Trends in biotechnologyPub Date : 2026-05-01Epub Date: 2026-01-14DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2025.12.004
Min-Jun Seong, Haneul Kim, Hyewon Lee, Haseong Kim, Seung-Goo Lee, Min Ju Lee, Ji-Su Jun, Sujin Hong, Tae Hyun Kim, Seong Keun Kim, Jonghyeok Shin, Dae-Hee Lee
{"title":"Connector-enabled integration of Golden Gate Assembly and yeast recombination for streamlined multigene pathway construction in the biofoundry workflow.","authors":"Min-Jun Seong, Haneul Kim, Hyewon Lee, Haseong Kim, Seung-Goo Lee, Min Ju Lee, Ji-Su Jun, Sujin Hong, Tae Hyun Kim, Seong Keun Kim, Jonghyeok Shin, Dae-Hee Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.tibtech.2025.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tibtech.2025.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rewiring the metabolic flux for efficient microbial conversion requires robust, scalable gene assembly. However, conventional gene assembly approaches are labor-intensive, highly experience-dependent, and require extensive expertise to ensure reproducibility and efficiency. Even with advanced automation platforms such as biofoundries, assembling gene arrays with multiple transcriptional units (TUs) remains challenging. In this study, we present Efficient Modular Gene Assembly (EffiModular), an integrated in vitro and in vivo gene assembly platform compatible with automated workflows. EffiModular enables the assembly of up to eight TUs with 80% efficiency in a single transformation. Integrated into a biofoundry workflow, it enabled the construction of 120 distinct yeast strains with varying levels of expression of the β-carotene biosynthesis genes within 3 days. Compared with conventional approaches, it significantly reduces procedural complexity, minimizes reliance on operator expertise, and accelerates workflow timelines. These features establish EffiModular as a next-generation gene assembly platform for scalable, reproducible gene assembly in biofoundry-based genetic engineering.</p>","PeriodicalId":23324,"journal":{"name":"Trends in biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"1478-1497"},"PeriodicalIF":14.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145985147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Microalgae-made biopharmaceuticals and their potential role in the One Health approach.","authors":"Ileana García-Silva, Sornkanok Vimolmangkang, Sergio Rosales-Mendoza","doi":"10.1016/j.tibtech.2025.08.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tibtech.2025.08.018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biopharmaceuticals play a crucial role in the One Health approach by providing preventive and therapeutic solutions that support both human and animal health. The microalgae-based platform for producing biopharmaceuticals offers low production costs, benefiting both sectors, and thus represents a promising strategy to advance the One Health initiative. Over the past decade, significant progress has been made in genetic engineering and bioprocessing of algal systems; however, no microalgae-made biopharmaceuticals for human use have yet reached the market. This review provides an updated perspective on these advances and highlights future directions for the field, with a focus on overcoming the hurdles that have delayed the application of this technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":23324,"journal":{"name":"Trends in biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"1243-1261"},"PeriodicalIF":14.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145179026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in biotechnologyPub Date : 2026-05-01Epub Date: 2025-09-19DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2025.08.020
Daniela Grases, Eduard Porta-Pardo
{"title":"A practical guide to spatial transcriptomics: lessons from over 1000 samples.","authors":"Daniela Grases, Eduard Porta-Pardo","doi":"10.1016/j.tibtech.2025.08.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tibtech.2025.08.020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Spatial transcriptomics (ST) enables the in situ mapping of gene expression, revolutionizing our ability to study tissue organization and cellular interactions. However, many groups struggle with practical barriers to implementation, including platform selection, sample quality, and experimental scalability. We provide a practical guide to ST, informed by the processing and analysis of over 1000 spatial samples across multiple ST platforms. We outline best practices for experimental design, tissue handling, sequencing, and computational analysis, with special attention to clinical samples. Our goal is to translate hands-on experience into recommendations that support robust, reproducible spatial workflows. This guide is designed to assist researchers at all levels: from those designing their first spatial experiment to groups aiming to integrate ST into large-scale studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23324,"journal":{"name":"Trends in biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"1230-1242"},"PeriodicalIF":14.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145103022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in biotechnologyPub Date : 2026-05-01Epub Date: 2026-01-13DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2025.11.018
Catarina Gonçalves, Sandra Pereira, Isabel B Oliveira, Marco Preto, Tiago Ribeiro, João Morais, Luciana C Gomes, Maria João Romeu, Miguel Semedo, Filipe J Mergulhão, Vitor Vasconcelos, Elisabete R Silva, Joana R Almeida
{"title":"Engineered coatings containing cyclic peptides from cyanobacteria delay the development of a stable macrofouling community.","authors":"Catarina Gonçalves, Sandra Pereira, Isabel B Oliveira, Marco Preto, Tiago Ribeiro, João Morais, Luciana C Gomes, Maria João Romeu, Miguel Semedo, Filipe J Mergulhão, Vitor Vasconcelos, Elisabete R Silva, Joana R Almeida","doi":"10.1016/j.tibtech.2025.11.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tibtech.2025.11.018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biofouling-the adhesion of organisms and their byproducts to submerged surfaces-poses economic and environmental challenges, highlighting the need for sustainable antifouling solutions. This study reports a proof-of-concept investigation into the environmental compatibility and field validation of natural cyclic peptides portoamides A and B (Pam) as a bio-based antifouling alternative. Pam have demonstrated antifouling activity by inhibiting mussel larval settlement and disrupting biofilm formation. Herein, the antifouling performance of Pam-engineered coatings was evaluated through anti-settlement, anti-biofilm, as well as marine field tests. Lab-scale tests revealed that Pam-based coatings (0.7 wt%) effectively reduced biofilm thickness, surface coverage, and mussel larval settlement. Field trials showed that Pam-functionalized coating prototypes outperformed a commercial biocide in use (Econea®), delaying macrofouling community establishment and contributing to enhanced antifouling effectiveness. Overall, this work supports further development of antifouling engineered systems using Pam, representing a significant technological advance (from Technology Readiness Level 3 to 6) toward sustainable marine coating systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":23324,"journal":{"name":"Trends in biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"1330-1353"},"PeriodicalIF":14.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145985249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in biotechnologyPub Date : 2026-05-01Epub Date: 2026-01-02DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2025.11.017
Yunhao Chen, Qiaoning He, Qiushi Ye, Jiapeng Li, Changzheng Li, Shihui Yang
{"title":"Pipeline and insulated dual-reporter system to predict and quantify strong terminators from RNA-seq datasets for metabolic engineering.","authors":"Yunhao Chen, Qiaoning He, Qiushi Ye, Jiapeng Li, Changzheng Li, Shihui Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.tibtech.2025.11.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tibtech.2025.11.017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The limited availability of genetic regulatory parts, especially terminators from non-model microorganisms, hampers precise gene regulation and the construction of efficient microbial cell factories. To address this problem, we developed a novel strategy for predicting and quantifying strong terminators genome-widely by integrating RNA-seq datasets with an insulated dual-reporter system. We validated 48, and 41 strong terminators in Zymomonas mobilis and Escherichia coli, respectively. Our results demonstrated notable cross-species compatibility of these terminators between the two bacteria and revealed that the length of the upstream sequence affects termination efficiency in Z. mobilis. We further applied selected strong terminators to enhance 2,3-butanediol production in Z. mobilis. This work thus establishes a pipeline for genome-wide prediction, quantitative assessment, and cross-species evaluation of bacterial terminators. It provides a valuable resource for expanding prokaryotic terminator libraries and engineering efficient microbial cell factories with refined transcriptional control.</p>","PeriodicalId":23324,"journal":{"name":"Trends in biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"1452-1477"},"PeriodicalIF":14.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145896892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in biotechnologyPub Date : 2026-05-01Epub Date: 2026-01-09DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2025.12.002
Xiaoyu Shi, Joonhee Chang, Myeong-Eun Lee, Jun Won Oh, Dong-Hyeok Hwang, Byeong-Hyeon Cho, Sung Ok Han
{"title":"In situ engineering of synthetic yeast consortia for cross-species metabolic conversion of crude glycerol and byproducts into circular renewable bioenergy.","authors":"Xiaoyu Shi, Joonhee Chang, Myeong-Eun Lee, Jun Won Oh, Dong-Hyeok Hwang, Byeong-Hyeon Cho, Sung Ok Han","doi":"10.1016/j.tibtech.2025.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tibtech.2025.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rapid growth of biodiesel production generates large amounts of crude glycerol, a low-value byproduct with environmental and economic challenges. Here, we present an engineered yeast coculture system combining Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Yarrowia lipolytica to convert crude glycerol into isopropanol, a liquid organic hydrogen carrier. The system integrates metabolic engineering, cell surface display pairing, immobilization, and continuous cultivation in fibrous bed bioreactors. In S. cerevisiae, glycerol use was improved by transporter optimization, pathway redirection, and flux shift from ethanol to isopropanol. In Y. lipolytica, ethanol from S. cerevisiae was redirected to isopropanol by acetyl-CoA reinforcement, malonyl-CoA diversion, and NADPH availability. Optimized pairing and inoculation ratios enhanced stability and yield. The consortia achieved complete glycerol utilization and three reuse cycles over 180 h. With pure glycerol, 28.34 g/l isopropanol was produced, while crude glycerol reached 86.06% of this yield. This strategy offers a scalable, modular route to convert biodiesel byproducts into bioenergy carriers.</p>","PeriodicalId":23324,"journal":{"name":"Trends in biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"1354-1377"},"PeriodicalIF":14.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145948891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in biotechnologyPub Date : 2026-05-01Epub Date: 2025-09-18DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2025.08.013
Yongguang Li, Yonggang Li, Bing-Jie Ni, Yue-Zhong Li, Shou-Qing Ni
{"title":"Towards scalable anammox: mechanistic insights and emerging strategies.","authors":"Yongguang Li, Yonggang Li, Bing-Jie Ni, Yue-Zhong Li, Shou-Qing Ni","doi":"10.1016/j.tibtech.2025.08.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tibtech.2025.08.013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anammox-based systems are promising wastewater treatment processes that utilize anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) bacteria to remove nitrogen. These systems offer energy-efficient and carbon-neutral alternatives to conventional biological treatments but their practical application faces challenges, including limited total nitrogen (TN)-removal efficiency and sensitivity to adverse conditions. Recent research has explored innovative strategies to overcome these limitations, such as multi-metabolic pathway coupling, integration of photocatalysis and bioelectrochemical modules, and modulation of exogenous iron supply (e.g., iron oxides, ferroheme, and magnetite). In addition, mechanisms that support anammox resistance to environmental stressors are being uncovered. This review outlines these advances and proposes tailored engineering strategies to improve the performance and scalability of anammox-based systems and thus facilitate their application in complex wastewater treatment scenarios.</p>","PeriodicalId":23324,"journal":{"name":"Trends in biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"1262-1278"},"PeriodicalIF":14.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145087579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in biotechnologyPub Date : 2026-05-01Epub Date: 2025-10-17DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2025.09.017
Jasdeep S Ghataora, Tom Ellis
{"title":"Rewiring holobiont systems with synthetic biology.","authors":"Jasdeep S Ghataora, Tom Ellis","doi":"10.1016/j.tibtech.2025.09.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tibtech.2025.09.017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Holobionts are complex communities comprising a host and its diverse microbiota. Their intricate relationships are crucial for biological processes like nutrient uptake, immune function, and environmental adaptation. However, understanding these complex interactions remains challenging. We review how synthetic biology can help address these challenges. We highlight advances in bacterial biosensor design, engineering interkingdom communication, surface display, and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) systems to both understand and manipulate holobiont interactions. We also highlight progress in engineering non-model microbiota members and provide rationale for a new field at the intersection of holobiont research and synthetic biology, which we term de novo holobiont design. The integration of synthetic biology with holobiont research promises to deepen our understanding of host-microbiota relationships and open new frontiers in biotechnology.</p>","PeriodicalId":23324,"journal":{"name":"Trends in biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"1312-1329"},"PeriodicalIF":14.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145318697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in biotechnologyPub Date : 2026-05-01Epub Date: 2026-01-19DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2025.12.006
Feng Xu, Hao Gao, Rong Ben, Kaihao Hu, Yuan Wang, Ali Mohsin, Yuanxin Guo, Xu Li, Haifeng Hang, Ju Chu, Xiwei Tian
{"title":"Systematic engineering of Micromonospora echinospora cell factory for gentamicin C1a overproduction.","authors":"Feng Xu, Hao Gao, Rong Ben, Kaihao Hu, Yuan Wang, Ali Mohsin, Yuanxin Guo, Xu Li, Haifeng Hang, Ju Chu, Xiwei Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.tibtech.2025.12.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tibtech.2025.12.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The clinical importance of gentamicin C1a as a broad-spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotic underscores the need for efficient biomanufacturing strategies. In this study, we developed a systematic engineering framework to enhance gentamicin C1a production. First, a genome-scale metabolic model (iFX1172) was reconstructed to pinpoint critical bottlenecks in both regulatory and biosynthetic pathways. Guided by model predictions and experimental validation, we identified genC, metK, and BldD as synergistic targets. Coordinated overexpression of these genes increased gentamicin C1a titers to 198.1 mg/L, representing a 34.3% improvement over the parental strain, and also enhanced the titers of other aminoglycoside antibiotics by up to 1.6-fold, demonstrating the universality of the strategy. Metabolic flux analysis and targeted metabolomics revealed that redox homeostasis and ATP availability are pivotal for biosynthesis. Finally, process optimization in a fed-batch bioreactor using a Bayesian framework, coupled with in situ resin adsorption, yielded 964.1 mg/L gentamicin C1a with a yield of 24.1 mg/g glucose and a productivity of 6.7 mg/L/h.</p>","PeriodicalId":23324,"journal":{"name":"Trends in biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"1397-1424"},"PeriodicalIF":14.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146012655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in biotechnologyPub Date : 2026-05-01Epub Date: 2025-09-06DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2025.08.005
Sagar Arya, Lukáš Spíchal, Radek Zbořil
{"title":"Flying seed-inspired sensors for remote environmental monitoring on Earth and beyond.","authors":"Sagar Arya, Lukáš Spíchal, Radek Zbořil","doi":"10.1016/j.tibtech.2025.08.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tibtech.2025.08.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exploring mobility beyond traditional robotic systems such as walking, swimming, and jumping, flight through dispersal, gliding, or hovering remains an untapped frontier for advanced stimulus-responsive and -sensing materials. Nature-inspired engineering has been a foundational aspect of robotic innovations, and biohybrid and biomimetic flying seeds are now becoming a significant example of this concept. By mimicking the aerodynamic properties and dispersal mechanisms of natural seeds, semi- and fully artificial systems are being designed for environmental monitoring, precision agriculture, and disease management applications that require wide-area coverage. Scientists are biomimicking these structures to explore the Martian surface and subsurface. This opinion article highlights the potential of flying seed-inspired sensors to advance environmental monitoring on Earth and planets such as Mars and beyond.</p>","PeriodicalId":23324,"journal":{"name":"Trends in biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"1214-1229"},"PeriodicalIF":14.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145016215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}