Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene最新文献_第8页

Micronutrient status and risk of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in Indonesian tuberculosis case contacts. 印度尼西亚结核病例接触者微量营养素状况和结核分枝杆菌感染风险

IF 1.9 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trae140

Ayesha J Verrall, Lisa Houghton, Lika Apriani, Harold E Atmaja, Arjan van Laarhoven, James E Ussher, Rovina Ruslami, Katrina Sharples, Susan McAllister, Reinout van Crevel, Philip C Hill, Bachti Alisjahbana

{"title":"Micronutrient status and risk of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in Indonesian tuberculosis case contacts.","authors":"Ayesha J Verrall, Lisa Houghton, Lika Apriani, Harold E Atmaja, Arjan van Laarhoven, James E Ussher, Rovina Ruslami, Katrina Sharples, Susan McAllister, Reinout van Crevel, Philip C Hill, Bachti Alisjahbana","doi":"10.1093/trstmh/trae140","DOIUrl":"10.1093/trstmh/trae140","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Certain micronutrient levels have been associated with the risk of developing TB disease. We explored the possible association of selected at-risk micronutrient levels with the development of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) infection.Methods: This cohort study in Bandung, Indonesia, followed Interferon Gamma Release Assay (IGRA) negative TB case contacts with a repeat IGRA test at 3 mo. At baseline, blood was analysed for haemoglobin, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, retinol-binding protein, C-reactive protein, alpha-1-acid glycoprotein, serum transferrin receptor (sTfR), ferritin, zinc and selenium. Total body iron was calculated using ferritin and sTfR status. Associations between case contact micronutrient concentration and IGRA conversion were estimated using Poisson regression.Results: Of 430 contacts, 115 (27%) underwent IGRA conversion. Ferritin concentration (adjusted for inflammation) was positively associated with risk of IGRA conversion (incidence rate ratio [IRR] for ferritin=1.17; 95% CI 1.01 to 1.35; p=0.03), but other select micronutrients were not. This association held for ferritin in the final multivariable model (IRR=1.27; 95% CI 1.09 to 1.47; p=0.002).Conclusions: The risk of developing M.tb infection, as defined by IGRA conversion, is associated with increasing ferritin. Interventions in TB case contacts to temporarily reduce iron levels, including considering withholding any iron supplementation, may be worthy of evaluation.","PeriodicalId":23218,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":"346-353"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11960743/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143012035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Statistical modeling of acute diarrhea in pediatric malnutrition based on the assessment of nutritional status and clinical manifestations: a retrospective study in South-Punjab, Pakistan. 基于营养状况和临床表现评估的小儿营养不良急性腹泻的统计建模：巴基斯坦南旁遮普省的一项回顾性研究

IF 1.9 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2025-03-28 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/traf036

Muhammad Muneeb Hassan, Muhammad Aman Ullah, Muhammad Ameeq, Qudsia Sarwar, Alpha Kargbo

{"title":"Statistical modeling of acute diarrhea in pediatric malnutrition based on the assessment of nutritional status and clinical manifestations: a retrospective study in South-Punjab, Pakistan.","authors":"Muhammad Muneeb Hassan, Muhammad Aman Ullah, Muhammad Ameeq, Qudsia Sarwar, Alpha Kargbo","doi":"10.1093/trstmh/traf036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/trstmh/traf036","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Childhood severe acute malnutrition (SAM) remains an imperative global health concern, particularly in low- and middle-income countries with limited access to healthcare and nutrition services. The co-occurrence of diarrhea, a common gastrointestinal ailment in children, alongside SAM, amplifies the complexity and danger of the situation. We conducted a thorough investigation into the nutritional and clinical conditions of pediatric patients with SAM and diarrhea, while also exploring any possible gender-related clinical differences.Methods: The study involved 550 children with SAM and diarrhea, ultimately analyzing 485 children aged 1-37 mo. Multinomial logistic regression analysis and descriptive statistics were conducted to determine the impact of various clinical factors on the nutritional status of pediatric diarrhea patients with SAM using statistical software SPSS (version 25) and (R-Studio).Results: The study revealed a predominantly male population (72.8%) aged 1-10 mo (74.80%). Anthropometric measurements varied among the children, emphasizing the need for individualized interventions due to the complexity of this group. The study also investigated gender-related clinical factors and identified a lower likelihood of vomiting in males.Conclusions: This study highlights the nutritional and clinical hurdles faced by pediatric patients with SAM and diarrhea. Although some gender-related distinctions were observed, the overall clinical presentation remained relatively consistent.","PeriodicalId":23218,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143744038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Snakebite in Nicoadala District, central Mozambique: a first assessment based on hospital records. 莫桑比克中部尼科阿达拉区的蛇咬伤：基于医院记录的首次评估。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/traf033

Avelino R Miguel, Eliseu D Conceição, Célio Alfredo, Paulo N Miguel, Hinrich Kaiser

{"title":"Snakebite in Nicoadala District, central Mozambique: a first assessment based on hospital records.","authors":"Avelino R Miguel, Eliseu D Conceição, Célio Alfredo, Paulo N Miguel, Hinrich Kaiser","doi":"10.1093/trstmh/traf033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/trstmh/traf033","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Despite the significant impact of snakebite on public health in the tropics, there is a notable lack of research on this topic in Mozambique. We present an assessment of snakebite incidence in Nicoadala District, central Mozambique.Methods: We analysed hospital records of snakebite for a 6-y period (2015-2020). Data were obtained from registration books used in three health centres and descriptive statistics were generated to illustrate the results.Results: Records document 430 reported cases of snakebite over the 6 y (71.7 per year). The highest incidence was in 2017 with 48.2 per 100 000 people. The month with the highest frequency of snakebite was January, with an average of 51.9 cases per 100 000. Women were 26.7% more likely to be bitten than men (125.8 vs 99.1 per 100 000). Furthermore, people aged 20-39 y had the highest incidence (99.1 per 100 000).Conclusions: Most snakebite cases involved adult women and occurred in the months of November-January in 2016-18. While basic data allow for a preliminary assessment of snakebite incidence, our study was constrained by significant knowledge gaps. These include insufficient information on (1) patients' occupation and activity; (2) time and actions taken to seek medical attention; (3) acute or long-term symptoms; (4) treatments administered; (5) length of hospitalisation and clinical outcomes; and (6) the identity of the snake species responsible. This lack of detail underscores the need for training to standardise and improve clinical documentation of snakebite cases. In addition, community-focused snakebite education is a critical public health need that would likely save many lives.","PeriodicalId":23218,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143731903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spatio-temporal pattern and risk factors associated with cholera outbreaks in selected high-risk areas of Kenya. 与肯尼亚选定高风险地区霍乱暴发相关的时空格局和风险因素。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/traf032

Lydia M Mageto, Nyamai Mutono, Gabriel Aboge, Peter Gathura, Emmanuel Okunga, Annastacia Muange, Cecilia Kathure Mbae, Samuel M Thumbi, Samuel Kariuki

{"title":"Spatio-temporal pattern and risk factors associated with cholera outbreaks in selected high-risk areas of Kenya.","authors":"Lydia M Mageto, Nyamai Mutono, Gabriel Aboge, Peter Gathura, Emmanuel Okunga, Annastacia Muange, Cecilia Kathure Mbae, Samuel M Thumbi, Samuel Kariuki","doi":"10.1093/trstmh/traf032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/trstmh/traf032","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cholera is a public health challenge in Kenya. This study aimed at identifying the spatio-temporal pattern of cholera and its associated risk factors in high-risk areas to optimize resource use for targeted control.Methods: The study was conducted in Mukuru, an informal settlement, Dadaab refugee camp and counties bordering Lake Victoria. Cholera line list data from 32 subcounties (2013-2022) was sourced from Kenya's Ministry of Health. Population and water, sanitation and hygiene data came from the 2019 census. Space-time scan statistic (SaTScan) were used to carry out spatio-temporal analysis and a zero-inflated negative binomial regression model evaluated cholera risk factors.Results: A total of 7316 cholera cases were reported across 22 (69%) subcounties, the highest numbers in 2015, 2016 and 2022 affecting 21, 12 and 3 subcounties, respectively, and none in 2014. Five high-risk space-time clusters encompassing 15 subcounties were identified, with Dadaab and Fafi showing persistent outbreaks. Improved sanitation was the only variable that suggested significant protective effects to cholera control (relative risk 0.9445, p=0.001).Conclusions: Dadaab and Fafi subcounties were extremely high-risk and improved sanitation significantly reduced cholera outbreaks. These data inform cholera intervention policies in vulnerable regions.","PeriodicalId":23218,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143693310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stigma experienced by people with drug-resistant tuberculosis in Lagos, Nigeria: a cross-sectional study. 尼日利亚拉各斯耐药结核病患者的耻辱经历：一项横断面研究。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/traf026

Olusola A Adejumo, Champaklal Jinabhai, Olusoji Daniel, Firoza Haffejee

{"title":"Stigma experienced by people with drug-resistant tuberculosis in Lagos, Nigeria: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Olusola A Adejumo, Champaklal Jinabhai, Olusoji Daniel, Firoza Haffejee","doi":"10.1093/trstmh/traf026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/trstmh/traf026","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Tuberculosis (TB) stigma is one of the factors responsible for low notification rates in Nigeria, especially among people with drug-resistant TB (DR-TB). This study assessed the factors associated with stigma among people with DR-TB in Lagos, Nigeria.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 203 adults on DR-TB treatment. The Redwood DR-TB stigma scale was used to assess the stigma experienced by people with DR-TB. A logistic regression model was used to evaluate the factors associated with TB stigma.Results: The prevalence of TB stigma was 65.5%. Being male (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.59 [95% confidence interval {CI} 1.03 to 6.50], p=0.042), not earning an income (aOR 2.57 [95% CI 1.84 to 7.85], p=0.039), substance use (alcohol or cigarette smoking; aOR 1.61 [95% CI 1.06 to 3.88], p=0.028) and the duration of the DR-TB diagnosis (aOR 2.72 [95% CI 1.94 to 3.83], p<0.001) were associated with stigma among people with DR-TB. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative participants experienced TB stigma 2.4 times more (crude OR 2.4 [95% CI 1.14 to 5.04], p=0.021) than HIV-positive participants, although the relationship was not sustained in the multivariate analysis.Conclusions: Having identified the factors associated with stigma in this target population, it is imperative to address and control them among DR-TB patients in Lagos, Nigeria. The urgent need for stigma reduction strategies cannot be overemphasized.","PeriodicalId":23218,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143650962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2/3 gene deletions and repeat motifs in Chhattisgarh, India (2017-2018). 印度恰蒂斯加尔邦恶性疟原虫富组氨酸蛋白2/3基因缺失和重复基序（2017-2018）

IF 1.9 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/traf029

Shrikant Nema, Monika Kumari, Kanika Verma, Sri Krishna, Nazia A Ali, Anil Kumar Verma, Aparup Das, Anup R Anvikar, Venkatachalam Udhayakumar, Praveen Kumar Bharti

{"title":"Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2/3 gene deletions and repeat motifs in Chhattisgarh, India (2017-2018).","authors":"Shrikant Nema, Monika Kumari, Kanika Verma, Sri Krishna, Nazia A Ali, Anil Kumar Verma, Aparup Das, Anup R Anvikar, Venkatachalam Udhayakumar, Praveen Kumar Bharti","doi":"10.1093/trstmh/traf029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/trstmh/traf029","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are vital for malaria diagnosis, especially in resource-limited areas. RDTs targeting histidine-rich protein 2 (PfHRP2) and its structural homologue PfHRP3 are commonly used for detecting Plasmodium falciparum. However, genetic deletions in these proteins can affect test accuracy. This study aims to examine the gene deletions and sequence variation in the Pfhrp2 and Pfhrp3 genes in P. falciparum isolates from Chhattisgarh, India, and assess their correlation with RDT reactivity.Methods: A total of 264 microscopically confirmed P. falciparumpositive samples from Chhattisgarh were analyzed for deletions in the Pfhrp2 and Pfhrp3 genes. Nucleotide sequences were obtained for the Pfhrp2 (n=101) and Pfhrp3 (n=95) genes. The sequence data were analyzed for repeat motifs and correlated with the RDT performance, especially at low parasite densities.Results: The deletion rates for Pfhrp2 and Pfhrp3 were found to be 3.8% and 14%, respectively. The Pfhrp2 gene exhibited 15 distinct repeat motifs, while the Pfhrp3 gene showed 10 repeat motifs. No significant correlation was observed between variations in repeat types 2 and 7 of Pfhrp2 and the commercial RDT performance, particularly at low parasite densities.Conclusions: The results indicate that the deletion rates and sequence diversity of Pfhrp2 and Pfhrp3 in Chhattisgarh are below the WHO threshold of 5% for a policy change regarding Pfhrp2 gene deletion. Sequence diversity does not appear to compromise the performance of current PfHRP2-based RDTs. However, a larger-scale study encompassing other endemic regions of India is recommended for a more comprehensive understanding of the impact on RDT efficacy over time.","PeriodicalId":23218,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143597881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Incidence and risk factors of cervical laceration following vaginal deliveries in Punakha, Bhutan. 在不丹普纳卡，阴道分娩后宫颈撕裂伤的发生率和危险因素。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/traf027

Nima Dorji, Manish Raj Gurung, Kinga Wangmo, Pema Wangchuk, Daniel Chateau, Tsheten Tsheten

{"title":"Incidence and risk factors of cervical laceration following vaginal deliveries in Punakha, Bhutan.","authors":"Nima Dorji, Manish Raj Gurung, Kinga Wangmo, Pema Wangchuk, Daniel Chateau, Tsheten Tsheten","doi":"10.1093/trstmh/traf027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/trstmh/traf027","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cervical laceration is a critical health issue with significant maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence and risk factors of cervical laceration among mothers following spontaneous vaginal delivery in Punakha, Bhutan.Methods: This retrospective study using a population-based sampling technique included 180 mothers who had spontaneous vaginal delivery. The researchers developed the instruments for data collection and employed logistic regression to identify the predictors of cervical laceration.Results: The incidence of cervical laceration was 23.10% (95% confidence interval [CI] 18.2 to 27.9). Logistic regression revealed that mothers ≤19 y of age had 3.5 times higher odds of experiencing cervical lacerations compared with those ≥30 y of age (adjusted odds ratio 3.5 [95% CI 1.27 to 9.74]).Conclusions: The incidence of cervical laceration was high in this study, with teenagers being at greater risk of experiencing this complication. The Health Ministry of Bhutan needs to strategize and revamp the existing policies and create better awareness campaigns to reduce teenage pregnancies and the grave consequences associated with it.","PeriodicalId":23218,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143597842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Health economics of snakebite envenomation: A sub-Saharan African perspective. 蛇咬伤中毒的卫生经济学：撒哈拉以南非洲的视角。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2025-03-07 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trae062

Innocent Ayesiga, Jonathan Mawutor Gmanyami, Alex Akaka, Olivier Kubwimana, Joshua Naatey Ternor, Ukasha Musa Hashim, Gertrude Ahenewaa Gyabaah, Justice Kwadwo Turzin, Ivan Kahwa

{"title":"Health economics of snakebite envenomation: A sub-Saharan African perspective.","authors":"Innocent Ayesiga, Jonathan Mawutor Gmanyami, Alex Akaka, Olivier Kubwimana, Joshua Naatey Ternor, Ukasha Musa Hashim, Gertrude Ahenewaa Gyabaah, Justice Kwadwo Turzin, Ivan Kahwa","doi":"10.1093/trstmh/trae062","DOIUrl":"10.1093/trstmh/trae062","url":null,"abstract":"Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is affected by the high direct and indirect costs of snakebite envenomation. With >30% of global mortality, different economic barriers still exist, and effective strategies must be employed to avert the burden and promote quality of life. With the WHO target of reducing the number of snakebites by one-half by 2030, different aspects concerning snakebite envenomation economics must be evaluated, and potential strategies must be developed. Strategies such as exploring the different snakebite prevention interventions, and the costs associated with these interventions, must be prioritized through extensive research and targeted surveys. Information obtained from these surveys can be used to draft effective policies to minimize snakebite envenomation incidence, reduce the economic burden associated with envenomation and improve the quality of life of people at risk. In this narrative review, we evaluate the different aspects concerning the health economics of snakebite envenomation and explore the financial capacity of SSA countries to mitigate envenomation. Additionally, we propose multiple steps that could be undertaken to mitigate the financial burden of envenomation in SSA. Furthermore, we propose critical research strategies to minimize direct and indirect costs arising from snakebite envenomation in the region.","PeriodicalId":23218,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":"304-309"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142923417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The dynamics of household sanitation services and faeco-oral diseases externalities in Osun State, southwest Nigeria. 尼日利亚西南部奥苏恩州家庭卫生服务的动态和粪口疾病的外部性。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2025-03-07 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trae101

O O Aluko

{"title":"The dynamics of household sanitation services and faeco-oral diseases externalities in Osun State, southwest Nigeria.","authors":"O O Aluko","doi":"10.1093/trstmh/trae101","DOIUrl":"10.1093/trstmh/trae101","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Maintaining human dignity through sanitation is a perennial challenge and highlights the externalities of sanitation and hygiene services (SHS). In Nigeria, 23.2% practise open defecation, and 45.5% use basic sanitation services, although conventional sewerage systems are rare. This study determines SHS and their predictors in the context of local governance in southwest Nigeria.Methods: The cross-sectional study applied a five-stage sampling technique and elicited information from 542 respondents using a validated semistructured questionnaire. The study results are presented by descriptive and inferential statistics.Results: The mean age of respondents was 48.2±0.8 y. Of these, 64.2% were homeowners, and 40.0% were in the lower wealth quartiles. While 76.9% of respondents had access to toilets, only 16.6% and 18.1% benefitted from safely managed and basic sanitation services, respectively, with 21.2% practising open defecation. Open defecation (42.6%) was prevalent primarily in the Ayedaade local government area (LGA), while safely managed sanitation services (27.6%) and limited sanitation services (54.1%) were predominant in the Olorunda and Ilesa-West LGAs. The predictors influencing household sanitation services included residence, ethnicity and wealth.Conclusions: There were significant inequalities in sanitation access and critical infrastructure, and sanitation quality gaps exist among respondents. The prevalence of open defecation was high, and there was variation in access to sanitation services across different LGAs.","PeriodicalId":23218,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":"228-243"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rates and determinants of COVID-19 vaccine uptake among people living with HIV in Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria. 尼日利亚联邦首都区艾滋病毒感染者接种 COVID-19 疫苗的比例和决定因素。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2025-03-07 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trae094

Victoria Peter Etuk, Charity Sanni, Oluwafemi Omonijo, Stella Ijioma Atema, Temitayo Lawal, Anthonia Murna Yashim-Ankut, Ifeyinwa Ejinkeonye, Henry Chijioke Onyegbutulem, Oyewole K Oyedele, Imoiboho Williams, Nifarta Peingurta Andrew, Evaezi Okpokoro

{"title":"Rates and determinants of COVID-19 vaccine uptake among people living with HIV in Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria.","authors":"Victoria Peter Etuk, Charity Sanni, Oluwafemi Omonijo, Stella Ijioma Atema, Temitayo Lawal, Anthonia Murna Yashim-Ankut, Ifeyinwa Ejinkeonye, Henry Chijioke Onyegbutulem, Oyewole K Oyedele, Imoiboho Williams, Nifarta Peingurta Andrew, Evaezi Okpokoro","doi":"10.1093/trstmh/trae094","DOIUrl":"10.1093/trstmh/trae094","url":null,"abstract":"Background: We investigated coronavirus disease 2109 (COVID-19) vaccine uptake and determinants among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV) in Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Nigeria.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study among PLHIV attending antiretroviral therapy clinics in FCT, Nigeria. We utilized an interviewer-administered, semi-structured questionnaire to collect data on COVID-19 vaccine uptake. Vaccine uptake was measured using the question 'Have you received a COVID-19 vaccine?' and was confirmed with a vaccination card by the interviewer. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, χ2 and binary logistic regressions in Stata version 18.0.Results: Of the 252 study participants, 87 (34.5%) had received at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine, with uptake lower in females than males (30.5% vs 46.1%; p=0.022). Being >50 y of age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.870 [95% confidence interval {CI} 1.049 to 7.858], p=0.040) was associated with higher vaccine uptake, while being virally unsuppressed (aOR 0.313 [95% CI 0.099 to 0.985], p=0.047) and not believing COVID-19 disease is real (aOR 0.324 [95% CI 0.147 to 0.717], p=0.005) were associated with lower odds of vaccine uptake.Conclusions: Vaccination uptake was low among PLHIV in our study. It is critical to target vaccination campaigns to PLHIV, particularly females and younger people. Proper education about COVID-19 itself would contribute to vaccine uptake.","PeriodicalId":23218,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":"210-220"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0