Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene最新文献_第10页

The spectrum of central nervous system manifestations in leprosy: a systematic review of published case reports and case series. 麻风病的中枢神经系统表现谱：对已发表的病例报告和病例系列的系统回顾。

IF 2.2 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2024-03-04 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trad072

Ravindra Kumar Garg, Ravi Uniyal, Shweta Pandey, Nidhi Tejan, Imran Rizvi, Praveen Kumar Sharma, Neeraj Kumar, Hardeep Singh Malhotra

{"title":"The spectrum of central nervous system manifestations in leprosy: a systematic review of published case reports and case series.","authors":"Ravindra Kumar Garg, Ravi Uniyal, Shweta Pandey, Nidhi Tejan, Imran Rizvi, Praveen Kumar Sharma, Neeraj Kumar, Hardeep Singh Malhotra","doi":"10.1093/trstmh/trad072","DOIUrl":"10.1093/trstmh/trad072","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This systematic review aimed to investigate central nervous system (CNS) involvement in leprosy by analysing multiple cohort studies, individual cases and case series.Methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed. PubMed, Scopus and Embase databases were searched up to 8 July 2023, using a predefined search strategy. Inclusion criteria included patients diagnosed with leprosy with evidence of CNS involvement. The quality of the included cases was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist.Results: A total of 34 records were identified, including 18 cohort studies and 16 reports describing 27 isolated cases. Autopsies revealed macroscopic changes in the spinal cord, neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques. Mycobacterium leprae was detected in neurons of the medulla oblongata and spinal cord using PCR and phenolic glycolipid 1 staining. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis showed inflammatory changes, increased gamma globulins and detection of Mycobacterium leprae antigens and antibodies. In 21 patients (78%), spinal cord/brachial plexus abnormities were detected. In the majority, MRI revealed T2/fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) hyperintensity in the cervical cord. In patients with brainstem involvement, T2/FLAIR hyperintensity was noted in the cerebellar peduncles, facial nerve nuclei and/or other cranial nerve nuclei. Brain parenchymal involvement was noted in three patients.Conclusions: This systematic review provides evidence of CNS involvement in leprosy, based on autopsy findings, neuroimaging, CSF analysis and neurophysiological studies.","PeriodicalId":23218,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41238744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Newly detected paediatric melioidosis cases in a single referral children's hospital in Ho Chi Minh City indicate the probable underrecognition of melioidosis in South Vietnam. 在胡志明市的一家转诊儿童医院新发现的儿科类鼻疽病例表明，在越南南部可能对类鼻疽的认识不足。

IF 2.2 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2024-03-04 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trad080

Thai Son Pham, Elisabeth König, The Trung Bui, Thi Ngoc Anh Vu, Tran Nam Nguyen, Chau Viet Do, Sabine Lichtenegger, Nguyen Hai Linh Bui, Huu Tung Trinh, Ivo Steinmetz, Thanh Trung Trinh

{"title":"Newly detected paediatric melioidosis cases in a single referral children's hospital in Ho Chi Minh City indicate the probable underrecognition of melioidosis in South Vietnam.","authors":"Thai Son Pham, Elisabeth König, The Trung Bui, Thi Ngoc Anh Vu, Tran Nam Nguyen, Chau Viet Do, Sabine Lichtenegger, Nguyen Hai Linh Bui, Huu Tung Trinh, Ivo Steinmetz, Thanh Trung Trinh","doi":"10.1093/trstmh/trad080","DOIUrl":"10.1093/trstmh/trad080","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The epidemiology of melioidosis in Vietnam, a disease caused by the soil bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei, remains unclear. This study aimed to detect paediatric melioidosis in South Vietnam and describe clinical features and the geographic distribution.Methods: We introduced a simple laboratory algorithm for detecting B. pseudomallei from clinical samples at Children's Hospital 2 in Ho Chi Minh City in July 2015. A retrospective observational study of children <16 y of age with culture-confirmed melioidosis between July 2015 and August 2019 was undertaken.Results: Thirty-five paediatric cases of melioidosis were detected, with cases originating from 13 of 32 provinces and cities in South Vietnam. The number of paediatric melioidosis cases detected from a certain region correlated with the overall number of inpatients originating from the respective geographic area. Suppurative parotitis (n=15 [42.8%]) was the most common clinical presentation, followed by lung infection (n=10 [28.6%]) and septicaemia (n=7 [20%]). Fourteen (40%) children had disseminated disease, including all cases of lung infection, four cases with central nervous system symptoms and four (11.4%) deaths.Conclusions: The patients' origin indicates a wide distribution of melioidosis in South Vietnam. It seems probable that cases not only in children, but also in adults, remain grossly undiagnosed. Further awareness raising and laboratory capacity strengthening are needed in this part of the country.","PeriodicalId":23218,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138435119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fighting the neglected tropical disease: Cameroon's battle against river blindness. 与被忽视的热带疾病作斗争：喀麦隆与河盲症作斗争。

IF 2.2 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2024-03-04 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trad073

Prakasini Satapathy, Gurmanjeet Kaur, Mubarick Nungbaso Asumah, Isah Idris Ainavi, Sarvesh Rustagi, Keerti Bhusan Pradhan, Zahraa Haleem Al-Qaim, Ranjit Sah, Bijaya K Padhi

引用次数: 0

National health insurance scheme improves access and optimization of antimicrobial use in the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. 国家健康保险计划改善了尼日利亚Ile-Ife的奥巴费米·阿沃洛沃大学教学医院综合医院获得和优化抗微生物药物的使用。

IF 2.2 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2024-03-04 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trad083

Temitope O Obadare, Taiwo O Ogundipe, Adeyemi T Adeyemo, Caleb M Aboderin, Doyin R Abiola, Naheemot O Sule, Aaron O Aboderin

{"title":"National health insurance scheme improves access and optimization of antimicrobial use in the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.","authors":"Temitope O Obadare, Taiwo O Ogundipe, Adeyemi T Adeyemo, Caleb M Aboderin, Doyin R Abiola, Naheemot O Sule, Aaron O Aboderin","doi":"10.1093/trstmh/trad083","DOIUrl":"10.1093/trstmh/trad083","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Nigeria instituted the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) for universal health coverage. This study compared the NHIS and out-of-pocket (OOP) antibiotic prescribing with the World Health Organization (WHO) optimal values.Methods: A total of 2190 prescription forms from the NHIS and OOP were included in this study conducted at Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Nigeria from January 2021 to December 2022 and analysed using WHO drug prescribing guidelines.Results: The average number of drugs per encounter was higher in the NHIS prescribing (χ2=58.956, p=0.00) than in OOP prescribing. The percentage of encounters with an antibiotic prescribed is higher in NHIS prescribing (χ2=46.034, p=0.000) than in OOP prescribing. The percentage of parenteral antibiotic prescribing is higher in OOP prescribing (χ2=25.413, p=0.000) than in NHIS prescribing. The percentage of antibiotic prescribed from the National Essential Medicine List is higher in NHIS prescribing (χ2=8.227, p=0.000) as well as the antibiotics prescribed from the Access category of the WHO Access, Watch and Reserve (AWaRe) Classification of antibiotics (χ2=23.946, p=0.000) when compared with OOP prescribing.Conclusions: Prescribing indicators show better performances with NHIS antibiotic prescribing and are closer to the WHO-recommended optimal values than in OPP prescribing. Hence NHIS prescribing can be an easy target for hospital antibiotic stewardship intervention for optimal antibiotic prescribing.","PeriodicalId":23218,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138452657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Syndecan-1 levels predict septic shock in critically ill patients with COVID-19. Syndecan-1水平预测新冠肺炎危重患者感染性休克。

IF 2.2 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2024-03-04 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trad077

Nilcyeli Linhares Aragão, Marza de Sousa Zaranza, Gdayllon Cavalcante Meneses, Ana Paula Pires Lázaro, Álvaro Rolim Guimarães, Alice Maria Costa Martins, Natalia Linhares Ponte Aragão, Andrea Mazza Beliero, Geraldo Bezerra da Silva Júnior, Sandra Mara Brasileiro Mota, Polianna Lemos Moura Moreira Albuquerque, Elizabeth De Francesco Daher, Veralice Meireles Sales De Bruin, Pedro Felipe Carvalhedo de Bruin

{"title":"Syndecan-1 levels predict septic shock in critically ill patients with COVID-19.","authors":"Nilcyeli Linhares Aragão, Marza de Sousa Zaranza, Gdayllon Cavalcante Meneses, Ana Paula Pires Lázaro, Álvaro Rolim Guimarães, Alice Maria Costa Martins, Natalia Linhares Ponte Aragão, Andrea Mazza Beliero, Geraldo Bezerra da Silva Júnior, Sandra Mara Brasileiro Mota, Polianna Lemos Moura Moreira Albuquerque, Elizabeth De Francesco Daher, Veralice Meireles Sales De Bruin, Pedro Felipe Carvalhedo de Bruin","doi":"10.1093/trstmh/trad077","DOIUrl":"10.1093/trstmh/trad077","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The clinical picture of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated sepsis is similar to that of sepsis of other aetiologies. The present study aims to analyse the role of syndecan-1 (SDC-1) as a potential predictor of septic shock in critically ill patients with COVID-19.Methods: This is a prospective study of 86 critically ill patients due to COVID-19 infection. Patients were followed until day 28 of hospitalization. Vascular biomarkers, such as vascular cell adhesion protein-1, SDC-1, angiopoietin-1 and angiopoietin-2, were quantified upon admission and associated with the need for vasopressors in the first 7 d of hospitalization.Results: A total of 86 patients with COVID-19 (mean age 60±16 y; 51 men [59%]) were evaluated. Thirty-six (42%) patients died during hospitalization and 50 (58%) survived. The group receiving vasopressors had higher levels of D-dimer (2.46 ng/ml [interquartile range {IQR} 0.6-6.1] vs 1.01 ng/ml [IQR 0.62-2.6], p=0.019) and lactate dehydrogenase (929±382 U/l vs 766±312 U/l, p=0.048). The frequency of deaths during hospitalization was higher in the group that received vasoactive amines in the first 24 h in the intensive care unit (70% vs 30%, p=0.002). SDC-1 levels were independently associated with the need for vasoactive amines, and admission values >269 ng/ml (95% CI 0.524 to 0.758, p=0.024) were able to predict the need for vasopressors during the 7 d following admission.Conclusions: Syndecan-1 levels predict septic shock in critically ill patients with COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":23218,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66784341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An intervention study investigating the effectiveness of contextualizing multimodal strategy on improving hand hygiene at a tertiary hospital in Nigeria. 一项干预研究，调查了尼日利亚一家三级医院在改善手部卫生方面采用情境化多模式策略的有效性。

IF 2.2 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2024-03-04 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trad081

Yahaya Yaqub, Zainab Lamido Tanko, Aliyu Aminu, Usman Yahya Umar, Joan Ejembi

{"title":"An intervention study investigating the effectiveness of contextualizing multimodal strategy on improving hand hygiene at a tertiary hospital in Nigeria.","authors":"Yahaya Yaqub, Zainab Lamido Tanko, Aliyu Aminu, Usman Yahya Umar, Joan Ejembi","doi":"10.1093/trstmh/trad081","DOIUrl":"10.1093/trstmh/trad081","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hand hygiene (HH) is a proven low-cost means to curtail the problem of hospital-acquired infection (HAI). However, a low HH compliance rate of 17.1% was found among surgical health workers at Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital (ABUTH) in Zaria, Nigeria.Methods: This was an intervention study conducted utilizing mixed methods to investigate the effectiveness of the World Health Organization (WHO) multimodal strategy to improve the HH compliance rate of doctors at ABUTH Zaria. The study was conducted between June and August 2022 and included delivering a behavioural change HH workshop to doctors followed by data collection in the surgical wards that had received environmental modification through the provision of an alcohol-based hand rub (ABHR), HH posters and nurses for visual and/or verbal reminders.Results: The cumulative HH compliance rate was 69% (n=1774) and was significantly different from the baseline HH compliance rate of 17.1% (confidence interval 45.5 to 57.7, p<0.001). Observed HH was highest in the ward with both visual and verbal reminders (78%) and lowest (59%) where neither visual nor verbal reminders were provided (n=444 per ward). All respondents reported motivation to perform HH with the presence of ABHR.Conclusions: The WHO multimodal strategy is good for enhancing HH among health workers in the context of low- and middle-income countries. More research is needed to understand how much of a reduction in HAI is directly associated with efficient HH by health workers.","PeriodicalId":23218,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138296079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Artesunate-mefloquine therapy for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of efficacy and safety. Artesunate mefloquine治疗无并发症恶性疟原虫疟疾：疗效和安全性的最新系统综述和荟萃分析。

IF 2.2 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trad069

Beatriz Sales de Freitas, Gabriel Haiek Fernandes, Ana Carolina Esteves da Silva Pereira, Henry Maia Peixoto

{"title":"Artesunate-mefloquine therapy for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of efficacy and safety.","authors":"Beatriz Sales de Freitas, Gabriel Haiek Fernandes, Ana Carolina Esteves da Silva Pereira, Henry Maia Peixoto","doi":"10.1093/trstmh/trad069","DOIUrl":"10.1093/trstmh/trad069","url":null,"abstract":"To provide a continuous update on the safety and efficacy of artesunate-mefloquine (ASMQ) compared with other artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) schemes used in the treatment of uncomplicated malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum, this study updated and expanded the results of the systematic literature review published in 2016. Only randomised controlled clinical trials published from 1 January 2001 to 12 June 2023 from five databases were included in this study. The results related to efficacy, expressed through RR, were summarized in meta-analyses, performed according to the compared ACTs and with the intention-to-treat and per-protocol analyses. The results related to safety were synthesized in a descriptive manner. Thirty-two studies were included, of which 24 had been analysed in the 2016 review and eight new ones were added. Although the methodological quality of most studies was considered moderate, the body of evidence gathered indicates that ASMQ continues to be safe and effective for the treatment of uncomplicated infections caused by P. falciparum compared with other ACTs. However, the inclusion of two new studies, which identified failure rates exceeding 10%, suggests a possible reduction in the efficacy of ASMQ in the analysed locations. The incidence of serious adverse effects, such as seizure, encephalopathy and cardiac arrhythmia, was infrequent in both the ASMQ group and the comparison groups. After including new evidence, ASMQ is still recommended as a first-line treatment of uncomplicated malaria caused by P. falciparum, although local aspects need to be considered.","PeriodicalId":23218,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41166480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluating the sensitivity and specificity of Determine™ HIV-1/2 rapid test using a 0.01M phosphate-buffered saline produced at the Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia for the diagnosis of HIV. 评估Determine的敏感性和特异性™ 使用冈比亚医学研究委员会单位生产的0.01M磷酸盐缓冲盐水进行HIV-1/2快速检测，用于诊断HIV。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trad071

Anna Boté-Casamitjana, Tisbeh Faye-Joof, Ousman Bah, Sira Jallow, Alagie Camara, Olimatou Jallow, Nuredin Mohammed, Karen Forrest, Behzad Nadjm

{"title":"Evaluating the sensitivity and specificity of Determine™ HIV-1/2 rapid test using a 0.01M phosphate-buffered saline produced at the Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia for the diagnosis of HIV.","authors":"Anna Boté-Casamitjana, Tisbeh Faye-Joof, Ousman Bah, Sira Jallow, Alagie Camara, Olimatou Jallow, Nuredin Mohammed, Karen Forrest, Behzad Nadjm","doi":"10.1093/trstmh/trad071","DOIUrl":"10.1093/trstmh/trad071","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are widely used. However, buffer stockouts commonly lead to utilising non-approved liquids, resulting in errors. Our aim was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of an alternative buffer.Methods: Paired Determine HIV-1/2 rapid tests with commercial buffer and locally produced 0.01M phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) were performed on consecutive consenting individuals requiring HIV testing. Serum samples were sent for confirmation through the local gold-standard algorithm (Murex HIV Ag/Ab, Hexagon HIV with/without Geenius HIV 1/2). Test accuracy, κ and exact McNemar's test were also carried out.Results: Of 167 participants, 137 had confirmatory testing. The sensitivity of the Determine HIV-1/2 test using PBS compared with the gold standard was 100% (95% confidence interval [CI] 90.5 to 100) with a specificity of 98% (95% CI 92.9 to 99.8). The κ value was 0.94 compared with the gold standard and 0.92 compared with the Determine HIV-1/2 test using the commercial buffer. McNemar's test showed no evidence of differing sensitivities. Due to operational constraints, the study included 37 of the 49 positive cases as determined by the sample size calculation, resulting in an attained power of 80% instead of the intended 90%.Conclusions: These results suggest that 0.01M PBS is an alternative solution for Determine HIV-1/2 when buffer stockouts occur.","PeriodicalId":23218,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10833640/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41213997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

No secondary impact of ivermectin mass drug administration for onchocerciasis elimination on the prevalence of scabies in northwestern Ethiopia. 为消除盘尾丝虫病而大量施用伊维菌素不会对埃塞俄比亚西北部的疥疮发病率产生二次影响。

IF 2.2 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trad061

Robel Yirgu, Jo Middleton, Abebaw Fekadu, Gail Davey, Stephen Bremner, Christopher Iain Jones, Jackie A Cassell

{"title":"No secondary impact of ivermectin mass drug administration for onchocerciasis elimination on the prevalence of scabies in northwestern Ethiopia.","authors":"Robel Yirgu, Jo Middleton, Abebaw Fekadu, Gail Davey, Stephen Bremner, Christopher Iain Jones, Jackie A Cassell","doi":"10.1093/trstmh/trad061","DOIUrl":"10.1093/trstmh/trad061","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Mass drug administration (MDA) is among the five major strategies that are currently in use to control, eliminate or eradicate Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs). Optimising MDA to control multiple NTDs maximises impact. The objective of this study is to estimate the secondary impact of ivermectin MDA for onchocerciasis on the prevalence of scabies.Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted in Ayu Guagusa district, northwestern Ethiopia. Scabies prevalence was estimated in surveys before the MDA, at 6 and 12 months afterwards. The sample size was 1437 people from a panel of 381 randomly selected study households. Multistage sampling was employed in randomly selecting six kebeles (the lowest administrative unit) with respective gotes (small villages) and households. All members of the selected households were invited to participate in the study and participants who were available in all three surveys formed a cohort.Results: Scabies prevalence was similar prior to the MDA (13.4%, 95% CI 11.7 to 15.2%) and 6 months after (11.7%, 95% CI 10.1 to 13.2%) but was substantially greater at 12 months (22.1%, 95% CI 20.1 to 24.1%). The 6-month incidence and disappearance rates were 10.8% (95% CI 8.8 to 13.2%) and 82.6% (95% CI 75.0 to 88.6%), respectively.Conclusions: Ivermectin MDA for onchocerciasis was not observed to have a secondary impact on the prevalence of scabies over the follow-up period of 12 months.","PeriodicalId":23218,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10152961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Molecular detection of dengue and chikungunya viruses in surveillance of wild-caught Aedes mosquitoes in Punjab, North India. 在印度北部旁遮普省对野生伊蚊的监测中进行登革热和基孔肯雅病毒的分子检测。

IF 2.2 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trad054

Taruna Kaura, Subhabrata Sarkar, Vikrant Sharma, Abhishek Mewara, Seema Devi, NazatInder Singh, Kanwalpreet Kaur, Rakesh Sehgal, R K Ratho, Gagandeep Singh Grover

{"title":"Molecular detection of dengue and chikungunya viruses in surveillance of wild-caught Aedes mosquitoes in Punjab, North India.","authors":"Taruna Kaura, Subhabrata Sarkar, Vikrant Sharma, Abhishek Mewara, Seema Devi, NazatInder Singh, Kanwalpreet Kaur, Rakesh Sehgal, R K Ratho, Gagandeep Singh Grover","doi":"10.1093/trstmh/trad054","DOIUrl":"10.1093/trstmh/trad054","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Dengue (DENV), Zika (ZIKV) and chikungunya (CHIKV) viruses are transmitted mainly by Aedes mosquitoes and are responsible for a significant global healthcare burden. The current study aimed to detect arboviruses in the Aedes mosquitoes in close proximity of patients during the transmission season.Methods: Both immature and adult mosquitoes were collected from in and around the patients' houses. Mosquito pools were homogenized and extracted RNA was subjected to reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for arboviral detection. Transovarian transmission (TOT) was assessed by screening F0 adults. Mosquito positivity was correlated with the aetiological agents identified in patients.Results: Of 46 pools, 19 consisted of wild Aedes, with arboviral positivity in 53% (10/19) of pools. Among wild A. aegypti pools, positivity of DENV mono-infection, CHIKV mono-infection and DENV+CHIKV co-infection was noted in four, two and three pools, respectively. One wild pool of Aedes albopictus was positive for DENV-1. Similarly, A. aegypti F0 (adult Aedes developed from immatures) pools showed 59.2% (16/27) positivity for arboviruses. F0 Aedes showed positivity in three, six and seven pools for DENV-2, CHIKV and DENV+CHIKV, respectively, suggestive of TOT. DENV serotypes and CHIKV from 24 patients' serum samples were matched with strains isolated from Aedes and correlation was observed in four instances.Conclusions: The study detected DENV and CHIKV from wild-caught Aedes and found evidence of DENV and CHIKV TOT in F0 adults.","PeriodicalId":23218,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10396736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0