Tobacco Control最新文献

{"title":"The UK Tobacco and Vapes Bill (2023/4): framing strategies used by tobacco and nicotine industry actors faced with an endgame policy (a generational sales ban of tobacco products) and nicotine product restrictions.","authors":"Britta K Matthes, Tess Legg, Rosemary Hiscock, Allen W A Gallagher, Karin Silver, Hala Alaouie, Duncan Thomas, Anna B Gilmore","doi":"10.1136/tc-2024-059207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/tc-2024-059207","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In 2023, the UK government proposed a Bill introducing a generational ban on the sale of tobacco products and measures targeting youth nicotine product (NP) use. Industries' responses remain unexplored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analysed 43 consultation and evidence submissions from tobacco and nicotine industry-linked actors, assessing their connections to transnational tobacco companies (TTCs) and using an evidence-based taxonomy to examine framing strategies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TTCs and actors with known current TTC links accounted for 42% of submissions. Other actors-some with historic TTC ties-were other tobacco products (OTPs) specialists, NP specialists and retailers. Tobacco and nicotine industries were generally portrayed as 'good' with TTCs framing themselves as public health champions, while policymakers, the public health community and non-compliant sellers were depicted as 'bad' actors. TTCs, linked groups and additional OTP actors opposed the generational ban, arguing it lacked evidence and would harm the economy and increase violence against retailers. Proposed alternative approaches included exempting heated tobacco products (HTPs) and OTPs, and raising the age of sale to 21. TTCs, linked actors and NP actors opposed restrictions on NP flavours, packaging and display, arguing these would infringe on rights, harm retailers, stifle innovation, and increase smoking and illicit trade. They framed youth NP use as resulting from irresponsible individuals and advocated for education, stricter penalties and self-regulation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>When faced with tobacco endgame and nicotine control policies in the UK, tobacco and nicotine industries pushed back using framing strategies common to health-harming industries. Despite contradicting their 'transformation' narratives, TTCs still sought to position themselves as public health actors deserving policy access. Advocates, researchers and policymakers can anticipate opposition to endgame policies-such as a generational sales ban-and NP restrictions, proactively preparing to counter this opposition in order to safeguard public health policy from vested interests.</p>","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143692976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of compliance with smoke-free regulations in a multi-ethnic city in Western China: a mixed-methods study.","authors":"Yuhang Zhang, Yutong Xu, Shushu Wang, Jiayin Zheng, Qingyu Li, Xinyu Shi, Xinying Zeng, Rui Liu, Xiaojing Wang, Kathy Wright, Esme Kalbag, Peng Meng, Siwen Huang, Jingtao Zhou, Chi Ruan, Lin Xiao, Sitong Luo","doi":"10.1136/tc-2024-059077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/tc-2024-059077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>China has enacted subnational smoke-free legislations, which requires compliance evaluations to provide data for future implementation planning. This study comprehensively assessed smoke-free regulation compliance in Xining in Western China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Conducted in November and December 2023, the study used a mixed-methods design. Quantitative surveys of observing the existence of 'no evidence of smoking' were completed by trained investigators in 1007 venues (including 2553 indoor and 55 outdoor areas). PM2.5 concentration assessments of evidence of smoking were performed in 48 venues. Staff interviews on perceptions and implementation of the regulations were conducted in 94 venues.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the quantitative survey, the compliance rate of 'no evidence of smoking' in indoor areas ranged from 65.2% to 100% by venue types, with public transportation vehicles (100%) and educational institutions (90%) showing the highest rates and leisure/entertainment/accommodation venues showing the lowest. The compliance rate in outdoor areas was 88.5% for health institutions and 96.4% for educational institutions. The PM2.5 monitoring found six venues (one hospital and five leisure/entertainment/accommodation venues) had an average PM2.5 concentration level exceeding China's air quality standard, which were highly likely caused by people smoking. Qualitative interviews revealed that lack of commitment and knowledge to regulations among venue staff and non-cooperation of smoking clients might be the main reasons contributing to unsatisfactory compliance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study provided empirical data on the compliance with local smoke-free regulations in Xining and identified a room for improvement. Efforts should be made to raise public awareness of smoke-free regulations and strengthen regulations' enforcement and supervision.</p>","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143670798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protecting children from second-hand tobacco smoke in the home: the need for a new approach.","authors":"Sean Semple, Olena Tigova, Rebecca Howell, Edward Davie, Giuseppe Gorini, Stephen W Turner, Constantine Vardavas, Luke Clancy, Armando Peruga, Esteve Fernández, Rachel O'Donnell","doi":"10.1136/tc-2024-059205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/tc-2024-059205","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143634535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adolescent cigarette and e-cigarette use after the rise of disposable e-cigarettes: interrupted time series study in Germany 2016-2024.","authors":"Reiner Hanewinkel, Julia Hansen","doi":"10.1136/tc-2024-059215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/tc-2024-059215","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143634531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of users of French smoking cessation services from 2004 to 2018.","authors":"Ingrid Allagbé, Joël Ménard, Anne-Laurence Le Faou","doi":"10.1136/tc-2024-058795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/tc-2024-058795","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We investigated changes in the profile of persons who smoke (PWS) seeking assistance from smoking cessation services (SCS) in France between 2004 and 2018, aligning with national policies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective study of 131 280 adult PWS was conducted across three periods: 2004-2008 (during a 42% increase in tobacco prices), 2009-2013 (following a tobacco sales ban to minors) and 2014-2018 (marking the first national antismoking policy). Sociodemographic and medical characteristics, smoking behaviours and prescribed cessation medications were analysed cross-sectionally at the first consultation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between 2004-2008 and 2014-2018, the mean age of SCS attendees increased from 44 to 47 years (p<0.001). Concurrently, the proportion of PWS without a school diploma rose from 19% to 22%, and unemployed PWS from 13% to 22% (both p<0.001). Smoking-related cancer prevalence doubled from 3% to 6% (p<0.001). The proportion of PWS with no prior quit attempts increased from 31% in 2004-2008 to 35% in 2014-2018 (p<0.001). There was also a notable decline in those attending SCS on a personal initiative, dropping from 45% to 35% (p<0.001). Mean number of cigarettes smoked daily was stable at 23 between 2004 and 2018. Combination nicotine replacement therapy remained the most prescribed cessation medication, accounting for 44% of treatments during this period.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite tobacco control efforts between 2004 and 2018, challenges persist in reducing smoking behaviours in France. Increased SCS utilisation among older adults and individuals with lower socioeconomic status underscores the importance of enhancing SCS availability in France to support the various profiles of PWS.</p>","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143634533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Representation of commercial and traditional tobacco on social media: deconstructing historical narratives to address the Indigenous youth tobacco epidemic.","authors":"Alec J Calac, Tiana McMann, Zhuoran Li, Raphael Cuomo, Timothy K Mackey","doi":"10.1136/tc-2024-058881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/tc-2024-058881","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tobacco has significant cultural and spiritual uses in many Indigenous communities. The tobacco industry has long appropriated American Indian or Alaska Native (AI/AN or Indigenous) cultural imagery in print media and signage to advertise commercial tobacco products. In the internet era, little is known about the representation of commercial tobacco product advertising using AI/AN terms and images on social media.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>With structured platform searches, custom data collection approaches and a combination of manual content analysis and natural language processing approaches (NLP), we identified and characterised content using the hashtag #TraditionalTobacco (specific to Indigenous contexts) on Instagram and Twitter.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Using a combination of manual annotation and NLP, we identified prevalent themes and discussion topics, such as misrepresentation of traditional AI/AN uses of tobacco, appropriation of AI/AN imagery in retail advertising of tobacco and different uses for tobacco among North American Indigenous communities in 486 Instagram posts and 89 tweets. The representation of retail and recreational use of tobacco was more prevalent than traditional tobacco use on Instagram, a platform popular among youth and adolescents, while tobacco-related conversations on Twitter (X) primarily focused on debunking misconceptions about traditional tobacco use. Several tobacco retailers using AI/AN imagery in their advertising claimed to be affiliated with an AI/AN community, but we were unable to verify if these claims were authorised or legitimate.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings may inform the design of culturally appropriate tobacco cessation interventions among AI/AN youth and lead to greater regulation of commercial tobacco product advertising.</p>","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143626194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Australian adolescents' knowledge of smoking harms and misperceptions about tobacco products: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Maree Scully, Melanie A Wakefield, Emily Baker, Ian Koh, Michelle Scollo, Emily Brennan, Victoria M White, Sarah J Durkin","doi":"10.1136/tc-2024-059083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/tc-2024-059083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess adolescents' baseline knowledge of smoking health harms scheduled to be covered in future graphic health warnings (GHWs) and inform the content of future tobacco control public communication campaigns.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional survey of 8631 secondary school students (mean age=14.5 years) in Australia in 2022/2023 (weighted n=8655). Students were asked (a) for their agreement/disagreement that smoking causes each of nine harms (eg, lung cancer, stomach cancer and asthma), (b) to indicate where most of smoking's harmful chemicals come from and (c) for their agreement/disagreement concerning the relative harmfulness of different tobacco product attributes (eg, menthol and roll-your-own). Multivariable logistic regression analyses examined associations between students' knowledge and perceptions and their smoking status, controlling for demographics and school-level clustering.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Students had greater awareness of harms previously publicised in Australia. Among students who had never smoked, those open to future smoking had lower awareness of six smoking harms than those with a firm future intention not to smoke. Only 17.8% of all students were aware that most harmful chemicals came from burning the tobacco, with 37.8% not knowing and 34.6% attributing the source to additives. Three-quarters held misperceptions that roll-your-own cigarettes are less harmful than factory-made cigarettes or that cigarette smoke which feels light or smooth is less harmful than smoke that feels harsh. Only 25.9% of students were aware that menthol cigarettes are more addictive than non-menthol cigarettes.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>New GHWs and public communication campaigns could improve student knowledge of previously unpublicised smoking harms and counter pervasive misperceptions about tobacco products.</p>","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of retail environment regulations on reducing tobacco retailers and operating hours: a case study in Egypt.","authors":"Raouf Alebshehy, Ramy Ibrahim, Sherif Elmitwalli","doi":"10.1136/tc-2024-058995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/tc-2024-058995","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The tobacco industry targets future generations to maintain its profits. One of its tactics is to maintain its presence noticed at the level of retail environment. Measures to address this high presence are identified in the literature. Our study examines the effects of six of these identified tobacco retail reduction measures in reducing the total number of tobacco retailers and the number of retailers within 500, 1000 and 2000 m from youth-oriented facilities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were collected by scraping Google Places on examination points including locations, opening hours, type and subtype of tobacco retailers in addition to educational, youth, health and religious facilities. The six studied measures were enacted using Python codes to assess the reduction percentage. The measures included restricting tobacco retail outlets per density of population, requiring a minimum distance between tobacco retailers, banning tobacco retail outlets within a minimum distance from specific facilities, banning tobacco sale in specific retail outlets, restricting tobacco retail outlets per geographic area and limiting the number of hours in which tobacco can be sold.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The data collected showed a high presence of tobacco retailers around vital facilities, particularly youth-oriented ones. The six scenarios implemented showcased a positive reduction in the number of tobacco retailers in total and around youth-oriented facilities. The total reduction of retailers varied from 4% up to total elimination of availability.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>Our study presents an example of measurable reduction impact of six tobacco retail reduction measures. The high percentage in reduction achieved, especially around youth-oriented facilities, is worth the attention of policy-makers to be considered as countermeasures for the high tobacco industry presence in retail.</p>","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143543647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Online retailer noncompliance to e-cigarette excise tax and tobacco licensing laws.","authors":"Tomas Mejorado, Shannon Ellis, Raquel M Harati, Nora Satybaldiyeva, Gustavo Benitez, Emily A C Austin, Eric C Leas","doi":"10.1136/tc-2024-059161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/tc-2024-059161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Tax non-compliance by online vaping retailers undermines excise taxes designed to reduce vaping rates and fund prevention efforts. Despite California's 12.5% Electronic Cigarette Excise Tax and federal mandates under the Prevent All Cigarette Trafficking Act, online vaping retailers' adherence to excise taxes remains unclear. This study assessed excise tax compliance among online vaping retailers shipping products to California consumers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>156 purchase attempts were made from n=78 online vaping retailers shipping to San Diego residential addresses. 16 buyers used their personal billing information and residential addresses. Receipts obtained from their purchases were analysed to determine if retailers charged the required 12.5% tax. Retailer licensing status was verified by comparing retailer information to the state's licensed business list using geolocation and approximate string matching. Differences in compliance rates were compared using χ² and Fisher's exact tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the n=58 retailers with receipts, 84.5% did not charge the required excise tax. In-state retailers were more likely to be (p<0.001) licensed than out-of-state (4.0%) or international (0.0%), but tax compliance rates did not significantly differ by retailer location (p=0.57)-intrastate (19.2%), interstate (16.7%) or international (0.0%). Licensed retailers had higher tax compliance (27.3%) than unlicensed ones (9.1%); however, overall compliance was low.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Many online vape retailers fail to comply with California's excise tax and licensing laws. Low compliance rates indicate existing enforcement mechanisms are not optimised for online sales. Enhancing oversight and enforcement of excise tax laws for online retailers is crucial to reduce tax non-compliance, prevent revenue loss and support public health.</p>","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143524523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vaping cessation interventions: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Javad Heshmati, Avinash Pandey, Joseph Benjamen, Muhammad Furqan, Muhammad Salman, Sarah Visintini, Kerri-Anne Mullen, Gordon Guyatt, Andrew L Pipe, Hassan Mir","doi":"10.1136/tc-2024-058798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/tc-2024-058798","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), such as e-cigarettes, have surged in popularity. While long-term risks remain unclear, known dangers include nicotine addiction, E-cigarette or Vaping Use-Associated Lung Injury and potential extrapulmonary effects on the heart, immune system and neurodevelopment. Addressing ENDS addiction may require strategies akin to smoking cessation. However, evidence is lacking; there are no currently approved vaping-cessation aids. The objective of this review is to summarise the available literature addressing interventions for vaping cessation.</p><p><strong>Data sources and study selection: </strong>A librarian-assisted search was conducted in MEDLINE, Embase and Scopus, as well as preprints in Europe PMC, Open Science Framework, and the grey literature searches until January 2024. Six included studies used self-report methods to determine the abstinence rate, while one study used cotinine-level-verified self-reported abstinence. We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that examine 'rates of vaping cessation' outcomes. An intention-to-treat approach was used for data extraction, and random-effects meta-analyses models were applied.</p><p><strong>Data synthesis: </strong>Seven RCTs were included, which studied pharmacological therapy, digital interventions and/or educational content. The primary meta-analyses demonstrated a statistically significant increase in the odds of achieving 7-day point prevalence abstinence (PPA) (OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.15 to 2.01, number of participants=3244, moderate-certainty) and continuous abstinence (OR 2.71, 95% CI 1.31 to 5.61, number of participants=164, low-certainty) following intervention. A non-significant increase in odds was noted at 30-day PPA (OR 1.32, 95% CI 0.72 to 2.42, number of participants=1994, very low certainty).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Vaping cessation interventions increase 7-day PPA rates at 1-12 months follow-up and this was consistent across prespecified subgroup analyses of the intervention type, outcome and duration of follow-up. More high-quality studies with reproducible findings are needed to enhance the certainty of the evidence and guide clinical interventions.</p><p><strong>Prospero registration number: </strong>CRD42022383670.</p>","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143516857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}