The primary care companion for CNS disorders最新文献

{"title":"What Internists and Neurologists Know and Think About Catatonia.","authors":"Japsimran Kaur, Daniel D Maeng, Joshua R Wortzel, Mark A Oldham","doi":"10.4088/PCC.24m03853","DOIUrl":"10.4088/PCC.24m03853","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To design and conduct a survey-based study to understand what internists and neurologists know and think about catatonia, with the goal of raising catatonia awareness among these practitioners and informing future educational campaigns.</p><p><p><b>Methods:</b> The authors disseminated an online catatonia survey and educational module of the Bush-Francis Catatonia Rating Scale (BFCRS) via X/Twitter, professional listservs, and newsletters, from September 5, 2023, to January 15, 2024. Attendings, fellows, residents, and advanced-practice providers in internal medicine or neurology were eligible. Results on catatonia knowledge and attitudes are described and evaluated for associations with self-reported demographics. BFCRS scoring accuracy of this study's cohort is compared with a prior cohort of psychiatric practitioners.</p><p><p><b>Results:</b> Of the 64 eligible respondents, 58 completed the questionnaire, and 38 scored the test patient video. Most participants correctly identified medical sequelae of catatonia and benzodiazepines as the first-line treatment. However, whereas most agreed that practitioners in their specialty should know about catatonia and that it would be beneficial for them to receive catatonia training, only 16 (18%) completed the educational modules. Overall performance in this sample did not differ based on specialty, stage of training, or years of practice. The mean correct score on the BFCRS was 14 of 23, which was statistically lower than that of a historical psychiatry cohort (<i>P</i> < .001).</p><p><p><b>Conclusions:</b> Although participants correctly identified medical sequelae and first-line treatment of catatonia, large gaps in catatonia-related knowledge were identified. The low participation rate and high attrition, despite widespread affirmation of catatonia's importance to their specialty, may reflect attitudes about catatonia. These results call for education on catatonia recognition and greater awareness of catatonia among internists and neurologists.</p><p><p><i>Prim Care Companion CNS Disord 2025;27(2):24m03853</i>.</p><p><p>\u0000 <i>Author affiliations are listed at the end of this article.</i>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":22814,"journal":{"name":"The primary care companion for CNS disorders","volume":"27 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12131037/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144019696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing Psychological Morbidities in Hospital Staff During Nipah Virus Concerns: Prevalence of Depression and Anxiety.","authors":"Faiz Mohamed, N A Uvais, P Shihabudheen, Mohammed Jezeel Nalakath","doi":"10.4088/PCC.24m03818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4088/PCC.24m03818","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> The Nipah virus poses significant health risks, particularly in regions like Kerala, India, where outbreaks have occurred. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of depression and anxiety among health care workers in a tertiary care hospital during a period of heightened concern regarding Nipah virus exposure.</p><p><p><b>Methods:</b> A cross-sectional online survey was conducted from September 28 to November 9, 2023, involving 240 health care workers recruited through a snowball sampling method. Participants completed a self-report questionnaire that included demographic information and standardized instruments: the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) for depression and the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7) for anxiety.</p><p><p><b>Results:</b> The study population comprised predominantly young adults aged 18-30 years (56.7%), with a majority being female (73.3%). Clinically significant depression was reported by 21.2% of participants, with varying severity levels, while 18% exhibited clinically significant anxiety. Nursing staff demonstrated a significantly higher prevalence of both depression and anxiety compared to non-nursing staff (<i>P</i> < .05). A significant correlation was found between PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scores (<i>P</i> < .001). Higher rates of depression were observed among staff exposed to the Nipah virus (<i>P</i> < .001) and those who had been quarantined (<i>P</i> < .001). Anxiety levels were notably elevated in the age 51-60 years group (<i>P</i> = .011).</p><p><p><b>Conclusion:</b> The findings indicate a concerning prevalence of depression and anxiety among health care workers, particularly among nursing staff and those with exposure to the Nipah virus. These results highlight the urgent need for targeted mental health interventions and support systems within health care settings to address the psychological well being of staff during public health crises.</p><p><p><i>Prim Care Companion CNS Disord 2025;27(2):24m03818</i>.</p><p><p>\u0000 <i>Author affiliations are listed at the end of this article.</i>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":22814,"journal":{"name":"The primary care companion for CNS disorders","volume":"27 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143987962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interaction Between Oxcarbazepine and Long-Acting Aripiprazole Leading to Relapse of Bipolar Disorder.","authors":"Hayley Walton, Shehryar Khan","doi":"10.4088/PCC.24cr03877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4088/PCC.24cr03877","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22814,"journal":{"name":"The primary care companion for CNS disorders","volume":"27 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144047925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality Indicators in Community Mental Health Services: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Vishnu Mangalamchery, M Vaseel, N A Uvais","doi":"10.4088/PCC.24r03859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4088/PCC.24r03859","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To explore quality indicators in community mental health services.</p><p><p><b>Evidence Review:</b> The PubMed and Scopus electronic databases were searched using the keywords (\"quality indicators\" OR \"quality measurement\" OR \"quality standards\") AND (\"community mental health\" OR \"community mental health services\" OR \"community mental health care\"). No date limits were imposed, and studies were restricted to those available in English. A total of 10 studies were reviewed, comprising original research and review articles. Inclusion criteria encompassed studies investigating quality of community mental health services irrespective of study design or intervention type.</p><p><p><b>Findings:</b> Findings revealed patient-level quality indicators (access to health care services, continuity of care, regular contact with health care providers, coordination of care, continuity of care, communication among staff, and the need for regular staff), staff-level quality indicators (minimal staff turnover, implementation of clinical and treatment guidelines, staff behavior, and regular training of staff), community-level quality indicators (comprehensiveness of support services, the level of community's understanding of mental health, involvement of local communities, and employment rates of people with mental health disorders), and structural-level quality indicators (physical facilities and their conditions, the availability of specialized treatments, and having a diverse range of services).</p><p><p><b>Conclusions and Relevance:</b> The findings highlight the importance of assessing and improving the quality of mental health services. A thorough evaluation requires a multilevel strategy that considers various indicators, including community, staff, patient, and structural factors. By addressing these diverse variables, mental health services can enhance the quality of care provided, ultimately improving the mental health outcomes of the populations they serve.</p><p><p><i>Prim Care Companion CNS Disord 2025;27(2):24r03859</i>.</p><p><p>\u0000 <i>Author affiliations are listed at the end of this article.</i>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":22814,"journal":{"name":"The primary care companion for CNS disorders","volume":"27 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144038973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is My Patient Diverting Their Lorazepam?","authors":"Sacha Uljon, M Lauren Donnelly-Morell, Nicole Tolan, Stacy Melanson","doi":"10.4088/PCC.24cr03889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4088/PCC.24cr03889","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22814,"journal":{"name":"The primary care companion for CNS disorders","volume":"27 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144027419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitigation of Anxiety, Agitation, and Pain in Critically Ill Patients.","authors":"Matthew G Gunther, Ewa D Bieber, Melissa Bui, Jonathan deVries, Joseph D Dragonetti, Jihoon Ha, Jordan Rosen, Jose R Maldonado, Theodore A Stern","doi":"10.4088/PCC.24f03873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4088/PCC.24f03873","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Psychiatric Consultation Service at Massachusetts General Hospital sees medical and surgical inpatients with comorbid psychiatric symptoms and conditions. During their twice-weekly rounds, Dr Stern and other members of the Consultation Service discuss diagnosis and management of hospitalized patients with complex medical or surgical problems who also demonstrate psychiatric symptoms or conditions. These discussions have given rise to rounds reports that will prove useful for clinicians practicing at the interface of medicine and psychiatry.</p><p><p><i>Prim Care Companion CNS Disord 2025;27(2):24f03873</i>.</p><p><p>\u0000 <i>Author affiliations are listed at the end of this article.</i>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":22814,"journal":{"name":"The primary care companion for CNS disorders","volume":"27 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144035628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exercise Therapies for Fibromyalgia Pain Catastrophizing: A Systematic Review and Comparative Analysis.","authors":"Brandon Goodwin, Danyaal Khan, Aarti Mehta, Hanna Brancaccio, Maithri Goud, David Rubin, Nicholas Eltman, Sanjana Davuluri, David Lo, Alexander King","doi":"10.4088/PCC.24r03817","DOIUrl":"10.4088/PCC.24r03817","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To investigate the impact of various exercise modalities on the mitigation of pain catastrophizing in patients with fibromyalgia.</p><p><p><b>Data Sources:</b> A systematic review with comparative analysis was conducted on May 22, 2024, utilizing Embase, PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science.</p><p><p><b>Study Selection:</b> The search resulted in 350 articles, of which 190 were duplicates. After duplicate removal, title and abstract appraisal was conducted followed by full-text appraisal. A total of 9 articles fit the inclusion/exclusion criteria.</p><p><p><b>Data Extraction:</b> Usable statistics and relevant data points were extracted. Outcomes of interest were pain catastrophizing scores. The duration of treatment protocol and the number of exercise sessions per week were also extracted.</p><p><p><b>Results:</b> Exercise intervention of any type showed a moderate impact on pain catastrophizing (<i>d</i> =0.58; 95% CI, 0.16-1.01; <i>P</i> < .01). Subgroup analysis showed varying effects. Yoga was not statistically significant but was the most clinically effective (<i>d</i> = 1.1; 95% CI, -0.48 to 2.69; <i>P</i> = .172). Pilates did not clinically or statistically reduce pain catastrophizing (<i>d</i> = 0.108; 95% CI, -0.522 to 0.738; <i>P</i> = .737). Resistance training, mixed aerobic-resistance exercise, aquatic therapy/exercise, and aerobic only all denoted a degree of clinically significant effectiveness (<i>d</i> = 0.559, 0.526, 0.548, and 0.226, respectively). Only mixed aerobic resistance training was significant (<i>P</i> = .046).</p><p><p><b>Conclusions:</b> Exercise in general is a moderately effective treatment option to mitigate pain catastrophizing, although various treatment modalities may prove more practical than others due to their nature. High-effort, high intensity modalities may be less effective (Pilates) as lower-intensity modalities (aquatic therapy). Yoga, having the highest effect size, was the only modality which focuses on physical exercise as well as meditation and spirituality. More randomized trials are needed to further clarify the importance of mindfulness, spirituality, and meditation in combination with physical exercise for fibromyalgia patients who catastrophize.</p><p><p><i>Prim Care Companion CNS Disord 2025;27(2):24r03817</i>.</p><p><p>\u0000 <i>Author affiliations are listed at the end of this article.</i>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":22814,"journal":{"name":"The primary care companion for CNS disorders","volume":"27 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First-Episode Psychosis and Cushing Syndrome.","authors":"Matthew Gunther, Shixie Jiang","doi":"10.4088/PCC.24cr03886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4088/PCC.24cr03886","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22814,"journal":{"name":"The primary care companion for CNS disorders","volume":"27 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Pregnancy-Related Anxiety With Perceived Social Support: An Observational Study Among Third-Trimester Antenatal Women.","authors":"Isha Kaur Arora, Pratibha Gehlawat, Tanu Gupta, Charu Sharma, Navratan Suthar, Pratibha Singh, Akhil Danesh Goel","doi":"10.4088/PCC.24m03833","DOIUrl":"10.4088/PCC.24m03833","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To assess the relationship of perceived social support and pregnancy related anxiety (PRA) among third trimester pregnant women.</p><p><p><b>Methods:</b> This was a cross-sectional observational study. The data were collected from July 2021 to March 2022. Study participants included a total of 124 antenatal women who were in their third trimester. PRA was assessed with the Perinatal Anxiety Screening Scale and Pregnancy Anxiety Questionnaire Revised 2. Perceived social support was measured using the Multidimensional Scale for Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). Adequate statistical analysis was done.</p><p><p><b>Results:</b> Frequency of PRA in the study population was 40.3%. The total MSPSS scores and all its domains were significantly lower in the anxious group (total: <i>P</i> = .002, significant other: <i>P</i> = .006, family: <i>P</i> = .031, and friends: <i>P</i> = .004). PRA was significantly associated with lower perceived social support (<i>P</i>= .002), higher education level (<i>P</i>= .028), and higher number of antenatal visits (<i>P</i>= .031).</p><p><p><b>Conclusion:</b> Late-pregnancy anxiety is linked to perceived social support, and specific PRA themes (delivery, body shape, and child health) correlate with distinct perceived social support domains.</p><p><p><i>Prim Care Companion CNS Disord 2025;27(2):24m03833</i>.</p><p><p>\u0000 <i>Author affiliations are listed at the end of this article.</i>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":22814,"journal":{"name":"The primary care companion for CNS disorders","volume":"27 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143670688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychotic Possession State and Cultural Beliefs: A Case Report on the Role of Jinn in Thought Broadcasting.","authors":"N A Uvais","doi":"10.4088/PCC.24cr03820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4088/PCC.24cr03820","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22814,"journal":{"name":"The primary care companion for CNS disorders","volume":"27 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143670756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}