Tobacco Control最新文献

{"title":"Smoking history and all-cause, ischaemic heart disease and lung cancer mortality: follow-up study of 358 551 men and women aged 40-43 years.","authors":"Aage Tverdal, Randi Selmer, Dag S Thelle","doi":"10.1136/tc-2023-057977","DOIUrl":"10.1136/tc-2023-057977","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>We studied the health consequences of quitting smoking before age 43 by time since quitting, number of years smoked and cigarettes smoked per day. The outcomes were all-cause, ischaemic heart disease and lung cancer mortality.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Prospective study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Norwegian counties.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Men and women aged 40-43 years who participated in a national cardiovascular screening programme and who were followed from 1985 to 2018.</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>Self-reports from questionnaire on time since quitting smoking, years smoked and number of cigarettes per day, and measurements of height, weight and blood pressure, and a blood sample where serum was analysed for total serum cholesterol and triglycerides.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>The all-cause mortality rate was 30% higher among quitters less than 1 year ago compared with never smokers (adjusted HR=1.30, 95% CI 1.18-1.43 in men and HR=1.31, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.50 in women). Quitters who had smoked longer than 20 years had 23% higher mortality in men (HR=1.23, 95% CI 1.14 to 1.34) and 32% higher mortality in women (HR=1.32, 95% CI 1.18 to 1.49). Past smoking of more than 20 cigarettes/day was associated with HR=1.14 (1.05-1.23) in men and HR=1.16 (1.01-1.32) in women. The HR for lung cancer was 6.77 (95% CI 4.86 to 9.45) for quitting men who had smoked for more than 20 years compared with never smokers. The corresponding figure for women was 5.75 (95% CI 4.08 to 8.09).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The mortality among quitters was close to that of never smokers, except for a higher mortality for lung cancer, which on the other hand was much lower than the lung cancer mortality in current smokers.</p>","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":"147-153"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"107592330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Easy access: identification verification and shipping methods used by online vape shops.","authors":"Adrian Bertrand, Megan C Diaz, Elizabeth C Hair, Barbara A Schillo","doi":"10.1136/tc-2023-058303","DOIUrl":"10.1136/tc-2023-058303","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This project assesses how online vape shops (OVSs) verify buyer identification (ID) and the shipping methods used to send products within the USA.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>In January 2023, we conducted three online searches (eg, 'best online vape shops') from our office in Washington, District of Columbia, to identify popular OVSs. Two trained coders identified discrete features available within the site sections: 'About Us', 'Shipping Policy' and 'Frequently Asked Questions', or displayed within the site's homepage. Coders recorded OVS listed locations, shipping discounts, shipping companies used and ID verification methods. Lastly, coders indicated if the site requested ID/age verification after adding an item to the shopping cart and initiating checkout procedures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 64 unique OVSs; 92.2% (n=59) offered shipping and 82.8% (n=53) shipped to US buyers; 76.6% (n=49) allowed visitors to type a birthday or choose the '21 or older' option to access the site. Of the 59 sites shipping to buyers, 76.3% (n=45) offered free shipping, 21.9% (n=14) required login to purchase products, while most sites (n=45, 76.3%) allowed visitors to reach the checkout page without ID verification. The US Postal Service is the most commonly used shipping carrier (n=23), in violation of the Preventing All Cigarette Trafficking Act.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Most OVSs rely on age self-certification, which underage youth can easily exploit to access these products. Findings warrant that the Food and Drug Administration, state and local policymakers explore additional actions regulating online tobacco sales to address the compliance issues our data elucidate. These include enhanced surveillance, compliance checks and stricter penalties.</p>","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":"259-262"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139404511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Young adults' preference for characterising versus concept e-cigarette flavours: an exploration of industry flavour renaming tactics.","authors":"Ying Zhang, Lauren Czaplicki, Meghan Moran","doi":"10.1136/tc-2023-058572","DOIUrl":"10.1136/tc-2023-058572","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":"280"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140923375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of nicotine corrective messaging on nicotine-related beliefs in US adults: a randomised controlled trial.","authors":"Andrea C Villanti, Catherine Peasley-Miklus, Melissa Mercincavage, Darren Mays, Eric C Donny, Joseph N Cappella, Andrew A Strasser","doi":"10.1136/tc-2023-058252","DOIUrl":"10.1136/tc-2023-058252","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Widespread misperceptions of the health risks of nicotine could undermine the public health benefits of the Food and Drug Administration's actions, including modified risk tobacco product authorisations and a reduced nicotine product standard for cigarettes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>794 US adults (aged 18+) in NORC's AmeriSpeak panel participated in a randomised controlled trial in Spring 2021 to test the effect of three exposures to eight nicotine corrective messages (NCM) on beliefs about nicotine, nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), e-cigarettes and reduced nicotine content (RNC) cigarettes at 3-month follow-up. Analyses conducted in 2022 examined the effect of study condition (NCM (n=393) vs no message control (n=401)) on nicotine beliefs, use intentions and use of nicotine and tobacco products.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Exposure to three NCM doses reduced nicotine (b=-0.33; 95% CI -0.60, -0.07), NRT (b=-0.49; 95% CI -0.85, -0.14), e-cigarette (b=-0.32; 95% CI -0.59, -0.05) and RNC cigarette false beliefs (b=-0.64; 95% CI -1.26, -0.02) compared with the control, controlling for baseline beliefs. Baseline tobacco use and concern about nicotine addiction attenuated intervention effects on false beliefs about RNC cigarettes. There were few intervention effects on intention or use of nicotine and tobacco products.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Repeated exposure to NCM was necessary to reduce false beliefs about nicotine and tobacco products. Future studies will improve understanding of the dose and duration of nicotine education needed to shift intentions and behaviour, as well as tailored content for tobacco product users to achieve similar reductions in false beliefs as non-users.</p><p><strong>Trial registration number: </strong>NCT04805515.</p>","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":"162-168"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12015006/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138291832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causal effects of point-of-sale cigarette promotions and subjective social status on cigarette craving: a randomised within-person experiment.","authors":"Mary Andrews, Nicole Cooper, Bradley D Mattan, José Carreras-Tartak, Alexandra M Paul, Andrew A Strasser, Lisa Henriksen, Emily B Falk","doi":"10.1136/tc-2023-058069","DOIUrl":"10.1136/tc-2023-058069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cigarette smoking continues to be a leading cause of preventable deaths in the USA, in part because the USA has not adopted the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. One way the tobacco industry counteracts tobacco control policies is by heavily advertising cigarettes at the point of sale in retailers (eg, at the cash register) and by offering discounts on cigarettes.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A within-subject experimental design with adults who smoke cigarettes daily (n=281) investigated whether: (1) exposure to images of cigarette promotions in an online experiment is associated with greater cigarette craving relative to viewing images of non-smoking cues, and (2) if exposure to images of point-of-sale cigarette promotions with a discount (vs without) increases cigarette craving. The study also examined how participants' subjective social status (compared with others in the USA) relates to cigarette craving after exposure to images of cigarette promotions with and without a discount.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In an online experiment, exposure to images of smoking cues, including point-of-sale cigarette promotions, elicited greater craving relative to non-smoking cues (all p<0.001). In addition, images of promotions with a discount elicited higher levels of craving compared with those without a discount (<i>b</i>=0.09, p=0.001). Although participants with a higher (vs lower) subjective social status craved cigarettes less overall (<i>b</i>=-0.12, p=0.012), there was no difference in their craving between images of promotions with and without a discount, while craving was higher for images of promotions with a discount than without for participants with higher subjective social status (<i>b</i>=0.06, p=0.021).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Viewing images of point-of-sale cigarette promotions can causally increase cravings to smoke, which may also apply to real-world retail settings that display cigarette promotions. Restricting point-of-sale promotions generally, and discounts specifically, could help reduce cigarette smoking and address tobacco use disparities in the USA.</p>","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":"220-227"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11082063/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72210908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the ChatGPT platform with scenario-specific prompts for vaping cessation.","authors":"Samia Amin, Crissy Terawaki Kawamoto, Pallav Pokhrel","doi":"10.1136/tc-2023-058009","DOIUrl":"10.1136/tc-2023-058009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate and start a discussion on the potential usefulness of applying Artificial Intelligence (AI)-driven natural language processing technology such as the ChatGPT in tobacco control efforts, specifically vaping cessation.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Ten real-world questions about vaping cessation were selected from a Reddit forum and used as ChatGPT prompts or queries. Content analysis was performed on the ChatGPT responses to identify the thematic aspects of vaping cessation support represented in the responses. Next, the responses were empirically evaluated by five experts in tobacco control on accuracy, quality, clarity, and empathy.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The following themes related to vaping cessation support were identified: understanding nicotine withdrawal symptoms, self-regulation, peer support, motivational support, and Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT). The experts judged the ChatGPT responses to be 'satisfactory' to 'excellent' in areas of accuracy, quality, clarity, and empathy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>If managed by a group of experts, including clinicians, and behavioral and computer scientists, a platform such as the ChatGPT may be leveraged to design tailored interventions for tobacco use cessation, including vaping cessation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":"251-253"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10792116/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9873625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of geographically weighted regression models to inform retail endgame strategies in South Korea: application to cigarette and ENDS prevalence.","authors":"Heewon Kang, Eunsil Cheon, Jaeyoung Ha, Sung-Il Cho","doi":"10.1136/tc-2023-058117","DOIUrl":"10.1136/tc-2023-058117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Reducing tobacco retailer availability is a key tobacco endgame policy. The development and evaluation of retail-based policies require spatial methodologies. We modelled the prevalence of adult cigarette and electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) use according to tobacco retailer density, considering geographical variations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Registration data for tobacco retail businesses, a population-representative survey of South Koreans aged ≥19 years, and population and land area data were used. We merged the datasets according to geographical units. Ordinary least squares (OLS) and geographically weighted regression (GWR) analyses were conducted to model cigarette and ENDS use prevalence, respectively.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Tobacco retailer density was associated with increased cigarette use prevalence in the OLS model (β=2.19, p=0.02). A 1.9-fold difference by region was identified for the coefficient, indicating an association with tobacco retailer density (minimum 1.39, maximum 2.65), in the GWR analysis. No significant association was present between tobacco retailer density and ENDS prevalence in either the OLS (β=0.24, p=0.37) or the GWR model (minimum 0.20, maximum 0.28).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results suggest the importance of using spatial methods to develop and evaluate retail-based endgame policies. The establishment of tobacco retailer databases by the introduction of licensing is necessary to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of tobacco retailer regulations.</p>","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":"205-211"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41213866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lil Solid: a more affordable option for heated tobacco products in Guatemala.","authors":"Jose Monzon, Sophia Mus, Gustavo Davila, Joaquin Barnoya, Minji Kim, James Thrasher","doi":"10.1136/tc-2023-057954","DOIUrl":"10.1136/tc-2023-057954","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":"270-271"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11109015/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138483009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of 'Ice' flavoured e-cigarettes with synthetic cooling agent WS-23 or menthol on user-reported appeal and sensory attributes.","authors":"Alayna P Tackett, Dae Hee Han, Natalia Peraza, Reid C Whaley, Tyler Mason, Rael Cahn, Kurt Hong, Raina Pang, John Monterosso, Michelle K Page, Maciej Lukasz Goniewicz, Adam M Leventhal","doi":"10.1136/tc-2023-058125","DOIUrl":"10.1136/tc-2023-058125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This clinical experiment tested the effects of exposure to e-cigarettes with WS-23 or menthol cooling additives on user appeal and sensory attributes, and, secondarily, whether WS-23 effects generalised across base characterising flavour, nicotine concentration, or nicotine/tobacco product use status.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this within-participant double-blind experiment, adult tobacco/nicotine users administered standardised puffs of 18 different e-cigarette solutions in randomised sequences using a pod-style device. Each of three base characterising e-cigarette flavour solutions ('bold tobacco', 'mango,' 'wintergreen') in both 2% and 4% concentrations of nicotine benzoate salt were manipulated by adding either: (1) Menthol (0.5%), (2) WS-23 (0.75%) or (3) No cooling agent. After each administration, participants rated 3 appeal and 5 sensory attributes (0-100 scales).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants (n=84; M(SD)=38.6 (13.6) years old) were either exclusive e-cigarette (25.0%), cigarette (36.9%) or dual (38.1%) users. WS-23 versus no coolant products produced higher liking, willingness to use again, smoothness, and coolness and lower disliking, bitterness, and harshness ratings (|B|_difference range: 4.8 to 20.1; ps<0.005). Menthol (vs no coolant) increased willingness to use again and reduced harshness and coolness (ps<0.05). Flavours with WS-23 (vs menthol) were rated as smoother, cooler and less harsh (ps<0.05). Coolant effects did not differ by base flavour, nicotine concentration, or tobacco use status.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Adding synthetic coolant WS-23 to e-cigarettes appears to make the vaping user experience more appealing, regardless of characterising base flavour. Regulatory agencies should be aware that the manufacturing process of adding synthetic coolants may increase the attractiveness of various e-cigarette products.Cite Now.</p>","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":"175-182"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11076411/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71522666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Need for improved regulation of tobacco e-commerce.","authors":"Eric C Leas","doi":"10.1136/tc-2023-058515","DOIUrl":"10.1136/tc-2023-058515","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":"276-277"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12015083/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139404512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}