Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene最新文献_第9页

Atomic clarity: how structural biology is shaping blood-stage malaria vaccines. 原子清晰度：结构生物学如何塑造血液期疟疾疫苗。

IF 1.6 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2026-07-07 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trag039

Shrikant Nema, Sumit Rathore, Manidipa Banerjee, Z Hong Zhou, Asif Mohmmed, Pawan Malhotra

引用次数: 0

Malaria in Papua New Guinean infants: a prespecified analysis of a randomised postpartum antimalarial treatment trial. 巴布亚新几内亚婴儿的疟疾：对一项随机产后抗疟疾治疗试验的预先指定分析。

IF 1.6 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2026-07-07 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trag042

Paula Tesine, Sze-Ann Woon, Moses Laman, Gumul Yadi, Bernadine Kasian, Lina Lorry, Sam Salman, William Pomat, Laurens Manning, HuiJun Chih, Brioni R Moore, Timothy M E Davis

{"title":"Malaria in Papua New Guinean infants: a prespecified analysis of a randomised postpartum antimalarial treatment trial.","authors":"Paula Tesine, Sze-Ann Woon, Moses Laman, Gumul Yadi, Bernadine Kasian, Lina Lorry, Sam Salman, William Pomat, Laurens Manning, HuiJun Chih, Brioni R Moore, Timothy M E Davis","doi":"10.1093/trstmh/trag042","DOIUrl":"10.1093/trstmh/trag042","url":null,"abstract":"Background: There are scant and variable data concerning the incidence of malaria in infants in endemic areas. This study evaluated the impact of maternal antimalarial treatment given postpartum on malaria incidence and growth/development in infants from coastal Papua New Guinea (PNG).Methods: In an open-label, randomised controlled trial conducted in Madang Province, PNG, 183 mothers were randomised to no treatment (NT) or to artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) with further random allocation to artemether-lumefantrine or dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine. Their infants were assessed monthly over the next 6 months including for malaria identified by microscopy and/or polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Results: Of 151 infants who completed study procedures, 2 developed slide-positive malaria (1 Plasmodium falciparum, 1 Plasmodium vivax; 1.3% [95% confidence interval {CI} 0.2 to 5.2]). Three others had PCR-detected infections (two P. falciparum, one P. vivax). The overall 6-month incidence of slide-/PCR-positive malaria was 3.3% (95% CI 1.2 to 8.0). Four of the five cases occurred in infants whose mothers were randomised to NT. There were no statistically significant between-group differences in infant growth and developmental milestones.Conclusions: The risk of malaria in early infancy in coastal PNG is low and infections are typically asymptomatic. Postpartum maternal ACT did not influence infant growth or development.","PeriodicalId":23218,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":"781-786"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147782083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Extreme heat, perinatal mental health and early infant care: the overlooked climate threat in low-resource settings. 极端高温、围产期心理健康和早期婴儿护理：资源匮乏环境中被忽视的气候威胁。

IF 1.6 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2026-07-07 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trag020

Sehar Tejani

引用次数: 0

IRIS, HLH and persistent TB in a patient with HIV. HIV患者的IRIS、HLH和持续性结核。

IF 1.6 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2026-07-07 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trag040

Praveen Kumar Tirlangi, Venkata Swathi Kiran Pothumarthy, Anjely Sebastian, Nitin Gupta

{"title":"IRIS, HLH and persistent TB in a patient with HIV.","authors":"Praveen Kumar Tirlangi, Venkata Swathi Kiran Pothumarthy, Anjely Sebastian, Nitin Gupta","doi":"10.1093/trstmh/trag040","DOIUrl":"10.1093/trstmh/trag040","url":null,"abstract":"Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) is a frequent complication of advanced human immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV)-tuberculosis (TB) coinfection and, in severe cases, may overlap with secondary haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), creating significant diagnostic and therapeutic uncertainty. We report a 34-year-old man with newly diagnosed HIV infection (CD4 count 54 cells/mm3) who developed disseminated TB 2 weeks after initiation of antiretroviral therapy, consistent with unmasking TB-associated IRIS. Despite appropriate antitubercular therapy (ATT) and corticosteroids, he developed persistent fever, progressive cytopenias, hyperferritinaemia and bone marrow haemophagocytosis, fulfilling criteria for secondary HLH, with transient clinical improvement following etoposide therapy. During corticosteroid tapering, recurrent fever occurred with persistent splenic lesions despite radiologic resolution of pulmonary disease. Splenectomy demonstrated necrotizing granulomatous inflammation with a heavy acid-fast bacillary load, confirming a microbiologically active splenic sanctuary focus. Subsequent therapeutic drug monitoring revealed markedly subtherapeutic rifampicin and ethambutol concentrations, prompting dose escalation and optimization of ATT. Following antimicrobial optimization and gradual withdrawal of immunosuppression, the patient achieved sustained clinical recovery, virologic suppression and immune reconstitution. This case illustrates a sequential continuum linking TB-IRIS, secondary HLH and infection-sustained inflammation driven by inadequate antimicrobial exposure, emphasizing the importance of reassessing persistent inflammation in HIV-TB for occult infection and pharmacokinetic failure before escalation of immunosuppressive therapy.","PeriodicalId":23218,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":"812-817"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147782100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Surveillance and sociodemographic risk profiling of human soil-transmitted helminth infections in Gabon, Central Africa. 中非加蓬人类土壤传播蠕虫感染的监测和社会人口风险分析。

IF 1.6 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2026-07-07 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trag038

Huan Zhao, Polydor N Mutombo, Rodrigue Mintsa-Nguema, Dieudonné Nkoghe, Julienne Atsame, Francesca Azzato, Eileen Hor, Jee Hinaut, Maryza Graham, Emily Grahn, Matthew Watts, Constantin Constantinoiu, Richard S Bradbury

{"title":"Surveillance and sociodemographic risk profiling of human soil-transmitted helminth infections in Gabon, Central Africa.","authors":"Huan Zhao, Polydor N Mutombo, Rodrigue Mintsa-Nguema, Dieudonné Nkoghe, Julienne Atsame, Francesca Azzato, Eileen Hor, Jee Hinaut, Maryza Graham, Emily Grahn, Matthew Watts, Constantin Constantinoiu, Richard S Bradbury","doi":"10.1093/trstmh/trag038","DOIUrl":"10.1093/trstmh/trag038","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Sub-Saharan Africa bears the highest global burden of soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections. In Gabon, community-level epidemiological data remain limited and no molecular surveillance of STHs has been conducted to date.Methods: In July 2023, a community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in rural and urban areas of Ngounié Province, Gabon. Stool samples from 233 participants were analysed using formalin-ethyl acetate sedimentation microscopy and the Allplex GI-Helminth(I) quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay.Results: Overall, 70.0% (95% CI 63.6 to 75.8) of participants tested positive for at least one STH by microscopy or qPCR. Trichuris spp. was the most prevalent helminth (59.2% [95% CI 52.6 to 65.6]), followed by Ascaris spp. (48.1% [95% CI 41.5 to 54.7%]), hookworms (18.5% [95% CI 13.7 to 24.0]) and Strongyloides spp. (12.0% [95% CI 8.1 to 16.9]). Microscopy identified Strongyloides fuelleborni in 2.7% of samples. qPCR detected Necator americanus in 16.7% and Ancylostoma spp. in 0.4%. Rural residence was independently associated with Ascaris spp. (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 2.50; p=0.007) and Trichuris spp. (AOR 2.45; p=0.008) infections. Male sex (AOR 3.83; p=0.010) and age 18-40 y (AOR 4.90; p=0.011) were associated with Strongyloides spp. infection.Conclusions: STH infections remain endemic in certain Gabonese communities. The findings highlight the need for species-specific surveillance using sensitive molecular diagnostics to inform targeted control strategies.","PeriodicalId":23218,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":"771-780"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13339095/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147782181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Clinico-epidemiological profile of snakebite cases in Siraha District, Nepal: a 10-year retrospective study. 尼泊尔Siraha地区蛇咬伤病例的临床流行病学分析：一项10年回顾性研究

IF 1.6 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2026-07-07 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trag037

Akash Raut, Puja Sah, Suraj Shrestha, Sabin Thapaliya

{"title":"Clinico-epidemiological profile of snakebite cases in Siraha District, Nepal: a 10-year retrospective study.","authors":"Akash Raut, Puja Sah, Suraj Shrestha, Sabin Thapaliya","doi":"10.1093/trstmh/trag037","DOIUrl":"10.1093/trstmh/trag037","url":null,"abstract":"Snakebite is a neglected tropical disease causing significant mortality in Nepal's Terai region. This 10-year retrospective study (April 2014 to March 2024) analyzed 3499 cases at Lahan Hospital, Siraha. Systemic envenomation occurred in 4.6% of patients (n = 160), 70% of whom exhibited neurotoxicity. The median age was 29 years, with a slight female predominance (51.8%). Most bites occurred during the monsoon (73.2%), and night-time bites during sleep were strongly associated with envenomation (OR 28.4). Only 3.5% of victims arrived within the 'golden hour,' with a median arrival time of 4.8 hours. Arrival after 6 hours significantly increased mortality risk (OR 4.2). Harmful first-aid practices, such as tourniquet use, were reported in 25.5% of cases and were associated with higher odds of death (OR 1.9). The overall hospital-based case fatality rate (CFR) was 1.66%, but this rose to 36.25% among systemically envenomed patients. Notably, 11.25% of envenomed patients died before antivenom could be administered, often presenting in cardiac arrest. While overall mortality remains low, the high fatality among envenomed victims highlights critical gaps in prehospital care. Reducing deaths requires community-based interventions to minimize transport delays and discourage unsafe first-aid practices.","PeriodicalId":23218,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":"764-770"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147782088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Integrating zooprophylaxis, insecticide-treated livestock and mosquito nets for malaria control: a One Health proposal. 将动物预防、经杀虫剂处理的牲畜和蚊帐纳入疟疾控制：一个健康提案。

IF 1.6 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2026-07-07 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trag036

Gbeminiyi R Otolorin, Oyelola A Adegboye, Charibu H Dishon, Hassana I Dunka, Adanu W Adanu, Cecilia O Ihieri, Emma S McBryde

引用次数: 0

Lessons from the field: implementing an electronic clinical decision support app for acute febrile illness in rural Cambodia. 实地经验：在柬埔寨农村为急性发热性疾病实施电子临床决策支持应用程序。

IF 1.6 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2026-07-07 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trag035

Abhijit Mishra, Elke Wynberg, Marco Liverani, Moul Vanna, Phal Chanpheakdey, Chea Nguon, James J Callery, Bipin Adhikari, Rupam Tripura, Arjun Chandna, Greg Fegan, Naomi Waithira, Thomas J Peto, Bunreth Voeurng, Chan Davoeng, Huy Rekol, Lek Dysoley, Nicholas P J Day, Yoel Lubell, Rusheng Chew

{"title":"Lessons from the field: implementing an electronic clinical decision support app for acute febrile illness in rural Cambodia.","authors":"Abhijit Mishra, Elke Wynberg, Marco Liverani, Moul Vanna, Phal Chanpheakdey, Chea Nguon, James J Callery, Bipin Adhikari, Rupam Tripura, Arjun Chandna, Greg Fegan, Naomi Waithira, Thomas J Peto, Bunreth Voeurng, Chan Davoeng, Huy Rekol, Lek Dysoley, Nicholas P J Day, Yoel Lubell, Rusheng Chew","doi":"10.1093/trstmh/trag035","DOIUrl":"10.1093/trstmh/trag035","url":null,"abstract":"To improve the management of acute febrile illness in rural low- and middle-income country (LMIC) primary care settings, we developed the Electronic clinical Decision support for Acute fever Management (EDAM) app and evaluated it through a cluster-randomised trial in rural Cambodian primary health centres (PHCs). In parallel, we conducted structured, mixed methods observations at a subset of participating PHCs to document key challenges in screening, enrolling and managing patients. A key lesson was the critical importance of user-centred design to align digital tools with health worker workflows and capabilities. The lessons from these observations may help guide researchers and policymakers developing novel digital health solutions for low- and semi-skilled health workers in rural LMIC settings. Our experiences could offer valuable insights, as there are few documented digital health interventions designed for these contexts. Furthermore, navigating the challenges of implementation and subsequent evaluation remains a significant hurdle for the field.","PeriodicalId":23218,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":"741-745"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7619126/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147782075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Risk of transmission of sleeping sickness in the four historical epicentre villages of the Bipindi focus, Cameroon. 喀麦隆Bipindi疫源地四个历史震中村庄昏睡病传播的风险。

IF 1.6 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2026-07-07 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trag044

Guy R Njitchouang, Jeanne C Sondi Dissake, Laurentine Sumo, André Domche, Alphonse Acho, Hugues C Nana Djeunga, Joseph Kamgno, Flobert Njiokou

{"title":"Risk of transmission of sleeping sickness in the four historical epicentre villages of the Bipindi focus, Cameroon.","authors":"Guy R Njitchouang, Jeanne C Sondi Dissake, Laurentine Sumo, André Domche, Alphonse Acho, Hugues C Nana Djeunga, Joseph Kamgno, Flobert Njiokou","doi":"10.1093/trstmh/trag044","DOIUrl":"10.1093/trstmh/trag044","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Bipindi is a historic focus of human African trypanosomiasis (HAT). With the number of cases declining to near-elimination levels, understanding the current entomological risk is crucial to guiding elimination strategies.Methods: Two entomological surveys in four historical sentinel villages used pyramidal traps to capture tsetse flies. Dissected midguts were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for trypanosome infection. Blood meal origins were identified using cytochrome B gene heteroduplex analysis.Results: Glossina palpalis palpalis was accounted for 99.0% of 708 captured tsetse flies. Apparent density was significantly higher in the dry season (2.11) than in the rainy season (0.89) (P < .0001). Blood meal analysis revealed that these flies fed on pigs (25.0%), humans (16.7%), dogs (12.5%) and goats (8.3%). PCR-based analysis of 371 flies detected Trypanosoma congolense (16.4%), Trypanozoon spp. (8.1%) and Trypanosoma vivax (2.7%). No Trypanosoma brucei gambiense was found, suggesting no transmission risk, despite high vector competence.Conclusions: Although no evidence of T. b. gambiense transmission was found in this study, the presence of competent tsetse flies represents a potential danger that could jeopardize current control efforts, underscoring the need for sustained integrated surveillance and vector control to achieve elimination.","PeriodicalId":23218,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":"794-801"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147782241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Extreme weather effects on health services and communities in low and lower-middle income countries: a thematic systematic review. 极端天气对低收入和中低收入国家卫生服务和社区的影响：专题系统审查。

IF 1.6 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2026-07-07 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trag007

Julii Brainard, Yovitha Sedekia, Natalia R Jones, Michael Matte, Patrick Sunday, Deborah Watson-Jones, Daniel Dennis Mapemba, Severin A Kabakama, Edgar Mugema Mulogo, Moses Ntaro, Tran Thi Tuyet-Hanh, Paul R Hunter, Jo-Anne Geere

{"title":"Extreme weather effects on health services and communities in low and lower-middle income countries: a thematic systematic review.","authors":"Julii Brainard, Yovitha Sedekia, Natalia R Jones, Michael Matte, Patrick Sunday, Deborah Watson-Jones, Daniel Dennis Mapemba, Severin A Kabakama, Edgar Mugema Mulogo, Moses Ntaro, Tran Thi Tuyet-Hanh, Paul R Hunter, Jo-Anne Geere","doi":"10.1093/trstmh/trag007","DOIUrl":"10.1093/trstmh/trag007","url":null,"abstract":"Most previous research about the dangers of extreme weather events was applicable to populations in high-income countries. Data summarising harms related to extreme weather events in low-income settings are lacking. A systematic review thematically summarising evidence about weather event-linked harms and responses in low- and lower-middle-income countries was conducted. Peer-reviewed and grey literature was systematically searched and selected. Data were extracted about harms, responses and outcomes relevant to six WHO building blocks of healthcare systems. Framework analysis was used to identify predominant themes related to harms, responses and the WHO building blocks. In total, 183 reports were included. Flooding and high winds were the most common types of extreme weather events documented. The main community experience themes identified were the displacement of populations and disruption. The main themes identified for health service delivery were vulnerability, disruption and resilience. Documented examples of resilience or recovery were far fewer for all six WHO healthcare system building blocks than descriptions of vulnerability and disruption. Extreme weather events can be highly disruptive and harmful to healthcare systems and communities in LMIC settings that are often already highly vulnerable.","PeriodicalId":23218,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":"723-731"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13339161/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146143534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0