Tobacco Control最新文献

{"title":"Universal smoking machine adaptor for tobacco product testing.","authors":"Ahmad El-Hellani, Clifford H Watson, Michelle Huang, Clark W Wilson, Clint C Fleshman, Ryan Petitti, Mary Pancake, Chad Bennett, Brittney L Keller-Hamilton, Jeremy Jones, Hang Tran, Roberto Bravo Cardenas, Darren Mays, Wei Ye, Robert P Borthwick, Jason Schaff, Raymond L Williamson, Theodore L Wagener, Marielle C Brinkman","doi":"10.1136/tc-2023-058428","DOIUrl":"10.1136/tc-2023-058428","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Significance: </strong>Historically, tobacco product emissions testing using smoking machines has largely focused on combustible products, such as cigarettes and cigars. However, the popularity of newer products, such as electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes), has complicated emissions testing because the products' mouth-end geometries do not readily seal with existing smoking and vaping machines. The demand for emissions data on popularly used products has led to inefficient and non-standardised solutions, such as laboratories making their geometry-specific custom adaptors and/or employing flexible tubing, for each unique mouth-end geometry tested. A user-friendly, validated, universal smoking machine adaptor (USMA) is needed for testing the variety of tobacco products reflecting consumer use, including e-cigarettes, heated tobacco products, cigarettes, plastic-tipped cigarillos and cigars.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prototype USMA that is compatible with existing smoking/vaping machines was designed and fabricated. The quality of the seal between the USMA and different tobacco products, including e-cigarettes, cigars and cigarillos, was evaluated by examining the leak rate.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Unlike commercial, product-specific adaptors, the USMA seals well with a wide range of tobacco product mouth-end geometries and masses. This includes e-cigarettes with non-cylindrical mouth ends and cigarillos with cuboid-like plastic tips. USMA leak rates were lower than or equivalent to commercial, product-specific adaptors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This report provides initial evidence that the USMA seals reliably with a variety of tobacco product mouth-end geometries and can be used with existing linear smoking/vaping machines to potentially improve the precision, repeatability and reproducibility of machine smoke yield data. Accurate and reproducible emissions testing is critical for regulating tobacco products.</p>","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":"700-703"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141620928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forward-looking measures to end the tobacco epidemic: the need for specialist civil society support and coordination for Article 2.1 of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control.","authors":"Laurent Huber, Marita Hefler","doi":"10.1136/tc-2025-059853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/tc-2025-059853","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":"34 5","pages":"565-566"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145225976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between tobacco 21 and state flavour restrictions with young adult tobacco use.","authors":"Summer Sherburne Hawkins, Naoka Carey, Rebekah Levine Coley, Christopher F Baum","doi":"10.1136/tc-2023-058448","DOIUrl":"10.1136/tc-2023-058448","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>States have recently enacted tobacco-related age and flavour restrictions in addition to federal T21 laws. Little is known about the independent effects of these policies on young adult tobacco use.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Linking 2011-2022 Behavioural Risk Factor Surveillance System data on 2 696 870, 18-59 years from 50 states and DC with policy data, we conducted probit regression models to evaluate the associations between state and federal T21 laws and state flavour restrictions with cigarettes, electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) and smokeless tobacco use. Models were adjusted for sociodemographics, additional tobacco policies, COVID-19-related factors, year and state. We tested two-way and three-way interactions between age, state T21 and federal T21 laws.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Although we did not find evidence that state T21 laws were associated with cigarette, smokeless tobacco or ENDS use overall, the federal T21 law was associated with lower use of all three tobacco products by 0.39-0.92 percentage points. State flavour restrictions were associated with lower use of cigarettes by 0.68 (-1.27 to -0.09) and ENDS by 0.56 (-1.11 to -0.00) percentage points, but not with smokeless tobacco. A three-way interaction revealed that state and federal T21 laws together were associated with a lower prevalence of ENDS use among 18-20 years, but there were no differences in cigarette use from both policies combined versus either alone.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>State and federal T21 laws are broadly effective at reducing adult tobacco use, while state flavour restrictions specifically lower use of cigarettes and ENDS.</p>","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":"571-578"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11693773/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140289081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interactions between ENDS and cigarette use: evidence from a 2022 national telephone survey in South Africa.","authors":"Kirsten van der Zee, Corné Van Walbeek","doi":"10.1136/tc-2023-058521","DOIUrl":"10.1136/tc-2023-058521","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) may serve as a cessation tool for people who smoke cigarettes. However, for people who do not smoke, ENDS may be a gateway to nicotine addiction and cigarette use. This paper aims to quantify these behaviours in South Africa.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analysed a nationally representative telephone survey of 21 263 South Africans living in urban areas. For those respondents who had used both products (N=771), we developed a typology that describes the sequence in which cigarette and ENDS initiation occurred. 'On-rampers' describe people who used ENDS first and later initiated cigarette smoking. 'Off-rampers' describe people who used cigarettes first, took up ENDS and later quit cigarettes while still using ENDS. 'Failed off-rampers' describe people who started using ENDS while smoking cigarettes but later quit using ENDS. 'Continuing dual consumers' describe people still using both products at the time of the interview.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the overall sample (N=21 263), 1.7% used or had used ENDS but had no history of using cigarettes. Of dual consumers (N=771), 8.8% were classified as 'on-rampers', 13.9% as 'off-rampers', 20.9% as 'failed off-rampers' and 56.4% as 'continuing dual consumers'. Roughly half of those classified as off-rampers, failed off-rampers or continuing dual consumers stated that they started using ENDS to help them quit cigarettes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The typology reveals a multifaceted relationship between ENDS and cigarette use in South Africa. Policy interventions should aim to minimise on-ramping and maximise off-ramping. Given the high prevalence of continued dual use and failed off-ramping, targeted cessation support should be provided for people who use ENDS and are trying to quit cigarettes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":"618-624"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141094289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Standardised Packaging of Tobacco Products Regulations on cigarette consumption and youth smoking in England: interrupted time-series analysis.","authors":"Vera Helen Buss, Loren Kock, Emma Beard, Lion Shahab, Jamie Brown, Sarah Jackson","doi":"10.1136/tc-2023-058560","DOIUrl":"10.1136/tc-2023-058560","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In the UK in May 2016, standardised packaging of tobacco products was implemented, including minimum pack sizes of 20 sticks or 30 g loose tobacco. The change was intended to reduce uptake by increasing upfront costs to young people, but there was concern it may unintentionally increase consumption among people smoking. This study aimed to assess whether the introduction of the policy was associated with changes in (1) mean daily factory-made (FM)/roll-your-own (RYO) cigarettes consumption among people smoking predominantly (a) FM and (b) RYO cigarettes; and (2) current smoking prevalence among 16-24-year-olds.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data (N=257 929) were from a representative monthly cross-sectional survey of adults (≥16 years) in England, collected between November 2007 and January 2020. Outcome measures were mean daily (FM/RYO) cigarette consumption among those smoking FM/RYO cigarettes, and prevalence of current smoking among 16-24-year-olds. Time-series analyses were conducted using Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average with Exogenous variables (ARIMAX) regression models including a gradual level change starting in June 2017 and ending in May 2018 for cigarette consumption and a step change in June 2016 for prevalence of current smoking.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ARIMAX model was not able to detect a change in mean daily cigarette consumption-for FM (B_adj=-0.543, 95% CI -1.381 to 0.296) or RYO (B_adj=0.002, 95% CI -0.518 to 0.522) following the implementation of standardised packaging. The unadjusted analysis suggested the implementation of standardised packaging was associated with a small (3%) decrease in smoking prevalence among 16-24-year-olds (B_unadj=-0.031, 95% CI -0.062 to 0.000), but this association was attenuated after adjustment for covariates (B_adj=-0.010, 95% CI -0.039 to 0.019).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The implementation of standardised packaging of tobacco products was not associated with a meaningful change in the mean number of FM or RYO cigarettes consumed by people smoking in England, suggesting the larger pack size has not had an unintended consequence of substantially increasing cigarette consumption. However, there was also little evidence that the policy substantially reduced smoking among 16-24-year-olds.</p>","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":"632-638"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141293756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherence to smoke-free laws at retail points-of-sale and associated factors in 10 cities in Ethiopia.","authors":"Wakgari Deressa, Selamawit Hirpa, Terefe Gelibo Agerfa, Selam Abraham Kassa, Noreen Dadirai Mdege","doi":"10.1136/tc-2025-059540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/tc-2025-059540","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objective of this study was to assess adherence to smoke-free laws at points-of-sale (PoS), that is, retail outlets that sell various goods including tobacco products, and to identify predictors of low adherence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in December 2022 across 10 Ethiopian cities covering 1323 PoS such as regular shops, permanent kiosks, khat shops, supermarkets and minimarkets. Sampling was performed using a two-stage cluster design, with random selection of PoS. Data were collected using checklists through covert observations. Logistic regression identified predictors of low adherence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>More than half of PoS (52.5%) showed good adherence, 23.2% moderate, 20.8% poor or none and only 3.4% met full adherence. Supermarkets/minimarkets had the highest rates of good or full adherence (83.9%), while kiosks and khat shops had the lowest (40.7% and 35.4%, respectively) rates of good or full adherence. Low adherence was higher in kiosks (adjusted OR (aOR)=7.02, 95% CI: 3.76 to 13.13) and khat shops (aOR=6.26, 95% CI: 3.48 to 11.26). Low adherence was also observed in Semera-Logia (aOR=21.27, 95% CI: 13.26 to 34.12) and Gambella (aOR=12.07, 95% CI: 7.64 to 19.08). Predictors of indoor smoking included being a khat shop (aOR=3.13, 95% CI: 1.29 to 7.60), being located in Semera-Logia (aOR=8.47, 95% CI: 3.49 to 26.54), presence of outdoor smoking (aOR=3.38, 95% CI: 2.07 to 5.51) and lighters (aOR=5.26, 95% CI: 3.05 to 9.06).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study highlights enforcement gaps at PoS, particularly in khat shops, kiosks, and in Semera-Logia and Gambella cities. Strengthening smoke-free law implementation requires region-specific interventions for high-risk areas and retail outlets.</p>","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145207694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Products involved in tobacco and cannabis co-use among US adults and youth, 2022-2023.","authors":"Ashleigh C Block, Connor D Martin, Danielle Smith","doi":"10.1136/tc-2025-059612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/tc-2025-059612","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145207716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tobacco industry 'rainbow washing' during Pride Month.","authors":"Michelle I Jongenelis, Gemma Cook","doi":"10.1136/tc-2025-059692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/tc-2025-059692","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145182240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial distribution of e-cigarette vending machines: a case study from Germany.","authors":"Sisay Mulugeta Alemu, Ute Mons, Katrin Schaller, Ezgi Baltaci, Connie Hoe","doi":"10.1136/tc-2025-059546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/tc-2025-059546","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Germany has the highest density of cigarette vending machines globally, and the recent proliferation of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) vending machines raises growing public health concerns, particularly regarding youth exposure. However, limited data exist on their spatial distribution and contextual placement. This study presents the first spatial analysis of e-cigarette vending machines in Germany, using the Berlin-based company '<i>Vape4Me</i>' as a case study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Geo-referenced data on e-cigarette vending machine locations were extracted from the <i>Vape4Me</i> website and cross-validated using Google Maps and Microsoft Bing Maps. Spatial analyses-including density mapping, proximity assessments and co-location analysis-were conducted using ArcGIS Pro, R and OpenRouteService. Associations with population size were examined through regression analysis. Selected sites in Cologne and Wiesbaden were visited for on-site validation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 316 (<i>Vape4Me</i>) e-cigarette vending machines were identified in Germany, with the highest concentration in Berlin. Machine density was significantly associated with population size, with a 3.24% increase per 1000 additional residents. In Berlin, vending machines were frequently co-located with hospitality and commercial establishments and rarely placed near outdoor or public utility areas. On-site inspections revealed that machines offered disposable e-cigarettes for around €10, with basic age verification.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The integration of e-cigarette vending machines into everyday environments-combined with continuous advertising and 24/7 access-normalises e-cigarette use and poses challenges to tobacco control efforts. Stronger regulations, including bans on the sale of cigarettes and e-cigarettes via vending machines, are urgently needed to protect youth from early nicotine exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145182206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital footprints of the US e-cigarette market: correlations among retail sales data, social media activity and Google search trends.","authors":"Zidian Xie, Alex C Liber, Maciej Lukasz Goniewicz, Richard O'Connor, Dongmei Li","doi":"10.1136/tc-2025-059378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/tc-2025-059378","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The global market for electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) has been changing rapidly. There is limited research on whether real-time social media activities and Google search trends could reflect the e-cigarette market.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using retrospective US retail sales data (Circana) of four popular e-cigarette brands (JUUL, Puff Bar, Hyde and Elf Bar) every 4 weeks from May 2021 to January 2023, we examined their Spearman correlations with the Google search trends and social media (Twitter, Reddit and Instagram) mentions during the same period. We applied linear mixed-effects models to the pooled brands data to further examine the association between sales and online activities, accounting for both within-brand temporal correlation and between-brand variability in baseline sales.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We observed strong positive correlations between retail sales and Google search trends across all four brands, with Spearman correlation r ranging from 0.59 to 0.99 (p<0.001). Reddit mentions were also highly correlated with sales of each e-cigarette brand, with correlations ranging from 0.54 to 0.88 (p<0.01). Twitter mentions showed moderate to high correlations with sales, ranging from 0.46 to 0.88 (p<0.05). Instagram mentions demonstrated strong correlations with sales, ranging from 0.74 to 0.96 (p<0.001), except for Puff Bar (r=-0.06, p=0.793). The linear mixed-effects models indicated that Google Trends (estimate=0.391, p=0.002) and Twitter mentions (estimate=0.096, p=0.011) were significant predictors of sales.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Google search trends and social media activities can serve as digital footprints of the e-cigarette market, providing reliable data sources for near-real-time monitoring of the prominence of e-cigarette brands in the marketplace.</p>","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145092487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}