Tobacco Control最新文献

{"title":"Centering equity and justice in tobacco control.","authors":"Marita Hefler","doi":"10.1136/tc-2024-058767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/tc-2024-058767","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":"33 e2","pages":"e141-e142"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142628694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethical publishing in 'Indigenous' contexts.","authors":"Raglan Maddox, Ali Drummond, Michelle Kennedy, Sydney A Martinez, Andrew Waa, Patricia Nez Henderson, Hershel Clark, Penney Upton, Juliet P Lee, Billie-Jo Hardy, El-Shadan Tautolo, Shane Bradbrook, Tom Calma, Lisa J Whop","doi":"10.1136/tc-2022-057702","DOIUrl":"10.1136/tc-2022-057702","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ethical publishing practices are vital to tobacco control research practice, particularly research involving Indigenous (<i>Indigenous peoples</i>: For the purposes of this Special Communication, we use the term Indigenous people(s) to include self-identified individuals and communities who frequently have historical continuity with precolonial/presettler societies; are strongly linked to the land on which they or their societies reside; and often maintain their own distinct language(s), belief and social-political systems, economies and sciences. The authors humbly acknowledge, respect and value that Indigenous peoples are diverse and constitute many nations, cultures and language groups. Many Indigenous peoples also exist as governments in treaty relations with settler-colonial societies, and all Indigenous peoples have inherent rights under international law. The language and terminology used should reflect the local context(s) and could include, but are not limited to, terms such as Aboriginal, Bagumani, Cherokee, First Peoples, First Nations, Inuit, Iwaidja, Kungarakan, Lakota, Māori, Mѐtis, American Indian, Navajo, Wagadagam, Wiradjuri, Yurok, etc) people. These practices can minimise, correct and address biases that tend to privilege Euro-Western perspectives. Ethical publishing practices can minimise and address harms, such as appropriation and misuse of knowledges; strengthen mechanisms of accountability to Indigenous peoples and communities; ensure that tobacco control research is beneficial and meaningful to Indigenous peoples and communities; and support Indigenous agency, sovereignty and self-determination. To ensure ethical practice in tobacco control, the research methodology and methods must incorporate tangible mechanisms to include and engage those Indigenous peoples that the research concerns, affects and impacts. <i>Tobacco Control</i> is currently missing an ethical research and evaluation publishing protocol to help uphold ethical practice. The supporters of this Special Communication call on <i>Tobacco Control</i> to adopt publication practice that explicitly upholds ethical research and evaluation practices, particularly in Indigenous contexts. We encourage researchers, editors, peer reviewers, funding bodies and those publishing in <i>Tobacco Control</i> to reflect on their conduct and decision-making when working, developing and undertaking research and evaluation of relevance to Indigenous peoples. <i>Tobacco Control</i> and other publishers, funding bodies, institutions and research teams have a fundamental role in ensuring that the right peoples are doing the right work in the right way. We call for <i>Tobacco Control</i> to recognise, value and support ethical principles, processes and practices that underpin high-quality, culturally safe and priority-driven research, evaluation and science that will move us to a future that is commercial tobacco and nicotine free.</p>","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":"e240-e245"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10766279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Financial hardship during the COVID-19 pandemic and increased receipt of commercial tobacco discount coupons among US adults who use commercial tobacco.","authors":"Kasra Zarei, Kristen R Hamilton-Moseley, Julia Chen-Sankey, Lilianna Phan, Aniruddh Ajith, Kiana Hacker, Bambi Jewett, Kelvin Choi","doi":"10.1136/tc-2022-057814","DOIUrl":"10.1136/tc-2022-057814","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Many individuals experienced financial hardship during the COVID-19 pandemic; yet commercial tobacco (CT) sales increased in the USA. We examined how experiencing financial hardships relates to increased CT discount coupon reception during the pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A nationally representative sample of 1700 US adults who used CT during the 12 months prior to the survey were surveyed online during January to February 2021. Participants reported if they had received more discount coupons for various CT products during (compared with before) the pandemic. They also reported whether they experienced six different types of financial hardships since the pandemic, and the total number of hardships experienced was counted. Weighted multivariable logistic regressions were used to examine the associations between financial hardships and increased coupon reception, adjusting for demographics and CT product use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the first 10-11 months of the pandemic, 21.3% of US adults who used CT during the 12 months prior to the survey reported receiving more CT discount coupons. Experiencing financial hardship during the pandemic was associated with higher odds of receiving more coupons for all types of CT products: every additional count of financial hardship was associated with higher odds of increased reception of discount coupons for all CT products (adjusted odds ratios ranging from 1.13 to 1.23 across products).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Over one-fifth of US adults who used CT received more discount coupons during the pandemic. Those facing financial hardships had higher discount coupon reception, suggesting potential targeted marketing to financially vulnerable individuals by the tobacco industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":"e151-e157"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10730766/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10025321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Messages about climate, pollution and social justice harms of tobacco as motivators to quit: an untapped communication opportunity?","authors":"Tamara Tabbakh, Eve Mitsopoulos, Tegan Nuss, Sarah J Durkin","doi":"10.1136/tc-2023-058161","DOIUrl":"10.1136/tc-2023-058161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Campaigns highlighting the health harms of smoking have demonstrated success in motivating people who smoke to quit. Tobacco production and use also exert a toll on the environment, sustainable development and human rights. However, messages highlighting these harms of tobacco have been relatively unexplored as a cessation motivation strategy. In this study, we examined the extent to which a range of messages about climate, pollution and social justice harms of tobacco are perceived as motivating among people who smoke, overall and by sociodemographics.</p><p><strong>Data and methods: </strong>Australian adults who smoke (n=395) aged 18-59 years reported the 'extent to which each of the following motivated them to quit smoking' and were then presented with messages about <i>climate</i> (four items), <i>pollution</i> (three items) and <i>social justice</i> (three items) harms of tobacco, which they rated on a 5-point scale ranging from 1 'Not at all' to 5 'Very much so' in this online cross-sectional survey. Differences by age, education, gender, socioeconomic status (SES) and geographical region were examined using prevalence ratios from generalised linear models with log-link (Poisson regression).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For each of the 10 messages, between one-half and two-thirds of the overall sample perceived them as motivating (49-65%), particularly messages highlighting harms to human or animal life and welfare (all ≥60%). Across all message themes, younger adults (18-35 years) and those who completed tertiary education were more likely to perceive some messages as motivating. Perceived motivation did not vary significantly by gender, SES or geographical region.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Findings suggest that value-based messaging featuring the environmental and social justice footprint of tobacco is perceived as motivating for smoking cessation, especially among younger people and those with higher education who may be more engaged with these issues. Inclusion of such messages as part of a comprehensive antitobacco communication strategy may provide an untapped opportunity by potentially providing people who smoke with additional compelling reasons to quit.</p>","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":"e225-e230"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139418123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Valuing indigenous wisdom: invited comment.","authors":"Papaarangi Reid","doi":"10.1136/tc-2022-057919","DOIUrl":"10.1136/tc-2022-057919","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":"e260-e261"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10766278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Area-level sociodemographic differences in tobacco availability examined with nationwide tobacco product retail licence data in Finland.","authors":"Salla-Maaria Pätsi, Arho Toikka, Hanna Ollila, Otto Ruokolainen","doi":"10.1136/tc-2022-057798","DOIUrl":"10.1136/tc-2022-057798","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Differences in tobacco retailer density between areas by sociodemographic composition have been observed. However, little research comes from European jurisdictions and from countries with a tobacco retail licensing system. In Finland, the system consists of criteria for retailers and supervision fees.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The tobacco product retail licence data and sociodemographic data were retrieved from corresponding Finnish authorities. Area-level tobacco availability was measured as the presence of a retailer and as the number of retailers per 1000 inhabitants by postcode area. Sociodemographic indicators included median income, percentage of inhabitants in the lowest income tertile, percentage of adults with higher education and unemployment rate. Analyses were based on logistic regression and Ordinary Least Squares regression with log-transformed density.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Lower area-level sociodemographic composition was mainly associated with higher tobacco availability. Income was the strongest correlate of the tobacco retailer availability: areas with higher median income had lower odds of having a tobacco retailer (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.48 to 0.61 per €1000) and lower retailer density (-4.4% per €1000, Cohen's <i>f</i>=0.51). Areas with a greater proportion of people in the lowest income category had higher densities of tobacco retailers (+2.8% per percentage point, Cohen's <i>f</i>=0.07). Other sociodemographic indicators showed inconsistent associations with retailer presence and density.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Tobacco availability can be higher in areas with lower sociodemographic composition also in a country with a comprehensive tobacco retail licensing system and small income inequalities. Retailing policies should be further developed to reduce tobacco availability and narrow inequalities in tobacco use.</p>","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":"e158-e164"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9399089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Foregrounding women and household dynamics to inform Article 17: a qualitative description analysis of tobacco farming households in Mozambique.","authors":"Madelyn Clark, Benedito Cunguara, Stella Bialous, Kathleen Rice, Jeffrey Drope, Ronald Labonte, Raphael Lencucha","doi":"10.1136/tc-2022-057881","DOIUrl":"10.1136/tc-2022-057881","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This paper examines the intrahousehold dynamics between women and men present in tobacco farming households in Mozambique. Attention to the experiences and realities of the smallholder farmers is crucial for understanding approaches to alternative livelihoods. Intrahousehold dynamics can provide important insights into how these households and their members view tobacco production and engage with the political economy of tobacco farming, how they make decisions, and the rationale and values behind these decisions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were collected through single-gender focus group discussions (n=8) with 108 participants (men=57, women=51). Analysis was informed by a qualitative description methodology. This research presents a gender-based analysis examining the perspectives, roles, decision-making processes and desires of female and male tobacco farmers in four key tobacco-growing districts in Mozambique.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Throughout this paper, women are found to hold leverage and influence in tobacco farming households, and this leverage is in part gained via the necessity of women's unpaid labour in achieving profitability in tobacco farming. Both women and men are also found to strongly desire and pursue the well-being of the household.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Women hold agency within tobacco-growing households and participate in decision-making processes regarding tobacco agriculture. Women should be included in future tobacco control policies and programmes pertaining to Article 17.</p>","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":"e185-e191"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9866564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tobacco industry accountability for marine pollution: country and global estimates.","authors":"Deborah K Sy","doi":"10.1136/tc-2022-057795","DOIUrl":"10.1136/tc-2022-057795","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Commercial cigarette filters are single-use plastics and the main component of cigarette butts, the most common trash item collected worldwide. Governments bear the economic burden of managing the waste and the environmental pollution due to discarded filters and packages. Using available data sources, we estimate the economic burden of plastic tobacco waste on country economic groups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We reviewed available public data sources that could inform estimates of the economic environmental burden of butt waste for countries. We estimated total weight of plastic cigarette filters and packaging based on cigarette consumption and applied World Bank waste management cost estimates per ton to this total. We then applied estimates of ecosystem losses per ton of plastic waste provided by the World Wildlife Fund to establish losses attributable to tobacco's plastics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We estimate that US$25.7 billion is lost annually (waste management and marine ecosystem service losses) due to cigarette plastic sources. We estimate US$186 billion in such losses over a 10-year period, adjusted for inflation. Countries are making progress in developing plastics policies, particularly banning single-use ones, but the costs of tobacco's plastic pollution are overlooked.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Efforts to reduce plastic pollution should address cigarette filters as toxic, widespread and preventable sources of marine pollution. Countries may develop specific estimates of waste management and ecosystem costs in order to assign tobacco industry accountability for this pollution. These results indicate minimum estimates for a majority of countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":"e214-e217"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138483022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tobacco endgame intervention impacts on health gains and Māori:non-Māori health inequity: a simulation study of the Aotearoa/New Zealand Tobacco Action Plan.","authors":"Driss Ait Ouakrim, Tim Wilson, Andrew Waa, Raglan Maddox, Hassan Andrabi, Shiva Raj Mishra, Jennifer A Summers, Coral E Gartner, Raymond Lovett, Richard Edwards, Nick Wilson, Tony Blakely","doi":"10.1136/tc-2022-057655","DOIUrl":"10.1136/tc-2022-057655","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Aotearoa/New Zealand Government is aiming to end the tobacco epidemic and markedly reduce Māori:non-Māori health inequalities by legislating: (1) denicotinisation of retail tobacco, (2) 95% reduction in retail outlets and (c) a tobacco free-generation whereby people born after 2005 are unable to legally purchase tobacco. This paper estimates future smoking prevalence, mortality inequality and health-adjusted life year (HALY) impacts of these strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used a Markov model to estimate future yearly smoking and vaping prevalence, linked to a proportional multistate life table model to estimate future mortality and HALYs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The combined package of strategies (plus media promotion) reduced adult smoking prevalence from 31.8% in 2022 to 7.3% in 2025 for Māori, and 11.8% to 2.7% for non-Māori. The 5% smoking prevalence target was forecast to be achieved in 2026 and 2027 for Māori males and females, respectively.The HALY gains for the combined package over the population's remaining lifespan were estimated to be 594 000 (95% uncertainty interval (UI): 443 000 to 738 000; 3% discount rate). Denicotinisation alone achieved 97% of these HALYs, the retail strategy 19% and tobacco-free generation 12%.By 2040, the combined package was forcat to reduce the gap in Māori:non-Māori all-cause mortality rates for people 45+ years old by 22.9% (95% UI: 19.9% to 26.2%) for females and 9.6% (8.4% to 11.0%) for males.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A tobacco endgame strategy, especially denicotinisation, could deliver large health benefits and dramatically reduce health inequities between Māori and non-Māori in Aotearoa/New Zealand.</p>","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":"e173-e184"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10865343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vaping and socioeconomic inequalities in smoking cessation and relapse: a longitudinal analysis of the UK Household Longitudinal Study.","authors":"Iain Hardie, Michael James Green","doi":"10.1136/tc-2022-057728","DOIUrl":"10.1136/tc-2022-057728","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Smoking is a key cause of socioeconomic health inequalities. Vaping is considered less harmful than smoking and has become a popular smoking cessation aid, and therefore has potential to reduce inequalities in smoking.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used longitudinal data from 25 102 participants in waves 8-10 (2016 to early 2020) of the UK Household Longitudinal Study to examine how vaping affects socioeconomic inequalities in smoking cessation and relapse. Marginal structural models were used to investigate whether vaping mediates or moderates associations between educational attainment and smoking cessation and relapse over time. Multiple imputation and weights were used to adjust for missing data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Respondents without degrees were less likely to stop smoking than those with a degree (OR: 0.65; 95% CI 0.54-0.77), and more likely to relapse (OR: 1.74; 95% CI 1.37-2.22), but this inequality in smoking cessation was not present among regular vapers (OR: 0.99; 95% CI 0.54-1.82). Sensitivity analyses suggested that this finding did not hold when comparing those with or without any qualifications. Inequalities in smoking relapse did not clearly differ by vaping status.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Vaping may be especially helpful as a cessation aid for smokers without degree level education and therefore may help reduce inequalities in smoking. Nevertheless, other supports or aids may be needed to reach the most disadvantaged (ie, those with no qualifications) and to help people avoid relapse after cessation, though we did not find clear evidence suggesting that vaping would increase inequalities in relapse.</p>","PeriodicalId":23145,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Control","volume":" ","pages":"e165-e172"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9378965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}