Association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children aged 4-15 years: A secondary data analysis from the NHANES dataset.

IF 1.9 4区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Tobacco Induced Diseases Pub Date : 2025-08-08 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.18332/tid/207094

Baomei He, Junxiong Peng, Mengqi Wu, Yanbing Deng, Ying Zhang

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Abstract

Introduction: The association between maternal smoking during pregnancy (MSDP) and the risk of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children remains inconclusive. This study aims to investigate the relationship between MSDP and ADHD in children aged 4-15 years, with a particular focus on sex differences.

Methods: This secondary analysis used cross-sectional data from the 1999-2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), comprising 5548 US children and adolescents aged 4-15 years. Inclusion criteria comprised complete maternal smoking history during pregnancy and parent-reported ADHD diagnosis data. Multivariable logistic regression models were employed to assess the association between MSDP and ADHD, with further stratified analyses.

Results: Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified a significant association between MSDP exposure and elevated odds of ADHD (OR=2.11; 95% CI: 1.48-3.00). Sex-stratified analyses revealed that this association was more pronounced in female children (OR=4.18; 95% CI: 2.17-8.03) than in male children (OR=1.64; 95% CI: 1.13-2.38), the interaction between groups was significant (p for interaction <0.01).

Conclusions: MSDP showed a statistically significant association with higher ADHD odds, with more pronounced estimates observed in females compared to males.

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怀孕期间母亲吸烟与4-15岁儿童注意力缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）之间的关系：来自NHANES数据集的二级数据分析

孕妇孕期吸烟（MSDP）与儿童注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）风险之间的关系尚不明确。本研究旨在探讨4-15岁儿童MSDP与ADHD之间的关系，并特别关注性别差异。方法：该二次分析使用1999-2002年全国健康和营养检查调查（NHANES）的横断面数据，包括5548名4-15岁的美国儿童和青少年。纳入标准包括孕妇孕期完整的吸烟史和父母报告的ADHD诊断数据。采用多变量logistic回归模型评估MSDP与ADHD之间的关系，并进行进一步的分层分析。结果：多变量logistic回归分析发现MSDP暴露与ADHD发生率升高之间存在显著关联(OR=2.11；95% ci: 1.48-3.00)。性别分层分析显示，这种关联在女童中更为明显(OR=4.18；95% CI: 2.17-8.03)高于男性儿童(OR=1.64；95% CI: 1.13-2.38)，组间相互作用显著（p为相互作用）。结论：MSDP与较高的ADHD几率有统计学显著关联，女性比男性更明显。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Tobacco Induced Diseases SUBSTANCE ABUSE-PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

5.40%

发文量

审稿时长

12 weeks

期刊介绍： Tobacco Induced Diseases encompasses all aspects of research related to the prevention and control of tobacco use at a global level. Preventing diseases attributable to tobacco is only one aspect of the journal, whose overall scope is to provide a forum for the publication of research articles that can contribute to reducing the burden of tobacco induced diseases globally. To address this epidemic we believe that there must be an avenue for the publication of research/policy activities on tobacco control initiatives that may be very important at a regional and national level. This approach provides a very important "hands on" service to the tobacco control community at a global scale - as common problems have common solutions. Hence, we see ourselves as "connectors" within this global community. The journal hence encourages the submission of articles from all medical, biological and psychosocial disciplines, ranging from medical and dental clinicians, through health professionals to basic biomedical and clinical scientists.