Tobacco Control最新文献

{"title":"Support among adults for a policy to lower nicotine levels in cigarettes and cigars - USA, 2023.","authors":"Margaret Mahoney, Alexander Schwank, Maeh Al-Shawaf, Carissa Baker Holmes, Michael A Tynan","doi":"10.1136/tc-2024-059220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/tc-2024-059220","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nicotine is highly addictive and plays a dominant role in sustaining commercial tobacco use. This study assesses support for a policy to lower the nicotine levels in both cigarettes and cigars because reducing nicotine levels to less addictive or non-addictive levels is expected to reduce tobacco use and the resulting tobacco-related disease and death. Data came from SpringStyles 2023, a web panel survey of adults in the USA, aged 18 years or older (N=6694). Overall, 79.9% of adults supported this policy, including 69.3% of adults who currently smoke cigarettes, 70.2% of adults who currently smoke cigars and 79.2% of adults who reported that they tried to quit smoking in the past year. These findings can help inform federal, state, local, tribal and territorial efforts to reduce commercial tobacco product use.</p>","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143812507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the effects of minimum floor price laws on tobacco use among youth in the state of Virginia, USA: an agent-based simulation approach.","authors":"Shuo-Yu Lin, Hemant Purohit, Randy Koch, Andrew J Barnes, Rashelle B Hayes, Xiaoquan Zhao, Hong Xue","doi":"10.1136/tc-2024-058801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/tc-2024-058801","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Preventing youth exposure to cigarette smoking is a public health priority. One of the most effective ways to reduce tobacco use is to increase the prices of tobacco products. Minimum floor price laws (MFPLs) are a relatively new but more feasible strategy that sets a price below which the product cannot be sold. We aim to examine the effects of minimum floor prices (MFPs) on tobacco use among youth in Virginia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An agent-based modelling (ABM) was developed from bottom-up to evaluate the influence of increasing the cigarette MFPs on middle and high school students' smoking behaviour in the state of Virginia. A rational-addiction model was integrated to model the smoking decision of youth under the dynamic utility maximisation framework within the ABM.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The model predicted that every 10% increase in the MFP in Virginia could prevent 2232 8th graders and 1890 12th graders from cigarette smoking, a 2.4% and 1.8% reduction in median smoking prevalence. For students who smoked, 8th and 12th graders would consume 0.36 and 0.45 fewer cigarettes per smoking day if experiencing a 10% increase in the MFP from the baseline US$7.50 to US$8.30. The MFP level that produces the maximal response was estimated to be between 10% and 30%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MFPLs provide local jurisdictions with a potentially effective strategy to reduce tobacco use and mitigate-related harms among youth.</p>","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143789232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of state e-cigarette tax policies on the transitions of youth tobacco/nicotine use patterns in the USA: evidence from national longitudinal data.","authors":"Siyi Huang, Qiushi Chen, Paul M Griffin, Sunday Azagba","doi":"10.1136/tc-2024-058923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/tc-2024-058923","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Several US states have implemented regulations, including e-cigarette taxes, primarily to reduce e-cigarette use among youth and young adults. Although several studies have examined e-cigarette tax regulations, studies assessing the impact of e-cigarette taxes on the transitions of tobacco/nicotine use patterns are largely absent from the extant literature.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included 9774 participants aged 12-17 years at baseline from waves 1 to 4 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study. We estimated transition probabilities between non-current users, e-cigarette-exclusive users and other tobacco/nicotine users. The inverse probability of treatment weighting method was applied to estimate the average treatment effect on the treated (ATT) of e-cigarette tax policies on the transitions between tobacco/nicotine use classes among youth and young adults.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants in the states with e-cigarette tax policies had lower probabilities of progressing from non-current use to the other two classes and higher probabilities of opposite transitions than those without. The e-cigarette tax policies significantly decreased the probability of remaining as e-cigarette-exclusive users (ATT=-0.15 (95% CI -0.23, -0.08)) and increased their probability of transitioning to non-current users (0.19 (95% CI 0.09, 0.29)), compared with if they had not been exposed to e-cigarette tax policies. These policies also increased the probability of remaining in non-current users (0.02 (95% CI 0.01, 0.03)) and decreased the probability of progressing to other classes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that e-cigarette tax policies may prevent and reduce exclusive e-cigarette use in youths, providing valuable insights for states that have not implemented e-cigarette taxes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143789235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early assessment of compliance with California's flavoured tobacco sales prohibition: evidence from vape shops.","authors":"Arzoo Alam, Lisa Henriksen, Trent O Johnson, Judith J Prochaska, Nina Schleicher","doi":"10.1136/tc-2024-059047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/tc-2024-059047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>In December 2022, California became the second US state to prohibit the sale of most flavoured tobacco/nicotine products. To our knowledge, this is the first observational study to assess violations of California's law. It reports on the availability of flavoured vape products in vape shops and tests whether flavoured vape products were more common in vape shops nearer to college campuses compared with those farther from college campuses, adjusting for neighbourhood demographics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between April and July 2023, observations were recorded at vape shops (n=400) nearer to (≤3 miles) or farther from (>3 miles) a college campus. Vape shops were the focus of this study because a large proportion (48.2%) of US young adults purchase vapes from these venues. Availability of any disposable nicotine vapes, JUUL pods and flavoured varieties of these products were recorded. Multivariable logistic regressions tested relationships between flavoured product availability, proximity to a college campus and store neighbourhood demographics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In violation of California's law, flavoured disposable vapes and/or JUUL pods were available in 50.3% of all vape shops studied. Flavoured disposable vapes were in 53.2% of vape shops with any disposable vapes, and flavoured JUUL pods were in 30.9% of vape shops with any JUUL pods. Contrary to expectation, no significant relationships were identified between the availability of flavoured vapes and proximity to a college campus or store neighbourhood demographics.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study revealed high rates of violations among vape shops within 4 to 7 months after the implementation of California's law. Efforts to improve retailer education and enforcement are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143773391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"'Discreet shipping' on TikTok enables selling of e-cigarettes to youth.","authors":"George Pearson, Diana Lane Davidson, Barbara Schillo, Jennifer M Kreslake","doi":"10.1136/tc-2023-058315","DOIUrl":"10.1136/tc-2023-058315","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":"274-275"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139404510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global taxation of electronic nicotine and non-nicotine delivery systems: a cross-country evaluation.","authors":"Estelle Dauchy, Caroline Fuss","doi":"10.1136/tc-2023-058064","DOIUrl":"10.1136/tc-2023-058064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Taxation is a key component of tobacco products' regulation given its proven effectiveness to generate revenue and achieve public health goals. The diversity of the market for e-cigarettes (electronic nicotine delivery systems and electronic non-nicotine delivery systems, ENDS/ENNDS) complicates comparative analyses per unit, thus challenging efforts to assess countries' excise tax burdens for e-cigarettes. Further complicating taxes on e-cigarettes is the necessity to balance two public health priorities: (1) deterring initiation among people who have never smoked, and (2) supporting cessation efforts among people currently smoking or who previously smoked. This study evaluates and compares excise tax burdens and tax system characteristics of e-cigarettes across 54 countries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To determine countries' excise tax burdens per millilitre of e-liquid, we collect a unique database of tax characteristics and prices in countries where ENDS/ENNDS are currently sold. We calculate the excise tax per millilitre of e-liquid and convert e-liquid prices to a comparable price per millilitre across countries.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty countries employ a specific excise system, 10 apply an ad valorem system, 9 apply a tiered specific system, 1 applies a tiered ad valorem system and 4 apply a mixed tax system. The excise tax burden is highest in Belarus (87.2%, specific), Norway (81.2%, tiered specific) and Egypt (74.7%, mixed), and lowest in Costa Rica (7.4%, ad valorem), Paraguay (2.9%, ad valorem) and Croatia (0%, specific).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The advantages of one tax system over another are context specific. Tax burdens tend to be much larger in countries that use a specific tax than in countries that use a value-based (ad valorem) tax.</p>","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":"198-204"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10214745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring website marketing among leading e-cigarette brands and vendors in California: content analysis.","authors":"Scott I Donaldson, Trista Beard, Allison Dormanesh, Cindy Pérez, Patricia Escobedo, Jennifer B Unger, Heather Lynn Wipfli, Artur Galimov, Jon-Patrick Allem","doi":"10.1136/tc-2023-058000","DOIUrl":"10.1136/tc-2023-058000","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) brands and vendors use websites to promote pro-tobacco messages that may increase susceptibility to use e-cigarettes among never users or help sustain continued e-cigarette use among current users. E-cigarette website marketing is lightly regulated, and little is known about promotional strategies used on e-cigarette companies' websites. This study conducted a content analysis of website marketing from leading e-cigarette companies selling products in California.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study identified 20 e-cigarette vendors and 6 e-cigarette brands that had products available for purchase online in California. Two coders visited 26 websites between 06 February 2022 and 17 April 2022. Websites were coded for marketing themes, promotional and interactive content, availability of flavoured e-cigarette products, presence of health warnings, and reference to tobacco control policies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Marketing themes related to physical health benefits of e-cigarette use were found on 50.0% of the websites. 57.7% of the websites had sales/discounts/coupons. 65.4% of the websites had fruit-flavoured disposable e-cigarettes, while 73.1% of the websites had fruit-flavoured e-liquids available for purchase. 69.2% of the websites allowed users to sign up for email newsletters, and 88.9% of such websites did not require users to create an age-verified account to receive email newsletters.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings from this study can be used to inform statewide regulations of promotional communications found on e-cigarette companies' websites and encourage enforcement of age-verification procedures. This may help reduce susceptibility to use, or continued use of, e-cigarette products among price-sensitive populations, such as adolescents and young adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":"192-197"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10467762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Responding to US executive orders and Trump 2.0: ideological language bans and attempts to suppress science will not obscure the tobacco epidemic's foundations of exploitation and inequity.","authors":"Marita Hefler","doi":"10.1136/tc-2025-059437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/tc-2025-059437","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":"34 2","pages":"141-142"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143765004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Including the term 'tobacco-free nicotine' in the nicotine addiction warning label mandated by the US Food and Drug Administration alters risk perceptions and use intentions.","authors":"Meghan Elizabeth Morean, Ralitza Gueorguieva, Stephanie O'Malley, Suchitra Krishnan-Sarin","doi":"10.1136/tc-2023-058133","DOIUrl":"10.1136/tc-2023-058133","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) requires a warning label on nicotine e-cigarettes and pouches: 'This product contains nicotine. Nicotine is an addictive chemical'. Some brands marketing synthetic nicotine products have modified the warning ('This product contains tobacco-free nicotine (TFN)…'). The public health impact of altering the warning is unknown, so we examined its impact on risk perceptions and use intentions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>1000 participants completed an anonymous online survey. Participants viewed the black-and-white FDA and TFN-modified warning labels in isolation, in a randomised order and reported on perceived addictiveness and, secondarily, use intentions. Participants then selected which label conveyed the most harm overall. Generalised estimating equations (GEEs) were used to evaluate the impact of label type and participant characteristics on perceived addictiveness and, secondarily, use intentions. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate relationships between participant characteristics and choosing which label conveyed the most harm.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, the TFN-modified label was associated with lower addictiveness ratings but not increased use intentions. Where significant interactions between label type and participant characteristics emerged, TFN-modified labelling was associated with disproportionately reduced risk perceptions or increased use intentions among vulnerable populations (eg, underage individuals, racially minoritised groups). 25.5% of participants selected the TFN-modified label as conveying the most harm, with younger individuals (<21 years) significantly less likely to choose the TFN-modified label.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Modifying the FDA-mandated nicotine warning label to include 'tobacco-free nicotine' may negatively impact public health, so the FDA should enforce inclusion of its original required warning label.</p>","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":"212-219"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11055938/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66784340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimising a product standard for banning menthol and other flavours in tobacco products.","authors":"Christina N Kyriakos, Janet Chung-Hall, Lorraine V Craig, Geoffrey T Fong","doi":"10.1136/tc-2023-058174","DOIUrl":"10.1136/tc-2023-058174","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this paper, we highlight key issues that policymakers should consider when developing a product standard banning menthol and other flavours in tobacco products based on research evidence and experiences learnt from other countries. A flavour product standard may be optimised by (1) having a clear and comprehensive definition of flavour that includes a complete ban on additives that have flavour properties and/or evoke sensory/cooling effects (ie, menthol analogues and synthetic coolants that stimulate the cooling receptor of the brain) rather than only as a 'characterising flavour' and (2) applying the standard to all tobacco product categories as well as all components or parts of the tobacco product (ie, the tobacco, filter, wrapper or paper), including separate flavourings that can be added to the product.</p>","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":"239-241"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11078886/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72015531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}