mating to obtain F₂ crossbred (½A½M)². A total of 669 litters produced from 184 bucks and 394 does were used in analyzing litter size at birth (LSB) and weaning (LSW), litter weight at birth (LWB) and weaning (LWW) and pre-weaning mortality (PM). Heritability estimates for the targeted traits were low to moderate, ranging from 0.11 to 0.27. APRI line had the lowest range in predicted breeding values (PBVs) for all litter traits. The ranges in PBV for the four genetic groups were high and ranging from 0.59 to 1.0 kit for LSB, 2.4 to 3.0 kit for LSW, 26.5 to 33.9 g for LWB, 411.6 to 515.5 g for LWW and 20.9 to 24.8% for PM. The estimates of direct additive effects (G^I) and maternal effects (G^M) for litter traits were in favour of the Moshtohor line with percentages ranging from 1.2 to 16.3% for G^I and 1.4 to 20.5% for G^M. The estimates of direct heterosis (H^I) and maternal heterosis (H^M) were significantly positive for most litter traits with percentages ranging from 2.4 to 55.8% for H^I and 1.8 to 34.6% for H^M. In practice, it is recommended to use the APRI line as a sire group and Moshtohor line as a dam group in the crossbreeding program to synthesize new synthetic rabbit lines in Egypt.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"57 2","pages":"98"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11885353/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring genetic variants affecting milk production traits through genome-wide association study in Vrindavani crossbred cattle of India.","authors":"Munish Gangwar, Subodh Kumar, Sheikh Firdous Ahmad, Akansha Singh, Swati Agarwal, Anitta P L, Celus C S, Amit Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s11250-025-04348-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-025-04348-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study delves into the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and production performance, employing genome-wide association study (GWAS) approach. A total of 96 randomly selected Vrindavani cows were genotyped with Illumina Bovine 50K BeadChip platform. The study employed a linear regression model within the PLINK program, with an attempt to associate genome-wide SNP markers with key production traits i.e., total lactation milk yield (TLMY), lactation length (LL), and peak yield (PY) across the first three lactations. The study involved mining relevant databases to uncover biological pathways linked to genes and quantitative trait loci (QTLs) affecting production performance of cows. The results revealed 70 SNP markers dispersed across various chromosomes that showed profound impact on the variation in TLMY (21 SNPs), LL (10 SNPs), and PY (39 SNPs). The GWAS approach uncovered novel/ potential candidate genes such as PTPRT, RBMS3, CENPE, IFNT, ESR1, ARMC1, LCORL, MED28, NCAPG, LAP3, MYH9, ITPR2, IFNT, ETV6, PARVB, ARNTL2, and PLA2G12A that showed association with different economic traits. These significant SNPs and genes hold relevance for production traits, besides offering valuable insights into potential biomarkers for enhancing production performance in bovine populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"57 2","pages":"104"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of lipoic acid on performance, slaughter performance, intestinal digestive enzymes and apparent digestibility of nutrients in heat-stressed broilers.","authors":"Jiajun Miao, Kai Song, Xue Qi Zhang, Yongjie Xiong, Fei Yang Ma, Shaojun He","doi":"10.1007/s11250-025-04345-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-025-04345-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to investigate the impact of supplementing α-lipoic acid (ALA) on the growth performance, intestinal digestive enzymes, and apparent digestibility of nutrients in broiler chickens under high ambient temperature. A total of 160 28-day-old Cobb broiler chickens were randomly divided into four groups with four replicates per group and ten chickens per replicate. The experiment employed a 2 × 2 factorial design, consisting of two diets (basal diet or diet supplemented with 250 mg/kg ALA) and two temperature conditions (24 ± 1 ℃ or 33 ± 1 ℃). Starting from day 28, chickens were raised either under thermos neutral conditions (24 ± 1 ℃ from 18:00 to 08:00) or subjected to cyclic heat stress (33 ± 1 ℃ from 08:00 to 18:00 and 24 ± 1 ℃ from 18:00 to 08:00). Feed intake, body weight, and fecal output were recorded from day 28 onwards; with average daily feed intake and average daily weight gain were calculated. Serum biochemical parameters, antioxidant levels, and intestinal enzyme activities were measured on days 35 and 42. In comparison to thermoneutral, heat stress on day 35 decreased feed intake, weight gain, and feed conversion (P < 0.01), increased full bore rate and breast muscle pH (P < 0.05/0.01), reduced digestibility (P < 0.01), and lowered lipase, trypsin levels (P < 0.01). On day 42, heat stress reduced weight gain, increased feed conversion, decreased thigh meat yield, pH, drip loss, with higher shear force (P < 0.05). ALA supplementation on day 35 increased weight gain, breast muscle P value, organic matter digestibility, lipase, and trypsin levels (P < 0.05/0.01). By day 42, ALA had no significant impact (P > 0.05), but showed interaction (P < 0.05), increasing weight gain in heat-stressed chickens (P < 0.05), reducing breast meat yield, increasing shear force, and altering thigh muscle quality (P < 0.05), with higher amylase, trypsin levels (P < 0.05/0.01).In summary, dietary supplementation of ALA improved the apparent digestibility of nutrients in heat-stressed broiler chickens by enhancing digestive enzyme activities, thereby enhancing growth performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"57 2","pages":"101"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of high levels of solvent extracted Camelina sativa meal in diets on performance, blood indices, cecal microorganisms, and nutrient digestibility in broilers.","authors":"Sakine Yalçın, Muhammad Shazaib Ramay, Hüseyin Yalçınkaya, Özlem Kardoğan, Ali Erkurt, Bahadır Kılınç, Emre Sunay Gebeş, Atakan Bundur, Esin Ebru Onbaşılar, Suzan Yalçın, İlhan Subaşı, Celalettin Etkin Şafak, Elif Kocadaş","doi":"10.1007/s11250-025-04339-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11250-025-04339-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to investigate the influence of utilizing high levels of solvent extracted Camelina sativa meal (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz, Arslanbey cultivar) in broilers. A total of 270 Ross 308 male chicks were randomly distributed into five groups. Solvent extracted Camelina sativa meal was used at the levels of 0, 10, 15, 20 and 25%. The trial lasted 42 days. Significant linear reduction was observed in live weight gain, feed consumption, feed efficiency, European Production Efficiency Factor, and carcass yield. The relative weight percentages of the heart, proventriculus, gizzard, and thyroid gland, as well as the heterophils/lymphocyte ratio, serum total cholesterol, albumin, IgA, and IgG levels increased linearly with the use of Camelina sativa meal in the diets. No significant changes were observed in free triiodothyronine (fT3) and free thyroxine (fT4) hormone levels and fT3/fT4 ratio in serum and the counts of E. coli and Lactobacillus in the cecum. Dietary Camelina sativa meal causes a significant reduction in villus height of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. It decreases the villus height/crypt depth ratio in jejunum and ileum and also the digestibility values of dry matter, crude protein, and energy. It is concluded that high levels (10, 15, 20, and 25%) of solvent extracted Camelina sativa meal were not suitable feedstuffs for broiler production.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"57 2","pages":"100"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11885405/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and differential expression analysis of microRNAs in the liver and spleen tissues of Yunnan Zebu and Holstein cattle.","authors":"Rong Liu, Hesong Liu, Rong Li, Chunqing Li, Heng Xiao, Shanyuan Chen","doi":"10.1007/s11250-025-04357-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-025-04357-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Extensive research has shown that miRNAs play a crucial role in regulating biological processes within organisms. This study analyzed miRNAs differentially expressed and potentially associated with immune function and tissue-specific expression in Yunnan Zebu and Holstein cattle. To achieve this, 20 liver and spleen tissue samples from the two cattle breeds were collected for high-throughput miRNA sequencing, with the liver tissue as a reference. The findings revealed that bta-miR-122 and bta-miR-143 are the most abundantly expressed known miRNAs in the liver and spleen tissues of Yunnan Zebu and Holstein cattle, respectively. Additionally, AC_000181.1_27195 and AC_000168.1_14386 emerged as the most highly expressed novel miRNAs in these tissues, exhibiting significant homology with human hsa-miR-3591-3p and hsa-miR-126-3p, respectively. Six differentially expressed miRNAs were selected for validation using stem-loop RT-qPCR, and the results were largely consistent with the high-throughput sequencing data. Functional enrichment analysis of the target genes of these known miRNAs revealed their association with critical metabolic and immune-related pathways in cattle, such as the insulin pathway, mTOR signaling, IFN-γ pathway, and signaling mechanisms mediated by IL5 and IL3. These results enriched the miRNA database for liver and spleen tissues of Yunnan Zebu and Holstein cattle.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"57 2","pages":"96"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143557361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}