Translational andrology and urology最新文献

{"title":"Construction of a disulfidptosis-associated lncRNA signature to predict prognosis in bladder cancer.","authors":"Jingsong Wang, Qingyuan Zheng, Jun Jian, Zhiyuan Chen, Xiuheng Liu, Shanshan Wan, Lei Wang","doi":"10.21037/tau-24-431","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tau-24-431","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bladder cancer (BCa) is the most common neoplasm of the urinary system, and its high rates of progression and recurrence contribute to a generally poor prognosis, especially in advanced cases. It is reported that disulfidptosis is closely related with tumor proliferation. We aimed to construct a disulfidptosis-associated long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) signature that can predict prognosis and immune microenvironment in BCa.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We obtained RNA-seq data, clinical information, and mutation data of BCa patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Based on Pearson correlation and uni-Cox regression analysis, we identified disulfidptosis-associated lncRNAs related with overall survival (OS). Then a prognosis signature based on seven disulfidptosis-associated lncRNAs was constructed by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression analysis and multi-Cox regression analysis. We performed Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) analyses to examine biological functional of differentially expressed genes related to the risk model. We assessed the immune microenvironment and chemotherapeutic response of several drugs. Finally, the quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression level of the disulfidptosis-associated lncRNAs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We established a prognosis signature based on seven disulfidptosis-associated lncRNAs (AP003419.3, AL161891.1, AC234917.3, LINC00536, AL021707.6, AL445649.1 and AC104785.1). According to the signature, all patients were divided in high- and low-risk group and patients in low-risk group showed a significantly better prognosis. Moreover, the risk model was confirmed to be an independent prognostic factor with high accuracy. Immune cells and several immune checkpoints were more active in high-risk group and patients in this group had a higher tumor mutation burden (TMB) that those in low-risk group. The results of qRT-PCR demonstrated that expression level of the lncRNAs were all significantly different between BCa cell lines and normal urinary epithelial cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The disulfidptosis-associated lncRNA signature is a promising biomarker for predicting prognosis and characterizing the immune landscape in BCa, potentially guiding personalized treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23270,"journal":{"name":"Translational andrology and urology","volume":"13 12","pages":"2705-2723"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11732304/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143012295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Percutaneous endoscopic resection of a large fibroepithelial polyp in the renal pelvis using a resectoscope: a case report.","authors":"Hewen Chi, Chunru Xu, Gang Wang, Xuesong Li","doi":"10.21037/tau-24-434","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tau-24-434","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fibroepithelial polyp (FEP) in the renal pelvis is a rare benign tumor of the urinary tract. Treatment of such diseases varies from local resection to radical nephroureterectomy, either by open or endoscopic surgery. This study aims to show our successful experience in percutaneous endoscopic resection of FEP.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>We present a 36-year-old female patient with a large FEP in the left renal pelvis. The patient was evaluated by performing computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ureteroscopy. Based on the preoperative examinations, there were several difficulties to consider in this case. First, the polyp was located in the inferior renal calyces, which increased the difficulty of endoscopic excision. Second, the size of the polyp was larger than that previously reported. We tried two strategies to resect it, and finally succeeded by percutaneous resection with a resectoscope. No recurrence was found during the follow-up period.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We present the case of a 36-year-old woman, who successfully underwent percutaneous endoscopic resection of a large FEP in the renal pelvis by a resectoscope without recurrence or complications after 3 months. The surgical technique used in our case adds to the body of evidence of successful endoscopic management of FEP in the renal pelvis. Percutaneous endoscopic resection is an effective way for FEP.</p>","PeriodicalId":23270,"journal":{"name":"Translational andrology and urology","volume":"13 12","pages":"2820-2826"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11732300/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143012302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robotic urologic surgery using the Toumai MT-1000 Endoscopic Surgical System: a single-center prospective analysis.","authors":"Chenghao Tan, Bing Wang, Wenhao Cui, Weiyang Xu, Yaming Gu, Xuesong Li, Zheng Zhang","doi":"10.21037/tau-24-451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/tau-24-451","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Toumai MT-1000 Endoscopic Surgical System is a newly developed surgical robot from China. This study evaluates its feasibility, safety, and effectiveness for various urologic procedures based on our single-center experience.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From October 2023 to January 2024, 20 urologic procedures were performed at Peking University First Hospital using the Toumai MT-1000 system. Clinical features, perioperative data, and follow-up outcomes were prospectively collected and analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The procedures included five partial nephrectomies (PN), five adrenalectomies, five upper urinary tract (UUT) reconstructions, four radical prostatectomies (RP), and one radical cystectomy (RC). The median operative times were 175.0 min for PN, 167.4 min for adrenalectomy, 224.2 min for UUT reconstruction, 300.3 min for RP, and 374.0 min for RC. The median hemoglobin drops were 1.2 g/dL for PN, 1.3 g/dL for adrenalectomy, 1.2 g/dL for UUT reconstruction, 2.3 g/dL for RP, and 0.2 g/dL for RC. All procedures were successfully completed without conversion, and no major complications occurred. The median warm ischemia time for PN was 34.6 min, with no positive surgical margins. The positive surgical margin rate for RP was 25% (1/4), with no biochemical recurrence observed during the 3-month follow-up. The surgical success rate for UUT reconstruction was 100% over 3 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Toumai MT-1000 Endoscopic Surgical System has demonstrated safety and efficacy in urological procedures. It represents a viable option for further clinical research, offering promising prospects due to its advanced features that enhance surgeon comfort.</p>","PeriodicalId":23270,"journal":{"name":"Translational andrology and urology","volume":"13 12","pages":"2748-2756"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11732303/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143012307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prostatic aggressive angiomyxoma (AAM) with initial presentation of urinary obstruction: a rare case report and literature review.","authors":"Chin-Hui Lai, Jiaxiang Ji, Xiaolong Bian, Tao Xu, Hao Hu","doi":"10.21037/tau-24-425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/tau-24-425","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Aggressive angiomyxoma (AAM) is a rare benign mesenchymal tumor known for its aggressive behavior and high recurrence rates, with male cases of AAM being less frequently reported. This study presents a rare case of primary prostatic AAM characterized by a prostatic urethral mass obstructing the bladder outlet, resulting in acute renal dysfunction.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>The 51-year-old male patient presented with lumbar pain, nausea, frequent urination, urgency, and incomplete urination. Laboratory test indicated increased levels of serum creatinine and potassium. Emergency bedside ultrasound found giant bilateral hydronephrosis. The patient received emergent potassium-lowering therapy and bilateral nephrostomy. Computed tomography (CT) revealed a 3.7 cm × 2.3 cm low-density soft tissue mass in prostate. Transurethral resection of the prostatic mass was performed. Pathological examination identified the presence of deep-seated AAM. For fear of recurrence, he underwent radical prostatectomy. Postoperative histopathology showed no sign of residual tumor. He recovered uneventfully and is now under regular follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AAM is a rarely reported locally aggressive mesenchymal neoplasm characterized by high recurrence, which was even rarer in prostate. As we know, this is the first case of prostatic AAM treated by both transurethral resection and further radical resection. In this case, the tumor was completely excised surgically, but long-term follow-up is required to monitor for recurrence.</p>","PeriodicalId":23270,"journal":{"name":"Translational andrology and urology","volume":"13 12","pages":"2827-2832"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11732294/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143012303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustanon suppresses spermatogenesis and increases cell death.","authors":"Fatemeh Kamali Hosseinzadeh, Jina Khayatzadeh, Mohammad Mahdi Forghanifard, Armin Attaranzadeh","doi":"10.21037/tau-24-397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/tau-24-397","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) are synthetic derivatives of testosterone. Sustanon, dissolved in peanut oil, is an AAS used by athletes to build muscle mass. This study aims to examine the effects of Sustanon on male reproductive health.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adult male rats were divided into four groups under standard conditions. The control group received an intramuscular injection of the Sustanon solvent. The second, third, and fourth groups were treated with different doses (10, 20, and 30 mg/kg body weight) of Sustanon for 8 weeks. Blood samples, testes, and spermatozoa were collected for laboratory tests. Complementary DNA (cDNA) was synthesized from total RNA, and the expression of deleted in azoospermia like (<i>DAZL</i>) and B-cell lymphoma 2 (<i>BCL2</i>) genes was measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Histopathological analysis was performed on the testes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The <i>BCL2</i> gene had significantly lower expression in the treatment groups compared to the control group. There was no significant increase in the expression of <i>DAZL</i>. Significant reductions in testicular length, diameter, weight, sperm count, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) concentrations were observed in the treatment groups. Histological changes were evident in the testes of the treated groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Sustanon likely induces adverse effects on the male reproductive system, potentially decreasing fertility. The study provides critical insights into the negative impacts of Sustanon on spermatogenesis and cell survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":23270,"journal":{"name":"Translational andrology and urology","volume":"13 12","pages":"2801-2811"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11732302/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143011515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The involvements of intracellular basal calcium and membrane potential in para-phenylenediamine-impaired sperm function.","authors":"Yannan Chen, Tingting Yang, Xiaoling Gu, Yuqi Chen, Qingxin Wang, Xia Wang","doi":"10.21037/tau-24-374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/tau-24-374","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Para-phenylenediamine (PPD) is a crystalline solid that belongs to the aromatic amine group, widely used in the manufacturing of various dyes. PPD exhibits toxic effects on female hormone stability, ovarian function, and embryo development. Although studies have shown that PPD exposure can damage oocyte quality in female mice, research on its effects on male reproductive capability, particularly on human sperm quality and function, is limited. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of PPD on male semen and explore its mechanism.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Computer-assisted sperm analysis system and eosin-aniline black method were conducted to detect sperm motility and viability; sperm function was analyzed by tyrosine phosphorylation immunofluorescence staining, sperm mucus penetration capacity assay, and sperm acrosome reaction incidence; reactive oxygen species (ROS) and DNA damage were analyzed by specific kits; the transient calcium, intracellular basal calcium, and membrane potential were detected by multi-functional microplate reader after Fluo-4, Fura-10 AM and DiSC3(5) staining.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PPD was shown to have a dose-dependent impact on both the motility and viability of human sperm. Furthermore, the ability of sperm to capacitate, penetrate viscous substances, and undergo acrosome reaction exhibited significant impairments in various aspects of sperm function. The impact of PPD on sperm is comparable to its effects on other bodily systems. Spermatozoon toxicity caused by PPD was found to be associated with increased levels of ROS and DNA damage, which indicated that oxidative stress plays a role in this process. Although the transient calcium response to PPD and progesterone was not disturbed, intracellular basal calcium was increased and membrane potential was depolarized after exposure of human sperm to PPD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In summary, our findings suggest that increased intracellular basal calcium, hyperpolarization in the membrane potential of damaged sperm, and oxidative stress might be the underlying reasons for the decline in semen quality and dysfunction of sperm following PPD exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":23270,"journal":{"name":"Translational andrology and urology","volume":"13 12","pages":"2661-2671"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11732297/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143011699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum prostate-specific antigen level changes may also play an important role in chronic prostatitis patients receiving THREM therapy.","authors":"Heng-Fu Lin, Hung-Keng Li, Shiu-Dong Chung","doi":"10.21037/tau-24-337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/tau-24-337","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23270,"journal":{"name":"Translational andrology and urology","volume":"13 12","pages":"2847-2848"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11732305/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143011304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Secrets revealed by the skin: initial success of tislelizumab and targeted therapy in advanced renal cell carcinoma-a case report and literature review.","authors":"Xiaotong Liu, Wenbang Pan, Xianghui Ning, Abao Guo, Jun Wang, Zhankui Jia, Jinjian Yang","doi":"10.21037/tau-24-427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/tau-24-427","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In renal cell carcinoma (RCC), skin metastases (SMs) occur in only 3.3% of cases and are even rarer as an initial manifestation of the disease. Although combination therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and targeted agents is the current standard of care, access to these treatments may be limited in certain regions due to cost constraints. Tislelizumab, a structurally enhanced humanized IgG4 monoclonal antibody developed indigenously in China, has demonstrated substantial efficacy and manageable safety profiles in clinical trials across a variety of solid tumors.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>We report the case of a 46-year-old male who initially presented with painless ulcerative skin nodules on his scalp and the tip of his nose. Surgical removal of the scalp nodules led to a pathological diagnosis of metastatic clear cell RCC (ccRCC). Subsequent positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging revealed metastases in the lungs, bones, and brain. Due to financial constraints, the patient opted for combination therapy with tislelizumab and sunitinib. After one treatment cycle, the skin nodules resolved, pulmonary metastases decreased in size, and the left renal mass stabilized. However, disease progression (PD) was observed before the start of the twelfth cycle.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our case demonstrates that tislelizumab combined with sunitinib exhibits potential benefits for patients with advanced RCC, particularly in regions where access to standard combination therapy is limited. However, further clinical evidence is needed to support its widespread adoption in routine clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":23270,"journal":{"name":"Translational andrology and urology","volume":"13 12","pages":"2840-2846"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11732310/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143011302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a machine learning-based predictive model for transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis in White Americans: a SEER-based study.","authors":"Zhenyu Liu, Hang Ma, Ziqi Guo, Shuai Su, Xiangbiao He","doi":"10.21037/tau-24-385","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tau-24-385","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the renal pelvis is a rare cancer within the urinary system. However, the prognosis is not entirely satisfactory. This study aims to develop a clinical model for predicting cancer-specific survival (CSS) at 1-, 3-, and 5-year for White Americans with renal pelvic TCC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data of all White American patients diagnosed with TCC of the renal pelvis from 2010 to 2015 were extracted and analyzed from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database in this retrospective study. Subsequently, after excluding the metastatic group, a subgroup analysis was performed on the data of 1,715 White Americans with non-metastatic renal pelvic TCC. Patients included in this study were randomly divided into the training and validation sets in a ratio of 7:3. In addition, the features in the training set were extracted by the Boruta algorithm. The importance of these features was visualized using the eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost)-based SHapley Additive exPlanation (SHAP) tool. To improve predictive accuracy, a nomogram model with these identified independent prognostic variables was developed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,887 White American patients with renal pelvic TCC were included in this study. In the training set, the area under the curve (AUC) for CSS nomograms at 1-, 3-, and 5-year were 0.813 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.774-0.852], 0.738 (95% CI: 0.702-0.774), and 0.733 (95% CI: 0.698-0.768), respectively. Correspondingly, the AUCs for CSS nomograms at the above time points were 0.781 (95% CI: 0.732-0.830), 0.785 (95% CI: 0.741-0.829), and 0.775 (95% CI: 0.729-0.820) in the validation set, respectively. The subgroup analysis results revealed that the AUCs for CSS nomograms at 1-, 3-, and 5-year were 0.788, 0.725, and 0.726 in the training set, respectively, while the AUCs for CSS nomograms at 1-, 3-, and 5-year were 0.831, 0.786, and 0.754 in the training set, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this study, a nomogram that predicts CSS in White American patients diagnosed with renal pelvic TCC was efficiently constructed. The application of the nomogram may enhance patient care and assist clinicians in choosing the optimal treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23270,"journal":{"name":"Translational andrology and urology","volume":"13 12","pages":"2681-2693"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11732296/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143012297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>WIF1</i> and <i>DKK3</i> in prostate cancer: from molecular pathways to therapeutic targets: a narrative review.","authors":"Zhiliang Xia, Dan Du, Zhi Zhang, Zonglai Liu, Zhonggui Hu, Xinyu Li, Xiong Guo, Ziqiu He","doi":"10.21037/tau-24-304","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tau-24-304","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Prostate cancer is a major cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality in men globally. The pathogenesis involves complex interactions between genetic mutations and environmental factors, activating multiple signaling pathways, especially Wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/Akt, and NF-κB pathways. Tumor suppressor genes <i>WIF1</i> and <i>DKK3</i> are key inhibitors of these pathways, crucial in suppressing tumor growth and metastasis. This review synthesizes current knowledge on <i>WIF1</i> and <i>DKK3</i> in prostate cancer, focusing on their biological functions, regulatory mechanisms, and therapeutic potential.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature review was conducted, examining studies on the molecular biology of <i>WIF1</i> and <i>DKK3</i>, their expression in prostate cancer, and their impact on processes like proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion.</p><p><strong>Key content and findings: </strong><i>WIF1</i>: (I) Inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling: <i>WIF1</i> binds to Wnt ligands, preventing receptor interaction and reducing <i>c-Myc</i> and <i>Cyclin D1</i> expression. (II) Promotion of apoptosis: <i>WIF1</i> downregulates anti-apoptotic proteins (e.g., <i>Bcl-2</i>) and upregulates pro-apoptotic proteins (e.g., <i>Bax</i>), promoting both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways. (III) Suppression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis: <i>WIF1</i> inhibits EMT, reduces cell migration, and modulates matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) to maintain extracellular matrix (ECM) integrity. <i>DKK3</i>: (I) Regulation of signaling pathways: <i>DKK3</i> modulates Wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/Akt, and NF-κB pathways, reducing cell proliferation. (II) Enhancement of apoptosis: <i>DKK3</i> increases <i>p53</i> activity and upregulates <i>PUMA</i> and <i>NOXA</i> while reducing apoptosis inhibitors. (III) Inhibition of cell migration and invasion: <i>DKK3</i> suppresses EMT, cytoskeletal dynamics proteins like <i>RhoA</i> and <i>Cdc42</i>, and reduces MMPs, limiting invasiveness.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The tumor suppressor functions of <i>WIF1</i> and <i>DKK3</i> are critical in the context of prostate cancer. Their ability to inhibit key signaling pathways and promote apoptosis highlights their potential as therapeutic targets. Future research should focus on developing strategies to restore their expression and function, including epigenetic therapies, gene therapy, and small molecule inhibitors. Such approaches could significantly enhance the efficacy of existing treatments and improve patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23270,"journal":{"name":"Translational andrology and urology","volume":"13 11","pages":"2601-2616"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11650354/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142855550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}