Small Methods最新文献_第7页

Revealing the Impact of CZTSe/CdS Interface Fluctuations on PV Device Performance through Big Data Analysis Assisted by Machine Learning Methods 通过机器学习辅助的大数据分析揭示CZTSe/CdS接口波动对光伏器件性能的影响。

IF 10.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202400661

Jon Garí-Galíndez, Fabien Atlan, Jacob Andrade-Arvizu, Robert Fonoll-Rubio, David Payno, Enric Grau-Luque, Alejandro Pérez-Rodríguez, Ignacio Becerril-Romero, Maxim Guc, Victor Izquierdo-Roca, Pedro Vidal-Fuentes

{"title":"Revealing the Impact of CZTSe/CdS Interface Fluctuations on PV Device Performance through Big Data Analysis Assisted by Machine Learning Methods","authors":"Jon Garí-Galíndez, Fabien Atlan, Jacob Andrade-Arvizu, Robert Fonoll-Rubio, David Payno, Enric Grau-Luque, Alejandro Pérez-Rodríguez, Ignacio Becerril-Romero, Maxim Guc, Victor Izquierdo-Roca, Pedro Vidal-Fuentes","doi":"10.1002/smtd.202400661","DOIUrl":"10.1002/smtd.202400661","url":null,"abstract":"This work showcases the importance of developing suitable inspection and analysis methodologies with high statistical relevance data coupled with machine learning algorithms, for the detection, control, and understanding of small fluctuations in the scale-up of thin film photovoltaics to industrial sizes. To exhibit this methodology, this work investigates the effect of subtle inhomogeneities on the efficiency of thin film solar cells based on the Cu2ZnSnSe4/CdS interface using two large area samples subdivided in ≈400 individual solar cells. A large dataset obtained from Raman and photoluminescence spectroscopic techniques together with J–V optoelectronic data is generated to elucidate the impact of these inhomogeneities on the efficiency of the devices. Using a combination of statistical (spectral difference) and over 440 000 multivariate polynomial regressions through machine learning algorithms, it is revealed how the main limiting factor for device performance are subtle fluctuations in the nanostructure and surface defects of the CdS layer, rather than compositional fluctuations or defects in the kesterite absorber. It is estimated that the avoidance of these issues could result in an absolute increase in device efficiency of 2%. This could provide a potential avenue for further technology advancement within the kesterite community.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":"9 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Electrochemical Liquid Phase TEM in Aqueous Electrolytes for Energy Applications: the Role of Liquid Flow Configuration (Small Methods 3/2025) 电化学液相透射电镜在水电解质中的应用：液体流动配置的作用（小方法3/2025）

IF 10.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202570015

Katarzyna Bejtka, Marco Fontana, Cecilia Irene Gho, Stefan Merkens, Andrey Chuvilin, Candido Fabrizio Pirri, Angelica Chiodoni

引用次数: 0

Engineered Intelligent Microenvironment Responsive Prodrug Conjugates Navigated by Bioinspired Lipoproteins for Reversing Liver Fibrosis. 由生物启发脂蛋白导航的工程智能微环境响应前药偶联物逆转肝纤维化。

IF 10.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202402247

Mingzhu Fang, Boyu Su, Shilin Zhang, Fangxin Li, Yun Guo, Qinjun Chen, Yuxing Wu, Huiyi Liu, Chen Jiang, Tao Sun

{"title":"Engineered Intelligent Microenvironment Responsive Prodrug Conjugates Navigated by Bioinspired Lipoproteins for Reversing Liver Fibrosis.","authors":"Mingzhu Fang, Boyu Su, Shilin Zhang, Fangxin Li, Yun Guo, Qinjun Chen, Yuxing Wu, Huiyi Liu, Chen Jiang, Tao Sun","doi":"10.1002/smtd.202402247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202402247","url":null,"abstract":"Liver fibrosis (LF) is characterized by excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), abnormal activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), and subsequent extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition. The complexity of multiple interrelated pathways involved in this process makes it challenging for monotherapy to achieve the desired therapeutic effects. To address this issue, this study designs a ROS-activated heterodimer conjugate (VTO) to collaboratively alleviate LF. Additionally, a biomimetic high-density lipoprotein is utilized for encapsulation, resulting in the formation of PL-VTO, which enables natural liver targeting. Once PL-VTO is delivered to the fibrotic liver, it can respond and release both parent drugs upon encountering the high ROS microenvironment, effectively scavenge ROS, induce quiescence of activated HSCs, and reduce collagen deposition, ultimately reversing LF. Overall, this study presents a feasible and versatile nanotherapeutic approach to enhance the prodrug-driven treatment of LF.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e2402247"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143655702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Electrochemical Sensor Based on Black Phosphorus for Antimony Detection Using Dip-Pen Nanolithography: The Role of Dwell Time. 基于黑磷的浸笔纳米光刻检测锑的电化学传感器：停留时间的作用。

IF 10.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202402157

Krishna K Yadav, Dror Shamir, Haya Kornweitz, Lonia Friedlander, Moshe Zohar, Ariela Burg

{"title":"Electrochemical Sensor Based on Black Phosphorus for Antimony Detection Using Dip-Pen Nanolithography: The Role of Dwell Time.","authors":"Krishna K Yadav, Dror Shamir, Haya Kornweitz, Lonia Friedlander, Moshe Zohar, Ariela Burg","doi":"10.1002/smtd.202402157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202402157","url":null,"abstract":"Heavy metals, including Sb, are major pollutants with limits on their allowed concentration in drinking water. Therefore, there is a need for sensitive, simple, and portable detection methods for which electrochemical sensors are ideally suited. In this current study, Meta-chemical surfaces are developed for electrochemical sensing by patterning gold electrode surfaces with a mixture of black phosphorus (BP) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) as nanoclusters using dip-pen nanolithography. It is found that the surface-to-volume ratio (S/V), fill factor, and ink composition affect the sensitivity of the sensor for Sb detection. The S/V ratio and fill factor can be altered by the dwell time, which has a complex effect on the limit of detection (varying from 14 to 24 ppb with the changes in the dwell time). Density functional theory calculations show that the binding between Sb(III) and BP is more exergonic in the presence of PMMA. These results are significant because they allow for the development of more sensitive Sb sensors, which can affect the wider field of the detection of heavy metals in drinking water sources and achieve higher efficiency than the commonly used instruments.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e2402157"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143655699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Atomic Layer Thickness Modulated the Catalytic Activity of Platinum for Oxygen Reduction and Hydrogen Oxidation Reaction. 原子层厚度调节铂对氧还原和氢氧化反应的催化活性。

IF 10.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202401978

Shengyao Lv, Jin Liu, Zhuoyang Xie, Li Li, Zidong Wei

{"title":"Atomic Layer Thickness Modulated the Catalytic Activity of Platinum for Oxygen Reduction and Hydrogen Oxidation Reaction.","authors":"Shengyao Lv, Jin Liu, Zhuoyang Xie, Li Li, Zidong Wei","doi":"10.1002/smtd.202401978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202401978","url":null,"abstract":"Reducing platinum (Pt) usage and enhancing its catalytic performance in the hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) and the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) are vital for advancing fuel cell technology. This study presents the design and investigation of monolayer and few-layer Pt structures with high platinum utilization, developed through theoretical calculations. By minimizing the metal thickness from 1 to 3 atomic layers, an atomic utilization rate ranging from 66.66% to 100% is achieved, in contrast to conventional multilayer Pt structures. This reduction resulted in a unique surface coordination environment. These thinner structures exhibited nonlinear fluctuations in key electronic characteristics-such as the d-band center, surface charge, and work function-as the atomic layer thickness decreased. These variations significantly impacted species adsorption and the Pt-H2O interfacial structure, which in turn affected the catalytic activity. Notably, 1-layer Pt exhibited the best performance for HOR, while 3-layer Pt showed high activity for both HOR and ORR. The findings establish a clear relationship between atomic layer thickness, surface characteristics, adsorption behavior, electric double-layer structure, and catalytic performance in Pt systems. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of precision atomic-structured electrocatalyst design and paves the way for the development of highly effective, low-loading Pt-based catalytic materials.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e2401978"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143655697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Plasmonic Nanocrystal-MOF Nanocomposites as Highly Active Photocatalysts and Highly Sensitive Sensors for CO₂ Reduction over a Wide Range of Solar Wavelengths. 等离子体纳米晶体- mof纳米复合材料在大太阳波长范围内作为高活性光催化剂和高灵敏度传感器用于二氧化碳还原。

IF 10.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202500081

Yen-Teng Chen, Nai-Wen Hsien, Su-Wen Hsu

{"title":"Plasmonic Nanocrystal-MOF Nanocomposites as Highly Active Photocatalysts and Highly Sensitive Sensors for CO2 Reduction over a Wide Range of Solar Wavelengths.","authors":"Yen-Teng Chen, Nai-Wen Hsien, Su-Wen Hsu","doi":"10.1002/smtd.202500081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202500081","url":null,"abstract":"Plasmonic nanocrystals have the potential to be widely used in green energy-related applications, due to their excellent optical properties and high reactivity over a wide range of solar wavelengths. Another benefit of using plasmonic nanocrystals for optical applications is that these nanocrystals strongly enhance Raman scattering and are therefore widely used in sensors. Recently, nanocomposites of porous materials deposited on plasmonic nanocrystals are demonstrated to enhance chemical reactivity by concentrating reactants on the surface of plasmonic nanocrystals. Here, three different plasmonic nanocrystals producing plasmonic responses within 400-900 nm are used as templates, and MOF-801 (Zr-based MOF) is produced on these nanocrystals as photocatalysts for the CO2 reduction reaction. Using nanocomposites as CO2 reduction reaction photocatalysts, the CO2 conversion rate can reach >50% within 30 min. The CO2 reduction reactivity of nanocomposites can be improved by the composition and morphology of plasmonic nanocrystals (increased by 40-50%), due to stronger synergistic effects and higher surface area to volume ratio. This report demonstrates that by controlling the plasmonic responses of nanocrystals, it is possible to realize photocatalysts that can be used for CO2 reduction reactions over a wide range of solar wavelengths.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e2500081"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143655705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ion-induced Effect of Ce, Ni Dual Site Doped LaCoO₃ Catalyst for Efficient Electrocatalytic Water Oxidation. Ce、Ni双位点掺杂LaCoO3催化剂对高效电催化水氧化的离子诱导效应。

IF 10.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202500144

Jiaye Li, Fei Jiang, Lei Wang, Han Guo, Qianying Lv, Yingying Liu, Siying Huang, Hsiao-Chien Chen, Chao Feng, Yuan Pan

{"title":"Ion-induced Effect of Ce, Ni Dual Site Doped LaCoO3 Catalyst for Efficient Electrocatalytic Water Oxidation.","authors":"Jiaye Li, Fei Jiang, Lei Wang, Han Guo, Qianying Lv, Yingying Liu, Siying Huang, Hsiao-Chien Chen, Chao Feng, Yuan Pan","doi":"10.1002/smtd.202500144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202500144","url":null,"abstract":"Perovskite oxides exhibit excellent performance in water oxidation, but still lacks a precise regulation strategy for the active sites, while the reaction mechanism is poorly understood. Herein, an ion-induced effect (IIE) is proposed of Ce, Ni dual site doped LaCoO3(CeNi-LaCoO3), where Ni2+ induces the binding of Co species into bimetallic sites, and Ce4+ induces the activation of Co species and reduces the Co-O binding energy. Benefiting from the IIE of Ni2+ and Ce4+, the optimized Ce0.15La0.85Ni0.3Co0.7O3 exhibits excellent OER performance with an overpotential of only 330 mV when the current density reached 10 mA cm-2, the Tafel slope of 70.93 mV dec-1 as well as good stability. Theoretical calculations further reveal that the OER occurring on CeNi-LaCoO3 follows the LOM mechanism, and IIE caused by the doping of the Ce, Ni dual site induces the conversion of Co2+ to Co3+, optimizes the electron arrangement, modulates the electron transfer capacity of the Co site, promotes the conversion of lattice oxygen to OH-, lowers the energy barrier for the participation of bulk oxygen in the OER, and thus promotes the OER performance. This work is expected to provide reliable support for the application of high-efficiency perovskite-based OER catalysts.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e2500144"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143655703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advances in Spatial Omics Technologies. 空间组学技术进展。

IF 10.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202401171

Tianxiao Hui, Jian Zhou, Muchen Yao, Yige Xie, Hu Zeng

引用次数: 0

Emerging Liquid-Based Memristive Devices for Neuromorphic Computation. 用于神经形态计算的新型液体记忆装置。

IF 10.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202402218

Qinyang Fan, Jianyu Shang, Xiaoxuan Yuan, Zhenyu Zhang, Jingjie Sha

{"title":"Emerging Liquid-Based Memristive Devices for Neuromorphic Computation.","authors":"Qinyang Fan, Jianyu Shang, Xiaoxuan Yuan, Zhenyu Zhang, Jingjie Sha","doi":"10.1002/smtd.202402218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202402218","url":null,"abstract":"To mimic the neural functions of the human brain, developing hardware with natural similarities to the human nervous system is crucial for realizing neuromorphic computing architectures. Owing to their capability to emulate artificial neurons and synapses, memristors are widely regarded as a leading candidate for achieving neuromorphic computing. However, most current memristor devices are solid-state. In contrast, biological nervous systems operate within an aqueous environment, and the human brain accomplishes intelligent behaviors such as information generation, transmission, and memory by regulating ion transport in neuronal cells. To achieve computing systems that are more analogous to biological systems and more energy-efficient, memristor devices based on liquid environments are developed. In contrast to traditional solid-state memristors, liquid-based memristors possess advantages such as anti-interference, low energy consumption, and low heat generation. Simultaneously, they demonstrate excellent biocompatibility, rendering them an ideal option for the next generation of artificial intelligence systems. Numerous experimental demonstrations of liquid-based memristors are reported, showcasing their unique memristive properties and novel neuromorphic functionalities. This review focuses on the recent developments in liquid-based memristors, discussing their operating mechanisms, structures, and functional characteristics. Additionally, the potential applications and development directions of liquid-based memristors in neuromorphic computing systems are proposed.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e2402218"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143655700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advanced Characterization of Perovskite Thin Films for Solar Cell Applications Using Time-Resolved Microwave Photoconductivity and Time-Resolved Photoluminescence 利用时间分辨微波光导和时间分辨光致发光技术对太阳能电池用钙钛矿薄膜进行高级表征。

IF 10.7 2区材料科学

Small Methods Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202400818

Emmanuel V. Péan, Jiashang Zhao, Alexander J. Doolin, Rodrigo García-Rodríguez, Tom J. Savenije, Matthew L. Davies

{"title":"Advanced Characterization of Perovskite Thin Films for Solar Cell Applications Using Time-Resolved Microwave Photoconductivity and Time-Resolved Photoluminescence","authors":"Emmanuel V. Péan, Jiashang Zhao, Alexander J. Doolin, Rodrigo García-Rodríguez, Tom J. Savenije, Matthew L. Davies","doi":"10.1002/smtd.202400818","DOIUrl":"10.1002/smtd.202400818","url":null,"abstract":"Thanks to their direct band-gap, high absorption coefficient, low manufacturing cost, and relative abundance of component materials, perovskite materials are strong candidates for the next generation of photovoltaic devices. However, their complex photochemistry and photophysics are hindering their development. This is due, in part, to the complex charge carrier recombination pathways in these materials, as well as their instability during measurements. Here, a new characterization methodology is detailed that allows the measurement, with high certainty, of the intrinsic parameters of a single perovskite sample, such as the trap state concentration and carrier mobilities. This methodology is based on a combination of time-resolved microwave photoconductivity (TRMC) and time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) spectroscopy. Compared to TRPL only, this methodology is faster, does not lead to significant changes in the perovskite properties over time, and increases the certainty of the parameters retrieved. Using this methodology, green solvent systems are studied to replace the traditional harmful solvents usually used when spin–coating perovskites. Although devices made using the greener solvents presented lower efficiencies, TRMC and TRPL measurements highlighted that the perovskites made with these solvents can achieve the same performance compared to the traditional solvent system.","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":"9 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/smtd.202400818","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143655600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0