Tropical animal health and production最新文献

{"title":"Co-ensiling pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) peels and molasses with berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) alters fermentation quality, nutrient composition, ruminal fermentation and methane production in buffalo bulls in-vitro.","authors":"Mariam G Ahmed, Samir Z El-Zarkouny, Adham A Al-Sagheer, Eman A Elwakeel","doi":"10.1007/s11250-024-04259-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11250-024-04259-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pomegranate peels are an industrial by-product high in sugar and phytochemical content and pose an environmental concern. Meanwhile, ensiling legume forage such as berseem is difficult due to its lower dry matter content and water-soluble carbohydrate-to-buffering capacity ratio, which leads to a poor fermentation process. To date, no studies have been conducted to investigate the effect of co-ensiling pomegranate peels with berseem. Thus, silage quality was evaluated after co-ensiling of berseem (control) with 50, 100, and 200 g/kg pomegranate peels or 50 g/kg molasses for 0, 15, 30, and 45 days (Experiment 1). Further, rumen nutrient degradation, methane production, and rumen fermentation parameters were evaluated in vitro (Experiment 2). Pomegranate peels (200 g/kg) and molasses reduced silage pH compared to control (4.41 or 3.79 vs. 5.02), ammonia-N (2.66 or 3.14 vs. 13.39 g/kg N), and butyric acid (0.05 or 0.1 vs. 0.96 g/kg DM) however, dry matter (323.5 or 283.6 vs. 212.8) and non-fiber carbohydrates (264.8 or 351.8 vs.136.9 g/kg) were increased, respectively. Pomegranate peels and molasses significantly (P < 0.05) increased rumen nutrient degradation and significantly (P < 0.05) decreased methane and ammonia-N production (Experiment 2). The chemical composition of silage, in-vitro rumen fermentation, and silage quality parameters were significantly (P < 0.05) correlated. Pomegranate peels and molasses have potentially improved silage quality and positively influenced rumen fermentation parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"57 1","pages":"21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11711153/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142955608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth performance, carcass traits, meat composition, digestibility coefficients and caecal microbiota of growing rabbits fed diets supplemented with a herbal mixture.","authors":"Diaa E Abou-Kassem, Elwy A Ashour, Khalid M Mahrose, Islam M Youssef, Guillermo Tellez-Isaias, Ayman A Swelum, Mohamed E Abd El-Hack","doi":"10.1007/s11250-024-04249-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11250-024-04249-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study investigates the effect of dietary herbal mixture (HM) levels on growing New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits' performance, carcass characteristics, blood biochemicals, and microbiological characteristics from 5 to 13 weeks of age. In this study, 96 New Zealand White rabbits (male and female ratio 1:1) were used, and they were five weeks old. The rabbits were at random allocated into four experimental groups (n = 24 each) comprising 12 replicates, each with two rabbits. The 1st group acted as the control and received feed without additional supplements. The 2nd group received 0.30% HM, the 3rd group received 0.50% HM, and the 4th group received 0.70% HM. As the concentration of the herbal mixture extract was raised, the inhibitory zones grew significantly. The addition of HM to rabbit diets at a 0.5% concentration significantly increased body weight and weight gain compared to the control diet and other treatments. The apparent digestibility coefficient of ether extracts and the rabbits' capacity to absorb lipids significantly increased with increasing HM levels up to 0.7%. In addition, the HM increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and decreased triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in the blood. Interestingly, when rabbits were fed varying amounts of HM, all types of bacteria significantly declined, yet helpful lactic acid bacteria increased. In conclusion, HM supplementation improved rabbit growth, blood parameters, and gut microbial balance, with a 0.5% level yielding the best results, indicating that HM has significant potential as a novel feed supplement for growing rabbits.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"57 1","pages":"22"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142955626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological silage from tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) by-products on the productive performance, hematological parameters and egg quality of older commercial hens.","authors":"Cristiane Cunha Guimarães, Tiago Cabral Nóbrega, Adriene Núzia de Almeida Santos, Alexandre Augusto Barai, Lígia Dos Santos Mourão, Maria Fernanda da Silva Gomes, Wilson de Souza Ferreira, Francisco Alberto de Lima Chaves, Joel Lima da Silva Junior, Marco Antonio de Freitas Mendonça, Antônio José Inhamuns da Silva, João Paulo Ferreira Rufino, Adriano Teixeira de Oliveira","doi":"10.1007/s11250-024-04273-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11250-024-04273-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated the effects of incorporating biological silage from tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) by-products (BST) on the performance, hematological and plasma biochemical parameters, and egg quality (physical, proximate composition and sensory characteristics) of older commercial hens. The BST was prepared by ensiling tambaqui by-products with lactic acid bacteria, cassava trimmings, and preservatives, producing a nutrient-rich, high-protein feed ingredient. One hundred and twenty Hisex Brown hens (83 weeks old) were divided into five treatment groups, each receiving diets with 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4% BST. Performance metrics, egg quality parameters, and blood samples were collected over 63 days. The results showed that diets with 1 to 2% BST improved egg weight, eggshell quality, and feed efficiency without adverse effects on hen health. However, higher BST inclusion levels led to declines in feed intake, egg production, and mineral content in eggs, possibly due to the sensory properties of the tambaqui-based diets. Hematological analysis indicated an increase in MCV and MCH values with higher BST levels, while triglycerides increased and cholesterol decreased, suggesting potential benefits for lipid metabolism at moderate inclusion levels. Sensory analysis of eggs showed greater acceptance in diets with 3% to 4% BST due to yolk color enhancement, although higher levels were not optimal for hen productivity. These findings support BST as a viable alternative feed in poultry diets, promoting waste utilization in a sustainable, circular economy model for the agribusiness sector.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"57 1","pages":"20"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142955530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aroeira (Myracrodruon urundeuva) and Malva (Herissantia crispa) have forage potential for ruminant nutrition in arid regions.","authors":"Larissa Stefany Da Silva Oliveira, Francelino Neiva Rodrigues, Ana Lúcia Teodoro, Wandemberg Rocha Freitas, Daniel de Jesus Silva, Gislane da Paixão, Divamélia de Oliveira Bezerra Gomes, Wanderson Gabriel Gomes de Melo, Camile Benício Campêlo, Regina Lucia Dos Santos Silva, Yatta Linhares Boakari, Dayseanny de Oliveira Bezerra","doi":"10.1007/s11250-024-04267-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11250-024-04267-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Caatinga biome has a wide variety of plants which, despite their irregular distribution, are frequently used to feed animals. This study aimed to evaluate the gas production kinetics of Caatinga plants: Malva (Herissantia crispa), Aroeira (Myracrodruon urundeuva), Marmeleiro (Croton sonderianus), and Bamburral (Hyptis suaveolens). Buffel grass (Cenchrus ciliaris), a cultivated forage, was used as a control. For this evaluation, samples of Aroeira, Malva, Marmeleiro, Bamburral, and Buffel grass were weighed and then incubated in 100 ml flasks containing rumen fluid and buffer solution at 39 °C in a water bath. The volume of gases produced was measured with graduated syringes at various times. The parameters of in vitro degradation kinetics were estimated from cumulative gas production using the NLMIXED procedure of SAS (Statistical Analysis System, Cary, USA). Buffel grass showed higher gas production than the other samples (77.64 ml), followed by the Caatinga samples, Malva and Aroeira (58.16 ml and 54.05 ml, respectively), which were statistically similar. In conclusion, we suggest that Malva and Aroeira are forage plants with promising potential to improve the nutrition of ruminants in arid regions, given their high protein content, moderate fiber content, and characteristics related to gas production identified with the in vitro digestibility test.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"57 1","pages":"19"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142955491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating body weight in Sujiang pigs using artificial neural network, nearest neighbor, and CART algorithms: a comparative study using morphological measurements.","authors":"Malik Ergin, Özgür Koşkan","doi":"10.1007/s11250-024-04258-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11250-024-04258-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objectives of this study were to evaluate different machine learning algorithms for predicting body weight (BW) in Sujiang pigs using the following morphological traits: age, body length (BL), backfat thickness (BFT), chest circumference (CC), body height (BH), chest width (CW), and hip width (HW). Additionally, this study also investigated which machine learning algorithms could accurately and efficiently predict body weight in pigs using a limited set of morphological traits. For this purpose, morphological measurements of 365 mature (180 ± 5 days) Sujiang pigs from the Jiangsu Sujiang Pig Breeding Farm in Taizhou, Jiangsu Province, China were used. The age of the pigs (180 ± 5 days) was also included as a nominal predictor. In total, 218 individual measurements were obtained after data preprocessing. In the Sujiang pig dataset, BW had a significantly positive and high linear relationship with BH, BL, CW, HW, and CC resulting in values of 0.66, 0.72, 0.81, 0.84, and 0.88, respectively (p < 0.01). Artificial neural network (ANN), K-nearest neighbors (KNN), and classification and regression tree (CART) algorithms were used to predict BW. Overall, the ANN algorithm outperformed the other algorithms in this pig dataset according to the goodness of fit criteria of R² = 0.85, RMSE = 3.98, MAD = 3.25, MAPE = 4.25, SDR = 0.39, RAE = 0.002, MRAE = 0.008, and AIC = 97.96. The ANN algorithm was trained using several training algorithms, such as the Levenberg‒Marquardt algorithm, Bayesian regularization, and scaled conjugate gradient. In addition, the number of neurons in the hidden layer was manipulated to 2, 3, or 4. All training algorithms yielded similar results. However, when the predictor variables were HW, BL, and BH, the Levenberg-Marquardt network had the best ability to predict body weight in Sujiang pigs (R² = 0.83). When BH measurements were not included in the model, the model's predictive ability decreased by approximately 5%. According to the results, the use of Levenberg‒Marquardt and Bayesian Regularization in the ANN algorithm can help improve breeding strategies. The traits determined to be the best predictors of BW in Sujiang pigs using the ANN algorithm can be used as indirect selection criteria in the future. This study suggests that different age stages, breeds, and morphological traits can be used to accurately predict BW in pigs in future research. These findings indicate that the ANN algorithm is a powerful tool for accurately predicting pig BW using a limited set of traits. The results of the ANN model can be used to establish selection criteria and breed standards for Sujiang pigs.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"57 1","pages":"17"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic polymorphisms of the Growth Hormone (GH) gene in Damascus and Black Bengal male goats.","authors":"Mahmoud A Moawad, Hadeer M Aboshady, Mamdouh S Abd-Alla, Nasser Ghanem, Ahmed Y Abdel-Moneim, Masahide Nishibori, Takahiro Yonezawa, Hideyuki Mannen, Rania Agamy","doi":"10.1007/s11250-024-04253-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11250-024-04253-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sustainable agriculture approaches necessitate a concerted effort from researchers to establish paths that meet global population needs without compromising environmental resources. Goats are unique among ruminants because of their ability to adapt to some of the harshest environments around the world. Growth Hormone (GH) gene is a major regulator of muscle mass growth. Therefore, our study aims to analyze the whole sequence of GH gene in order to identify various single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Damascus and Black Bengal goats (BBG) and to predict the effect of mutant residues on the protein's structure and function. Additionally, this study examined the effects of these SNPs on growth characteristics in Damascus goats. The study was designed to test 22 male goats. To obtain high-quality amplification of the GH gene, we utilized the nested PCR technique and performed paired-end sequencing for each fragment. Sequences alignment in the GH gene of Damascus and BBG goats unveiled 25 SNPs with different frequencies within the two breeds. Seven SNPs identified in coding regions comprised four synonymous variants (719 C → T, 731 G → A, 1610 C → T and 1625 C → T) and three non-synonymous variants (1112 G → A, 1459 C → T and 1470 C → T). The SNP 1112 G → A led to the substitution of Glutamic acid with Lysine (E/K) at amino acid position 137. The SNP 1459 C → T led to the substitution of Alanine with Valine (A/V) at amino acid position 160. Meanwhile, the SNP 1470 C → T led to the substitution of Leucine with Phenylalanine(L/F) at amino acid position 164. The SNP 1112 G → A was predicted to have a deleterious effect on the protein's structure and function. The SNPs 914 G → A and 1112 G → A showed significant differences (P < 0.05) between genotypes in pre-slaughter weight and almost carcass cuts in Damascus goats, indicating their possible use in breeding programs as a potential genetic marker for weight/size in goats as well as in assessing and choosing members of this breed for meat production.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"57 1","pages":"18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11703939/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Particle size of wheat straw from genetically improved wheat affects the production performance and feeding behavior of Sahiwal cows.","authors":"Muhammad Farhan Ayaz Chishti, Muhammad Aziz Ur Rahman, Muhammad Qamar Bilal, Muhammad Riaz, Muhammad Farooq Khalid, Zia-Ur-Rehman, Urooj Anwar, Riaz Mustafa, Waseem Abbas, Umar Farooq","doi":"10.1007/s11250-024-04269-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11250-024-04269-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current study was designed to evaluate the effect of particle size (PS) and inclusion level of wheat straw (WS) obtained from genetically improved wheat on the performance and feeding behavior of Sahiwal cows. Twelve multiparous, mid-lactating Sahiwal cows (DIM 135 ± 25, mean ± SD; 12.8 ± 1.6 kg/d milk, 331 ± 21 kg of BW) were split into groups of 4 and subjected to each of four treatments in a 2*2 cross-over design. For experimental diets, TMR differed in the length and inclusion level of the WS component in that diet, (1) straw chopped with a 2 cm screen (Fine chopped- FC, and inclusion, i.e., FCA = 20% and FCB = 30%) or (2) straw chopped with a 4 cm screen (long chopped-LC, and inclusion, i.e., LCA = 20% and LCB = 30%). The increased dry matter (DM) intake (9.10 kg/d) and crude protein (CP) intake (1.25 kg/d) were observed in FCA. The diets with the shorter PS and higher inclusion (i.e., FCB) exhibited higher neutral detergent fibre (NDF) intake (3.77 kg) and acid detergent fibre (ADF) intake (2.72 kg). The findings of digestibility showed higher DM-digestibility in LCA (55.24%). Meanwhile, the higher digestibility of CP (52.9%) and ADF (36%) was found in LCB, and NDF (38.5%) was observed in LCA. Moreover, cows receiving FCA diets showed improved milk (15.5 kg/d), 3.5%FCM (17.76 kg/d), fat (0.683/d Kg), and protein (0.516 kg/d) yields and production efficiency. However, the milk composition was improved in cows fed with LCB diets. Furthermore, the behavioural activities showed higher eating (i.e., 228.3 min/day), rumination (391 min./day), and chewing (617.9 min./day) activities in LCB diets. Whereas, the lying activity (568.5 min/day) was greater in FCA-fed cows. Our study suggests that incorporating fine-chopped WS @ 20% improves the overall production performance and feeding behavior of the cows.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"57 1","pages":"16"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142923418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A knowledge, attitude and practices assessment of control measures for bovine tuberculosis and brucellosis towards a more effective approach to national control programs in South Africa.","authors":"Alfred Tlotlo Kgasi, Anita Luise Michel","doi":"10.1007/s11250-024-04274-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11250-024-04274-7","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bovine brucellosis and bovine tuberculosis are zoonotic diseases with economic and public health importance across the world, especially in developing countries where the diseases are endemic. The diseases are classified as neglected diseases in developing nations with poor resources despite good control measures in some developed countries. The purpose of this study is to assess the knowledge, attitudes and perceptions (KAP) of stakeholders towards control measures for bovine brucellosis (BR) and bovine tuberculosis (bTB) at a livestock-wildlife interface. Stakeholders selected were small-scale farmers and veterinary officials affected by disease control measures in northern KwaZulu Natal in South Africa. A mixed method approach was used (qualitative and quantitative) In the quantitative method, a total of 61 small-scale livestock farmers and 15 veterinary officials working in the livestock-wildlife interface study area, completed a structured questionnaire. In the qualitative method, a focus group discussion was held with each stakeholder group (farmers and veterinary officials) were held using an interview guide that was developed based on common themes/topics emerging from the quantitative method. In terms of farmers, 62.3% and 75.4%, did not know about BR and bTB, respectively. All veterinary officials (100%) knew about BR and bTB. Majority of small-scale farmers (55.7%) and veterinary officials (66.6%) did not believe that the current methods for control of BR and bTB were effective. However, both farmers (55.9%) and veterinary officials (73.3%) believe that the state has capacity to control the diseases provided adequate resources are available, and practical disease control policies are implemented. Farmers (96.5%) and veterinary officials (93.3%) believe that the success of control of BR and/or bTB also depends on both role players working together. In the focus group discussions, reasons provided were, lack of sufficient resources (people and funding) by the government. Communal farming infrastructure was stated as a hindrance to effective disease control. Poor training of farmers and unrestricted animal movement had negative effect on disease control. Factors such as difficulty in isolating/separating test positive from test negative animals (biosecurity) in communal areas, provincialisation of disease control strategies, lack of enforcement, lack of compensation for farmers, were raised by stakeholders. It is recommended that the current structure of the South African veterinary services' delivery model be revised to enable coherent disease control co-ordination between National Department and Provinces. The current failures to successful control of BR and bTB can be attributed to limited stakeholder engagement and analysis of stakeholder perspectives. To address this, a bottom-up approach that involves inputs from stakeholders on the ground can help enhance the successful implementation of control strategies. The outcome of the","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"57 1","pages":"15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11695397/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142915670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sperm production, gonadal oxidative stress, DNA damage biomarkers and reproductive hormonal responses of cocks fed AFB1-contaminated diets supplemented with wireweed leaf.","authors":"Olumuyiwa Joseph Olarotimi, Francis Ayodeji Gbore, Olugbenga David Oloruntola, Olatunji Abubakar Jimoh, Andrew Bamidele Falowo, Catherine Olukemi Adeniran","doi":"10.1007/s11250-024-04251-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11250-024-04251-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To assess the ameliorative effects of wireweed leaf supplement (WLS) and ascorbate on reproductive potentials and gonadal oxidative status of cocks fed aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) contaminated diets, a total of 250 sexually mature cocks were distributed into five treatment groups: 1 (Control/Basal diet), 2 (Basal + 1 mg/kg AFB1), 3 (Basal + 1 mg/kg AFB1 + 200 mg/kg Ascorbate), 4 (Basal + 1 mg/kg AFB1 + 2.50 g/kg WLS) and 5 (Basal + 1 mg/kg AFB1 + 5.00 g/kg WLS). Each group was replicated 5 times with 10 cocks per replicate. The cocks in group 2 recorded significantly (P < 0.05) reduced daily sperm production and efficiency; gonadal antioxidative enzymes: superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), total proteins, luteinising hormone and testosterone concentrations while there were significant (P < 0.05) elevations in the gonadal malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO) peroxidation activity, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and nitric oxide (NO) levels when compared with cocks in the control group. However, cocks in groups 3, 4 and 5 recorded improvements in all the parameters studied when compared with group 2 cocks. Therefore, inclusions of WLS and ascorbate were beneficial to the reproductive potentials of cocks fed AFB1 contaminated diets.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"57 1","pages":"14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142910910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between fiber quality and follicle density in Ch'aku llamas (Lama glama).","authors":"Virgilio Machaca, Julio Málaga, Oscar Gómez-Quispe","doi":"10.1007/s11250-024-04263-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11250-024-04263-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the high altitudes of the Andes, llama breeders shear the fiber from their animals, obtaining fleeces for many purposes. Dehairing the fleece of these animals is a viable alternative to improving the quality and value of the fleece. The study examined the attributes of fiber quality and pilose follicle of dehaired and non-dehaired fleece from Ch'aku llamas and the relationship among these characteristics. From 80 animals, 480 fleece samples (240 dehaired and 240 non-dehaired), and 198 skin biopsies of dehaired specimens were collected. The data was analyzed using a model that contain fleece type effect, age group effect, sex effect, body region effect, and their respective interactions. Also, the Spearman correlation between fiber quality attributes and pilose follicle traits was calculated. The findings showed that non-dehaired fiber had a diameter of 22.01 ± 0.17 µm, while dehaired fiber measured 20.85 ± 0.16 µm. Removing the hair from the fiber resulted in a decrease in the average fiber diameter, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation while increasing the comfort factor and curvature index. The age group had an impact on primary follicles, secondary follicles, follicular density, and follicular index. Furthermore, gender influenced secondary follicles and follicular density, whereas body region affected secondary follicles and follicular density. Negative correlations were observed between mean of follicular density (MFoD) and mean fiber diameter (MFD), as well as curvature ratio (CRV), whereas a positive correlation was found between mean of follicular index (MFoI) and MFoD, and a negative correlation was noted between MFoI and CRV. It is concluded that the dehairing of the Ch'aku llama fiber improves the quality of the fleece.</p>","PeriodicalId":23329,"journal":{"name":"Tropical animal health and production","volume":"57 1","pages":"12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142898388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}