Tobacco Induced Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Examining the relationship between secondhand smoke and non-malignant digestive system diseases: Mendelian randomization evidence.","authors":"Yujun Yu, Yongyun Jin","doi":"10.18332/tid/200338","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/200338","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Secondhand smoke (SHS) may exacerbate the global disease burden, particularly in workplace settings. Observational studies have implicated SHS as a risk factor for various non-malignant digestive system diseases (NMDSD), yet establishing a causal relationship remains challenging. Therefore, we conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) study to explore whether workplace exposure to SHS is associated with NMDSD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study utilized a secondary dataset analysis based on Genome-Wide association study (GWAS) summary data. Genetic variants associated with exposure to SHS in the workplace were used as instrumental variables. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data for SHS were obtained from the UK Biobank. GWAS summary data for NMDSD were sourced from the FinnGen study, the International Inflammatory Bowel Disease Genetics Consortium (IIBDGC), and a large-scale study conducted in Japan. We employed inverse variance-weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, and weighted median methods for MR analysis. Additionally, sensitivity analyses were conducted to ensure the robustness of our findings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>According to the IVW model, SHS in the workplace was positively associated with ulcerative colitis (UC) (OR=2.03; 95% CI: 1.03-4.05; p=0.04). There was no evidence of horizontal pleiotropy biasing causality (p>0.05), and leave-one-out analysis confirmed the stability and robustness of this association.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study identifies an association between regular exposure to SHS in the workplace and an increased risk of ulcerative colitis. However, the potential influence of active smoking or exposure to SHS from other sources cannot be excluded. Further research is needed to confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"23 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11826309/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143433885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease burden attributable to tobacco and the trend change from 1990 to 2021 in China.","authors":"Zhenhong Zhang, Kai Wang, Guoxiang Xu, Rumin Zhang","doi":"10.18332/tid/200196","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/200196","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) poses a serious disease burden in China, and tobacco control is considered an effective and feasible means to reduce this burden. This study analyzes the impact of tobacco on the burden of COPD in China from 1990 to 2021.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study conducted a comprehensive secondary dataset analysis of COPD attributable to tobacco in China using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database. This covers a range of statistics, including number of deaths, mortality rates, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and DALY rates. Using Joinpoint regression analysis methods, we calculated the annual percentage change (APC) and average annual percentage change (AAPC) to assess trends in COPD attributable to tobacco for various age groups and gender in China.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2021, the age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) of COPD attributable to tobacco in China was 35.46 per 100000, and the age-standardized DALY rate (ASDR) was 589.75 per 100000, both of which were higher than global levels. In China, the ASMR attributable to tobacco showed a consistent decline from 1990 to 2021 (AAPC= -3.69%, p<0.001), as did the ASDR (AAPC= -3.73%, p<0.001), consistent with trends observed globally and across five SDI regions, with China experiencing the fastest decline. In both 1990 and 2021, the burden of COPD attributable to tobacco was greater in males compared to females. During the years from 1990 to 2021, the ASMR of COPD attributable to tobacco and the ASDR showed a declining trend in males (AAPC= -3.29% and -3.41%, respectively) and in females (AAPC= -4.99% and -4.62%, respectively) (all p<0.001). The impact of COPD linked to tobacco use in China increased with age from 1990 to 2021, with the highest mortality and DALY rates observed in the population aged ≥70 years. Regarding secondhand smoke exposure, ASMR for females was 6.29 per 100000 and the ASDR was 119.03 per 100000, while the corresponding values for males were 7.80 per 100000 and 113.10 per 100000 , indicating a higher burden among females.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>From 1990 to 2021, the age-standardized mortality rate and age-standardized DALY rate of COPD attributable to tobacco in China showed a declining trend; however, there remains a slight gap compared to global levels. Significant differences in smoking exposure were observed based on gender and age, with a heavier burden among males and the elderly.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"23 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11808299/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143391993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effectiveness and safety of auricular acupoint-related therapy for nicotine dependence: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Qindong Mi, Xiaolong Zhao, Zhijun Zhang, Fei Bao","doi":"10.18332/tid/200550","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/200550","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aims to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of auricular acupuncture-related therapies (AARTs) in managing nicotine dependence (ND).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched eight databases from their inception through December 2024 and screened randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating AART for ND. The primary outcome was the ND cessation rate. We assessed study quality using the ROB-2 tool and applied the GRADE approach to determine the certainty or quality of of evidence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine RCTs involving 1032 patients were analyzed. Meta-analysis results indicate that AART significantly reduces the Minnesota Nicotine Withdrawal Scale score (MNWS) in ND patients compared to nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) (mean difference, MD=1.47; 95% CI: 0.06-2.88, p<0.05). However, no significant differences were observed in ND point cessation rate, Fagerström test for nicotine dependence score (FTND), Hamilton Anxiety Scale score (HAMA), daily smoking volume, or exhaled CO levels between AART and NRT. Notably, AART was associated with a lower incidence of adverse events compared to NRT (relative risk, RR=0.15; 95% CI: 0.04-0.56, p<0.01). There were also no significant differences in the ND point cessation rate between auricular-plaster therapy (APT), body acupuncture (BA), and the combination of APT and BA.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AART is effective in improving ND, showing greater efficacy in reducing MNWS and enhanced safety compared to NRT. Given the limited number of studies, the optimal AART regimen remains undetermined. Further research is needed to confirm and refine these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"23 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11808481/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143391996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and developmental disabilities in US children and adolescents: A cross-sectional study from NHANES.","authors":"Haiyan Miao, Canfei Zhang, Jing Qian, Hong Jing, Hui Nan, Shasha Li, Xiahui Shen, Jinxia Zhao","doi":"10.18332/tid/200339","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/200339","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Maternal smoking during pregnancy is associated with placental DNA methylation and RNA expression, offspring DNA methylation, and affects the decline of mature neurons and the prenatal human brain development trajectory.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study is a secondary analysis of data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning 2003 to 2008, comprising 10111 children and adolescents. Inclusion criteria required participants to have complete questionnaire responses regarding maternal smoking during pregnancy and receipt of special education or early intervention services. The risk of developmental disabilities was assessed using a multifactor logistic regression model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the cohort of 10111 children and adolescents, 727 (7.2%) received special education or early intervention services. Of these participants, 1504 (14.9%) were exposed to maternal smoking during pregnancy. The prevalence of maternal smoking was higher (12.3%) in the group receiving special education or early intervention compared to those who did not (6.3%). After adjusting for other relevant factors in a multifactorial logistic regression model, maternal smoking during pregnancy was significantly associated with an increased likelihood of requiring special education or early intervention services (adjusted odds ratio, AOR=1.51; 95% CI: 1.24-1.83, p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This cross-sectional analysis found an association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and the need for special education or early intervention services among US children and adolescents, after adjusting for confounding variables. Our findings suggest that maternal smoking during pregnancy may increase the odds of developmental disabilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"23 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11808298/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143391981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of specific and rotating health warnings on smoking risk perception and quitting intentions: Evidence from China.","authors":"Kecheng Du, Gang Wang","doi":"10.18332/tid/200106","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/200106","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aims to investigate whether non-rotating, specific health risk messages on cigarette packaging could be a practical alternative to rotating health warnings to improve smokers' health risk perceptions and intentions to quit smoking.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study employs a cross-sectional randomized survey experiment conducted among 1700 adult smokers (aged ≥18 years) in China, with data collected using a snowball sampling method. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups: the control group (viewed standard packaging with a general health warning), the rotating health risk text group (exposed to four rotating disease-related warnings), and the reproductive health risk text group (focused on smoking's impact on sexual health). After viewing the corresponding health warnings, participants reported their health risk perceptions and intentions to quit smoking, and responses to additional control variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Rotating health risk text warnings on cigarette packaging significantly increased participants' perceptions of cardiovascular (β=0.20; 95% CI: 0.05-0.35), digestive (β=0.22; 95% CI: 0.07-0.37), respiratory (β=0.17; 95% CI: 0.07-0.26), and reproductive system risks (β=0.21; 95% CI: 0.06-0.37), while the non-rotating reproductive health risk text warnings only significantly improved perceptions of reproductive system risks (β=0.18; 95% CI: 0.10-0.25). Both types of text warnings significantly increased smokers' intentions to quit smoking (p≤0.001), indicating that non-rotating specific health risk warnings can be equally effective in promoting quitting intentions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrates that rotating health risk text on cigarette packaging offers comprehensive advantages in enhancing health risk perceptions. However, its effects on intentions to quit smoking are similar to those of non-rotating reproductive health risk warnings. These findings suggest that in contexts where implementing rotating warnings is challenging, non-rotating, specific health risk messages can serve as a feasible alternative to support the effective implementation of tobacco health warning policies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"23 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11804434/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143383387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of shared decision-making cessation model and adult smoking cessation rate: A prospective cohort study.","authors":"Kuan-Lun Chen, Yun-Chen Hsu, Yi-Hsuan Li, Fei-Ran Guo, Jaw-Shiun Tsai, Shao-Yi Cheng, Hsien-Liang Huang","doi":"10.18332/tid/200023","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/200023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>It remains unclear whether shared decision-making (SDM) can help smoking cessation. This study aims to determine whether the SDM model increases the 24-week point abstinence rate and medication adherence rate for adult smokers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective cohort study, conducted between January 2019 and June 2021, enrolled 1268 adult smokers at the outpatient cessation clinic of a national medical center. SDM-integrated counseling was provided to those opting for the SDM cessation model, involving cessation educators and decision aids. Patients who declined the model received cessation medication. The self-reported 7-day point prevalence abstinence rate at week 24, medication adherence rate, and the proportion of participants agreeing to receive pharmacotherapy were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of the 1268 participants, 1187 (93.6%) were included in the primary analysis. Of these, 610 (48%) opted for the SDM model. Participants in the SDM group used cessation medication more frequently (83.4% vs 71.9%, p<0.001) and exhibited higher medication adherence (39.1% vs 28.6%, p=0.04). Logistic regression analysis revealed that the SDM group did not demonstrate a significantly higher 7-day point abstinence rate at week 24 (OR=0.89; 95% CI: 0.68-1.15; p=0.37).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The SDM cessation model was positively associated with medication adherence and the proportion of participants using pharmacotherapies. However, the association of SDM with the 7-day point prevalence of abstinence at week 24 was not statistically significant. Longer follow-up studies are needed to understand the association of the SDM intervention with absolute abstinence.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"23 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11783649/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143081148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global, regional, and national cardiovascular disease burden attributable to smoking from 1990 to 2021: Findings from the GBD 2021 Study.","authors":"Shuaijie Zhu, Jian Gao, Liangliang Zhang, Wanguo Dong, Wei Shi, Heng Guo, Xiaoyu Zhang, Tianfeng Hua, Min Yang","doi":"10.18332/tid/200072","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/200072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Smoking poses a serious threat to cardiovascular health. The aim of the study is to evaluate the global, regional, and national burden of smoking-attributable cardiovascular disease (CVD) and set priorities for future tobacco control.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data on deaths and years lived with disability (YLDs) for smoking-related CVD from 1990 to 2021, including age-standardized rates (ASRs), were sourced from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021. This study is a secondary descriptive analysis of the GBD 2021 data. We used the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) to reflect temporal trends in disease burden and conducted a sensitivity analysis using the average annual percentage change (AAPC) to corroborate the findings. We also analyzed the relationship between disease burden and the Sociodemographic Index (SDI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2021, smoking-related CVD caused 2.25 million deaths and 3.09 million YLDs globally, marking increases of 26.16% and 59.73% from 1990, respectively. However, from 1990 to 2021, the global age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) and age-standardized years lived with disability rate (ASYR) for smoking-related CVDs decreased, with EAPCs of -1.94 and -0.92, respectively. Between 1990 and 2021, Australasia and Tropical Latin America experienced the largest declines in ASMR and ASYR, with EAPCs of -5.54 and -2.63, respectively, while Lesotho and Mali had the largest increases, with EAPCs of 2.68 and 1.67, respectively. Throughout the period, the burden of smoking-related CVD was consistently higher in men. Moreover, the trend of decline in disease burden was slower in men compared to women (EAPC for ASMR: -1.78 for men vs -3.25 for women). In 2021, countries with higher SDI also had higher ASYR.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although the global burden of smoking-related CVD has declined over the past three decades, the challenge remains severe, particularly in less developed countries and regions. More proactive and effective tobacco control measures should be urgently implemented in countries where the burden of smoking-related CVD is severe.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"23 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11784507/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143081160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smoking may be a risk factor for carpal tunnel syndrome: Insights from Mendelian randomization analysis.","authors":"Wei Shi, Kaixuan Wu, Hui Li, Huafeng Zhang","doi":"10.18332/tid/199930","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/199930","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>It is currently uncertain whether smoking is a risk factor for carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). This study aims to elucidate association between smoking and CTS using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was a secondary analysis of publicly available GWAS data, using four smoking phenotypes (smoking initiation, smoking status, lifetime smoking, and never smoking) as exposures, and two CTS datasets (discovery and validation sets) as outcomes for MR analysis. The discovery set (n=480201) was used to explore the causal relationship between smoking and CTS, while the validation set (n=385304) was used to confirm the results. The effects of smoking on CTS were assessed using inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, and weighted median methods. Cochran's Q test was used to detect heterogeneity, and MREgger to test for pleiotropy. Finally, a meta-analysis was performed on the IVW results from both the discovery and validation sets.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>IVW results showed that in both the discovery and validation sets, smoking initiation, smoking status, and lifetime smoking are risk factors for CTS. The summary results from the meta-analysis are as follows: smoking initiation (OR=1.17; 95% CI: 1.08-1.27, p<0.001), smoking status (OR=1.87; 95% CI: 1.56-2.24, p<0.001), and lifetime smoking (OR=2.46; 95% CI: 2.03-3.00, p<0.001). Conversely, never smoking is a protective factor against CTS, with the summary result of the meta-analysis being: OR=0.55; 95% CI: 0.42-0.71, p<0.001.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Based on genetic evidence, smoking may be a risk factor for CTS. Further clinical trials are needed to confirm this causal relationship.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"23 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11780312/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143068052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-reported dyspnea and interest in a respiratory muscle training program among callers to the New York State Quitline.","authors":"Andrew D Ray, Ellen M Carl, Andrew J Hyland, Mary E Reid, Martin C Mahoney, Christine E Sheffer","doi":"10.18332/tid/196755","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/196755","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cigarette smoking is an important risk factor in the development of dyspnea. Programs designed to strengthen the respiratory muscles can improve dyspnea in people with or without lung disease. As a first step in understanding the feasibility of offering a respiratory muscle training (RMT) program to people who are seeking help to try to quit smoking, we asked callers who contacted the New York State Quitline about their dyspnea and potential interest in a home-based RMT program.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Consecutive callers who contacted the New York State Quitline (n=1019) between 19 May and 9 June 2023 completed the Modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) dyspnea scale and reported their level of interest in RMT. Participants were categorized as: high breathlessness (HB: 0-1), or low breathlessness (LB: 2-4). We examined characteristic differences between participants who reported HB versus LB and examined differences in level of interest in home-based RMT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Those with HB were older [mean (SD): 61.3 (12.5) vs 53.6 (15.0) years, p<0.001], had more cumulative years of smoking [38.8 (15.1) vs 28.8 (15.4) years, p<0.001], smoked more cigarettes per day [19.3 (10.5) vs 17.3 (8.8), p<0.01], reported more disability (p<0.001) and chronic health conditions (78.5% vs 53.9%, p<0.001). Those with HB also expressed greater interest in RMT [7.8 (3.3) vs 6.2 (4.1), p<0.001].</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These preliminary findings suggest that about 20% of quitline callers report clinically significant levels of breathlessness and most respondents, regardless of their level of breathlessness, report interest in a home-based RMT program, underscoring a potential opportunity to offer this program along with cessation support.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"23 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11776376/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143068050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global trends in the burden of ischemic heart disease attributable to smoking from 1990 to 2021: A systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.","authors":"Yifei Wang, Qing Li, Lei Bi, Bin Wang, Tingting Lv, Ping Zhang","doi":"10.18332/tid/199931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18332/tid/199931","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Ischemic heart disease (IHD) remains a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. This study evaluates the trends in IHD burden attributable to smoking, utilizing Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (GBD 2021) data, across 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2021. By examining age-standardized death rates (ASDR) and disability-adjusted life years (ASRDALYs), the study provides insights into the spatiotemporal variations associated with smokingattributable IHD in different sociodemographic regions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data on smoking-attributable IHD mortality and DALYs were obtained from the GBD 2021 database. This secondary analysis examined ASDR and ASRDALYs for IHD as primary outcomes, with active smoking as the primary exposure. Temporal trends were analyzed using estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs). The burden was stratified by age, sex, and sociodemographic index (SDI) to identify disparities across regions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over the last three decades, global ASDR and ASRDALYs for smokingrelated IHD have generally declined. High-SDI regions had the largest reductions, with EAPCs of -4.31 (95% CI: -5.73 - -2.87) and -4.02 (95% CI: -5.40 - -2.62), respectively. In contrast, low-SDI regions experienced slower declines, with EAPCs of -0.54 (95% CI: -1.41-0.33) and -0.80 (95% CI: -1.52 - -0.08), respectively. Older age groups and males consistently had a higher burden across all regions. Global death rates for populations aged 15-49, 50-74, and ≥75 years were 4.31, 46.57, and 142.52 per 100000, respectively. The global ASDR for males (30.24) was 8.54 times higher than that for females (3.54). Regional disparities were most pronounced in low- and middle-income areas, particularly in Eastern Europe and Central Asia, where smoking related IHD burden remains high.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While global reductions in smoking-related IHD burden are encouraging, sustained disparities remain, particularly in low-SDI regions. Males and older populations continue to have a disproportionately higher burden, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions and sustained efforts to address these inequities.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"23 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11775718/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143068047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}