Tissue Engineering. Part B, Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Pathological Microenvironment-Guided Smart Hydrogels for Periodontitis Therapy.","authors":"Wei He, Tianming Lu, Xiaohong Chen, Ping Liu","doi":"10.1177/19373368261486381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19373368261486381","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease initiated by dental plaque biofilms and mediated by dysregulated host immune responses, frequently resulting in irreversible alveolar bone resorption. Although mechanical debridement, local drug delivery, and antimicrobial therapies are widely applied in clinical practice, their therapeutic efficacy remains limited by insufficient drug retention, nonspecific drug release, antibiotic resistance, and inadequate periodontal tissue regeneration. Recently, smart hydrogels have emerged as promising platforms for periodontal therapy owing to their ECM-mimicking three-dimensional networks, excellent biocompatibility, and ability to respond to specific stimulus signals. Therefore, this review focuses on design strategies for smart hydrogels driven by the periodontal pathological microenvironment, guiding the development of hydrogels responsive to both endogenous and exogenous stimuli. Subsequently, it elaborates on the role of these smart hydrogels in antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and tissue regeneration therapies. Additionally, it explores the challenges faced by smart hydrogels during clinical translation. By integrating disease mechanisms, material design principles, and therapeutic function regulation, this review aims to provide guidance for the development of smart hydrogel systems for periodontal therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":23134,"journal":{"name":"Tissue Engineering. Part B, Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"19373368261486381"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148991285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Growth Factor Therapy for Wounds: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Preclinical Studies.","authors":"Hailv Ye, Yuan Li, Yiting Zhu, Aloysius Wong, Yixiang Pan, Xiaokun Li, Jiang Wu, Huacheng He","doi":"10.1177/19373368261486376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19373368261486376","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Wound healing remains a complex clinical challenge, often associated with various complications. Despite the availability of multiple treatment options, a universally effective strategy for managing severe or chronic wounds has not yet been established. Growth factor (GF) therapy has emerged as a promising approach for promoting tissue repair in difficult-to-heal wounds, as evidenced by numerous preclinical investigations. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted based on preclinical animal studies to evaluate the efficacy and potential biological mechanisms of GFs in wound healing. A total of 80 studies published in English between January 1990 and April 2025 were identified through a structured search of EMBASE, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. Data analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3. With the exception of two studies that did not report wound healing rate (WHR) data, the remaining 78 studies consistently demonstrated that GF treatment significantly enhanced WHR compared with controls (<i>n</i> = 2031, standardized mean difference = 2.62, 95% confidence interval: 2.22-3.01). Subgroup analyses explored the influence of wound type, GF type, wound size, dosage, mode of administration, type of placebo, and animal model on treatment outcomes, revealing that GF therapy was particularly effective in infectious wounds and pressure ulcers. Although angiogenesis, collagen deposition, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression are secondary outcome measures indirectly reflecting the wound healing process, the present meta-analysis demonstrates that growth factor therapy significantly enhances these reparative biological processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23134,"journal":{"name":"Tissue Engineering. Part B, Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"19373368261486376"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148956533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitochondrial Homeostasis in Trabecular Meshwork Cells: A Potential Mechanism in Glaucoma.","authors":"Yuqi Cao, Hongting Xiao, Chenhao Gu, Jiadi Wang, Yue Liu, Jing Yao","doi":"10.1177/19373368261485522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19373368261485522","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide, with its core pathological basis being impaired aqueous humor outflow and elevated intraocular pressure due to trabecular meshwork (TM) dysfunction. The structural and functional stability of the TM largely depends on the regulation of TM cells. Mitochondria, as the cellular energy and metabolic hub, play a crucial role in maintaining energy supply, extracellular matrix homeostasis, and cell survival in TM cells. Recent studies have demonstrated that mitochondrial homeostasis imbalance is a key factor in TM cell damage and functional decline, yet no comprehensive review has been published in this field. Therefore, this review comprehensively summarizes the mechanisms of mitochondrial involvement in TM cell dysfunction for the first time. It covers mitochondrial metabolic imbalance, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dynamics disorder, autophagy abnormalities, and mitochondrial genetic and epigenetic regulation. This review aims to reveal the central role of mitochondria in the pathological changes of TM cells and provide new insights and theoretical foundations for future research and intervention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23134,"journal":{"name":"Tissue Engineering. Part B, Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"19373368261485522"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148921008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D Bioprinting Approaches for Dental Pulp Regeneration: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Arun Mayya, Akshatha Chatra, Vinita Dsouza, Elstin Anbu Raj S, Raviraja N Seetharam, Shashi Rashmi Acharya, Kirthanashri S Vasanthan","doi":"10.1177/19373368261485519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19373368261485519","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting has emerged as a promising strategy for engineering biomimetic constructs capable of supporting regeneration of the dental pulp-dentin complex. However, the rapidly expanding literature is methodologically heterogeneous and difficult to synthesize. This scoping review aimed to map the current evidence on cell-laden 3D bioprinting approaches relevant to dental pulp regeneration, focusing on bioink composition, cellular components, printing modalities, experimental models, and reported regenerative outcomes. The review followed the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and was reported according to the PRISMA extension for scoping reviews. Electronic searches were conducted in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus from database inception to December 2025. Following screening of 143 records and assessment of 23 full-text articles, 13 studies met the inclusion criteria. All included studies were preclinical investigations published between 2018 and 2026. Extrusion-based bioprinting was the most frequently used modality, followed by digital light processing systems. Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) was the predominant bioink base and was commonly combined with collagen, hyaluronic acid, fibrin, or dentin-derived extracellular matrix components. Human dental pulp stem cells were the most frequently used cell source, often cocultured with endothelial cells to promote vascularization. Most studies evaluated cell viability, printability, and odontogenic differentiation, whereas angiogenic outcomes were less consistently assessed, and neurogenic outcomes were rarely investigated. Overall, cell-laden 3D bioprinted constructs demonstrate promising feasibility for supporting early regenerative processes relevant to dental pulp regeneration. However, substantial heterogeneity in bioink formulations, experimental models, and outcome reporting currently limits cross-study comparison and translational interpretation. Greater standardization of experimental reporting and the use of anatomically relevant models will be essential to advance the clinical translation of bioprinted constructs for regenerative endodontics.Impact Statement3D bioprinting enables spatially controlled deposition of cells and biomaterials, providing a promising strategy for engineering biomimetic constructs capable of regenerating the dental pulp-dentin complex. This scoping review synthesizes current preclinical evidence on cell-laden bioprinting approaches for dental pulp regeneration, including bioink formulations, cellular components, printing modalities, and experimental models. By mapping the existing evidence and identifying key gaps in vascularization strategies, neurogenic outcomes, and model relevance, this review highlights critical priorities for future research and provides a framework to guide the development and translational advancement of bioprinted constructs for regenerative endodontic therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23134,"journal":{"name":"Tissue Engineering. Part B, Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"19373368261485519"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148913610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chitosan-Based Hydrogels for Spinal Cord Regeneration: A Systematic Review of Preclinical Evidence, Regenerative Mechanisms, and Translational Challenges.","authors":"Niloufar Yousefi, Simzar Hosseinzadeh, Amirali Aghamohammadi, Mahboubeh Bohlouli","doi":"10.1177/19373368261485516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19373368261485516","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tissue engineering products, especially hydrogels, have been evaluated in many studies for spinal cord regeneration due to their injectability and similar deformability to the target tissue. In particular, chitosan has been used in many studies along with other polymers due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, antibacterial properties, and the creation of an ECM similar to human tissue for carrying various cells and biomolecules. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the performance of these chitosan-based hydrogels for spinal cord regeneration in animal models. Electronic databases (Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar) were searched (March 2015 to April 2026) with main terms, including \"Hydrogel,\" \"chitosan,\" and \"spinal cord\" for every study that used biomolecules for the regeneration of spinal cord injury in animal models. The animal studies were selected according to the eligibility criteria and evaluated for risk of bias and quality assessment. After screening, 125 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility, and 54 studies were included in the qualitative synthesis. Chitosan-based hydrogels, alone or with polymers, biomolecules, and cells, were evaluated mainly in rat spinal cord injury models, with contusion most frequent. The Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan scale primarily assessed functional recovery, although most studies showed high or unclear risk of bias due to limited reporting. Chitosan-based hydrogels show promise for spinal cord regeneration, but variability in models and insufficient methodological reporting highlight the need for standardized protocols to enhance translation potential.Impact StatementSpinal cord injury is still a major clinical problem with few available treatments. In this systematic review, we summarize the evidence from 54 animal trials on the use of chitosan-based hydrogels for healing of spinal cord damage. The results show their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and ability to transfer biomolecules and cells, leading to functional recovery in preclinical animal models. However, methodological inconsistency and lack of reporting in research undermine the dependability of the translation. This study highlights the requirement for standardized experimental procedures and gives valuable knowledge to guide the future development and practical implementation of chitosan-based hydrogel treatments for spinal cord regeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":23134,"journal":{"name":"Tissue Engineering. Part B, Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"19373368261485516"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148913230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chitosan Hydrogels in Regenerative Dentistry: Recent Progress and Future Perspectives.","authors":"Anjali Gupta, Nidhi Puri","doi":"10.1177/19373368261485517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19373368261485517","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The development of chitosan-based hydrogels as potential biomaterials for dental tissue engineering is driven by their biodegradability, biocompatibility, and antimicrobial activity. Chitosan-based hydrogels provide a flexible matrix that mimics the hydrated extracellular matrix, making them potential mediators for varied dental regeneration processes. This review highlights the physio-biological characteristics of these chitosan hydrogels with special focus on oral and maxillofacial applications. Different fabrication strategies, such as injectable systems, cross-linking approaches, and hydrogel-based formulations, can be tailored to the requirements of specific dental materials. Some important dental application fields, such as pulp-like complex tissue regeneration, periodontal and alveolar bone regeneration, ligament regeneration, and enamel repair and remineralization, are also discussed in the review. Despite significant progress, challenges such as optimization, mechanical stability, and the research gap between preclinical and human trials persist. Future perspectives converge on smart composite systems that enhance regenerative outcomes in personalized dental therapies.Impact StatementThe review highlights the physio-biological characteristics of chitosan hydrogels with special focus on oral and maxillofacial applications. A special emphasis is given to structure-property-function relationships, and hence different fabrication strategies and engineering methodologies are discussed in accordance with the requirements of specific dental materials utilized in important dental application fields, such as pulp-like complex tissue regeneration, periodontal and alveolar bone regeneration, ligament regeneration, and enamel repair and remineralization. These insights aim to guide safer design of hydrogels and support risk-assessment tactics for improved oral health.</p>","PeriodicalId":23134,"journal":{"name":"Tissue Engineering. Part B, Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"19373368261485517"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148912848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative Bioengineering Strategies to Enhance Dental Stem Cell Therapeutic Effects in Oncology Treatments.","authors":"Ensiyeh Kordparijaei, Elaheh Ferdosi-Shahandashti, Zahra Harasani","doi":"10.1177/19373368261469473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19373368261469473","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) reside in various organs and play vital roles in maintaining tissue homeostasis and facilitating regeneration. These cells can be harvested from discarded tissues, expanded <i>in vitro</i>, and utilized as therapeutic agents for immune-related and inflammatory disorders. Their regenerative capabilities are largely mediated through interactions with immune cells. Dental stem cells (DSCs), isolated from multiple dental tissues, exhibit remarkable immunomodulatory properties and have demonstrated therapeutic efficacy in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. However, the immunosuppressive function of MSCs/DSCs presents a unique challenge in oncology, where it can paradoxically support tumor progression. This review critically analyzes the immunoregulatory pathways involved in inflammatory and immune-related disorders, and directly links these mechanisms to the challenges within the tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, we discuss innovative bioengineering strategies to reprogram MSCs/DSCs or target their pathways for enhanced anticancer efficacy. We highlight the critical clinical limitations and the need for personalized approaches based on distinct DSC subpopulations. A deeper comprehension of this context-dependent functionality is essential for developing safe and effective MSC/DSC-based therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23134,"journal":{"name":"Tissue Engineering. Part B, Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"19373368261469473"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148798227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electric Field-Induced Effects in Eukaryotic Cells: Current Progress and Limitations.","authors":"Daniil A Bystrov, Daria D Volegova, Sofia A Korsakova, Alla B Salmina, Stanislav O Yurchenko","doi":"10.1089/ten.teb.2025.0022","DOIUrl":"10.1089/ten.teb.2025.0022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Electric fields (EFs) offer a powerful tool for manipulating cells and modulating their behavior, holding significant promise for regenerative medicine and cell biology. We provide a comprehensive overview of the effects of different types of EF on eukaryotic cells with the special focus on physical mechanisms and signaling pathways involved. Direct current EF induces electrophoresis and electroosmosis, influencing cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation. Alternating current EF, through dielectric polarization and dielectrophoresis, enables cell manipulation, trapping, and sorting. Pulsed EF, particularly high-intensity, short-duration pulses, induces reversible and irreversible electroporation, facilitating drug and gene delivery. The review covers some technological aspects of EF generation, emphasizing the importance of experimental setups, and integration with microfluidic platforms for high-throughput analysis and precise manipulations. Furthermore, the synergistic potential of combining EFs with optical tweezers is highlighted, enabling fine-tuned control of cell positioning, intercellular interactions, and measurement of biophysical properties. Finally, the review addresses limitations of EF application, such as field heterogeneity and potential side effects, and outlines the directions for future studies, including developing the minimally invasive delivery methods.Impact StatementThe application of electric fields (EFs) for cell manipulation and modulation of cellular functions and behavior is a promising task in regenerative medicine and cell biology. This article provides systemized and structured information about EF parameters, induced effects in cells <i>in vitro</i>, and involved signaling pathways and introduces novice biomedical engineers to research in this field.</p>","PeriodicalId":23134,"journal":{"name":"Tissue Engineering. Part B, Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"273-295"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144040558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Platelet-Rich Plasma-Based Scaffolds in Soft and Hard Tissue Regeneration.","authors":"Niloofar Khandan-Nasab, Behdad Torkamanzadeh, Behnam Abbasi, Taraneh Mohajeri, Reza Kazemi Oskuee, Amirhossein Sahebkar","doi":"10.1089/ten.teb.2024.0285","DOIUrl":"10.1089/ten.teb.2024.0285","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a blood product with higher platelet concentrations than whole blood, offering controlled delivery of growth factors (GFs) for regenerative medicine. PRP plays pivotal roles in tissue restoration mechanisms, including angiogenesis, fibroblast proliferation, and extracellular matrix development, making it applicable across various regenerative medicine treatments. Despite promising results in different tissue injuries, challenges such as short half-life and rapid deactivation by proteases persist. To address these challenges, biomaterial-based delivery scaffolds, such as sponges or hydrogels, have been investigated. Current studies exhibit that PRP-loaded scaffolds fix these issues due to the sustained release of GFs. In this regard, given the widespread application of PRP in clinical studies, the use of PRP-loaded scaffolds has drawn significant consideration in tissue engineering (TE). Therefore, this review briefly introduces PRP as a rich origin of GFs, its classification, and preparation methods and discusses PRP applications in regenerative medicine. This study also emphasizes and reviews the latest research on the using scaffolds for PRP delivery in diverse fields of TE, including skin, bone, and cartilage repair.Impact StatementPlatelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a blood product with high platelet concentrations, offering managed delivery of growth factors (GFs) for regenerative medicine. This review briefly introduces PRP as a rich source of GFs and discusses PRP-loaded scaffold applications in soft and hard tissue including skin, bone, and cartilage restoration. In the current study, the applications of PRP-loaded scaffold in soft and hard tissue regeneration (skin, bone, and cartilage) were discussed in detail.</p>","PeriodicalId":23134,"journal":{"name":"Tissue Engineering. Part B, Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"245-272"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144052818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revolutionizing the Female Reproductive System Research with Additive Manufacturing.","authors":"Zhixin Du, Pengbei Fan, Liping Yang, Junlin Hou, Xiaodan Du, Yaohui Wang, Yujie Wang, Yulong Wang, Lingling Li","doi":"10.1177/19373341251359111","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19373341251359111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The female reproductive system is highly complex, making it essential for applied research and translational medicine to accurately model its intricate physiological functions or develop strategies for restoring them. However, significant structural and functional differences between human and animal models, along with the limitations of static 2D cell culture technologies, underscore the need for more dynamic and sophisticated <i>in vitro</i> platforms, as well as <i>in vivo</i> therapies. These advancements are critical for deepening our understanding of reproductive biology and supporting clinical applications. Recent advancements in additive manufacturing technology have opened new frontiers in the study of the female reproductive system. By introducing diverse preclinical models and expanding the range of potential applications, this field has reached new heights, with the rapidly evolving research paradigm reshaping the scientific landscape. This review aims to summarize the growing body of evidence surrounding bioengineering strategies, platforms, and therapies in female reproductive medicine, with the goal of advancing our understanding of female reproductive biology and providing new avenues for fertility restoration. Specifically, we will examine the historical development, technological innovations, and scientific research related to the creation of 3D-engineered tissues for reconstructing the female reproductive system.Impact StatementThis review aims to summarize the growing body of evidence surrounding bioengineering strategies, platforms, and therapies in female reproductive medicine, with the goal of advancing our understanding of female reproductive biology and providing new avenues for fertility restoration. Specifically, the historical development, technological innovations, and scientific research related to the 3D-engineered tissues for reconstructing the female reproductive system were summarized. This review would help the audience, especially bioengineers who study the female reproductive system disease, as well as obstetricians and gynecologists, understand the possible application of additive manufacturing and acquire the strategies to engineer the female reproductive system <i>in vitro</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":23134,"journal":{"name":"Tissue Engineering. Part B, Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"313-326"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144660310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}