Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene最新文献_第5页

A systematic review of variables associated with snakebite risk in spatial and temporal analyses. 在空间和时间分析中与蛇咬伤风险相关的变量的系统回顾。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trae131

Shelui Collinson, Thomas Lamb, Iara A Cardoso, Peter J Diggle, David G Lalloo

{"title":"A systematic review of variables associated with snakebite risk in spatial and temporal analyses.","authors":"Shelui Collinson, Thomas Lamb, Iara A Cardoso, Peter J Diggle, David G Lalloo","doi":"10.1093/trstmh/trae131","DOIUrl":"10.1093/trstmh/trae131","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Snakebite is a priority neglected tropical disease, but incidence data are lacking; current estimates rely upon incomplete health facility reports or ad hoc surveys. Spatial analysis methods harness statistical associations between case incidence and spatially varying factors to improve estimates. This systematic review aimed to identify variables associated with snakebite risk in spatial and temporal analyses for inclusion in geospatial studies to improve risk estimation accuracy.Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Global Health, PubMed and Web of Science in January 2023 for studies published since 1980 assessing snakebite outcomes and spatially varying factors at the setting level. Study quality was assessed using an adapted Joanna Briggs Institute tool. The results are presented by narrative synthesis.Results: Thirty-five studies were eligible; the majority were from Central and South America (18), then Asia (11). Climate and environment were most frequently assessed, with temperature, humidity and tree cover predominantly positively associated with snakebite risk, drought negatively associated and altitude negative/mixed. Crop and livestock variables mostly showed positive associations; population density and urban residence overwhelmingly displayed negative associations.Conclusions: This review identifies key variables that should be considered in future snakebite risk research. Limitations include low research availability from the highest risk regions. There is an evident need for greater research into snakebite risk variation, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa.","PeriodicalId":23218,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":"1084-1099"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12403204/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143011976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ending nuclear weapons, before they end us†. 在核武器终结我们之前终结它们。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/traf047

Kamran Abbasi, Parveen Ali, Virginia Barbour, Marion Birch, Inga Blum, Peter Doherty, Andy Haines, Ira Helfand, Richard Horton, Kati Juva, Jose F Lapena, Robert Mash, Olga Mironova, Arun Mitra, Carlos Monteiro, Elena N Naumova, David Onazi, Tilman Ruff, Peush Sahni, James Tumwine, Carlos Umaña, Paul Yonga, Chris Zielinski

引用次数: 0

Remoscope: a label-free imaging cytometer for malaria diagnostics. Remoscope：用于疟疾诊断的无标签成像细胞仪。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/traf070

Paul M Lebel, Ilakkiyan Jeyakumar, Michelle W L Khoo, James Emorut, Chris Charlton, Aditi Saxena, Axel Jacobsen, Emily Huynh, William Wu, Greg Courville, Pei-Chuan Fu, Madhura Raghavan, Robert Puccinelli, Peter Olwoch, Grant Dorsey, Philip J Rosenthal, Joseph DeRisi, Rafael Gomez-Sjoberg

{"title":"Remoscope: a label-free imaging cytometer for malaria diagnostics.","authors":"Paul M Lebel, Ilakkiyan Jeyakumar, Michelle W L Khoo, James Emorut, Chris Charlton, Aditi Saxena, Axel Jacobsen, Emily Huynh, William Wu, Greg Courville, Pei-Chuan Fu, Madhura Raghavan, Robert Puccinelli, Peter Olwoch, Grant Dorsey, Philip J Rosenthal, Joseph DeRisi, Rafael Gomez-Sjoberg","doi":"10.1093/trstmh/traf070","DOIUrl":"10.1093/trstmh/traf070","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Malaria diagnostic testing remains a burden on healthcare systems. Here we present Remoscope, a portable imaging cytometer that scans fresh, unstained whole blood using a custom neural network running on low-cost hardware. Remoscope performs label-free, quantitative, stage-specific detection of Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) by screening up to 2 million red blood cells (RBCs) in 1-12 min, without sample fixation, staining or slide scanning. Low-cost disposable cartridges are used to confine flowing blood to an ultrathin sheet for imaging.Methods: Performance was benchmarked in vitro by titration of cultured Pf (17.1-710 000 parasites/µl) into whole blood. A study of Remoscope's diagnostic accuracy was evaluated in a cohort of 500 individuals in eastern Uganda, comprising 601 unique clinic visits. Parallel measurements of parasitaemia were performed using Remoscope, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and thick blood smears.Results: Clinically, Remoscope's 10× diluted blood assay had a limit of detection with respect to qPCR of 95.1 parasites/µl, sensitivity of 83%, specificity of 96%, positive predictive value of 91% and negative predictive value of 93%.Conclusions: Remoscope's speed, accuracy, cost and ease of use address key challenges in malaria diagnosis worldwide. In this pilot study, the diagnostic accuracy approaches that of expert thick smears performed in duplication.","PeriodicalId":23218,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":"1100-1111"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144592435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Haemoconcentration in diagnosing dengue haemorrhagic fever: evidence from a rural Sri Lankan observational study. 血液浓缩诊断登革出血热：来自斯里兰卡农村观察性研究的证据。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/traf044

Chamara Sarathchandra, Ruwanthi Bandara, Kosala Weerakoon, Anjana Silva, Hemal Senanayake, Prasanna Weerawansa, Sisira Siribaddana

{"title":"Haemoconcentration in diagnosing dengue haemorrhagic fever: evidence from a rural Sri Lankan observational study.","authors":"Chamara Sarathchandra, Ruwanthi Bandara, Kosala Weerakoon, Anjana Silva, Hemal Senanayake, Prasanna Weerawansa, Sisira Siribaddana","doi":"10.1093/trstmh/traf044","DOIUrl":"10.1093/trstmh/traf044","url":null,"abstract":"Background: One of the World Health Organization criteria for dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a 20% increase in haematocrit. This study on dengue hospitalised patients compares haematocrit levels at baseline, at the onset of the critical phase and the maximum during the critical phase in rural Sri Lanka.Methods: This observational study included patients with dengue in the febrile phase who progressed to the critical phase. Haematocrit was recorded and ultrasound scans were performed thrice daily when the platelet count dropped to <100 000/μl. The onset of the critical phase was confirmed by ultrasound-detected plasma leakage.Results: Forty-three patients were included in the final analysis. The mean haematocrit at baseline and at the onset of the critical phase was 40.6% (standard deviation [SD] 4.7) and 41.3% (SD 5.1), respectively, with no difference (p=0.14, paired t-test). None of the participants showed a 20% increase in haematocrit at the onset of the critical phase, with the maximum observed increase being 17.0%.Conclusion: A 20% increase in haematocrit was not observed during the critical phase, suggesting that haemoconcentration is unreliable for diagnosing DHF in hospitalised patients. This study recommends revisiting the WHO criterion of a 20% haematocrit increase for diagnosing plasma leakage in dengue patients. It suggests that frequent ultrasound scans may be a more reliable method for early detection of plasma leakage.","PeriodicalId":23218,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":"1055-1058"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144024809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Snakebite envenoming in India: it is time we look beyond the concept of the Big Four species. 印度毒蛇咬伤事件：是时候超越四大物种的概念了。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/traf042

Jaideep C Menon, T P Sreekrishnan, Sabarish B Nair, Vijay V Pillay, Srikanta Kanungo, M S Aravind, Omesh K Bharti, Joseph K Joseph, Sanghamitra Pati

{"title":"Snakebite envenoming in India: it is time we look beyond the concept of the Big Four species.","authors":"Jaideep C Menon, T P Sreekrishnan, Sabarish B Nair, Vijay V Pillay, Srikanta Kanungo, M S Aravind, Omesh K Bharti, Joseph K Joseph, Sanghamitra Pati","doi":"10.1093/trstmh/traf042","DOIUrl":"10.1093/trstmh/traf042","url":null,"abstract":"India faces substantial challenges from snakebite envenoming secondary to the high morbidity, mortality and financial burden, particularly in rural communities. While concentrated on the 'Big Four' venomous species, recent research indicates a necessity to expand the focus to encompass additional medically relevant species. This review emphasizes the geographic heterogeneity in venom among these snakes, which impacts antivenom effectiveness and necessitating region-specific formulations. This analysis highlights the shortcomings of current antivenoms and identifies non-Big Four species involved in snakebite envenoming, advocating for an urgent shift to inclusive antivenom strategies that integrate local venom profiles to enhance treatment effectiveness and thereby reduce snakebite-related morbidity and mortality. Improved training for healthcare providers and enhancements in anti-snake venom quality are essential for meeting the World Health Organization's 2030 Sustainable Development Goal objective of halving snakebite-related fatalities and disabilities. Incorporating snakebite management into national health programs and conducting epidemiological research systematically are crucial to mitigating this preventable health concern.","PeriodicalId":23218,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":"1016-1022"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12403211/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144039228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chagas disease in Trinidad and Tobago - a call to action. 特立尼达和多巴哥的恰加斯病——行动呼吁。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/traf060

Rod Suepaul, Azad Mohammed, Nicole L Gottdenker, Christopher Oura, Adesh Ramsubhag, Vrijesh Tripathi, Raveed Khan, Jennifer K Peterson

{"title":"Chagas disease in Trinidad and Tobago - a call to action.","authors":"Rod Suepaul, Azad Mohammed, Nicole L Gottdenker, Christopher Oura, Adesh Ramsubhag, Vrijesh Tripathi, Raveed Khan, Jennifer K Peterson","doi":"10.1093/trstmh/traf060","DOIUrl":"10.1093/trstmh/traf060","url":null,"abstract":"Chagas disease, caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, is a vector-borne disease that can lead to serious cardiac alterations. The Caribbean nation of Trinidad and Tobago (TT) is not considered Chagas endemic by major public health organizations, but Trinidad is home to six T. cruzi vector species as well as T. cruzi-infected vertebrate hosts, including humans. Here we present the most comprehensive assessment to date of Chagas disease in TT based on information from published literature, museum specimens, hospital and veterinary records and archival documents. Panstrongylus geniculatus is the most abundant and well-studied T. cruzi vector species in TT, where it is found in and around human homes with human blood meals and with T. cruzi infection prevalences >83%. Wildlife reservoirs of T. cruzi in TT include commonly hunted species, which may pose a risk of T. cruzi transmission during preparation or consumption of infected carcasses. Blood bank data from 2020 showed a 0.5% seropositivity rate for T. cruzi, which is higher than that reported for 13 Chagas-endemic countries. By presenting the entomological, ecological, epidemiological and clinical evidence in a single report, we aim to present what is known about Chagas disease on the island, identify knowledge gaps and pinpoint areas of future research and public health focus, with the goal of sending a call to action for increased attention to Chagas disease in TT.","PeriodicalId":23218,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":"999-1015"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12403213/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144544980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Response to comment by Andreas H. Laustsen on: 'What is new in the treatment of snakebite envenoming? Opportunities and challenges'. 对Andreas H. Laustsen的评论：“蛇咬伤的治疗有什么新进展？”机遇与挑战”。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/traf024

David A Warrell

引用次数: 0

Are intestinal parasites in dogs an infection risk to children in the same household? An investigation in Cuba. 狗体内的肠道寄生虫会对同一家庭的儿童造成感染风险吗？一项在古巴的调查。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/traf039

Luis Enrique Jerez Puebla, Edel La Rosa Osoria, Fidel A Núñez Fernández, Jorge Fraga Nodarse, Lissette Pérez Santos, Iraís Atencio Millán, Lázara Rojas Rivera, Iredys Cruz Rodríguez, Rigoberto Fimia-Duarte, Lucy J Robertson

{"title":"Are intestinal parasites in dogs an infection risk to children in the same household? An investigation in Cuba.","authors":"Luis Enrique Jerez Puebla, Edel La Rosa Osoria, Fidel A Núñez Fernández, Jorge Fraga Nodarse, Lissette Pérez Santos, Iraís Atencio Millán, Lázara Rojas Rivera, Iredys Cruz Rodríguez, Rigoberto Fimia-Duarte, Lucy J Robertson","doi":"10.1093/trstmh/traf039","DOIUrl":"10.1093/trstmh/traf039","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Zoonotic transmission of intestinal parasites from dogs has been documented, but the extent of such transmission is unclear. This is particularly relevant in low- and middle-income countries, where people share living space with their domestic animals. We investigated whether dog ownership was associated with intestinal parasitoses in children in Cuba.Methods: Faecal samples were collected from children from 108 households in a rural village in Cuba, of which 66 owned a dog and 42 did not. Samples were also collected from the dogs. Samples were examined for intestinal parasites by microscopy and molecular methods.Results: The most commonly identified intestinal parasites in children were Giardia duodenalis and Blastocystis spp., occurring significantly more frequently among children with a dog. However, there was no significant association when these parasites were considered separately. Among dogs, the most commonly detected intestinal parasites were Ancylostoma spp. (in 29 dogs; 44%) and Giardia (in 25 dogs; 38%). Although Ancylostoma spp. can be zoonotic, infection in people is not intestinal; cutaneous larval migrans was not evident in these children.Conclusions: Although our data do not indicate extensive zoonotic transmission of intestinal parasites from dogs, children living in a household with a dog were more likely to be infected with Giardia and/or Blastocystis, than those without dogs.","PeriodicalId":23218,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":"1023-1029"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144035984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Decoding leprosy: immune response, clinical manifestations and emerging diagnostic approaches. 解码麻风病：免疫反应，临床表现和新兴诊断方法。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/traf058

Héctor Serrano-Coll, Lina Restrepo-Rivera, Yicenia Cuadros-Urrego, Nora Cardona-Castro

引用次数: 0

Vector incrimination studies of lymphatic filariasis in rural areas of endemic Datia district of Madhya Pradesh, India. 印度中央邦流行的达蒂亚区农村地区淋巴丝虫病病媒的归罪研究。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/traf045

Kumaramangalath Anjal, Vagisha Rawal, Satyendra Pandey, Manjini Harshavarthini, Anil K Verma, Braj Mohan, Shraddha Gurha, Gayatri Sondhiya, Afzal Ansari, Subbiah Kombiah, Suyesh Shrivastava, Pradip V Barde, Pushpendra Singh

{"title":"Vector incrimination studies of lymphatic filariasis in rural areas of endemic Datia district of Madhya Pradesh, India.","authors":"Kumaramangalath Anjal, Vagisha Rawal, Satyendra Pandey, Manjini Harshavarthini, Anil K Verma, Braj Mohan, Shraddha Gurha, Gayatri Sondhiya, Afzal Ansari, Subbiah Kombiah, Suyesh Shrivastava, Pradip V Barde, Pushpendra Singh","doi":"10.1093/trstmh/traf045","DOIUrl":"10.1093/trstmh/traf045","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Lymphatic filariasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by infections from Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi or Brugia timori. These infections are spread by mosquito species such as Culex, Anopheles, Aedes and Mansonia. With >50 million cases in 44 countries, it is the most important parasitic disease next to malaria. India initiated a mass drug administration (MDA) program in 2004 and a gradual reduction was seen in the cases; however, few pockets continue to record new cases. We conducted this study in Datia district of Madhya Pradesh, known to be endemic for filariasis, to understand the ongoing transmission and vector incrimination.Methods: Mosquitoes were collected from rural and urban localities of Datia district. Mosquitoes were identified, segregated and pooled. The pools were tested for the presence of W. bancrofti using molecular tools. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products were sequenced for confirmation of results.Results: Of 974 tested female mosquitoes, 45.8% were Culex quinquefasciatus and 50.8% were Anopheles subpictus. The mosquitoes were segregated in 55 pools; 8 (14.54%) pools were found positive for W. bancrofti by real-time PCR. All the positive pools were of C. quinquefasciatus and the species-specific pool positivity rate was 24.24%. All the positive pools were from Sarsai village. The sequencing results confirmed the presence of W. bancrofti.Conclusions: This study confirms ongoing transmission of W. bancrofti and C. quinquefasciatus as the vector species in the rural parts of district. The intervention protocols such as MDA and vector control activities need to be strengthened in rural parts of endemic districts to halt the transmission.","PeriodicalId":23218,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":"1059-1065"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144062157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0