{"title":"Novel Low-Bandgap Organic Dyads Derived from Diketopyrrolopyrrole for Efficient Single-Component Organic Solar Cells","authors":"Bommaramoni Yadagiri, Kamatham Narayanaswamy, Vinay Kumar, Hemalatha Maricherla, Mahesh Kumar Ravva, Surya Prakash Singh, Ganesh D. Sharma","doi":"10.1002/solr.202400749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202400749","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In order to attain high performance in single-component organic solar cells (SCOSCs), it requires the designing of light-harvesting structures that can absorb light across a wide range from visible to near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths. In this investigation, two novel dyad materials, denoted as SPS-BF-Full and SPS-BT-Full are designed and synthesized, consisting of covalently linked benzofuran (BF) and benzothiophene (BT) functionalized thiophene–diketopyrrolopyrrole (TDPP) as donor and N-methyl fullero[60]pyrrolidine as the acceptor, respectively. The incorporation of a phenyl bridge between TDPP and fullero[60]pyrrolidine enhances light absorption in SPS-BF-Full and SPS-BT-Full, resulting to a high short-circuit density (<i>J</i><sub>SC</sub>). Consequently, the SCOSCs utilizing SPS-BT-Full and SPS-BF-Full attained overall power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 6.28 and 7.35%, respectively. The high photovoltaic performance of OSCs utilizing SPS-BF-Full is mainly attributed to its higher external quantum efficiency and balanced hole and electron mobility (<i>μ</i><sub>e</sub>/<i>μ</i><sub>h</sub> = 1.39), along with imporved charge carrier extraction, revealing more effective charge transport in comparison to SPS-BT-Full counterparts.</p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143117419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Thermal-Triggered Sustainable Defect Passivation for Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells","authors":"Wen Li, Zhengbo Cui, Yunfei Li, Bo Feng, Qiang Weng, Jianhong Xu, Yunjie Mao, Tengyi You, Ting Shu, Wenxiao Zhang, Xiaodong Li, Junfeng Fang","doi":"10.1002/solr.202400688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202400688","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The defect is of great importance for perovskite solar cells (PSCs). During device aging, the already well-passivated perovskite can still generate new defects. Traditional passivating approaches are unable to well passivate these newly generated defects, thus affecting device performance. Herein, a thermal-triggered sustainable defect passivation strategy is proposed by employing a heat-induced molten passivator of perfluorobutylsulphonamide (PBSA). PBSA will change to liquid after heat treatment, flowing to the generation sites of new defects and passivate them, thus inducing degraded efficiency recover and enhancing device stability. Resulting PSCs with PBSA exhibit high efficiency of 24.34% with good stability, retaining >90% of initial efficiency after ultraviolet aging for 500 h.</p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143117417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Solar RRLPub Date : 2024-12-19DOI: 10.1002/solr.202400490
Rune Strandberg, Anne Gerd Imenes
{"title":"Bandgap Optimization of Photovoltaic Tandem Cells Based on Spectra Collected over a Full Year","authors":"Rune Strandberg, Anne Gerd Imenes","doi":"10.1002/solr.202400490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202400490","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Spectral data collected every minute at the test station in Grimstad, Norway, are used to investigate the impact of spectral variation on tandem cells. The results are displayed as efficiency maps which are compared to equivalent maps for the air mass 1.5 global (AM1.5G) reference spectrum. Most of the maps are calculated for ideal cells and will thus serve as benchmarks for what can possibly be achieved under real conditions, but the impact of non-radiative recombination is also included. It is found that there is generally good agreement between the efficiency under the AM1.5G spectrum and the efficiency found using the collected spectra. The main difference is that a slight blueshift in the real spectra favors larger bandgaps. Seasonal efficiency maps and maps for different types of conditions are also presented. The largest deviation from the reference spectrum is found for the three darkest months of the year. Optimizing the bandgaps for this period may increase seasonal production by several percent, albeit with a significant accompanying reduction in annual production. For June, the sunniest month, as well as for cloudy and lowlight conditions, it is found that the optimal bandgaps are slightly larger than those found for the AM1.5G.</p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/solr.202400490","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143116466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Surface p-Type Self-Doping Facilitating the Enhanced Performance of Air-Processed Carbon-Based Perovskite Solar Cells","authors":"Zhensang Tong, Kaihang Sang, Huanyi Zhou, Dongqi Wu, Suxin Zhao, Junfang Zhang, Ye Yang, Qi Pang, Anxiang Guan, Liya Zhou, Hanchi Cheng, Peican Chen","doi":"10.1002/solr.202400712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202400712","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000The fabrication of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) in the ambient environment offers considerable promise for practical applications, yet it also poses considerable challenges. Water is known to cause structural deterioration, which has a negative effect on the stability and efficiency of perovskite-based devices. The presence of defects is believed to provide pathways for water infiltration into the perovskite. Therefore, one important strategy for avoiding perovskite hydration is the passivation of perovskite defects. Herein, a simple antisolvent additive engineering approach is employed. By adding the additive with functional groups of CO, <span></span>NH<sub>2</sub>, and <span></span>CF<sub>3</sub> to the antisolvent ethyl acetate, the defects in the perovskite thin film are successfully reduced and significantly mitigated the possibility of H<sub>2</sub>O infiltrating the perovskite lattice through the defects. Additionally, the addition of methyl 2-amino-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoate results in a p-type self-doping effect at the interface of the perovskite film, thereby improving hole extraction and transport. The power conversion efficiency of hole-transport layer-free carbon-based PSCs fabricated in ambient air conditions is 19.17% (0.04 cm<sup>2</sup>) and 17.78% (1 cm<sup>2</sup>), respectively. Moreover, the optimized unencapsulated devices retain 90.6% of their original efficiency after being kept for 1200 h in conditions of 70% relative humidity.</p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143116102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Solar RRLPub Date : 2024-12-17DOI: 10.1002/solr.202400781
Pan Zhao, Linhu Xiang, Yunsheng Gou, Xiangyu Yang, Shiying Tang, Chunlong Yuan, Bin wang, Hua Yu
{"title":"Carboxymethyl-Based Ionic Liquid Engineering for Efficient and Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells","authors":"Pan Zhao, Linhu Xiang, Yunsheng Gou, Xiangyu Yang, Shiying Tang, Chunlong Yuan, Bin wang, Hua Yu","doi":"10.1002/solr.202400781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202400781","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have garnered significant attention due to their tunable bandgap, superior charge carrier properties, and easy fabrication processes, making them highly efficient energy conversion devices. Despite these advantages, nonradiative recombination due to defects in the perovskite layer continues to limit performance. This study addresses this issue by introducing 1-CarboxyMethyl-3-MethylImidazolium chloride (ImAcCl) into precursor solution to enhance film quality and suppress defect-induced recombination. The carboxylate groups (CO) and hydrogen donors (N<span></span>H) in ImAcCl form coordination and hydrogen bonds, helping to reduce defect density of the perovskite film. Additive ImAcCl improves crystallinity, reduces surface roughness, and enhances charge carrier transport, leading to higher photovoltaic performance. With the ImAcCl additive, the power conversion efficiency and short-circuit current of PSCs significantly improve by 23.92% and 25.35 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>, with a notable reduction in nonradiative recombination losses. This study highlights the significant potential of ImAcCl as an effective additive for defect passivation in PSCs, offering a promising pathway toward further efficiency improvements in next-generation solar cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143116101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Solar RRLPub Date : 2024-12-17DOI: 10.1002/solr.202400353
Mohammad Nur-E-Alam, Mohammad Tanvirul Ferdaous, Abdullah Alghafis, Mikhail Vasiliev, Boon Kar Yap, Tiong Sieh Kiong, Megat Mohd Izhar Sapeli, Nowshad Amin, Mohd Adib Ibrahim, Md Khan Sobayel Bin Rafiq
{"title":"Tailoring Ga-Doped ZnO Thin Film Properties for Enhanced Optoelectric Device Performance: Argon Flow Rate Modulation and Dynamic Sputtering Geometry Analysis","authors":"Mohammad Nur-E-Alam, Mohammad Tanvirul Ferdaous, Abdullah Alghafis, Mikhail Vasiliev, Boon Kar Yap, Tiong Sieh Kiong, Megat Mohd Izhar Sapeli, Nowshad Amin, Mohd Adib Ibrahim, Md Khan Sobayel Bin Rafiq","doi":"10.1002/solr.202400353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202400353","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The impact of dynamic sputtering geometry on the properties of ZnO: Ga (GZO) thin film nanomaterials is investigated by systematically varying Ar flow rates and substrate positions during the film growth. The structural, optical, and electrical characteristics of GZO layers, deposited from a ZnO: Ga (5.7 wt%) ceramic-type sputtering target, are comprehensively evaluated to reveal the relationship between the sputtering geometry and material properties. The obtained electrical properties, comparatively high carrier mobility 11.3 × 10<sup>1</sup> cm<sup>2</sup> V<sup>−1</sup> s<sup>−1</sup> and the lowest resistivity 1.13 × 10<sup>−3</sup> Ω-cm, together with a moderately high optoelectric figure of merit with the films prepared using around 6 sccm Ar-flow rate (corresponding to around 4.92 mTorr Ar partial pressure) reveal distinct correlations between the sputtering conditions and thin film properties, providing insights into the optimization of sputtering parameters for tailored material synthesis required for advanced and emerging applications. The GZO thin film (prepared with the optimal setting of 6 sccm Ar flow rate) exhibits remarkable optoelectronic capabilities as a transport layer in solar cells, reaching peak efficiencies of 26.34% for CIGS, 14.142% for CdTe, and 24.289% for Cs<sub>2</sub>AgBiBr<sub>6</sub> perovskite in SCAPS-1D simulated models. This study advances sputtering techniques for precise engineering of functional nanomaterials with enhanced performance and versatility, contributing to material synthesis optimization for emerging applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143116100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Solar RRLPub Date : 2024-12-15DOI: 10.1002/solr.202400689
Bernice Mae Yu Jeco-Espaldon, Yoshitaka Okada
{"title":"Achieving Large-Area, Crack-Free Epitaxial Lift-Off of Inverted Metamorphic Multijunction Solar Cells by Ag Electrode Extension and the Counterintuitive Use of Temporary Rigid Carrier","authors":"Bernice Mae Yu Jeco-Espaldon, Yoshitaka Okada","doi":"10.1002/solr.202400689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202400689","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The material choices for highly efficient multijunction solar cells (MJSCs) can be expanded by stacking lattice-mismatched III–V materials grown by the inverted metamorphic approach. However, III–V materials are expensive, necessitating low-cost strategies such as substrate reuse by epitaxial lift-off (ELO) to improve their technology readiness. Inverted metamorphic MJSCs (IMM-MJSCs) are inherently fragile due to the interfacial stresses introduced by graded buffer layers between mismatched materials. While numerous studies have reported successful fabrication of crack-free IMM-MJSCs, comprehensive procedural details and critical considerations are often left undisclosed. Herein, a systematic method is presented for achieving large-area, crack-free thin-film IMM-MJSCs. Specifically, the efficacy of the ELO bath method combined with Ag back electrode extension and the innovative application of rigid, acid- and polar solvent-resistant plastics as temporary carriers during the process is demonstrated. By addressing the challenges of mechanical fragility and developing robust ELO techniques, this work aims to enable the practical implementation of high-efficiency IMM-MJSCs for space and terrestrial applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143115168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Solar RRLPub Date : 2024-12-12DOI: 10.1002/solr.202400765
Yinyan Xu, Hyoungmin Park, Urasawadee Amornkitbamrung, Hyeon Jun Jeong, Canjie Wang, Yongjae In, Aedan Gibson, Hyunjung Shin
{"title":"Synergistic Passivation of Pyridinium Tetrafluoroborate (PyBF4) in Inverted (CsPbI3)0.05((FAPbI3)1−x(MAPbBr3)x)0.95 Solar Cells with Atomic Layer Deposited NiO Layers","authors":"Yinyan Xu, Hyoungmin Park, Urasawadee Amornkitbamrung, Hyeon Jun Jeong, Canjie Wang, Yongjae In, Aedan Gibson, Hyunjung Shin","doi":"10.1002/solr.202400765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202400765","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000Nickel oxide (NiO) is a promising hole transport layer (HTL) that can be used to fabricate efficient, large-scale inverted-type perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, depositing a high-quality perovskite layer on NiO substrates comparable to those realized in the normal structure still presents a challenge. Herein, a pyridinium tetrafluoroborate (PyBF<sub>4</sub>) additive is introduced to passivate the intrinsic defects in the bulk perovskite films. The nitrogen Lewis base in the PyBF<sub>4</sub> molecule interacts well with uncoordinated Pb<sup>2+</sup> cations, leading to high-quality perovskite films with minimized defects. Meanwhile, the pseudohalide BF<sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup> can fill halogen vacancies in the perovskite films to enable defect passivation. As a result, the perovskite precursor solution with PyBF<sub>4</sub> shows better reproducibility for high-efficiency devices. The optimal PSC based on PyBF<sub>4</sub> modification yields a champion power conversion efficiency of 22.7% with atomic layer deposited NiO as the HTL.</p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143114506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Solar RRLPub Date : 2024-12-10DOI: 10.1002/solr.202400635
Khoa Nguyen, Wei Wang, Lichun Chang, Thien Truong, Heping Shen, Klaus Weber, Hieu T. Nguyen, Daniel Macdonald
{"title":"Photoluminescence Excitation Spectroscopy of Monolithic Perovskite/Silicon Tandem Solar Cells","authors":"Khoa Nguyen, Wei Wang, Lichun Chang, Thien Truong, Heping Shen, Klaus Weber, Hieu T. Nguyen, Daniel Macdonald","doi":"10.1002/solr.202400635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202400635","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The contributions of each subcell to the total photoluminescence (PL) spectrum of a monolithic perovskite/silicon tandem solar cell are distinguished using a variable wavelength excitation laser source. In the results, a strong overlap of the PL spectrum is shown, originating from the sub-bandgap region of the perovskite top cell with the emission from the silicon bottom cell, even with near-infrared excitation wavelengths. Consequently, an excitation laser wavelength of at least 815 nm is required for a dominant PL signal from the silicon bottom cell, and a wavelength no longer than 750 nm is needed for a dominant PL signal from the perovskite top cell in the investigated tandem solar cell. Moreover, a shoulder in the sub-bandgap emission of the perovskite top cell almost coincides with the PL response region of the silicon bottom cell, which can cause signal confusion in subcell characterization.</p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143114089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Influence of Material Composition and Wafer Thickness on the Performances of Electron Irradiated Gallium-Doped Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells","authors":"Océane Guillot, Romain Cariou, Jordi Veirman, Nicolas Enjalbert, Adrien Danel, Corinne Aicardi, Sébastien Dubois","doi":"10.1002/solr.202400669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202400669","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Past studies have underlined the importance of silicon material composition for optimum space solar cells performances. However, the maturity and performances of silicon cells have evolved over the last decades. Due to the increasing space photovoltaic power demand, it becomes crucial to assess modern silicon radiation hardness. Herein, the influence of material composition (resistivity and interstitial oxygen, gallium, and thermal donor concentrations) of modern gallium-doped silicon wafers on their electronic properties after electron irradiation is investigated. Results demonstrate stable majority carrier concentrations and mobilities within the doping ranges and fluences investigated. Regarding the post-irradiation carrier recombinations, the higher the resistivity the higher the carrier lifetime is at low injection level. Similarly, the electron diffusion length is six times higher for the 60 Ω.cm samples compared to the 0.9 Ω.cm ones. The Shockley–Read–Hall recombination signature of a vacancy-related defect (reported in boron-doped silicon) reproduces well this trend. Then, complete heterojunction solar cells are processed from these materials. While highest resistivity samples feature better carrier lifetimes after irradiation, the best conversion efficiencies are obtained for intermediate resistivity samples (15 Ω.cm). It is shown that it is essentially due to the positive effect of higher majority carrier concentration on the open-circuit voltage.</p>","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/solr.202400669","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143113317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}