Plant, Cell & Environment最新文献

{"title":"CRINKLY4: Multifaceted Roles Beyond Epidermal Cell Differentiation in Plant Development?","authors":"Xin-Ge Zhao, Ying Sun, Cui-Xia Pu","doi":"10.1111/pce.70159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.70159","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Receptor-like kinases (RLKs) play essential roles in plant growth and development. CRINKLY4 (CR4), one of the first reported RLKs in plants, is a well-known regulator of epidermal cell differentiation during leaf and seed development in maize. Within the last four decades, the functional landscape of CR4 has emerged across diverse developmental contexts and species, including dicots (e.g., Arabidopsis Thaliana), monocots (e.g., Oryza sativa and Zea mays), and even moss (e.g., Physcomitrella patens). CR4 is currently considered to be a multifaced regulator of plant development beyond epidermal cell differentiation. In this review, we highlight the versatile roles of CR4 based on its expression and dynamic subcellular localisation patterns, we discuss the importance of its two extracellular domains and kinase activity for its functionality, and we summarise the CR4-mediated signalling pathways underlying columella stem cell differentiation, epidermal cell differentiation, and vascular bundle formation. Finally, we raise several open questions for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145013604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outside Front Cover Image","authors":"Yong Long,&nbsp;Yansheng Li,&nbsp;Jing Zhang,&nbsp;Jiaxuan Liu,&nbsp;Qingqing Han,&nbsp;Yingxue Cao,&nbsp;Yijia Jiang,&nbsp;Changkai Liu,&nbsp;Yanfeng Hu,&nbsp;Guanghua Wang,&nbsp;Xueyan Zhang,&nbsp;Jian Jin,&nbsp;Mikhail Semenov,&nbsp;Guanran Han,&nbsp;Xiaobing Liu,&nbsp;Zhenhua Yu","doi":"10.1111/pce.70170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.70170","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The cover image is based on the article <i>Unconventional Nitrogen Fixation and Adaptive Genomics of a New Neorhizobium glycines sp. nov., A Promising Soybean Symbiont</i> by Yong Long et al., https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.70046.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":"48 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/pce.70170","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145012514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The 'Green Code' in Fruit Cultivation: Research Progress and Prospects of Rootstock Control Tree Dwarfing.","authors":"Wei-Feng Ma, Zong-Huan Ma, Ying-Jun Hou, Shi-Xiong Lu, Guo-Ping Liang, Juan Mao, Bai-Hong Chen","doi":"10.1111/pce.70151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.70151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review discusses the research progress of regulating tree dwarfing in fruit tree rootstocks, including its definition, manifestation, mechanism and application of different rootstocks. Studies indicate that dwarfing rootstocks reduce vegetative growth while promoting reproductive growth. Compared with vigorous rootstocks, the contents of indole-3-acetic acid, cytokinin, and gibberellin in leaves is lower, while the content of abscisic acid is higher. In addition, root structure, water and nutrient absorption capacity, hormone level and gene expression of rootstocks also affect the dwarfing effect. It was also found that dwarfing rootstocks had strong environmental adaptability, which could improve the stress resistance and fruit quality of fruit trees.</p>","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145013608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"OsPIL1 Differentially Modulates Rice Blast Resistance Through Integrating Light or Darkness During Magnaporthe oryzae Infection.","authors":"Tianqi Zhao, Ping Tang, Rubin Zuo, Shumin Yang, Juye Tong, Runxue Xie, Liqing Yang, Jing Yang","doi":"10.1111/pce.70168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.70168","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Light and darkness are critical environmental factors that regulate plant immune responses. OsPIL1, a phytochrome-interacting factor-like protein, has been implicated in rice immunity against Magnaporthe oryzae, although its underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to dissect how OsPIL1 integrates light or darkness to modulate rice immunity. OsPIL1-overexpressing (OsPIL1 OE), Ospil1 knockout (ΔOspil1) and wild-type (WT) rice plants were pre-treated with light or darkness before inoculation. Blast disease symptoms, transcriptional changes in defence-related genes, and phytohormone levels were analysed to elucidate OsPIL1-associated defence responses. Transcriptomic (RNA-seq), proteomic (IP-MS) and protein interaction (Co-IP) analyses were employed to identify OsPIL1-regulated genes and interacting proteins. We found that light and darkness had contrasting effects on OsPIL1 OE plants. Darkness pre-treatment enhanced resistance in OsPIL1 OE plants, whereas light pre-treatment severely compromised it, exacerbating disease symptoms. Crucially, the ΔOspil1 ko plants exhibited increased susceptibility compared to WT, a phenotype that was significantly more pronounced under light, confirming that OsPIL1 functions as a negative regulator of immunity in a light-dependent manner. These phenotypes were correlated with corresponding changes in fungal colonisation, defence gene transcription and phytohormone profiles. RNA-seq analysis revealed differential expression of genes related to signalling pathways (kinases, phosphatases, transcription factors/repressors and ubiquitin-related proteins) under light and darkness in OsPIL1 OE plants. IP‒MS identified the cell wall invertase OsINV3 as a candidate interacting partner of OsPIL1, an interaction was confirmed via Co-IP assays. The results of functional assays suggest that this interaction contributes to resistance, potentially by modulating sugar signalling. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that OsPIL1 is a key signalling hub that negatively regulates rice immunity in the presence of light, with partial resistance retained in darkness through OsINV3 interaction. This study reveals a crucial light-dependent immune regulatory mechanism and offers potential targets for improving disease resistance in rice through molecular breeding or agronomic intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145013602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Boron Toxicity Modulates Hypocotyl Growth Through Brassinosteroid and Thermomorphogenic-Like Mechanisms.","authors":"Gabriel Rennato Hassinger-Lino, Luis Bolaños, José María García-Mina, Ángel María Zamarreño, Cristina Nieto, María Reguera","doi":"10.1111/pce.70173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.70173","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Boron toxicity (BT) is a significant environmental stressor that negatively affects plant development, yet its molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Interestingly, certain toxic concentrations of boron trigger hypocotyl elongation, suggesting a complex hormonal response. In this study, we focus on the role of brassinosteroids (BRs) in mediating this atypical growth. Our findings demonstrate that BT stimulates BR biosynthesis while simultaneously suppressing its inactivation, resulting in sustained BR activity throughout seedling development. Furthermore, we provide evidence that BT disrupts the normal BR negative feedback regulation, potentially converting it into a positive feedback mechanism that amplifies the elongation response. We also show that this response shares mechanistic similarities with thermomorphogenesis, particularly in its reliance on COP1, PIF4, and BR signalling pathways. Loss-of-function mutants of COP1 and PIF4 exhibited reduced hypocotyl elongation, underscoring their essential roles in this process. Although further research is needed to fully clarify the molecular details, our work reveals a previously unrecognised connection between BT responses and thermomorphogenic growth. We also propose a working model to better understand how BR signalling contributes to plant adaptation under BT stress conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144999297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tomato Roots Exhibit Development-Specific Responses to Bacterial-Derived Peptides.","authors":"Rebecca Leuschen-Kohl, Robyn Roberts, Danielle M Stevens, Ning Zhang, Silas Buchanan, Brooke Pilkey, Gitta Coaker, Anjali S Iyer-Pascuzzi","doi":"10.1111/pce.70164","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pce.70164","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To combat soilborne pathogens, roots activate pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) through pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) that recognise microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs). Root PTI pathways can differ from their above-ground counterparts and have been well-characterised in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana but are not well-defined in crops. Gene repurposing coupled with differences in root tissues and root architecture in tomato species (Solanum lycopersicum and S. pimpinellifolium) led us to hypothesise that signalling pathways of Solanaceous-specific PRRs diverge from canonical pathways. The objective of this study was to characterise PTI signalling pathways and responses (ROS, MAPK, gene expression, and growth inhibition) in roots of wild and domesticated tomatoes downstream of three immune receptors: the well-conserved SlFLS2 and the Solanaeceous-specific FLS3 and CORE. We find that Solanum root PTI responses are concentrated in early differentiating root regions compared to late differentiating regions or whole roots, and that FLS3 and CORE signalling pathways are overlapping but distinct from each other and from FLS2. Although the early differentiating root region had strong PTI responses across Solanum cultivars and species, different genetic backgrounds varied in their response dynamics. Our results underscore the complexity of PTI signalling across species and highlight the developmental-stage specificity of tomato root immunity.</p>","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144999375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"¹⁴C-Age of Carbon Used to Grow Fine Roots Reflects Tree Carbon Status.","authors":"Boaz Hilman, Emily F Solly, Frank Hagedorn, Iris Kuhlman, David Herrera-Ramírez, Susan Trumbore","doi":"10.1111/pce.70154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.70154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The time elapsed between carbon fixation into nonstructural carbohydrates (NSC) and their use to grow tree structural tissues can be estimated by ¹⁴C ages. Reported ¹⁴C-ages indicate that NSC used to grow root tissues (growth NSC) can vary from < 1 year to decades. To understand the controls of this variability, we compared ¹⁴C-ages of leaf, branch, and root tissues from two conifers (Larix decidua, Pinus mugo) in a control valley site and an alpine treeline ecotone where low temperatures restrict tree growth. Our results of increasing respiration rate and NSC concentration with ecotone elevation suggest an excess of C assimilation over growth and an increase in fresh NSC supply. Greater flow of fresh NSC through needles and branches could explain their young growth NSC (< 2 years). A smaller inflow of fresh NSC into roots could explain older growth NSC ages, which increased from 2 to 10 years from the valley to the bottom of the ecotone, and then declined to 6 years at the ecotone top. Rather than species differences that were small, environmental conditions over years appear to be the primary driver of C allocation dynamics, which are reflected in the ¹⁴C-ages of fine roots.</p>","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144999343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Impact of Elevated CO₂ on Biomass Accumulation and Mineral Concentration in Foliar and Edible Tissues in Soybeans.","authors":"Ravneet Kaur, Mary Durstock, Stephen A Prior, G Brett Runion, Elizabeth A Ainsworth, Ivan Baxter, Alvaro Sanz-Sáez, Courtney P Leisner","doi":"10.1111/pce.70141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.70141","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂) levels are expected to enhance biomass and yield in C₃ crops. However, these benefits are accompanied by significant reductions in the concentrations of essential nutrients in both foliar and edible tissues, posing potential global nutritional challenges. In this study, we grew three soybean cultivars (Clark, Flyer, and Loda) in ambient ( ~ 438 ppm) and elevated CO₂ ( ~ 650 ppm) conditions using open top chambers and measured changes in leaf-level physiological responses, biomass accumulation, and nutrient concentrations across developmental stages. Elevated CO₂ increased carbon assimilation and decreased stomatal conductance, which led to an increase in seed yield, while root biomass remained unchanged. Seed nutrient concentrations, particularly iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), boron (B), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and magnesium (Mg), decreased at maturity. We hypothesize that reductions in seed mineral concentration resulted from enhanced carbon assimilation and biomass accumulation without a concomitant response in root biomass and nutrient uptake. This constrained the plant's ability to maintain nutrient status with increased yield at elevated CO₂, and this response was conserved across the cultivars included in this study. Future work is needed to further understand the molecular mechanisms associated with these physiological responses at elevated CO₂ in soybean.</p>","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144991130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding Xylem Development in Flowering Plants: Insights From Single-Cell Transcriptomics.","authors":"Jhong-He Yu, Jo-Wei Allison Hsieh, Zhifeng Wang, Jia Wei, Quanzi Li, Ying-Lan Chen, Ying-Chung Jimmy Lin","doi":"10.1111/pce.70169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.70169","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has emerged as a transformative tool for decoding plant development, particularly in elucidating xylem differentiation. By capturing transcriptomic changes at single-cell resolution, scRNA-seq enables reconstruction of developmental trajectories across diverse plant tissues. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the application of scRNA-seq to study both primary and secondary xylem development in monocots and eudicots. These studies have revealed distinct xylem cell types, including vessel elements, libriform fibers, and ray parenchyma cells, and provided insight into their lineage relationships. We also highlight key technical and analytical challenges that limit cross-study comparisons, including inconsistent bioinformatic pipelines, variability in protoplasting efficiency, and the use of potentially misannotated marker genes. To address these limitations, we discuss the integration of in situ transcriptomic profiling using laser microdissection, which provides more accurate cell-type annotation and supports the current best working model of xylem developmental lineages. Finally, we suggest future directions for improving xylem developmental studies, including deeper integration of spatial and single-cell technologies to overcome current limitations in resolving lignified tissues and to better understand xylem responses to environmental perturbations.</p>","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144990988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The LsBAHD3-LsAAE3 Module Catalyses Biosynthesis of β-N-Oxalyl-L-α,β-Diaminopropionic Acid in Lathyrus sativus and Pisum sativum.","authors":"Ying Zhang, Yaoyao Song, Tianxue Shang, Yanni Tang, Hong Chen, Hao Ma, Xueping Zhang, Zhibo Miao, Baoqiong Lan, Lei Wang, Ning Cao, Xiaoning Liu, Zhenfeng An, Rongfang Lian, Tao Yang, Peng Chen, Chengjin Jiao, Quanle Xu","doi":"10.1111/pce.70167","DOIUrl":"10.1111/pce.70167","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The neuroactive β-N-oxalyl-L-α,β-diaminopropionic acid (β-ODAP) was first identified in Lathyrus sativus and present also in several Chinese traditional herbs including Panax notoginseng. It exhibit toxicological effects as the causative agent of neurolathyrism when L. sativus was over-consumed under drought-triggered famines or pharmacological effects including neuroprotection and wound healing. Determinating of β-ODAP synthetase (BOS) will accelerate plant improvement and utilisation of those species containing β-ODAP. In this report, trace level of β-ODAP was confirmed in several cultivars of Pisum sativum, a close relative of L. sativus. Functions of LsBAHD3 and LsAAE3 were investigated via its transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana, in vitro enzymatic activity assay and overexpression in hairy roots of L. sativus and P. sativum, etc. The results suggested that LsBAHD3 act as BOS, while LsAAE3 function as oxalyl-CoA synthetase to catalyse/promote β-ODAP biosynthesis. Further comparison and verification of LsBAHD3-specific and LsAAE3-specific protein interactome suggested that the LsBAHD3-LsAAE3 module catalyses β-ODAP biosynthesis, and the ubiquitin/26S proteasome system is highly involved in the regulation of BOS and β-ODAP content and may be responsible for the different level of β-ODAP in L. sativus and P. sativum. These results provide valuable insight into the biochemical and genetic mechanisms of β-ODAP biosynthesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":222,"journal":{"name":"Plant, Cell & Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144937566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}