Tropical animal health and production最新文献

{"title":"The importance of sheep genetics and diversity: a bibliometric review.","authors":"Concepta McManus, Daniel Pimentel, Vinícius Silva Junqueira, Felipe Pimentel, Vanessa Peripolli","doi":"10.1007/s11250-025-04503-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11250-025-04503-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of published research on sheep genetics and diversity by examining temporal publication trends, identifying thematic patterns through keyword analysis, and exploring citation and collaboration networks. In addition to mapping the evolution of scientific interest in this field, the study evaluates the influence of these research trends on policy development and technological innovation, including patenting activity. By integrating bibliometric indicators with qualitative insights, the study offers a detailed understanding of how research in sheep genetics contributes to the conservation and strategic use of genetic resources. A search of the Scopus database (Elsevier) retrieved over 16,000 papers from more than 1,700 journals. Our findings indicate that the research on this topic is predominantly concentrated in the United States, China, and Australia, with limited data available from countries in Central Africa. This geographical distribution is reflected in funding sources and author affiliations. Major funding sources include China, the European Commission, and Brazil. Leading research institutions are primarily based in Australia, Europe, and New Zealand. More studies are needed in central Africa to address the regional gaps. Small Ruminant Research currently stands as the leading journal in sheep genetics and diversity, closely followed by Animals and Animal Production Science. In the past, however, the Journal of Animal Science and Animal Genetics held more prominence. There is considerable variability in journal impact, with Indian publications generally exhibiting lower impact metrics. Research themes primarily focus on veterinary concerns, including disease resistance, reproduction, and adaptation to climate change. While collaborations between international and academic-corporate partners can enhance the impact of research, the overall level of collaboration remains low. The study also addresses discussions related to policy and patenting, highlighting gaps such as the limited application of findings to local policymaking contexts. Genetic diversity in farm animals is key for resilience, innovation, and sustainability in global food systems. However, there is a significant lack of studies from Central Africa. Major research funding is provided by China, the European Commission, and Brazil, while institutions from Australia, Europe, and New Zealand play a key role. Innovative technologies, such as genomics, are showing a growing research focus. This study highlights the pressing need for diverse research efforts and international collaborations to effectively address global livestock genetics issues.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"57 5","pages":"261"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144267251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forage cactus as a substitute for corn as an energy source in the finishing of feedlot lambs.","authors":"Pedro Henrique Borba Pereira, Juliana Silva de Oliveira, Ricardo Romão Guerra, Ângela Imperiano da Conceição, André Luiz Rodrigues Magalhães, Dulciene Karla de Andrade Silva, Safira Valença Bispo, Geane Gonçalves Dias, Cleyton de Almeida Araújo, Roberta de Lima Valença, Daniel Barros Cardoso, Airon Aparecido Silva de Melo","doi":"10.1007/s11250-025-04502-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11250-025-04502-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated the effects of replacing corn with forage cactus in high-concentrate diets for lambs. We aimed that observe the performance, renal function, blood profile, and histomorphometry characteristics of feedlot lambs. Two experiments were conducted with non-castrated Santa Inês lambs, with average body weights of 19.0 ± 2.5 kg and 32.2 ± 5.1, respectively, and a mean age of 120 days. The lambs were assigned to four treatments with increasing levels of corn and forage cactus (0, 250, 500, and 750 g/kg dry matter) in a randomized block design and completely randomized design. Higher concentrations of forage cactus in high non-fibrous carbohydrate diets compromised intake and apparent digestibility (P < 0.05), and reduced final body weight (P = 0.001). However, hydric balance improved with increased levels of forage cactus in the diet (P < 0.05). Changes in renal physiology included increased urine volume (P = 0.001), urinary pH (P = 0.001), and phosphorus excretion (P = 0.001). Blood metabolites related to energy and protein metabolism showed variations, and diets containing either forage cactus or corn grain modified the width of ruminal papillae and keratinized layers (P < 0.05), causing edema in rumen tissue. In summary, forage cactus can be included at up to 250 g/kg in feedlot lambs' diets, effectively supporting performance and providing a sustainable feeding strategy for Semi-arid regions, where water efficiency is essential.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"57 5","pages":"260"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144267247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discriminating heat stress and feed scarcity in Bali cattle using multivariate trait analysis.","authors":"Ikhsan Suhendro, Ronny Rachman Noor, Jakaria Jakaria, Aeni Nurlatifah, Ahmad Furqon","doi":"10.1007/s11250-025-04508-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11250-025-04508-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Animal production systems are challenged by environmental stressors with heat stress and feed scarcity being the most significant factors affecting production, reproduction, and health status. These concurrent challenges create compounding effects where cattle already struggling with thermoregulation further exacerbates with nutrient deficits.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aims to evaluate and validate the effectiveness of multivariate statistical analysis in accurately discriminating between the effects of feed scarcity and heat stress using physiological and physical traits of Bali cattle as diagnostic markers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Physiological and physical traits of 83 heads of Bali cattle raised with different management systems of heat stress restricted feed (HSRF), heat stress well-feed (HSWF), and temperature normal well-feed (TNWF). Samples were sorted and quality control to ensure data reliability. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify the most influential traits, while Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) and Canonical Discriminant Analysis (CDA) were applied to classify cattle based on management conditions. Clustering analysis further validated the grouping pattern of traits associated with each system.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multivariate analysis effectively distinguished Bali cattle based on management conditions. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) identified rectal temperature (TR) and body weight (BW) as the most influential traits differentiating cattle under varying stressors. Clustering analysis showed a strong grouping pattern corresponding to management systems, confirming that TNWF provided optimal conditions, while HSWF was manageable due to cattle's ability to tolerate a single stressor. However, HSRF negatively impacted cattle performance, as multiple stressors led to physiological strain. Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) and Canonical Discriminant Analysis (CDA) successfully classified cattle within their respective management groups, demonstrating the robustness of multivariate approaches in evaluating adaptation and performance under different environmental conditions. These findings confirm the effectiveness of multivariate analysis in distinguishing cattle under different management systems. The identified key traits reinforce the utility of this approach in improving management strategies to optimize cattle performance and resilience under heat stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"57 5","pages":"263"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144267246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Body development, ingestive behaviour, and physiological responses of Nelore and Crossbred heifers.","authors":"C S Santos, A R D L Souza, A L J Ferraz, F A M Sterza, R V Rohod, M F Castro, L S Amorim, M C E Queiroz, G B Almeida, M V M Oliveira, A R D Santos, D M Oliveira","doi":"10.1007/s11250-025-04515-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11250-025-04515-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated the body development, ingestive behaviour, and physiological responses of Nelore and Crossbred (Nelore × Angus/Senepol) heifers. A total of 20 heifers, approximately 12 months old, were distributed in a randomized block design and categorized into two genotypes: Nelore - 11 heifers; Crossbred (F1 Nelore × Angus/Senepol) - 9 heifers. Nelore heifers exhibited greater withers height, hip height, rump length, and substernal height, whereas Crossbred heifers had higher chest depth and average daily gain values (P < 0.05). In addition, Nelore heifers spent more time feeding and standing idle, while Crossbred heifers spent more time drinking water (P < 0.05). Nelore heifers showed (P < 0.001) higher sweating rate. The superior productive performance of the crossbred heifers, along with the similarity in respiratory and heart rates between the genotypes, highlights that the crossbreeding of Nelore and Angus/Senepol cattle is an effective strategy to boost cattle production in tropical climate regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"57 5","pages":"255"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144258936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of in ovo feeding of Centella asiatica leaf extract on hatchability, morphometric, visceral organs, intestinal morphology, and blood hematology parameters of Indonesian native chicks.","authors":"Arif Darmawan, Rantan Krisnan, Ida Nurul Fajri, Yuniartika Yuniartika, Marina Aisha Lusbiantoro, Ridho Kurniawan Rusli, Cecep Hidayat","doi":"10.1007/s11250-025-04507-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11250-025-04507-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to evaluate the effect of in ovo feeding of Centella asiatica leaf extract on hatchability, physical quality, blood hematology, visceral organs and immunity, and intestinal morphology of native chicks. A total of 300 fertile eggs were used in this study. This study used a completely randomized design with five treatments and six replicates, consisting of 10 fertile Sentul chicken eggs, each replicate. Treatments were uninjected eggs (P0), eggs injected with 0.5 ml PBS (P1), eggs injected with 0.5 ml PBS containing 1 mg (P2), 2 mg (P3), and 4 mg (P4) of Centella asiatica leaf extract. In ovo feeding of Centella asiatica leaf extract up to 4 mg significantly improved (p < 0.05) hatchability, villi height to crypt depth ratio, and leukocytes number, but had no significance (p > 0.05) on hatching weight, morphometric traits, physical score, weights of the proventriculus, gizzard, liver, thymus, colon, and relative length of the small intestine, cecum, and colon, as well as the number of hemoglobin, hematocrit, erythrocytes, leukocyte differentiation and the ratio of heterophils to lymphocytes. In ovo feeding of Centella asiatica leaf extract significantly reduced (p < 0.05) the weight of the heart, gallbladder, spleen, bursa of Fabricius, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, and crypt depth. It is concluded that in ovo feeding of Centella asiatica leaf extract at 4 mg improves the hatchability, immunity, and intestinal health without lowering the physical quality of Sentul chicks.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"57 5","pages":"256"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144258937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review on the identification of sheep breeding objectives, breeding practices and selection criteria among smallholder farmers in Ethiopia.","authors":"Mohammed Yousuf, Kefelegn Kebede, Yesihak Yusuf, Gemeda Duguma, Solomon Abegaz","doi":"10.1007/s11250-025-04497-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11250-025-04497-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this review was to provide and synthesizes scientific knowledge on sheep breeding objectives, practices, and selection criteria among smallholder farmers in Ethiopia, emphasizing the crucial role of indigenous sheep breeds in Ethiopia's agricultural system. Indigenous sheep not only contribute significantly to food security but also play a vital role in the cultural and economic stability of rural communities. Despite their importance, traditional breeding methods often lack integration with modern scientific advancements, hindering productivity and sustainability. To address these challenges, the review emphasizes the need to combine traditional knowledge with modern genetic techniques, particularly through community-based breeding programs. These programs adoptive collaboration between farmers and technical experts, prioritizing economically significant traits aligned with market demands while respecting local practices. Systematic collection and analysis of genetic and phenotypic data are essential to enhance breeding strategies, ensuring genetic improvement and sustainability. A multifaceted approach that integrates traditional practices with scientific advancements is vital for the sustainable development of Ethiopia's sheep sector, ultimately strengthening food security and improving the livelihoods of smallholder farmers.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"57 5","pages":"257"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144258938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Slow-release urea, and propolis in dairy cow diets.","authors":"Carina Caren Santos, Bruna Cardoso Braga, Severino Delmar Junqueira Villela, Raphael Dos Santos Gomes, Lucas Lima Verardo, Cláudio Manoel Teixeira Vitor, Fernando de Paula Leonel","doi":"10.1007/s11250-025-04511-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11250-025-04511-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Using a source of non-protein nitrogen and ionophores can improve microbial efficiency, promoting greater dry matter intake and digestibility, less energy loss, and, consequently, increased milk yield. This study evaluated the performance of crossbred dairy cows receiving diets with different levels of slow-release urea (SRU) with or without propolis extract. Eight multiparous cows (Holstein x Gir) were used, with an initial average body weight of 550 kg in the same lactation period and with an average of 15 kg in milk yield. Cows were distributed into two simultaneous 4 × 4 Latin squares designs. The experiment lasted 84 days and was divided into four 21-day sub-periods. The first 14-d were used to adapt to the diet, while the remaining 7-d were used for data collection. The treatments were: 1) 150 g of SRU (SRU150), 2) 300 g of SRU (SRU300), 3) 150 g of SRU + 20 g of propolis (SRU150P), and 4) 300 g of SRU + 20 g of propolis. The cows were managed on pasture, supplemented with concentrate. The inclusion of propolis extract did not affect dry matter intake, digestibility, milk yield, or composition. The supply of 300 g of slow-release urea promoted an increase in dry matter intake from pasture and reduced concentrate intake without affecting milk yield and composition.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"57 5","pages":"254"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144258939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pistachio by-product biochar as an antibiotic alternative: promoting growth and gut health in Japanese quails (Countrix japonica).","authors":"Omid Zahed, Reza Vakili, Amir Mokhtarpour","doi":"10.1007/s11250-025-04504-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11250-025-04504-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Growing concerns over antibiotic resistance and environmental sustainability have increased the demand for natural alternatives to in-feed antibiotics in poultry production. Biochar offers a novel, eco-friendly solution that may improve animal performance while supporting waste valorization. This study investigated the effect of biochar produced from pistachio by-product (PB) on growth, feed efficiency, and gut health in Japanese quails. Birds were assigned to five dietary treatments including a control diet without additives, a diet with 0.05% flumequine, and diets supplemented with 0.35%, 0.65%, or 1% PB biochar for 35 days. Feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR), carcass traits, nutrient digestibility, intestinal histomorphology, and cecal microbial counts were evaluated. The results showed that final body weight and weight gain significantly increased in birds fed 0.65% biochar compared to the control and flumequine groups (P < 0.05). A trend towards a lower FCR was observed in birds fed 0.65% biochar compared with the control (P = 0.08). Except for the weight of the breast and thigh, none of the carcass traits and internal organs were affected by the treatments (P > 0.05). Preplanned comparisons between control and biochar-treated groups showed that PB biochar significantly increased Lactobacillus populations while reducing E. coli counts in the cecum (P < 0.05). Ileal digestibility of crude protein (CP) and crude fiber (CF) also enhanced with the inclusion of biochar in the diets compared to the control (P < 0.05). Dietary inclusion of PB biochar increased cecal and ileal villus height indicating improved gut morphology (P < 0.05). The optimal inclusion level of PB biochar was found to be 0.65%, which showed significant improvements in growth and digestibility. Overall, this study provides insight into the potential of PB biochar as a promising alternative to antibiotics.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"57 5","pages":"249"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144249795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of clinical and hematological parameters in pregnant ewes naturally infected by Haemonchus contortus.","authors":"Franciele Delevati de Oliveira, Natália Freddo, Natalie Renata Zorzi, Luciana Grazziotin Rossato Grando, Márcio Machado Costa, Wagner Antonio Tamagno, Maria Isabel Botelho Vieira","doi":"10.1007/s11250-025-04513-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11250-025-04513-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of natural infection by Haemonchus contortus in pregnant ewes. Clinical assessments were conducted using the FAMACHA^© method, eggs per gram (EPG), and coproculture. Hematological and biochemical parameters, including cortisol levels, oxidative stress markers, hematocrit (HCT), and total plasma protein (TPP), were also analyzed. A total of 100 sheep naturally infected with H. contortus were used, 50 from the Corriedale breed and 50 from the Ile de France breed. Results indicated an increase in EPG (from 300 to 580 eggs by day 63). H. contortus was the predominant species identified in coproculture. Both breeds showed a proportional reduction in anemia severity as assessed by the FAMACHA© method throughout the experiment. HCT decreased near parturition, reaching 29% in both breeds, but increased by 0.09 units per day postpartum, reflecting physiological adaptations unrelated to parasitism. Hypoproteinemia (6.6 g/dL) was observed during the fourth sampling, coinciding with the rise in EPG. Higher serum cortisol levels were detected in non-anemic ewes (17.84 µg/dL) compared to anemic ones (10.19 µg/dL), particularly in the postpartum period. No significant changes were observed in oxidative stress markers. The study concluded that hypoproteinemia is associated with increased EPG. Even the highest EPG value of 580 eggs was not indicative of a severe parasitic infection. The HCT decreased proportionally between breeds over the course of the study, reaching its lowest value as parturition approached.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"57 5","pages":"251"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144249756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calcium anacardate and citric acid in starter diets for pullets reared on the floor.","authors":"Luana Ledz Costa Vasconcelos Rocha, Rafael Carlos Nepomuceno, Valquíria Sousa Silva, Lidia Sarah Dias Mariano, Francisco Cayo Pereira Gomes, Cirliane de Abreu Freitas, Janaína Serra Azul Monteiro Evangelista, Francisco Antônio Félix Xavier Júnior, Isadora Oliveira de Carvalho, Maria Teresa Salles Trevisan, Ednardo Rodrigues Freitas","doi":"10.1007/s11250-025-04493-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11250-025-04493-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of combinations of calcium anacardate (CaA) and citric acid (CA) in the diet of layers between the 1st and 8th weeks of age, reared on the floor. A total of 960 1-day-age chicks were used in a completely randomized design with 8 treatments and 6 replicates with 20 birds per treatment. The treatments consisted of two control diets, negative (no additives) and positive (with anticoccidial additive-salinomycin), and 6 diets with the combinations: 0.25% CaA + 0.25% CA; 0.50% CaA + 0.25% CA; 0.50% CaA + 0.50% CA; 0.75% CaA + 0.25% CA; 0.75% CaA + 0.50% CA; and 0.75% CaA + 0.75% CA. Performance, intestinal morphometry, blood biochemical parameters and bone quality were assessed. Birds fed the diet containing salinomycin showed lower feed intake, average weight at 8 weeks and weight gain, with no influence of the treatments on feed conversion and uniformity. There was no influence of the treatments on the morphometry parameters in the duodenum, however, it was observed that in the jejunum and ileum, the birds fed diets containing the different combinations of CaA + CA had the lowest crypt width values. The addition of CaA + CA reduced the concentration of uric acid in the blood and the treatment with salinomycin affected bone quality. Therefore, the use of salinomycin is not recommended for layers in the growth phase, while the combination of 0.25% CaA + 0.25% CA can be used safely for these animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"57 5","pages":"253"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144249755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}