The primary care companion for CNS disorders最新文献

{"title":"The Role of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists in Alcohol Use Disorder.","authors":"Sadaf Khan, Pavani Sayana, Sarah Waseem, Olu-Lawal Oluwanifesimi, Garima Yadav, Zeeshan Mansuri, Shailesh Jain","doi":"10.4088/PCC.24nr03855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4088/PCC.24nr03855","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Importance:</b> Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a critical health condition that increases the risk of a variety of social and physical health impairments. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are potentially effective in reward system-related disorders. The use of GLP-1 receptor agonists has been shown to decrease overall consumption of alcohol in AUD in addition to managing obesity and weight loss. The main objective of this narrative review was to examine the potential benefits, dosages, and mechanisms of GLP-1 receptor agonists on alcohol consumption and how they can potentially modify alcohol-seeking behavior.</p><p><p><b>Observations:</b> The principal observation included the effect of GLP-1 receptor agonists on the mesolimbic pathways in the central nervous system, the central amygdala, and the GABAergic neurons in the central nervous system. Current research also focuses on the use of GLP-1 receptor agonists in improving glycemic control and reduction of obesity.</p><p><p><b>Conclusions and Relevance:</b> Clinically, GLP-1 receptor agonists can be potentially used as an adjunct to the treatment of AUD in patients with a body mass index >30 kg/m² and in those with AUD who have coexisting diabetes mellitus. As decreasing glucose levels and alcohol-seeking behavior are 2 dual effects of the GLP-1 receptor agonists, the dosage can be adjusted accordingly to achieve the desired benefits while reducing the potential side effects of the drug class.</p><p><p><i>Prim Care Companion CNS Disord 2025;27(3):24nr03855</i>.</p><p><p>\u0000 <i>Author affiliations are listed at the end of this article.</i>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":22814,"journal":{"name":"The primary care companion for CNS disorders","volume":"27 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144112006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Associated With Absconding During Inpatient Care From a Psychiatric Center: A Retrospective Observational Study.","authors":"Vikas Kumar, Lalit Batra, Sunil Sharma","doi":"10.4088/PCC.24m03893","DOIUrl":"10.4088/PCC.24m03893","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> <i>Absconding</i>, defined as a patient leaving a hospital or medical facility without permission or.authorization, is a significant concern in psychiatric care, with rates varying across studies. Previous research has identified several factors-such as age, sex, diagnosis, and the treatment environment-that may contribute to the risk of absconding. This study aimed to identify the risk factors associated with absconding incidents and compare them with a matched control group.</p><p><p><b>Methods:</b> A retrospective observational study was conducted at a psychiatric center in Jaipur, India, from January .2020 to December 2023. The study included 573 patients who .absconded, matched with 573 controls. Data were collected through chart reviews, focusing on .sociodemographic characteristics, clinical profiles, and mental status examination findings.</p><p><p><b>Results:</b> The absconding rate was 11.54% (573 of 4,962 admissions). Most absconding patients were young males, with a mean stay of 4.07 days before absconding. Significant differences were found in affect (irritable or euphoric), perceptual abnormalities, and judgment. Absconding incidents were most frequent between 2:00 PM and 8:00 PM, and 10% of patients had a history of previous absconding. The duration of hospitalization was significantly shorter for absconders compared to controls.</p><p><p><b>Conclusion:</b> The study found that absconding patients were primarily young males with irritable or euphoric affect, impaired judgment, and shorter hospital stays. These findings highlight the importance of early risk identification, increased supervision during high-risk periods, and tailored interventions addressing clinical and organizational factors associated with absconding.</p><p><p><i>Prim Care Companion CNS Disord</i> <i>2025;27(3):24m03893</i>.</p><p><p>\u0000 <i>Author affiliations are listed at the end of this article.</i>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":22814,"journal":{"name":"The primary care companion for CNS disorders","volume":"27 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144111997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal Variations of Australian Medicare-Reimbursed Psychiatric Consultations Between 2016 and 2023: A Time Series Analysis.","authors":"Luke Sy-Cherng Woon, David Smith, David F Della, Jeffrey C L, Tarun Bastiampillai","doi":"10.4088/PCC.24m03898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4088/PCC.24m03898","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> In Australia, subsidized psychiatric consultation items in the Medicare Benefits Schedule (MBS) provide essential private psychiatric services. Seasonality in service utilization may affect health care planning. This study examined the seasonal patterns of overall MBS psychiatric consultations and MBS telehealth psychiatric consultations in pre- and postpandemic periods.</p><p><p><b>Methods:</b> Medicare Item Reports for face to-face and telehealth psychiatric items from 2016 to 2023 were retrieved and compiled. The quarterly time series for total (face-to-face and telehealth) and telehealth psychiatric consultations were analyzed descriptively, using the January-March quarter as the baseline. Linear regression analyses were performed to detect significant seasonal variations by gender and age groups. A sensitivity analysis of the impact of the post-COVID-19 increase in consultations on seasonality was also conducted.</p><p><p><b>Results:</b> A seasonal pattern was present for total consultations before and after the expansion of telehealth items in the first quarter of 2020. There were peaks in psychiatric consultations in July-September and troughs in January-March, except in patients ≥65 years old. Total consultations were significantly higher in April-June (<i>P</i> = .010) and July-September (<i>P</i> < .001) than in January-March. Seasonal variations were the largest among young patients aged 0-24 years. Seasonality was mostly unaffected by the increase in psychiatric consultations postpandemic. However, seasonality was absent for telehealth consultations.</p><p><p><b>Conclusion:</b> The seasonality of MBS psychiatric consultations, which was more prominent in young people, may have a practical impact on psychiatric service planning. The lack of seasonal variation in telehealth consultations and its relationship to emergency presentations warrant further research.</p><p><p><i>Prim Care Companion CNS Disord 2025;27(3):24m03898</i>.</p><p><p>\u0000 <i>Author affiliations are listed at the end of this article.</i>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":22814,"journal":{"name":"The primary care companion for CNS disorders","volume":"27 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144062281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Sequelae of Adverse Childhood Experiences: Screening and Management.","authors":"Sofia E Matta, Joseph L Bonvie, Olga Terechin, Michalla Braford, Daniel R Fisher, Mara Joy, Theodore A Stern","doi":"10.4088/PCC.24f03894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4088/PCC.24f03894","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Psychiatric Consultation Service at Massachusetts General Hospital sees medical and surgical inpatients with comorbid psychiatric symptoms and conditions. During their twice-weekly rounds, Dr Stern and other members of the Consultation Service discuss the diagnosis and management of hospitalized patients with complex medical or surgical problems who also demonstrate psychiatric symptoms or conditions. These discussions have given rise to rounds reports that will prove useful for clinicians practicing at the interface of medicine and psychiatry.</p><p><p><i>Prim Care Companion CNS Disord 2025;27(3):24f03894</i>.</p><p><p>\u0000 <i>Author affiliations are listed at the end of this article.</i>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":22814,"journal":{"name":"The primary care companion for CNS disorders","volume":"27 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144049159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pirfenidone-Induced Fear of Forgetting: A Rare Association in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.","authors":"Mankaran Singh, Simran Chowdhry, Shobit Garg, M Aleem Siddique, Jagdish Rawat","doi":"10.4088/PCC.24cr03883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4088/PCC.24cr03883","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22814,"journal":{"name":"The primary care companion for CNS disorders","volume":"27 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143987963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduction in Emergency Visits With Risperidone Long-Acting Injection in a Patient With Autism Spectrum and Borderline Personality Disorders.","authors":"Ansley E Battle, Amre A Elmaoued","doi":"10.4088/PCC.24cr03906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4088/PCC.24cr03906","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22814,"journal":{"name":"The primary care companion for CNS disorders","volume":"27 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144000466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delusions of Parasitosis With Extended-Release Methylphenidate in an Elderly Woman.","authors":"Zeba Hasan Hafeez","doi":"10.4088/PCC.24cr03880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4088/PCC.24cr03880","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22814,"journal":{"name":"The primary care companion for CNS disorders","volume":"27 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144035791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Atypical Neuropsychiatric Presentation of Borderline Vitamin B12 Deficiency.","authors":"Vincent Zhang, Mallissa Vuong, Anoshia Khan, Mingzhuo Pei, Eric Rutkowski","doi":"10.4088/PCC.24cr03858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4088/PCC.24cr03858","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22814,"journal":{"name":"The primary care companion for CNS disorders","volume":"27 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143987206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shock Anxiety After Electrical Storm Ventricular Tachyarrhythmias Treated With Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy.","authors":"David R Spiegel, Alexander Eckstrom","doi":"10.4088/PCC.24cr03869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4088/PCC.24cr03869","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22814,"journal":{"name":"The primary care companion for CNS disorders","volume":"27 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144050104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Secondary Delusional Infestation in a Male With a History of Polysubstance Use.","authors":"Julio Torales, Diana Kunihiro, Nicolás López, Osvaldo Melgarejo, Marcelo O'Higgins, Iván Barrios","doi":"10.4088/PCC.24cr03887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4088/PCC.24cr03887","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22814,"journal":{"name":"The primary care companion for CNS disorders","volume":"27 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144050103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}