Guiomar Delgado Soria, María González, Miguel Luis Crespillo, Jesús Sánchez Prieto, Gastón García
{"title":"Quantification of secondary ion mass spectrometry measurements by using ion‐implanted metallic standards","authors":"Guiomar Delgado Soria, María González, Miguel Luis Crespillo, Jesús Sánchez Prieto, Gastón García","doi":"10.1002/sia.7298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sia.7298","url":null,"abstract":"This research addresses an analytical methodology to quantify elements of interest in fusion‐relevant materials using secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). For this purpose, internal standards have been fabricated by ion implantation to avoid the well‐known matrix effect of this technique. In particular, chromium has been implanted at an energy of 12 MeV using two fluences in high‐purity iron and tungsten matrices together with Si control substrates. The latter were applied to determine the Cr concentration implanted through experimental and semiempirical methods. Specifically, the IBA technique Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS) provided the quantitative results being 3.1 × 10<jats:sup>19</jats:sup> at/cm<jats:sup>3</jats:sup> and 1.6 × 10<jats:sup>19</jats:sup> at/cm<jats:sup>3</jats:sup> for the high and low dose, respectively. The SIMS depth profiles of Cr for the Fe and W matrices established an ion implantation depth close to 2 μm on both substrates in agreement with the calculations previously performed by Stopping and Range of Ions in Matter (SRIM) simulations. Correlation between the integration of SIMS profiles and known concentrations of the implanted ion resulted in the calibration curve for each matrix, obtaining the SIMS quantification approach by means of this relative sensitivity factor (RSF). Additionally, a cross‐check of the method by comparing commercial Fe‐Cr alloys with the Cr‐implanted Fe matrices of the present study pointed out the need to produce standards with higher chromium concentrations.","PeriodicalId":22062,"journal":{"name":"Surface and Interface Analysis","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140002928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tribological properties of Cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide modified CS as lubrication additive","authors":"Jing Li, Tianxia Liu, Jinyu Liu","doi":"10.1002/sia.7297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sia.7297","url":null,"abstract":"The coal indirect liquefied diesel soot (Coal-to-liquids diesel soot, CS) was collected by a self-made soot trapper. CS was modified with cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and named as CS-CTAB. The tribological properties of CS and CS-CTAB in 10<sup>#</sup>white oil(10<sup>#</sup>WO) were tested on a WTM-2E controlled atmosphere miniature friction and wear testing machine. The morphology, composition, and tribological mechanism of CS and modified CS-CTAB were studied by using TEM, XPS, XRD, Raman, and other instruments. The results showed that CS modified by CTAB is wrapped and entangled in long chains. Their main structure components are all amorphous carbon with a small amount of graphite crystallites. The addition of CS-CTAB (0.8 wt%) significantly reduces both AFC and wear rate, with reductions of 32.9% for AFC, and 65.6% for wear rate compared to no additive. The anti-friction and anti-wear effect of CS is greatly improved after being modified by CTAB. Mechanism analysis shows that CS as a lubricant additive, acts as a micro-bearing in the friction process and falls off under the action of shear force to generate an independent graphite sheet, thus forming a graphite protective film on the surface of 304 stainless steel plate. However, CS has the defects of low graphitization degree, large particle size, and easy agglomeration. During friction, uneven adsorption of CS on the surface can worsen wear. However, CTAB modification can improve dispersion stability in 10<sup>#</sup>WO and effectively reduce wear on the friction surface.","PeriodicalId":22062,"journal":{"name":"Surface and Interface Analysis","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139978954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Roberto Fantin, Ambroise Van Roekeghem, Jean-Pascal Rueff, Anass Benayad
{"title":"Surface analysis insight note: Accounting for X-ray beam damage effects in positive electrode-electrolyte interphase investigations","authors":"Roberto Fantin, Ambroise Van Roekeghem, Jean-Pascal Rueff, Anass Benayad","doi":"10.1002/sia.7294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sia.7294","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated the effects of X-ray beam damage during X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurement on LiNiO<sub>2</sub> electrodes. The degree of damage induced by lab-based and synchrotron X-ray radiation has been compared between pristine and cycled electrodes, highlighting the role of positive solid electrode–electrolyte interphase to protect the cycled LiNiO<sub>2</sub> surface from beam damage. The possible steps to avoid or at least reduce the beam-induced effects are outlined.","PeriodicalId":22062,"journal":{"name":"Surface and Interface Analysis","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139923928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multiple graphdiyne-like chains self-assemble into carbon nanotubes","authors":"Rui Wang, Houbo Yang, Danhui Zhang, Xuemei Sun, Dengbo Zhang, Jianhui Shi, Ruquan Liang, Anmin Liu","doi":"10.1002/sia.7295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sia.7295","url":null,"abstract":"The formation process of core–shell structure from multiple graphdiyne-like chains and carbon nanotube is investigated by a molecular dynamics simulation. Multiple graphdiyne-like chains self-curl into helical structures located inside carbon nanotubes. The entire process involves two steps: sliding and twisting. A detailed analysis is conducted on the formation mechanism. Both the van der Waals potential well and the π–π stacking interaction between carbon nanotube and graphdiyne-like chains play a major role in the self-assemble process. Furthermore, the influence factors such as the number of graphdiyne-like chains, the diameter of carbon nanotube, the length of carbon nanotube, the length of graphdiyne-like chains, and the simulation temperature is also investigated. The research results are an important theoretical basis for manufacturing high-quality carbon nanomaterials and other novel nanostructures.","PeriodicalId":22062,"journal":{"name":"Surface and Interface Analysis","volume":"15 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139923821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experimental determination of reference intensity ratio essential for accurate thickness measurement of HfO2 ultrathin films by XPS","authors":"Lulu Zhang, Yasushi Azuma, Akira Kurokawa, Hiroyuki Matsuzaki","doi":"10.1002/sia.7293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sia.7293","url":null,"abstract":"When measuring the thickness of ultrathin overlayer films using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), accurate values of the reference intensity ratio (<i>R</i><sub>0</sub>) and the effective attenuation length (<i>L</i>) are essential. By definition, <i>R</i><sub>0</sub> is the peak intensity ratio for an overlayer and the substrate in “bulk” phases. Two issues need to be addressed in experimental determining <i>R</i><sub>0</sub> for ultrathin films: (i) How might a contamination layer on the sample used for measuring peak intensities impact <i>R</i><sub>0</sub>? And (ii) do differences in the structure or chemistry of an ultrathin film make it inappropriate to determine <i>R</i><sub>0</sub> using bulk forms of the overlayer? In this study, we demonstrate the experimental determination of the <i>R</i><sub>0</sub> for an ultrathin HfO<sub>2</sub> film on a Si(100) substrate with a 2 nm SiO<sub>2</sub> layer. The values of <i>R</i><sub>0</sub> were determined using (i) the bulk materials of the HfO<sub>2</sub> film and substrate and (ii) the ultrathin HfO<sub>2</sub> films after different cleaning treatments. The results show that the <i>R</i><sub>0</sub> determined by the ultrathin films is higher than that determined by the bulk materials. Also, keeping the same level of carbonaceous contamination on the sample surface by cleaning as much as possible is essential for an accurate experimental determination of <i>R</i><sub>0</sub>. In addition, the effective attenuation length was obtained using samples with known thicknesses measured by X-ray reflectometry. The thicknesses and uncertainty budget of the ultrathin HfO<sub>2</sub> films were then evaluated.","PeriodicalId":22062,"journal":{"name":"Surface and Interface Analysis","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139923919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stefan Makowski, Martin Zawischa, Dieter Schneider, Stephan Barth, Sebastian Schettler, Thanh-Tung Hoang, Hagen Bartzsch, Martina Zimmermann
{"title":"Surface acoustic wave spectroscopy for non-destructive coating and bulk characterization at temperatures up to 600°C enabled by piezoelectric aluminum nitride coated sensor","authors":"Stefan Makowski, Martin Zawischa, Dieter Schneider, Stephan Barth, Sebastian Schettler, Thanh-Tung Hoang, Hagen Bartzsch, Martina Zimmermann","doi":"10.1002/sia.7291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sia.7291","url":null,"abstract":"Surface acoustic wave spectroscopy has been established as non-destructive and fast method for characterization of mechanical properties of surfaces and bulk materials in both research and industry. The present work shows that by application of a novel and robust aluminum nitride (AlN) coated piezoelectric contact sensor the advantages of the method can be extended from room temperature to at least 600°C. An overview of sensor concepts and applications of the method is discussed first, followed by theoretical and practical considerations for design and coating of a novel temperature stable contact sensor. After fabrication of such a sensor using magnetron sputtering, it was tested in a modified surface acoustic wave spectroscopy setup with an incorporated heating table concerning signal amplitude and frequency range. The AlN coated sensor was found to perform well up to 600°C, with temperature limited by the specification of the heating table. At room temperature, performance was acceptable when compared with a conventional contact sensor using a PVDF piezoelectric foil. Application of the high temperature capabilities of the setup was demonstrated by measuring temperature stability of hydrogen-free amorphous carbon coatings (a-C and ta-C) depending on their sp<sup>3</sup> carbon ratio. In another example, high precision temperature dependent measurement of Young's modulus for ultrasonic fatigue test specimen was taken, achieving an accuracy better than 1%. Use of the developed sensor opens up new possibilities in material science for in situ study of temperature depending mechanical properties for coatings and surfaces.","PeriodicalId":22062,"journal":{"name":"Surface and Interface Analysis","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139768791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Maximizing visible Raman resolution of nanodiamond grains fabricated by coaxial arc plasma deposition through oxygen plasma etching optimization","authors":"Sreenath Mylo Valappil, Abdelrahman Zkria, Phongsaphak Sittimart, Shinya Ohmagari, Tsuyoshi Yoshitake","doi":"10.1002/sia.7289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sia.7289","url":null,"abstract":"Among the nondestructive carbon material characterization tools, the prominence of visible Raman spectroscopy has surged remarkably for many years due to its ability to explore a diverse array of carbon bonding configurations. However, to fully unlock the distinctive features concealed within carbon composite materials, additional specimen treatments or precise spectroscope calibrations are necessary. In the same regard, the tiny diamond grain size (5–10 nm) and the pronounced amount of <i>sp</i><sup><i>2</i></sup> carbon in the ultrananocrystalline diamond film represent major challenges in visible light excitation. In this work, we employ calibrated oxygen plasma reactive ion etching conditions to manifest the nanodiamond visible Raman signature from ultrananocrystalline diamond/amorphous carbon composite (UNCD/a-C) films fabricated by coaxial arc plasma deposition. Upon plasma etching, the broad defect band in the visible Raman spectra converged toward the diamond characteristic Raman peak at 1332 cm<sup>−1</sup>. A detailed explanation of band components of the Raman spectra is extracted through peak fitting procedures. The results of Raman spectroscopy are further correlated with the electrical characteristics of the nitrogen-doped UNCD/a-C films due to the optimized oxygen plasma etching processes.","PeriodicalId":22062,"journal":{"name":"Surface and Interface Analysis","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139657453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pascal Bargiela, Vincent Fernandez, David Morgan, Neal Fairley, Jonas Baltrusaitis
{"title":"Surface science insight note: A linear algebraic approach to elucidate native films on Fe3O4 surface","authors":"Pascal Bargiela, Vincent Fernandez, David Morgan, Neal Fairley, Jonas Baltrusaitis","doi":"10.1002/sia.7290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sia.7290","url":null,"abstract":"Standard materials are often used to obtain spectra that can be compared to those from unknown samples. Spectra measured from these known substances are also used as a means of computing sensitivity factors to allow quantification by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) of less well-defined materials. Spectra from known materials also provide line shapes suitable for inclusion in spectral models which, when fitted to spectra, permit the chemical state for a sample to be assessed. Both types of information depend on isolating photoemission signals from the inelastically scattered signal. In this <i>Insight</i> note, technical issues associated with the use of XPS of as received Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> powder sample surface are discussed. The <i>Insight</i> note is designed to show how linear algebraic techniques applied to data collected from a sample marketed as pure Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> powder are used to verify that XPS has been performed on chemistry representative of the sample. The methods described in this <i>Insight</i> note can further be utilized in elucidating complex XPS data obtained from thin films formed or evolved during cyclic/non-steady use of complex (electro)catalyst surfaces, especially in the presence of contaminants.","PeriodicalId":22062,"journal":{"name":"Surface and Interface Analysis","volume":"281 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139658081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sangmin Han, Hee-Seung Yoon, Juyun Park, Jin-Woo Oh, Yong-Cheol Kang
{"title":"Tailoring the surface properties of molybdenum oxytelluride thin films by its compositional ratio","authors":"Sangmin Han, Hee-Seung Yoon, Juyun Park, Jin-Woo Oh, Yong-Cheol Kang","doi":"10.1002/sia.7288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sia.7288","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, RF magnetron co-sputtering was used to fabricate molybdenum oxytelluride thin films with different atomic ratios. Scanning electron micrographs and atomic force micrographs revealed that pure Mo thin films were segregated. Thin films with 40% Te content portrayed needle-like structures and thus had the largest <i>R</i><sub><i>q</i></sub> value of 2.48 nm. Contact angle measurements further supported the findings as the thin films with 40% Te content were the most hydrophobic. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results revealed that the major oxidation states of Mo from Te-poor to Te-rich TFs were changed from high (+6) to low (+4 and/or +2). X-ray diffraction data showed that peaks pertaining to molybdenum oxide species appeared, notably at 33.048° and 33.115°. Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy and Kelvin probe measurements evinced that the work function increases with increasing Te content. Four-point probe measurements revealed that molybdenum oxytelluride thin films tend to have higher electrical conductivity than pure Mo and Te thin films.","PeriodicalId":22062,"journal":{"name":"Surface and Interface Analysis","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139648745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pengjie Wang, Lin Fan, Yuhao Song, Kuaihai Deng, Lei Guo, Zhonghui Li, Yuanhua Lin
{"title":"Synergistic effect of new imidazoline derivative and 2-aminopyridine as corrosion inhibitors for Q235: Experimental and theoretical study","authors":"Pengjie Wang, Lin Fan, Yuhao Song, Kuaihai Deng, Lei Guo, Zhonghui Li, Yuanhua Lin","doi":"10.1002/sia.7286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sia.7286","url":null,"abstract":"In order to reduce the investment of corrosion inhibitors, based on experimental and theoretical studies, the corrosion inhibition and mechanism of new imidazoline derivatives (SMIS) and 2-aminopyridine (AMP) were investigated carefully. The best corrosion inhibition effect was at 0.7-g/L SMIS and 0.3-g/L AMP, the corrosion inhibition efficiency of weight loss, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and potentiodynamic polarization (Tafel) were 90.54%, 98.56% and 97.68%, respectively. Electrochemical research shows that SMIS& belongs to cathodic corrosion inhibition. SMIS& mainly increased the film resistance and charge transfer resistance in 1-M HCl, thus playing a certain role in corrosion inhibition. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and energy dispersive spectrometer proved that SMIS& can be adsorbed on the surface of Q235, molecular dynamics showed that there was a certain synergy between SMIS and AMP. This study confirmed that SMIS and AMP have a good synergistic effect, improve the corrosion inhibition efficiency, reduce the synthesis cost of SMIS, and have a certain guiding significance for synergistic corrosion inhibition.","PeriodicalId":22062,"journal":{"name":"Surface and Interface Analysis","volume":"179 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139581410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}