Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene最新文献_第6页

Neglected arboviruses in South America: clinical manifestations and diagnostic challenges. 南美被忽视的虫媒病毒：临床表现和诊断挑战。

IF 1.6 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2026-08-27 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trag095

Milagros Saavedra-Samillán, Sharon Díaz Velásquez, Marcos A Castillo Zuta, Julio Sandoval-Bances, Rafael Tapia-Limonchi, Stella M Chenet

{"title":"Neglected arboviruses in South America: clinical manifestations and diagnostic challenges.","authors":"Milagros Saavedra-Samillán, Sharon Díaz Velásquez, Marcos A Castillo Zuta, Julio Sandoval-Bances, Rafael Tapia-Limonchi, Stella M Chenet","doi":"10.1093/trstmh/trag095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/trstmh/trag095","url":null,"abstract":"In South America, the arboviruses that are most noted are those that lead to dengue, Zika, and chikungunya. Nevertheless, there are additional arboviruses that trigger outbreaks, yet do not receive adequate attention, including Oropouche virus (OROV), Mayaro virus (MAYV), Saint Louis Encephalitis virus, Madariaga virus (MADV), and Rocío virus (ROCV). A rapid review was conducted using the databases PubMed, LILACS, Scopus, and Google Scholar. This analysis focused on studies that outline the clinical signs and diagnostic methods of neglected arboviruses impacting human populations in South America. A total of 38 studies met the inclusion criteria. Most reports focused on OROV and MAYV, whereas only a few studies described MADV and ROCV. Brazil accounted for the largest proportion of studies, followed by Peru. Across the reviewed literature, these arboviruses were associated with a broad clinical spectrum, ranging from non-specific febrile illness to severe neurological disease and congenital complications. Diagnostic approaches included serological assays, viral isolation or neutralization tests, and molecular methods such as RT-PCR. The increasing spread of these under-reported arboviruses in South America requires strengthening monitoring systems, optimizing access to specific diagnostics, and training healthcare personnel to identify these infections early and manage them appropriately.","PeriodicalId":23218,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148832017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Renal histopathology in acute kidney injury following haemotoxic snake envenomation. 血毒蛇中毒后急性肾损伤的肾组织病理学研究。

IF 1.6 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2026-08-27 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trag099

P Sai Kameshwar Rao, Chanaveerappa Bammigatti, P S Priyamvada, Bheemanathi Hanuman Srinivas

{"title":"Renal histopathology in acute kidney injury following haemotoxic snake envenomation.","authors":"P Sai Kameshwar Rao, Chanaveerappa Bammigatti, P S Priyamvada, Bheemanathi Hanuman Srinivas","doi":"10.1093/trstmh/trag099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/trstmh/trag099","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Snakebite envenomation is a major cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) in tropical regions. While acute tubular necrosis (ATN) and acute cortical necrosis have traditionally been described as predominant renal lesions, multiple factors, including recent improvements in early access to antivenom, may have altered the histopathological spectrum. This study aimed to evaluate renal histopathology in snakebite envenomation-associated AKI (SBE-AKI) and its clinicopathological correlates.Methods: In this prospective observational study conducted at a tertiary care centre in South India from September 2022 to July 2024, patients with proven haemotoxic snake envenomation who developed persistent AKI were included. Kidney biopsies were performed in survivors after correction of coagulopathy, and autopsy biopsies were obtained from non-survivors. Histopathological assessment was independently performed by two blinded pathologists.Results: Eighteen renal biopsy samples were analysed. ATN and acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) were the most frequent lesions (each 38.9%), followed by thrombotic microangiopathy (16.7%) and pigment nephropathy (5.5%). Notably, no cases of cortical necrosis were identified. Early recognition and treatment of AIN with corticosteroids were associated with complete renal recovery in selected survivors.Conclusion: The predominance of AIN and absence of cortical necrosis suggest an evolving histopathological pattern of SBE-AKI. Early renal biopsy may help identify potentially reversible lesions and improve renal outcomes.","PeriodicalId":23218,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148832035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A pandemic stops being an emergency? After 65 years, that question has become increasingly relevant for cholera. 大流行不再是紧急情况？65年后，这个问题与霍乱的关系越来越密切。

IF 1.6 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2026-08-27 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trag106

Carlos Victor Montefusco-Pereira, Howard Lopes Ribeiro Junior

引用次数: 0

Correction to: Molecular and microscopic prevalence of intestinal microsporidia among HIV+/AIDS patients in the Alborz province, Iran. 修正：伊朗Alborz省HIV+/艾滋病患者肠道微孢子虫的分子和显微镜患病率。

IF 1.6 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2026-08-26 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trag109

引用次数: 0

Fistula formation in hepatic cystic echinococcosis: clinical impact, predictors, and outcomes from a 27-year cohort. 肝囊性包虫病的瘘管形成：27年队列的临床影响、预测因素和结果

IF 1.6 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2026-08-25 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trag098

Inmaculada Izquierdo Pérez, Amparo López-Bernus, Angela Romero Alegría, Montserrat Alonso-Sardón, Beatriz Rodriguez Alonso, Hugo Almeida, Josué Pendones, Javier Pardo-Lledías, Moncef Belhassen-García

{"title":"Fistula formation in hepatic cystic echinococcosis: clinical impact, predictors, and outcomes from a 27-year cohort.","authors":"Inmaculada Izquierdo Pérez, Amparo López-Bernus, Angela Romero Alegría, Montserrat Alonso-Sardón, Beatriz Rodriguez Alonso, Hugo Almeida, Josué Pendones, Javier Pardo-Lledías, Moncef Belhassen-García","doi":"10.1093/trstmh/trag098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/trstmh/trag098","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hepatic cystic echinococcosis (HCE) is a chronic parasitic disease with a highly variable clinical course. Fistula formation represents one of its most clinically relevant complications, yet its determinants and prognostic impact remain incompletely defined.Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational cohort study including patients with cystic echinococcosis managed at a tertiary referral centre between 1998 and 2025. Patients with hepatic involvement were classified according to the presence or absence of fistula formation. Clinical, laboratory, radiological, treatment and outcome variables were compared.Results: Among 539 patients with HCE, 87 (16.1%) developed fistula formation. Cystobiliary fistula was the predominant subtype (n=80), followed by transdiaphragmatic fistulas. Patients with fistulas were younger and more frequently symptomatic, with higher rates of complications. Fistula formation was independently associated with active cyst stages (CE1-CE3), cyst diameter >7 cm and eosinophilia. Despite increased clinical complexity, no significant differences were observed between patients with and without fistula in recurrence, all-cause mortality, CE-related mortality or length of hospital stay.Conclusions: Fistula formation in HCE identifies a subgroup of patients with larger and biologically active cysts, reflecting increased disease complexity rather than worse prognosis. When managed in specialised centres, fistulization does not appear to adversely affect long-term outcomes. Early identification of high-risk cysts may support targeted monitoring and timely intervention, particularly in endemic settings.","PeriodicalId":23218,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148819633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Establishment of Anopheles stephensi in a former Anopheles arabiensis Sterile Insect Technique project area in northern Sudan. 苏丹北部原阿拉伯按蚊不育昆虫技术项目区斯氏按蚊的建立。

IF 1.6 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2026-08-25 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trag100

Amgad Ali Mairgani, Obidallah Mohamed Obidallah, Abdelrahman Abdelal Mohamed Abadi, Salma Ahmed Ramadan, Marc S Halfon, Rasha Siddig Azrag

{"title":"Establishment of Anopheles stephensi in a former Anopheles arabiensis Sterile Insect Technique project area in northern Sudan.","authors":"Amgad Ali Mairgani, Obidallah Mohamed Obidallah, Abdelrahman Abdelal Mohamed Abadi, Salma Ahmed Ramadan, Marc S Halfon, Rasha Siddig Azrag","doi":"10.1093/trstmh/trag100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/trstmh/trag100","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Northern Sudan has historically maintained low seasonal malaria transmission due to the arid environment and river-regulated vector population. The present study documents the establishment of the invasive Anopheles stephensi in a former Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) project area in northern Sudan.Methods: Longitudinal entomological surveys of Anopheles larvae and indoor resting adults were conducted in Merowe, Dongola and Halfa localities in northern Sudan during the 2022 flooding phase of the Nile, with systematic sampling of both adults and larval stages.Results: Of the 1251 Anopheles mosquitoes identified, A. stephensi comprised 28.6% of specimens, indicating an established population across Merowe and Dongola, with the highest estimated density at Merowe (36.4%). A. stephensi demonstrated significant co-occurrence with Anopheles arabiensis across all positive larval habitats (p<0.001) and was found primarily in artificial, vegetation-free water bodies. This study represents the first documentation of ground seepage as a major Anopheles larval habitat in northern Sudan.Conclusions: The study documents an epidemiological transition from historically river-regulated malaria transmission to a transmission system increasingly dominated by anthropogenic water sources associated with infrastructure development. The establishment of A. stephensi indicates a potential compromise of natural isolation barriers that underpinned the former SIT project and suggests that passive transportation may facilitate dispersal across geographic barriers, while climate change and expanded agricultural irrigation projects further compound transmission risk.","PeriodicalId":23218,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148813946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chronic erythema nodosum leprosum in Hansen's disease: a challenging clinical management. 麻风病慢性麻风结节性红斑：一个具有挑战性的临床管理。

IF 1.6 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2026-08-22 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trag091

Michele Spinicci, Anna Barbiero, Tommaso Manciulli, Costanza Fiorelli, Roberto Fedi, Alessandro Bussotti, Elena Silvestri, Danilo Malandrino, Giacomo Emmi, Giovanni Gazzoli, Lorenzo Zammarchi, Alessandro Bartoloni

引用次数: 0

Burden and determinants of snakebite mortality in Tamil Nadu, India: a surveillance and verbal autopsy study. 印度泰米尔纳德邦蛇咬伤死亡率的负担和决定因素：一项监测和尸检研究。

IF 1.6 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2026-08-22 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trag092

K J Subhashini, E Vimal Kumar, M Senthil Kumar, T A Devaparthasarathy, T S Selvavinayagam, A Somasundaram

{"title":"Burden and determinants of snakebite mortality in Tamil Nadu, India: a surveillance and verbal autopsy study.","authors":"K J Subhashini, E Vimal Kumar, M Senthil Kumar, T A Devaparthasarathy, T S Selvavinayagam, A Somasundaram","doi":"10.1093/trstmh/trag092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/trstmh/trag092","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Snakebite envenomation is a significant public health problem in rural India, with Tamil Nadu reporting considerable morbidity and mortality. This study assessed the burden, epidemiological patterns and determinants of snakebite deaths using surveillance and verbal autopsy (VA) data.Methods: A retrospective analysis of snakebite cases reported under the Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme-Integrated Health Information Platform from January 2022 to May 2025 was conducted. Of the 100 fatal snakebite cases identified, VA was conducted for 40 cases reported between January 2024 and May 2025 to identify factors contributing to mortality. Proportional mortality ratio (PMR), age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) and autoregressive integrated moving average-based time series forecasting were performed.Results: A total of 56 664 cases were reported, with seasonal peaks during June-October. Adults ages 20-60 y (74.4%), males (63.7%) and rural residents (57.2%) were predominantly affected. A total of 100 deaths were reported (case fatality rate 0.18%, ASMR 0.14 per 100 000), lower than national and global estimates. However, elderly adults (PMR 166.5) and females (PMR 126.7) showed disproportionately higher mortality. Deaths commonly occurred among rural agricultural workers and were frequently associated with delayed healthcare access and harmful first aid practices.Conclusions: Distinct demographic, seasonal and geographic patterns exist. Targeted risk reduction, improved first-aid awareness and strengthened seasonal preparedness are essential to further reduce mortality and achieve the national goal of halving snakebite deaths by 2030.","PeriodicalId":23218,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148798340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Congenital Chagas disease in Mexico: a systematic review of gaps in diagnosis and clinical follow-up. 墨西哥先天性恰加斯病：对诊断和临床随访差距的系统审查。

IF 1.6 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2026-08-20 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trag097

Adriana González-Martínez, Aracely López-Monteon, Anahí Sosa-Arroníz, Angel Ramos-Ligonio

{"title":"Congenital Chagas disease in Mexico: a systematic review of gaps in diagnosis and clinical follow-up.","authors":"Adriana González-Martínez, Aracely López-Monteon, Anahí Sosa-Arroníz, Angel Ramos-Ligonio","doi":"10.1093/trstmh/trag097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/trstmh/trag097","url":null,"abstract":"Congenital Chagas disease is a public health priority in Latin America, yet its status in Mexico remains poorly characterized. This systematic review aims to analyse the available evidence on Trypanosoma cruzi maternal infection, vertical transmission rates and diagnostic challenges in Mexico. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Original observational studies and case reports on maternal-foetal T. cruzi infection in Mexico were included. Seventeen studies met the inclusion criteria, covering 63 373 analysed samples between 1998 and 2021. While 82.4% of studies reported maternal seroprevalence (estimated at 2.21% nationally), only 41.2% documented confirmed congenital transmission. A critical gap in clinical follow-up was identified: only 29.4% of studies reported neonatal monitoring and only 5.9% explicitly documented antiparasitic treatment. Geographic evidence is highly concentrated in Yucatan (41.2%), Chiapas and Veracruz. High diagnostic heterogeneity persists, with 88.2% of studies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, while molecular methods (polymerase chain reaction) were used in 52.9%. Evidence on congenital Chagas in Mexico is fragmented and geographically biased. The disconnect between maternal detection and neonatal treatment highlights a fractured care chain. Implementing universal prenatal screening and standardized molecular diagnostics at birth is urgently needed to close the gap in maternal-infant care and fulfil the regional commitments established under the Pan American Health Organization Elimination Initiative.","PeriodicalId":23218,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148798347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Molecular detection of pulmonary tuberculosis and Candida albicans co-infection in people living with HIV/AIDS in Nigeria. 尼日利亚艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者肺结核和白色念珠菌合并感染的分子检测。

IF 1.6 4区医学

Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2026-08-13 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trag093

Fatima Muhammad Sani, Ahmad Adamu Yarma, Lawal Garba, Shuaibu Isa, Muhammad Tukur Adamu, Taofiq Abdullahi Umar, Salawaudeen Adamu, Idris Nasir Abdullahi

{"title":"Molecular detection of pulmonary tuberculosis and Candida albicans co-infection in people living with HIV/AIDS in Nigeria.","authors":"Fatima Muhammad Sani, Ahmad Adamu Yarma, Lawal Garba, Shuaibu Isa, Muhammad Tukur Adamu, Taofiq Abdullahi Umar, Salawaudeen Adamu, Idris Nasir Abdullahi","doi":"10.1093/trstmh/trag093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/trstmh/trag093","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Concurrent pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and antifungal-resistant candidiasis pose significant clinical and public challenges in resource-limited settings. This study determined the prevalence of PTB and antifungal-resistant Candida albicans co-infection among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Gombe State, Nigeria.Methods: Sputum samples from 348 PLWHA were processed and tested for Mycobacterium tuberculosis using GeneXpert equipment. Moreover, C. albicans was isolated and identified using CHROMagar, germ tube test, and 18S rRNA-ITS-PCR sequencing, and its antifungal susceptibility patterns were determined by the disc diffusion method.Results: The prevalence values for C. albicans, PTB, and C. albicans-PTB co-infections were 9.2%, 9.2%, and 6.3%, respectively. All Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains were rifampicin-susceptible but were significantly associated with age (P = .0033) and biological sex (P = .03). About 40.6%, 31.3%, and 28.1% of the C. albicans strains were resistant to fluconazole, voriconazole, and amphotericin-B, respectively. PLWHA aged >60 years had significantly higher odds of C. albicans infection (OR = 54.6, P = .0156). History of antibiotic use, pet ownership, and presence of PTB were significantly associated with C. albicans (P < .05). About 87.5% of PLWHA with C. albicans had CD4⁺ T-cell counts of <200 cells/mm³.Conclusion: The levels of PTB and C. albicans mono- or co-infections among PLWHA were moderate, with a high frequency of fluconazole-resistant C. albicans. This study provided updated local surveillance data on pulmonary infections among PLWHA.","PeriodicalId":23218,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148765260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0