Toxicology Reports最新文献

{"title":"α-ketoglutarate ameliorates colitis through modulation of inflammation, ER stress, and apoptosis","authors":"Ankita Mandal ,&nbsp;Sharmistha Banerjee ,&nbsp;Sumit Ghosh ,&nbsp;Sima Biswas ,&nbsp;Angshuman Bagchi ,&nbsp;Parames C. Sil","doi":"10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.101897","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.101897","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Colitis is an inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract. A widely consumed dietary nutrient, α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) is known to play a crucial role in cellular metabolism and provide protection to intestinal epithelium under various pathophysiological conditions. In this study, 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) was used to induce colitis in Wistar rats. After 36 hours of TNBS administration, the rats were orally treated with a solution of α-KG at 1 g/kg body weight for 5 days. Development of colitis was confirmed by observable physical symptoms of repeated loose blood-mixed stool, apathy for food and weight loss. Macroscopic inspection revealed an inflamed colonic surface with ulcerations. Histopathological observations included alterations in crypts-structure and disruption in both epithelial and mucosal layers of colon in colitis induced rats. Colitis resulted in elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, ER stress-mediated cell death and intrinsic apoptosis pathway. The ameliorative effects of α-KG against TNBS-mediated toxicity were confirmed through molecular technics and docking analysis. Additionally, there were no instances of toxicity of α-KG. Therefore, α-KG can be considered as a valuable therapeutic agent for further comprehensive research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23129,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology Reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 101897"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11780160/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143068231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transplacental and genotoxicity effects of thallium(I) during organogenesis in mice","authors":"Lucila Álvarez-Barrera ,&nbsp;Rodrigo Aníbal Mateos-Nava ,&nbsp;Keyla Nahomi Hernández-Córdova ,&nbsp;Eduardo Lezama-Sánchez ,&nbsp;Víctor Alan Alcántara-Mejía ,&nbsp;Juan José Rodríguez-Mercado","doi":"10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.101896","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.101896","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increased concentration of thallium (Tl) in the environment is a cause for concern because the entire population, including pregnant women, is exposed, and this metal crosses the placenta and reaches the conceptus during development. In biological models such as mice, some abnormalities and delays in ossification occur in the fetuses of mice administered Tl on day 7 of gestation, but exposure to environmental Tl is constant during fetal development; therefore, in this study, the effects of several administrations of TI during organogenesis on the external morphology, skeletal development and genotoxicity of fetuses were evaluated. Four groups of 10 pregnant mice were administered 5.28, 6.16, 7.4 or 9.25 mg/kg body weight Tl(I) acetate intraperitoneally during fetal organogenesis. Additionally, samples were taken from fetuses from pregnant mice treated with 5.28 and 6.16 mg/kg body weight to evaluate the transplacental genotoxicity. The results revealed that the 9.25 mg/kg body weight dose produced maternal and fetal toxicity, and all of the treatment groups presented relatively high percentages of fetuses with external abnormalities, reduced bone ossification, and an increased percentage of liver cells with structural chromosomal aberrations (SCAs) and micronuclei (MNs) in blood cells. These results show that Tl(I) acetate administered during organogenesis produces abnormalities, including a delay in ossification and transplacental genotoxicity, in mouse fetuses. These findings are important because Tl has negative effects on development and may affect the health of offspring in the future because it can damage genetic material.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23129,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology Reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 101896"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11783430/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143081025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility assessment of a pharmaco-kinetic behavior based yield model of salivary cotinine among tobacco users","authors":"E.C. Hensel ,&nbsp;R.J. Robinson","doi":"10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.101898","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.101898","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A secondary analysis was conducted using puff topography and salivary cotinine biomarker data from a prior two arm, two period cross-over study conducted in the natural environment over 17 days which enrolled 55 Juul electronic cigarette users. The study expands upon a previously validated behavior-based yield (BBY) which quantified aerosol emissions from a Juul ecig as a function of user behavior. A Pharmacokinetic Behavior-Based Yield (PkBBY) model is introduced which models the uptake of nicotine into the body and its subsequent metabolic decay into cotinine. A subset of the available participant data was used to train the PkBBY model and identify three parameters: a gain reflecting the conversion of nicotine into salivary cotinine concentration, and the half-lives of nicotine and salivary cotinine in the body. A separate subset of the available data was used for assessing performance of the PkBBY model against salivary cotinine biomarkers of exposure.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Model training demonstrated the PkBBY model was able to predict the bedtime salivary cotinine of participants within + /- 220 ng/mL 95 % confidence interval on the regression, based on their observed puff topography. The training algorithm estimated the conversion from nicotine ingested into the concentration of salivary cotinine as 28.8 [(ng/mL cotinine)/(mg nicotine ingested)], and the half-lives of nicotine and cotinine to be 4.4 and 49 [hours], respectively. The one-to-one intraclass correlation coefficient of the model applied to the assessment data set was 0.6, indicating moderate agreement between the predictions and the observed biomarkers, Limitations of the model associated with the data available for secondary analysis are discussed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The PkBBY model was internally validated and shows promise as a tool for establishing a causal relationship between puffing behavior and an established biomarker of nicotine exposure. Further work is needed to develop personalized PkBBY model parameters to account for variations in participant metabolism factors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23129,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology Reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 101898"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11787490/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143080919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxic natural pollution at Ijen crater volcano: Environmental characteristics and health risk assessment","authors":"Septian Hadi Susetyo ,&nbsp;Azham Umar Abidin ,&nbsp;Kyosuke Sano ,&nbsp;Minoru Yoneda ,&nbsp;Yasuto Matsui","doi":"10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.101899","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.101899","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Ijen crater volcano (ICV) is one of the active volcanoes with unique environmental conditions; it is the largest lake in the world with the most extreme acidity and a blue fire phenomenon and releases toxic volcanic gases, including dangerous sulfur dioxide (SO₂). It has an impact on the environment and ecosystem. This research aimed to investigate the blue fire phenomena and toxic gas SO₂ and characterize the environmental conditions and health effects of the ICV. The method used in this research involved carrying out an SO₂ concentration using an impinger in 32-point sampling around the Inje crater volcano. The environment was characterized based on self-observation, station observation, interviews, and reliable literature data. The health effect was measured based on the threshold level value based on local and global regulations. This research shows that the characteristics of the ICV include a crater lake with a depth of up to 200 m and a diameter of ± 900 m with pH values less than 1. Then, the source of SO₂ comes from the reaction of magma with volcanic gas. the blue fire phenomenon, which occurs in certain situations, frequently adds to the natural wonder of the ICV. In addition, the distribution of SO₂ concentrations ranges from 480 to 6960 ppb. Next, almost the Hazard Quotion (HQ) &gt; 1 every point sampling. This means that the SO₂ concentration and HQ exceed the threshold value affecting human activities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23129,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology Reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 101899"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11780170/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143068226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of acute plant toxicity, antioxidant activity, molecular docking and bioactive compounds of lemongrass oil isolated from Omani cultivar","authors":"Haneen Al Weshahi ,&nbsp;Mohammad Sohail Akhtar ,&nbsp;Salem Said Al Tobi ,&nbsp;Amzad Hossain ,&nbsp;Shah Alam Khan ,&nbsp;Alia Bushra Akhtar ,&nbsp;Sadri Abdullah Said","doi":"10.1016/j.toxrep.2024.101888","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.toxrep.2024.101888","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lemongrass (Poaceae) is one of the aromatic plants with strong odors. Traditionally, lemon grass oil has been used for the treatment of many diseases such as gastrointestinal cramps, high blood pressure, high body temperatures, and fatigue, and is also considered an antibacterial and anti-diarrheal agent. Therefore, this study aims to investigate volatile active constituents and a few important biological activities of the volatile oil of lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) grown in Oman. To support the results of experimental studies, and to find out the main active constituents responsible for exhibiting biological activities molecular docking studies have also been performed. A sufficient amount of essential oil was obtained using steam distillation from fresh leaves of lemongrass. Volatile constituents were identified with the GC-MS analysis. Lemon grass oil exhibited a very good <em>in vitro</em> antioxidant activity (65.08–90.48 % inhibition of DPPH) with increasing concentration (31.25–1000 µg/mL) of oil. Isolated oil also exhibited good cytotoxic activity against the brine shrimps (100 % mortality at 1000 mcg/mL). Furthermore, molecular docking studies confirmed that beta citral is the monoterpene compound responsible for antioxidant and cytotoxic activity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23129,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology Reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 101888"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11772142/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143060826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary exposure to aflatoxin B1, aflatoxin G1, ochratoxin A, and patulin through fruit juice consumption: A probabilistic assessment of health risk","authors":"Seyedeh Faezeh Taghizadeh ,&nbsp;Ghazaleh Tabriznia Tabrizi ,&nbsp;Hamid Ahmadpourmir ,&nbsp;Gholamreza Karimi ,&nbsp;Ramin Rezaee","doi":"10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.101894","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.101894","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present investigation assessed the risk of dietary exposure to four mycotoxins, namely aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), aflatoxin G1 (AFG1), ochratoxin A (OTA), and patulin (PAT) via fruit juice consumption for Iranian consumers. In 96 fruit juice samples obtained from Iran market, mycotoxins levels were determined using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Also, probabilistic health risk assessment was conducted in terms of tolerable daily intake percentage (%TDI) and under cancer risk scenarios. The average concentrations of mycotoxins in the fruit juice samples did not vary significantly among the analyzed samples. The highest mean total level of AFB1 and AFG1was observed in sour cherry, and that of OTA and PAT in pomegranate and apple juice samples. The sour cherry juice demonstrated the highest %TDIs for AFB1 and AFG1 at 50th, 80th, and 95th centiles, while pomegranate juice and apple juice were associated with the highest %TDIs for OTA and PAT, respectively. Across all fruit juice samples, %TDIs for PAT remained below 1.0 at the three centiles. However, %TDIs for AFB1, AFG1, and OTA exceeded 1.0 at these centiles. Based on Monte Carlo Simulation model used for cancer risk scenario, at these centiles, oral consumption of the analyzed samples poses no carcinogenic risk for exposure to AFB1 and AFG1.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23129,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology Reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 101894"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11780124/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143068188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Valproic acid intoxication – The importance of toxicological analysis and correct management: A case report","authors":"André Valle de Bairros ,&nbsp;Karol Andriely de Vargas Paier ,&nbsp;Leonardo Corrêa Cardoso ,&nbsp;Fernanda Ziegler Reginato ,&nbsp;Gustavo Andrade Ugalde ,&nbsp;Ivy Bauer Lovatel ,&nbsp;Miguel Roehrs","doi":"10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.101891","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.101891","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Valproic acid (VPA) is an anticonvulsant widely used in treating epilepsy which can occur cases of poisoning in overdose situations.</div></div><div><h3>Case description</h3><div>A 15-year-old girl purposely ingested about 100 drug tablets according to family members. Gastric lavage with activated charcoal was performed at home using a nasogastric tube and patient just was taken to the hospital around 10 h after drug ingestion, arriving in shock state. All laboratorial parameters were altered together a suspect of aspiration pneumonia with the presence of gross perihilar infiltrated in the right lung. Immunoassay screening test did not detect any substance; LC-UV detected quetiapine (&gt; 150 ng/mL) while GC-MS determined 977.96 µg/mL of valproic acid in the patient’s plasma, confirming valproic acid intoxication. Appropriate life support was performed in the patient during hospitalization; however, she died two days later, reaching her suicide.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Prognosis could be favorable if the patient was taken immediately to hospital emergency, considering the complexity of managing poisoning. Patient´s anamnesis must be carefully analyzed by the healthcare professional to avoid false conclusions and toxicological analysis is extremely important to clarify suspected poisoning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23129,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology Reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 101891"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11787603/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143081108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxicodynamic insights of 2C and NBOMe drugs – Is there abuse potential?","authors":"Eva Gil-Martins ,&nbsp;Daniel José Barbosa ,&nbsp;Fernanda Borges ,&nbsp;Fernando Remião ,&nbsp;Renata Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.101890","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.101890","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Drug use represents a prevalent and multifaceted societal problem, with profound implications for public health, social welfare, and economic stability. To circumvent strict international drug control regulations, there is a growing trend in the development and market introduction of novel psychoactive substances (NPS), encompassing a wide range of compounds with psychoactive properties. This includes, among other classes of drugs, the phenethylamines. Originally derived from natural sources, these drugs have garnered particular attention due to their psychedelic effects. They comprise a broad spectrum of compounds, including 2,5-dimethoxyphenylethylamine (2C) drugs and their corresponding <em>N</em>-(2,5-dimethoxybenzyl)phenethylamine (NBOMe). Psychedelics are conventionally perceived as having low addiction potential, although recent reports have raised concerns regarding this topic. These substances primarily interact with serotonin receptors, particularly the 5-HT_2A subtype, resulting in alterations in sensory perception, mood, and introspective experiences. In addition to their psychedelic properties, 2C and NBOMe drugs have been associated with a multitude of adverse effects, such as cardiovascular complications and neurotoxicity. This manuscript provides a comprehensive review of the psychedelic pathways underlying 2C and NBOMe designer drugs, focusing on their interactions with serotonergic and other neurotransmitter systems, shedding light on their potential for abuse.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23129,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology Reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 101890"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11762925/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143047960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biogenic nanoparticles as a promising drug delivery system","authors":"Rehab M. Abdel-Megeed","doi":"10.1016/j.toxrep.2024.101887","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.toxrep.2024.101887","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanotechnology has significantly influenced the worldwide medical services sector during the past few decades. Biological collection approaches for nanoparticles are economical, non-toxic, and ecologically benign. This review provides up-to-date information on nanoparticle production processes and biological sources, including algae, plants, bacteria, fungus, actinomycetes, and yeast. The biological technique of generating nanoparticles has advantages over chemical, physical, and biological methods, including low-toxicity and friendly to the environment, thereby providing a viable option for therapeutic applications as s promising drug delivery system. In addition to aiding researchers, the bio-mediated, obtained nanoparticles also modify particles to promote both health and safety. We also looked at the important medicinal uses of nanoparticles, including their antifungal, antimicrobial, antiviral, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. The current study highlights the findings of recent research in this field and discusses various methods proposed to describe the bio-mediated acquisition of novel nanoparticles.. The production of nanoparticles via biogenic sources possess various benefits, such as low cost, bioavailability, and environmental friendliness. In addition to the determination of the bioactive chemicals mediated by nanoparticle as well as the examination of the biochemical pathways and enzyme reactions. The major focus of this review is highlighting on the essential role of biogenic nanoparticles as promising drug delivery system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23129,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology Reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 101887"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11762933/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143047956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An approach to predict and inhibit Amyloid Beta dimerization pattern in Alzheimer’s disease","authors":"Sreekanya Roy ,&nbsp;Sima Biswas ,&nbsp;Anirban Nandy ,&nbsp;Dipanjan Guha ,&nbsp;Rakhi Dasgupta ,&nbsp;Angshuman Bagchi ,&nbsp;Parames Chandra Sil","doi":"10.1016/j.toxrep.2024.101879","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.toxrep.2024.101879","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is one of the leading neurodegenerative diseases that affect the human population. Several hypotheses are in the pipeline to establish the commencement of this disease; however, the amyloid hypothesis is one of the most widely accepted ones. Amyloid plaques are rich in Amyloid Beta (Aβ) proteins, which are found in the brains of Alzheimer’s patients. They are the spliced product of a transmembrane protein called Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP); when they enter into the amylogenic pathway, they get cleaved simultaneously by Beta and Gamma Secretase and produce Aβ protein. Appearances of Amyloid plaques are the significant clinical hallmarks of this disease. AD is mainly present in two genetically distinct forms; sporadic and familial AD. Sporadic Alzheimer’s Disease (sAD) is marked by a later clinical onset of the disease, whereas, familial Alzheimer’s Disease (fAD) is an early onset of the disease with mendelian inheritance. Several mutations have been clinically reported in the last decades that have shown a direct link with fAD. Many of those mutations are reported to be present in the APP. In this study, we selected a few significant mutations present in the Aβ stretch of the APP and tried to differentiate the wild-type Aβ dimers formed in sAD and the mutant dimers formed in fAD through molecular modelling as there are no structures available from wet-lab studies till date. We analysed the binding interactions leading to formations of the dimers. Our next aim was to come up with a solution to treat AD using the method of drug repurposing. For that we used virtual screening and molecular docking simulations of the already existing anti-inflammatory drugs and studied their potency in resisting the formation of Aβ dimers. This is the first such report of drug repurposing for the treatment of AD, which might pave new pathways in therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23129,"journal":{"name":"Toxicology Reports","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 101879"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11762949/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143047953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}