Therapeutic Advances in Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Stem cell therapy as treatment for Stargardt disease.","authors":"Erica Marks, Adith Anugu, Joseph Bisiani, Srinivas Pentyala","doi":"10.1177/25158414251320592","DOIUrl":"10.1177/25158414251320592","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stargardt disease or Juvenile Macular Degeneration is a rare genetic disorder caused by a mutation in the ABCA4 gene that results in degeneration of the macula and loss of central vision. The mutation in the ABCA4 gene causes a build-up of lipofuscin, which is a substance that is left over from the breakdown and absorption of damaged blood cells. This build-up of lipofuscin causes the death of photoreceptor cells and the subsequent degeneration of the macula. Due to the nature of Stargardt's disease, there are currently no cures or treatment options. However, in recent years, there has been an increase in research and exploration of utilizing stem cell therapy as a potential cure and treatment for Stargardt disease. Growing research in the field of ophthalmology has found that the use of stem cells can potentially replace the loss of photoreceptor cells, slow the progression of the degeneration of vision, and be a potential new treatment option for Stargardt disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":23054,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Ophthalmology","volume":"17 ","pages":"25158414251320592"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12102558/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144143712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multimodal LLMs for retinal disease diagnosis via OCT: few-shot versus single-shot learning.","authors":"Reem Agbareia, Mahmud Omar, Ofira Zloto, Benjamin S Glicksberg, Girish N Nadkarni, Eyal Klang","doi":"10.1177/25158414251340569","DOIUrl":"10.1177/25158414251340569","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Multimodal large language models (LLMs) have shown potential in processing both text and image data for clinical applications. This study evaluated their diagnostic performance in identifying retinal diseases from optical coherence tomography (OCT) images.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We assessed the diagnostic accuracy of GPT-4o and Claude Sonnet 3.5 using two public OCT datasets (OCTID, OCTDL) containing expert-labeled images of four pathological conditions and normal retinas. Both models were tested using single-shot and few-shot prompts, with an overall of 3088 models' API calls. Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate differences in overall and condition-specific performance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>GPT-4o's accuracy improved from 56.29% with single-shot prompts to 73.08% with few-shot prompts (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Similarly, Claude Sonnet 3.5 increased from 40.03% to 70.98% using the same approach (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Condition-specific analyses revealed similar trends, with absolute improvements ranging from 2% to 64%. These findings were consistent across the validation dataset.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Few-shot prompted multimodal LLMs show promise for clinical integration, particularly in identifying normal retinas, which could help streamline referral processes in primary care. While these models fall short of the diagnostic accuracy reported in established deep learning literature, they offer simple, effective tools for assisting in routine retinal disease diagnosis. Future research should focus on further validation and integrating clinical text data with imaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":23054,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Ophthalmology","volume":"17 ","pages":"25158414251340569"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12093016/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144120924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pilot study examining the relationship between retinal vasculature and cognition in older adults recently discharged from a 12-week cardiac rehabilitation program.","authors":"Jordan Sergio, Emma Gosselin, Edmund Arthur, Wen-Chih Wu, Jessica Alber","doi":"10.1177/25158414251340541","DOIUrl":"10.1177/25158414251340541","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cardiovascular disease increases the risk for cerebrovascular disease (CBVD) and cognitive decline. The retina has become an ideal target for imaging cerebrovascular changes via optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Whether OCTA metrics map onto clinical outcomes in adults at high risk for CBVD and cognitive decline remains unknown.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study examined the relationship between OCTA metrics and domain-specific cognition in older adults recently discharged from a 12-week cardiac rehabilitation program, who are at high risk of both CBVD and cognitive decline.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This was a prospective, feasibility/pilot study to determine whether OCTA metrics are related to cognition in this unique population of high-risk adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-two older adults recruited within 3 months of completing a 12-week cardiac rehabilitation program participated in a single visit consisting of cognitive assessment and OCTA imaging. Cardiac/exercise metrics were compared pre- and post-rehabilitation. Primary outcomes were analyzed using partial correlation, and multiple regression assessed whether exercise moderates the relationship between retinal vasculature and cognition.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher performance in episodic memory predicted retinal vascular perfusion. Change in time spent performing exercise and change in systolic blood pressure from pre- to post-cardiac rehabilitation were associated with higher logical memory performance post-rehab. Exercise did not moderate the relationship between retinal vascular perfusion and cognition.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of this study support a direct relationship between retinal vascular integrity and cognition in those at high risk for cognitive impairment and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Future research in larger samples with data collection both pre- and post-cardiac rehabilitation will inform whether this relationship is mediated by exercise.</p>","PeriodicalId":23054,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Ophthalmology","volume":"17 ","pages":"25158414251340541"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12089705/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144111981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy, safety, and satisfaction in patients with a functional 5-focus pseudophakic lens 2 years after surgery.","authors":"Germán R Bianchi","doi":"10.1177/25158414251340555","DOIUrl":"10.1177/25158414251340555","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the safety, visual performance, and patient satisfaction of a new presbyopic pseudophakic intraocular lens (IOL).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An ambispective non-randomized study was performed in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Patients included in the study underwent a programmed femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS), performed between October 2020 and September 2021, with a 24-month follow-up period. The Intensity SL (Hanita Lenses) IOL was bilaterally implanted. Uncorrected distance, intermediate, and near visual acuity (UDVA/UIVA/UNVA, respectively), and defocus curve as well as safety parameters were measured, and patient satisfaction was evaluated with the VF-14 QOL questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 120 eyes of 60 patients (34 women and 26 men) aged 68.32 ± 8.9 years (54-85) were included. At the last follow-up, the mean monocular UDVA in eyes (<i>n</i> = 120) with an Intensity SL IOL implanted was 0.01 ± 0.07 logMAR, and the corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) was -0.05 ± 0.06 logMAR. For 120 cm, mean UIVA was 0.06 ± 0.11 logMAR; for 80 cm, mean UIVA was 0.07 ± 0.07 logMAR; for 66 cm, mean UIVA was 0.05 ± 0.07 logMAR and for 40 cm, mean UNVA was 0.09 ± 0.08 logMAR (-0.1 to 0.2). The mean binocular UDVA in our patient group was -0.05 ± 0.05 logMAR. Glare and halo were rare phenomena. Patient satisfaction was high. The mean score value of the VF-14 QOL questionnaire 24 months postoperatively was 98.6.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients underwent safe bilateral implantation with Intensity SL IOL, achieving spectacle independence in most cases, and reported a high degree of satisfaction, refraction, and vision stability 24 months after surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":23054,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Ophthalmology","volume":"17 ","pages":"25158414251340555"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12084693/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144094866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Repurposing Alzheimer's disease medications-systemic cholinesterase inhibitors-for the treatment of dry eye syndrome, glaucoma, and age-related macular degeneration.","authors":"Shilpa Rajagopal, Pranati Ahuja, Valerie Quach, Cody Luong, Mukaila A Raji","doi":"10.1177/25158414251341022","DOIUrl":"10.1177/25158414251341022","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23054,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Ophthalmology","volume":"17 ","pages":"25158414251341022"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12084700/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144094869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Difluprednate achieves a similar clinical outcome after trabeculectomy compared to prednisolone acetate at a significantly lower drop frequency.","authors":"Marc Töteberg-Harms, Douglas J Rhee","doi":"10.1177/25158414251338602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25158414251338602","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The success of trabeculectomy is highly dependent on postoperative control of inflammation and fibrosis. Prednisolone acetate is the most commonly used topical steroid after ophthalmic surgery. However, non-compliance and adherence problems are constantly thwarting this goal. A topical eye drop regimen that requires fewer drops per day and still achieves the same success rates regarding controlling fibrosis and inflammation is desirable.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate whether similar success rates can be achieved with topical difluprednate, comparable to prednisolone acetate, following trabeculectomy.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A single-center, single-surgeon retrospective chart review.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospectively, medical records were evaluated. Inclusion criteria were age ⩾18 years with no upper limit and a diagnosis of open-angle glaucoma. Exclusion criteria were follow-up of <3 months and a history of a concurrent surgery that lowers IOP other than laser trabeculoplasty, cataract surgery, or trabecular meshwork bypass procedures. Success was defined as IOP ⩽ 21 mmHg and ⩾20% reduction below baseline after 1 month, no hypotony (IOP > 5 mmHg), no subsequent glaucoma surgery, and no loss of light perception vision. Primary outcome measures were time to failure and Kaplan-Meier survival, and secondary outcome measures were change in IOP, number of anti-glaucoma medications (AGM), and postoperative interventions and complications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In all, 115 eyes were analyzed: 75 eyes in the prednisolone acetate group, and 40 eyes in the difluprednate group. Baseline characteristics and demographics were similar between the groups. IOP and AGM were significantly lowered, with no difference between the two groups. Failure rates varied between 12% and 31% at 1 year in the prednisolone arm, and between 12% and 35% in the difluprednate arm. No differences between the two treatment arms were found regarding survival statistics.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There was no difference in the success rate between the drug used to treat postoperative inflammation and prevent scarring after trabeculectomy. However, fewer drops per day were necessary in the difluprednate group. Both groups showed no difference in the amount by which IOP and AGM were reduced.</p>","PeriodicalId":23054,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Ophthalmology","volume":"17 ","pages":"25158414251338602"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12066868/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144064756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is a thermal pulsation system (LipiFlow) effective as a standalone treatment for meibomian gland dysfunction and dry eye? A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Kai-Yang Chen, Hoi-Chun Chan, Chi-Ming Chan","doi":"10.1177/25158414251338775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25158414251338775","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dry eye disease is a common condition that causes symptoms such as dryness, irritation, and blurry vision. The pathophysiology of dry eye disease features both aqueous deficiency (loss of aqueous tear production) and increased evaporation (loss of the lipid layer), with the latter mechanism responsible for most of the disease presentation. Ocular surface disease (OSD) is a prevalent condition, often linked to meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD), characterized by tear film instability and symptoms like dryness and irritation. Thermal pulsation therapy, an FDA-approved treatment for MGD, uses heat and pressure to restore gland function, improving tear film stability and ocular health. Studies show its benefits last up to a year, enhancing Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), tear break-up time (TBUT), and Meibomian Glands Yielding Secretion Score (MGYSS) scores. This systematic review evaluates LipiFlow compared to placebo, warm compresses, and other devices, focusing on safety, efficacy, and its impact on recovery and long-term outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive search was performed across PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and Scopus until December 2024. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating LipiFlow were included. The primary outcomes assessed were OSDI and TBUT, with secondary outcomes including meibomian gland expression scores, corneal fluorescein staining (CFS), MGYSS, and lipid layer thickness (LLT). Meta-analyses were conducted using a random-effects model, and heterogeneity was assessed using <i>I</i>² statistics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirteen studies reported OSDI (Std diff -0.076, 95% CI -0.277 to 0.125, <i>p</i> = 0.255, <i>I</i>² = 71.21%). Twelve studies evaluated MGYSS, showing significant improvement (Std diff 0.449, 95% CI 0.173-0.725, <i>p</i> = 0.001, <i>I</i>² = 78.49%). TBUT results from twelve studies were not statistically significant (Std diff 0.211, 95% CI -0.017 to 0.440, <i>p</i> = 0.8350, <i>I</i>² = 0%). CFS showed significant improvement in six studies (Std diff -0.130, 95% CI -0.248 to -0.012, <i>p</i> = 0.031, <i>I</i>² = 0%). LLT changes were insignificant (Std diff -0.071, 95% CI -0.381 to 0.239, <i>p</i> = 0.653, <i>I</i>² = 0%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LipiFlow effectively improves meibomian gland function, as indicated by TBUT, MGYSS, and CFS, but its impact on LLT and OSDI is not significant. The therapy is most beneficial for patients with severe baseline MGD. Further research is needed to establish long-term benefits and patient-specific outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23054,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Ophthalmology","volume":"17 ","pages":"25158414251338775"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12065985/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144027557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plain-language commentary: 2-year findings from the FIREFLEYE next study looking at how well aflibercept injected into affected eyes in babies with retinopathy of prematurity works and how safe it is compared with laser treatment.","authors":"Andreas Stahl, Hidehiko Nakanishi, Domenico Lepore, Wei-Chi Wu, Noriyuki Azuma, Carlos Jacas, Aditya Athanikar, Robert Vitti, Karen Chu, Pablo Iveli, Fei Zhao, Sarah Schlief, Sergio Leal, Thomas Schmelter, Thomas Miller, Evra Köfüncü, Alistair Fielder","doi":"10.1177/25158414251321730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25158414251321730","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23054,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Ophthalmology","volume":"17 ","pages":"25158414251321730"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12059413/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143983014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical outcomes of PRESERFLO^® Microshunt procedure with mitomycin C alone versus with mitomycin C and bevacizumab.","authors":"Inas Gadelkarim, Lee Jones, Umair Qidwai, Gokulan Ratnarajan","doi":"10.1177/25158414241287421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25158414241287421","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The PRESERFLO^® Microshunt procedure offers a safe and effective alternative to trabeculectomy procedure. The adjuvant use of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) with trabeculectomy has been well studied, yet little is known on the effect and safety of anti-VEGF agents used as an adjunctive therapy in PRESERFLO^® procedures.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To compare the outcomes of PRESERFLO Microshunt procedure using either mitomycin C (MMC) alone versus MMC augmented with bevacizumab in patients with open angle glaucoma to a follow-up time of 6 months.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Retrospective observational single-center single-surgeon study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients' records of patients who consecutively underwent PRESERFLO Microshunt at Queen Victoria Hospital, United Kingdom, were examined. From December 2018 to January 2020, eligible patients underwent PRESERFLO Microshunt implantation with MMC alone (0.2-0.4 mg/ml), whereas from February 2020 to January 2022, patients underwent PRESERFLO Microshunt implantation with MMC (0.2-0.4 mg/ml) and adjuvant intracameral 0.1 ml of bevacizumab (1.25 mg/0.05 ml). Efficacy outcomes were analyzed, including changes in intraocular pressure (IOP) and changes in medication use. Postoperative complications and postoperative interventions were also reviewed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 75 eyes were included in the analysis, 38 eyes received MMC alone, whereas 37 eyes received MMC combined with bevacizumab. There were no statistically significant differences in the demographic or clinical profile of patients between treatment groups.Both strategies were effective in terms of IOP lowering (baseline vs 6 months postoperatively: 20.0 (6.8) mmHg vs 12.8 (3.7) mmHg in the MMC group; 23.6 (6.9) mmHg vs 11.9 (4.2) mmHg in the MMC+ bevacizumab group; <i>p</i> < 0.001 in both comparisons). Mean anti-glaucoma medication use also reduced significantly from baseline with no difference between both groups. A higher proportion of patients required postoperative interventions (5-FU injection, needling, and bleb revision) in the MMC alone group (<i>N</i> = 16; 42.1%) compared to the MMC+ bevacizumab group (<i>N</i> = 4; 9.9%) which was statistically significant (Pearson's χ² test; <i>p</i> = 0.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Adjuvant use of bevacizumab in MMC-augmented PRESERFLO Microshunt procedure is at least as effective as MMC alone but helps reduce rates of postoperative interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":23054,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Ophthalmology","volume":"17 ","pages":"25158414241287421"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12033595/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144047272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maintaining driving vision after intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy in patients with neovascular AMD and diabetic macular edema: a plain language summary of publication.","authors":"Parisa Emami-Naeini, Vincent Garmo, Nick Boucher, Rusirini Fernando, Alicia Menezes","doi":"10.1177/25158414241310274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25158414241310274","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>What is this summary about? This is the summary of an article published in <i>Ophthalmology Retina</i>. This summary presents results from a study that used information from a United States (US) healthcare database to look at how <b>intravitreal</b> injections (injections into the eyeball) of anti-<b>vascular endothelial growth factor</b> (anti-VEGF) may affect vision for patients with either <b>neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) or diabetic macular edema (DME)</b>. The study focused on maintaining driving vision over 4 years. What happened in this study? Researchers looked at information in the Vestrum Health database to identify patients diagnosed with <b>nAMD</b> or <b>DME</b> between January 1, 2014 and June 30, 2019 and had medical records that showed how their vision changed while they were receiving anti-<b>VEGF</b> treatment. What were the results? Vision improved for both <b>nAMD</b> and <b>DME</b> patient groups in the first year of anti-<b>VEGF</b> treatment but then got worse over the next 3 years. Patients with <b>nAMD</b> or <b>DME</b> who had more anti-<b>VEGF</b> injections in the first year of treatment had a higher chance of maintaining their driving vision. Both groups of patients were more likely to lose their driving vision if they were older or had worse vision before starting treatment. What do the results mean? These results show that starting anti-<b>VEGF</b> treatment early and having frequent injections is important for keeping driving vision in patients with <b>nAMD</b> or <b>DME</b>. Currently, patients with <b>nAMD</b> or <b>DME</b> may not be getting injections early and often enough to maintain their driving vision over the long term. Where can I find the original article on which this summary is based? You can read the original article published in the journal <i>Ophthalmology Retina</i> at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oret.2023.10.010 Who is this article for? The purpose of this plain language summary is to help patients with either <b>nAMD</b> or <b>DME</b>, their caregivers, patient advocates, healthcare professionals, insurance providers, and policy makers better understand the results of this study. When was this plain language summary of publication written? This summary was drafted in December 2023. <b>Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and diabetic macular edema (DME)</b> are among the leading causes of vision loss among individuals aged 50 years and older in the US and worldwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":23054,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Ophthalmology","volume":"17 ","pages":"25158414241310274"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11956508/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143754447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}