Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy最新文献

{"title":"Zinc-based oxides as alternative cheap and stable catalysts for the production of adipates from cyclopentanone and dimethyl carbonate","authors":"Gabriele Galletti ,&nbsp;Davide Allkanjari ,&nbsp;Alessandro Manna ,&nbsp;Elisa Valzano ,&nbsp;Lorenzo Monti ,&nbsp;Nikolaos Dimitratos ,&nbsp;Jacopo De Maron ,&nbsp;Fabrizio Cavani ,&nbsp;Tommaso Tabanelli","doi":"10.1016/j.scp.2025.102018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scp.2025.102018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Developing sustainable catalytic processes for specialty monomers is essential for advancing a renewable-based economy. Adipic acid esters, such as dimethyl adipate (DMA), are key intermediates in polyester and polyamide production and can be synthesized with complete atom economy (100 %) through the reaction of bio-based cyclopentanone (CPO) with dimethyl carbonate (DMC) or other CO₂-derived carbonates. This study evaluates, for the first time, the catalytic performance of ZnO and Zn/Mg mixed oxides for this transformation. ZnO exhibited superior selectivity for DMA (53 %), compared to conventional MgO and CeO₂ catalysts by effectively suppressing heavy by-product formation, thereby inhibiting CPO self-aldol condensation. This suppression minimizes catalyst fouling, allowing ZnO to be easily and readily recovered and reused without significant loss of activity. In contrast, Zn/Mg/O mixed oxides enhanced reaction rates but led to lower selectivity, primarily producing branched methylated adipates, which could serve as alternative polymer precursors. Optimization of catalyst composition and reaction conditions was critical for maximizing diester yields in this one-pot transformation, selectivity producing DMA over ZnO (up to 48 % yield after 7 h of reaction) or DMA and methylated DMAs (with yields higher than 40 % after 3 h of reaction in the presence of Zn/Mg/O). However, dedicated studies on the β-keto-ester intermediate revealed that methanol availability over the catalytic surface at the temperature required for the “one-pot” process (i.e. 260 °C) is a limiting factor. This constraint can reduce DMA yield and productivity due to the unselective decomposition of the intermediate, highlighting an area for further process refinement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22138,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 102018"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on mechanical properties, hydration mechanism and carbon emission of phosphogypsum-based sustainable cementitious materials","authors":"YuHua Xia ,&nbsp;Liang Tang ,&nbsp;ZhaoYi He ,&nbsp;JiaXuan Tang ,&nbsp;JiaHao Yu ,&nbsp;DongWei Cao ,&nbsp;Dingbang Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.scp.2025.102016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scp.2025.102016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The excessive stockpiling of phosphogypsum (PG), rich in sulfates, phosphorus, fluorine, and heavy metals, threatens environmental safety if not properly handled. To address this issue, this study developed PG-based sustainable cementitious materials using PG, GBFS, NaOH, and Na₂SO₄. Analytical techniques such as XRD, SEM, and ICP-MS were employed to investigate its strength development mechanisms, hydration characteristics, microstructure, and leaching toxicity. The utilization rate of phosphogypsum is expected to reach 50 %, and the compressive strength is anticipated to exceed 40 MPa. The findings demonstrate that the optimal formulation for cementitious materials consists of 50 % PG, 47 % GBFS, 3 % NaOH and 3 % Na₂SO₄ (external). The compressive strengths at 3, 7, and 28 days are 2.27, 20.46, and 43.54 MPa, respectively, with a PG utilization efficiency of 50 %. An increase in PG content extends the second exothermic peak of the cementitious materials system. Concurrently, NaOH accelerates the hydration process, partially shortening the induction period and promoting the formation of hydration products such as AFt, and C–S–H, thereby enhancing the strength of the cementitious materials. In addition, the leaching concentrations of F- and PO₄³- in PG were 148.23 mg/L and 298.24 mg/L, respectively, which were reduced to 2.364–4.410 mg/L and 0.052–0.220 mg/L in cementitious materials, respectively, and the other pollutants were below the limits specified in the relevant standards. The use of PG-based sustainable cementitious materials significantly reduces the carbon emission index. Under the optimized proportioning, the carbon emission per unit is reduced to 46.8995 kg/m³, which is 394.1005 kg/m³ less than that of ordinary silicate cement, with obvious advantages in energy saving and emission reduction. Due to the presence of gypsum and AFt, phosphogypsum sustainable cementitious material systems have lower shrinkage compared to cement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22138,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 102016"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New hyper-crosslinked polymers for enhanced CO2 adsorption: Synthesis and characterization","authors":"Kutalmis Gokkus","doi":"10.1016/j.scp.2025.102015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scp.2025.102015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, new hyper-crosslinked polymers (HCPs) were synthesized with 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) and <em>p</em>-naphtholbenzeine (NB) with different ratios of 4,4′-bis(chloromethyl)-1,1′-biphenyl (BCMBP) through the Fridel-Crafts (FC) method. The polymers were thoroughly characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and x-ray diffraction (XRD) confirming the successful synthesis of HCP-PTCDAs and hyper crosslinked p-naphtholbenzein polymers (HCP-NBs). BET analysis revealed that the maximum surface areas of HCP-PTCDA and HCP-NB were 962 m² g⁻¹ and 665.4 m² g⁻¹, respectively. The maximum pore volumes of HCP-PTCDA and HCP-NB were 1.26 cm³ g⁻¹ and 1.90 cm³ g⁻¹, respectively. The enhanced surface area and pore volume of HCP-PTCDAs were attributed to the lack of conformational changes in PTCDA during synthesis. The maximum CO₂ adsorption capacities of the two polymers were obtained with HCP-PTCDA/20 and HCP-NB/5 (at 273 K and 1 bar: 2.75 mmol g⁻¹ and 3.28 mmol g⁻¹, respectively). Although the surface area of HCP-NB/5 was three times lower than HCP-PTCDA/20, it showed higher CO₂ adsorption performance. Accordingly, these results revealed that pore volume and size distribution were one of the most determining parameters in CO₂ adsorption. Compared with the literature, the improved CO₂ adsorption performance, especially that of HCP-NB/5, showed that these polymers had relatively high potential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22138,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 102015"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143786056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-value use of whole plants of Eupatorium Adenophora Spreng for aluminium in hydrochloric acid anti-corrosion","authors":"Yun Gao ,&nbsp;Ping Zhu ,&nbsp;Xianghong Li ,&nbsp;Liqing Tang ,&nbsp;Yongqiang Chen ,&nbsp;Yi Zhang ,&nbsp;Juan Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.scp.2025.102008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scp.2025.102008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The differences in corrosion inhibition properties and adsorption mechanisms of Eupatorium Adenophorum Spreng leaves (EASLE), stems (EASSE) and root extracts (EASRE) prepared by thermal reflux method on aluminum in 1.0 M HCl solution were investigated. Findings illustrated that all three extracts demonstrated excellent corrosion inhibition, and 1.0 g/L EASLE had the most excellent performance (<em>η</em>_w as high as 98.43 %). The electrochemical reaction adhered to the ‘geometric coverage effect’, where the addition of the inhibitors increases the charge transfer resistance by eightfold, thereby suppressing the corrosion reaction. The presence of elements and functional groups (O–H, C<img>O, C<img>C, etc.) related to the extracts on the aluminum surface was detected by FTIR and XPS, confirming the adsorption of the extracts. All three extracts contained terpenoids, alkaloids, and other active substances, but the relative content varied significantly. LC-MS analysis revealed that the superior corrosion inhibition performance of EASLE is attributed to the higher relative content of active components, Coumarin and Erucamide. Experiments on single chemical components containing O heteroatoms showed lower corrosion inhibition efficiency (20 %–65 %) compared to the extracts. Theoretical calculations pointed out from the molecular level that the active sites of the compounds are predominantly concentrated in O–H, C<img>O, further suggesting that the significant corrosion inhibition performance of the extracts results from the synergistic effects of multiple components. This study broadens the high-value utilization of Eupatorium Adenophorum Spreng and provides a theoretical basis for its extracts as a greener and more efficient inhibitor of aluminum in acidic media.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22138,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 102008"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143786055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the potential of mealworm chitosan for hemodialysis applications","authors":"Maria Martingo,&nbsp;Sara Baptista-Silva,&nbsp;Raquel Mesquita,&nbsp;João Paulo Ferreira,&nbsp;Sandra Borges,&nbsp;Manuela Pintado","doi":"10.1016/j.scp.2025.102013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scp.2025.102013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces a sustainable and efficient alternative to traditional chitosan sources derived from crustaceans, exploring the extraction and application of insect-derived chitosan from <em>Tenebrio molitor</em> for hemodialysis (HD) membranes design.</div><div>Efficient extraction and deacetylation methods were tested and developed between 6 h and 12 h to obtain chitosan. Chitin was isolated from <em>T. molitor</em> through deproteinization and demineralization, with yields of approximately 5 % (w/w). Chitosan was obtained from the extracted chitin resulting in yields of between 65.0 and 79.3 (w/w). Characterization using FTIR confirmed structural similarities with commercial chitosan and degrees of deacetylation in the 73–75 % range. The bioactive properties of chitosan obtained from <em>T. molitor</em>, including antimicrobial and antioxidant activities, were evaluated. All the microorganisms tested were inhibited, exhibiting minimum lethal concentrations between 2 and 8 mg/mL. In addition, chitosan showed antioxidant activity in the range of 60–65 μmol Trolox equivalent/g, suggesting its viability for various medical applications. This study additionally allowed the design of sustainable hybrid chitosan membrane (CH-M) tailored for HD applications. The permeation characteristics of CH-M for urea and albumin were studied in vitro to assess their suitability as HD membranes. Urea was permeable to values of over 70 % and albumin was retained. Also, cytotoxicity assays against L929 fibroblast cells demonstrated that the CH-M samples exhibit low metabolic inhibition (around 15 %) The application of CH-M in HD represents a significant advance, offering the potential for enhanced therapeutic outcomes for chronic kidney disease (CKD).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22138,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 102013"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143768159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green and efficient depolymerization and recycling of polyester/cotton blended fabrics by ethanolamine","authors":"Nana Liu,&nbsp;Jiayao Zhou,&nbsp;Ruotong Wang,&nbsp;Jingwen Zhang,&nbsp;Zihe Yang,&nbsp;Fei Tian,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Hu,&nbsp;Zhansheng Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.scp.2025.102011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scp.2025.102011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The improper treatment of waste polyester/cotton blended fabrics results in significant environmental pollution and resource wastage, and there is an urgent necessity to address the efficient treatment of waste polyester/cotton blended fabrics. The present study employs a more environmentally friendly, gentle, and energy-efficient approach to effectively separate and recycle waste polyester/cotton blended fabrics. Firstly, the waste polyester/cotton blended fabrics are swollen using acetic acid to increase the gaps of the polyester molecular chain to facilitate contact between the polyester and the depolymerization solvent. Then, the polyester of the polyester/cotton blended fabrics was efficient degraded by ethanolamine and the regenerated cotton fibers were separated after simple filtration. The effects of pretreatment condition, depolymerization temperature and time on the depolymerization efficiency of polyester under atmospheric pressure and catalyst-free conditions were investigated, and the regenerated cotton were characterized and compared with virgin cotton. Considering the comprehensive energy consumption and other factors, the optimal swelling conditions were 40 °C for 50 min. The optimal depolymerization conditions were 80 °C for 3 h, and the depolymerization rate of polyester reached 96.00 %. The chemical structure and crystal structure of regenerated cotton is comparable to that of virgin cotton, and the tensile properties are weakened by about 0.67 N. Polyester depolymerization product bis(2-hydroxyethyl)terephthalamide (BHETA) can be used as a precursor for foams and adhesives. The “polyester dissolution for cotton retention” technology enables high-added-value utilization of waste polyester/cotton blended fabrics. The wide application of this technology is of great significance to the economy, ecological and environmental protection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22138,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 102011"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143737781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clove essential oil-supported disposable in-tip cellulose paper (DICP) device for facile extraction of anesthetic drugs from postmortem samples: A white analytical toxicology (WAT) approach","authors":"Rajeev Jain ,&nbsp;Bhavana R. Shivankar ,&nbsp;Sailaja Krishnamurty ,&nbsp;Lateefa A. Al-Khateeb ,&nbsp;Sheetal ,&nbsp;Sarah Alharthi","doi":"10.1016/j.scp.2025.102010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scp.2025.102010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A novel disposable in-tip cellulose paper (DICP) device, enhanced with clove essential oil (CEO), was developed for the extraction of four anesthetic drugs (lidocaine, prilocaine, ropivacaine, and bupivacaine) from postmortem blood and urine samples. The DICP device, equipped with 1 × 3 cm CEO-impregnated cellulose paper (CP) strips (prepared via a simple dip-coating process), is attached to a 1000 μL micropipette. The findings from density functional theory (DFT) study reveals that CEO-impregnated cellulose demonstrates stronger and more diverse interactions with anesthetic drugs, as evidenced by more negative adsorption energy (−0.62 eV) and enhanced non-covalent interactions compared to cellulose alone. The procedure involves aspirating and dispensing diluted biological samples through the DICP device for 30 cycles, adsorbing the analytes onto the CEO-impregnated CP strips. The adsorbed analytes are subsequently eluted with 0.5 mL of ethyl acetate through 40 aspirating-dispensing cycles and analyzed by GC-MS. The method achieved limits of quantification as low as 0.01 μg/mL, with intra-day and inter-day precisions below 10.2 % and 14.6 %, respectively, and accuracy ranging from 90.5 % to 110.7 %. Relative recoveries ranged from 66 % to 87.6 %, while matrix effects remained consistently below 11.9 %. The DICP-GC-MS method demonstrated exceptional sustainability, achieving a whiteness score of 97.2 %, underscoring its alignment with green analytical chemistry principles and operational simplicity. Applicability was demonstrated through the successful analysis of postmortem cardiac blood in a suspected anesthetic drug overdose case, highlighting its potential as a robust, high-throughput, and eco-friendly approach for routine forensic toxicological screening.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22138,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 102010"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143725018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A sustainable approach to fertilizer management: Microwave-assisted synthesis of slow-release ammonium-natural clinoptilolite","authors":"Sasirot Khamkure ,&nbsp;Audberto Reyes-Rosas ,&nbsp;Alejandro Zermeño González ,&nbsp;Luis Samaniego-Moreno ,&nbsp;Prócoro Gamero-Melo","doi":"10.1016/j.scp.2025.102004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scp.2025.102004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chemical fertilizers are crucial for sustainable agriculture, but they present challenges such as low nutrient efficiency, groundwater contamination, and health risks. This study proposes a greenness method for synthesizing slow-release fertilizers using natural zeolite (NH₄-clinoptilolite). <strong>This study</strong> compared microwave-assisted synthesis of NH₄-zeolite A (hydrated ammonium aluminosilicate) with conventional methods to assess the impact of synthesis parameters like temperature, NH₄Cl content, and reaction time on material properties. Temperature variations between 140 and 160 °C showed no significant effect on NH₄⁺ (9.3–9.67 %) and Na (7.0–7.7 %) contents. However, NH₄Cl content and hydrothermal treating duration significantly influenced outcomes. The microwave method proved faster and more efficient, particularly at 150 °C for 7.5 min using 4.5 g of NH₄Cl. Both synthesized materials were characterized using XRD, SEM, and FTIR to analyze ammonium release kinetics affected by ionic strength and particle size. Microwave-assisted ion exchange was more effective for loading <span><math><mrow><msubsup><mrow><mi>N</mi><mi>H</mi></mrow><mn>4</mn><mo>+</mo></msubsup></mrow></math></span> than conventional methods requiring 2 h. The resulting zeolites A and clinoptilolite contained 10.86 % and 6.04 % <span><math><mrow><msubsup><mrow><mi>N</mi><mi>H</mi></mrow><mn>4</mn><mo>+</mo></msubsup></mrow></math></span>, respectively, with release kinetics evaluated across varying ionic strengths. Four mathematical models were tested, with the Elovich equation best describing the <span><math><mrow><msubsup><mrow><mi>N</mi><mi>H</mi></mrow><mn>4</mn><mo>+</mo></msubsup></mrow></math></span> release process; microwave-treated zeolites exhibited slower, more controlled release patterns than those treated with conventional methods. This enhanced retention positions them as promising slow-release fertilizers. Through innovative microwave-assisted functionalization of zeolites as a controlled-release nitrogen source, they could improve the efficiency of this and other nutrients while minimizing leaching and environmental pollution risks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22138,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 102004"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143715685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A state-of-the-art review on frost resistance of fiber-reinforced geopolymer composites","authors":"Peng Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhi Wen ,&nbsp;Xu Han ,&nbsp;Jinjun Guo ,&nbsp;Shaowei Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.scp.2025.102006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scp.2025.102006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Geopolymer represents a novel, environmentally sustainable cementing material. The adoption of geopolymers as a substitute for ordinal Portland cement facilitates the recycling of industrial solid waste. The high brittleness of geopolymers poses a significant limitation to their applications. Incorporating fibers is a common method for enhancing toughness and improving crack resistance of geopolymers. Research on fiber-reinforced geopolymer composites (FRGC) has achieved notable advancements in frost resistance. However, comprehensive summaries on the frost resistance of FRGC remain limited. In this work, the specific effects of steel fiber, polymer fiber, hybrid fiber and other fiber on mass loss, compressive strength loss, flexural strength loss, ultrasonic pulse velocity, and relative dynamic elastic modulus of geopolymers after freezing-thawing (F-T) cycles are briefly reviewed. The effect of fiber content, fiber type, and fiber size on frost resistance index was compared. Different fibers have different effects on geopolymers frost resistance indexes under different F-T cycles. Within a specific fiber content range, fibers positively influence the frost resistance of geopolymers. The uniform distribution of fibers is the key to improving the frost resistance of FRGC. The formation and growth of cracks are influenced by the bridging effect of fibers, which limits the penetration of free water and enhances frost resistance. Furthermore, this study utilizes VOSviewer software for visual analysis of the literature, identifying key factors influencing frost resistance and revealing trends and hotspots in the research field. The mechanism of FRGC subjected to F-T cycles was discussed and potential directions for future research on its frost resistance were outlined.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22138,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 102006"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143704728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organometal catalyst promoted Mechano-chemical depolymerization of post-consumer Polyethylene terephthalate to non-ortho phthalate plasticizer for PVC flexibility","authors":"Naresh Kathula ,&nbsp;Mekala Lokesh ,&nbsp;Mulla Abdul Mannan ,&nbsp;Chandan K. Munagala ,&nbsp;Alka Kumari ,&nbsp;Vineet Aniya","doi":"10.1016/j.scp.2025.102000","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scp.2025.102000","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plastic waste mismanagement poses a serious threat to the ecosystem and human beings. Depolymerization through Chemical recycling (Alcoholysis) is an emerging solution. Plastic waste particularly, PET has been depolymerized through an intensified reactor system to a non-ortho phthalate green plasticizer, dioctyl terephthalate (DOTP). Different catalysts were synthesized for effective conversion with butyl stannic acid (0.5 %) resulting in 100 % conversion and 90 % yield within 180 min at refluxing 2-ethyl hexanol conditions (185–190 °C) at 1:3 feed to solvent ratio. The intensified reactor configuration reduced the PET dissolution time to 30 min by overcoming the mass transfer limitations which otherwise take 120–180 min for reaction homogenization. Product purity, DOTP was characterized by ¹H NMR with an ester content of 99.20 % by mass, acid value 0.04 mg KOH/g, APHA (&lt;5 %), and refractive index of 1.5110. A side product, terephthalic acid was formed during the product purification steps and was purified using glacial acetic acid as recrystallization media. The synthesized DOTP is further tested as a plasticizer with PVC resins in different parts per hundred (phr) to break its interstrand-dipole and soften it for specific applications. The plasticized material shows better thermal stability and more flexibility than pure PVC with a maximum tensile strength of 18.74 ± 0.4155 MPa for 33.3 phr. This work provides a sustainable pathway from a linear to a circular economy using an organometal catalyst for PET depolymerization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22138,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 102000"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143697794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}