Historical and social-educational ideas最新文献

{"title":"Features of the organization of educational activities of children in preschool classes in the context of distance education.","authors":"Ayuna Dabaeva","doi":"10.17748/2075-9908-2021-13-2-236-243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17748/2075-9908-2021-13-2-236-243","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the experience of organizing educational activities in preschool classes of a joint Mongolian-Russian school in Ulan Bator in the context of distance education. The conditions, educational, methodological and didactic support of the educational process, models, methods and techniques, means, ways of interaction of children with teachers and children with each other, ways and means of assessing the quality of mastering the main educational program by children of 5-7 years old are analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the study of problems that reduce the effectiveness of distance education, the formation of an emergency technological case for a teacher, systemic, independent monitoring of educational activities.","PeriodicalId":220604,"journal":{"name":"Historical and social-educational ideas","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117005949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technological aspects of formation and effective functioning of the education system in the conditions of a technical university.","authors":"E. Sorokina, D. V. Gulyakin","doi":"10.17748/2075-9908-2021-13-2-286-292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17748/2075-9908-2021-13-2-286-292","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the theoretical and technological aspects of the formation and effective functioning of the education system in the conditions of a technical university. The actual problem of the formation, improvement and effective functioning of the upbringing system is highlighted and presented. The problem between the increased requirements of the state and society for the preparation of future specialists capable of active professional activity, on the one hand, and the harsh conditions of the modern socio-economic system, requiring the individual to be able to effectively work, on the other hand. The emphasis is on the periods and levels of development of the educational system at the university. Technological and methodological mechanisms of formation and further effective functioning of the educational system in the conditions of a technical university are presented. The elements of scientific novelty are indicated in the orientation towards personal development and the qualitative level of professional training of the future engineer. According to the results of the study, the authors came to the conclusion that the educational system of a technical university is relevant, objectively expedient in the field of vision of each member of the team, if it moves along the path of humanization, based on democratic principles, and a creative approach is carried out in the organization of activities.","PeriodicalId":220604,"journal":{"name":"Historical and social-educational ideas","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125158750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interregional comparative characteristics of the national composition of the population of the Middle Volga region and the Southern Urals of the second half of the 19th century.","authors":"V. Petrov","doi":"10.17748/2075-9908-2021-13-2-128-150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17748/2075-9908-2021-13-2-128-150","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents a comparative analysis and characteristics of the social and everyday life of the peoples who inhabited the regions from 1867 to the end of the 19th century. Russian population in the provinces of the Middle Volga region had a larger share than in the Southern Urals, but the overall percentage of the Russian population decreased in the Middle Volga region, which is caused by a weak influx of Russians from the central part of Russia, the outflow of this part of the population to other parts of the country, the migration process of non-Russian peoples to the Middle Volga, the difference in the birth rate of representatives of the peoples. The population of the Middle Volga region and the Southern Urals by the end of the 19th century was distinguished by an exclusively multinational composition, which was due to the historical features of the settlement of the peoples of Russia, the socio-economic conditions of the development of the provinces and the migration processes (what exactly). Provincial cities were places of concentration of a more diverse population in national terms, in contrast to the inhabitants of counties and volosts, and centers of intensive interethnic contacts.","PeriodicalId":220604,"journal":{"name":"Historical and social-educational ideas","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128493216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Raskazachivanie: difficult issues of history.","authors":"Marina V. Podkhomutnikova","doi":"10.17748/2075-9908-2021-13-2-151-160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17748/2075-9908-2021-13-2-151-160","url":null,"abstract":"104 years ago the Civil War began in Russia. Civil War 1917–1922 is one of the largest civil wars in human history. She had a great influence on the course of not only Russian, but also world history in the XX century. In the conditions of the socio-economic catastrophe experienced by the country at that time, all social and political contradictions in society exacerbated, which gave the Civil War mass character and duration. Today the topic of \"decossackization\" remains very relevant and in demand. The scientific relevance of the problem of decossackization is caused by the lack of generalizing studies. Currently, there is a significant amount of literature, which reflects the history of civil confrontation in Russia. Literature was created at different times and, as a result, differed in different methodological positions. The Civil War in Russia was studied, seen, reflected from two opposite sides – from the side of the victors and from the side of the vanquished. Difficult times do not have unambiguous assessments and interpretations. It is no coincidence that this period is included in the list of the so-called “difficult questions of history”. Soviet historians began to deal with the problem of decossackization in the 60s. 20th century. Within the framework of what was permitted, researchers could talk about the problems associated with the policy of decossackization in Russia. In the Soviet period, \"decossackization\" was understood as the elimination of the Cossacks as a socio-ethnographic community in general, characteristic features, characteristics, properties, signs of the Cossacks. In different historical periods, the term \"decossackization\" was understood as the abolition of class benefits and hardships. In the second half of the 19th – early 20th century. there was no oppression, persecution, destruction and violent influence on the Cossacks at that time. In the late 80s. – the beginning of the 90s. the problem of decossackization is closely associated with the repressive policy of the Bolsheviks in the Cossack regions of the country. From this we can conclude that two different meanings are put into the conventional term “decossackization”. One interpretation of this term speaks of the formal, administrative abolition of the estate rights and obligations of the Cossacks as a social-class category. Another interpretation is about purposeful and large-scale repressive actions against the Cossacks. Today, scientific discussions about the causes, nature and consequences of the anti-Bolshevik struggle during the Civil War continue. More and more researchers are being drawn into the polemical space. The author does not pretend to cover the entire array of publications, the total number of which is several hundred, we will focus on the most general trends in the analysis of the events of the Civil War and armed uprisings against the policies of the Bolsheviks in 1917–1922. The hypothesis of the study is that the overwhelming majority of a","PeriodicalId":220604,"journal":{"name":"Historical and social-educational ideas","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124617032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intersubjectivity legal culture of young people.","authors":"L. Bykasova","doi":"10.17748/2075-9908-2021-13-2-223-235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17748/2075-9908-2021-13-2-223-235","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: from the perspective of a synergetic approach, the article attempts to reflect the conditions for the formation of the legal culture of young people, as a state of legal awareness, legality, perfection of legislation and legal practice, expressing the status of law as a certain social value realized in the process of modern education in a pedagogical university, which allows us to implement a system of legal attitudes that reflect the attitude of Russian citizens to the current law, to legal practice, to human rights, freedoms and duties. Materials and methods: the use of the method of humanitarian expertise determines the direction of human activity in modern society, clearly identifies the main discourses of the assignment of the subject of education to the norms of legal culture; legal ideology; types of legal consciousness according to the degree of their generality and content. Results of the study: as a result of the rapid examination, which includes the generalization and systematization of reflexive knowledge about the state of legal culture of Russian students, their ideas about the rule of law and legality, lawful and illegal behavior, updated law enforcement acts, conclusions are drawn about the unfolding of certain aspects of public and individual consciousness, the object of which is legislation as a whole, from the standpoint of intentionality, performativity, media; on the identification of risks in the organization of training of modern pedagogical personnel-the main translators of law, freedom and duties of the individual; on the actualization of the norms of legal psychology that express the attitude of various social groups to the law, to the system of legal institutions operating in society; on the formation of a different legal ideology from the existing legal phenomena of public life; on the generation of samples of purposeful activities of state bodies and the public to form a legal culture among citizens.","PeriodicalId":220604,"journal":{"name":"Historical and social-educational ideas","volume":"109 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130676245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Five decades long path.","authors":"S. Dudarenok","doi":"10.17748/2075-9908-2021-13-2-69-86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17748/2075-9908-2021-13-2-69-86","url":null,"abstract":"This article, based on the current archive of the Institute of History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Peoples of the Far East of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, as well as the annual scientific reports, recreates the 50-year history of IHAE, shows the role of its directors in the formation and development of the Institute: Academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences A.I. Krushanov, Academician of the RAS V.L. Larin and Corresponding Member of the RAS N.N. Kradin. Particular attention is paid to a difficult stage in the life of the country and historical science – the period of the 1990s. The liquidation of the CPSU, the fall of the Soviet system and the collapse of the USSR contributed to the crisis of historical science. During this period, the leaders of the IHAE FEB RAS faced quite difficult tasks: to provide funding for scientific research; retain the cadres of professional historians; to develop new methodological approaches and principles for the analysis of historical events and \"blind spots\" in the history of the Far East; determine the prospects for the future. All these tasks were successfully solved, and by 2000 the Institute regained the role of a scientific center uniting all historians of the Far Eastern region. Introduction. The reasons that led to the need to open an academic center of historical science in Vladivostok are stated: there was a process of intensive development of the region's natural resources; new industrial enterprises and universities were created; Far Eastern cities were renewed, the population grew; the ideological and military confrontation between the two “superpowers” grew, and relations between the USSR and China sharply deteriorated. In these conditions, the role of the humanitarian and ideological component of the social life of the region increased, which was to be formed by historical science. Methods. The content of the article is based on different methods of research, first of all the comparative-genetic method, a consistent presentation of the event series, related to the history of the formation and development of IHAE FEB RAS. Through the application of the narrative method, the history of the Institute's development under its three directors is more widely presented, the specifics of each of the directors and research areas of the staff are displayed. The use of the information method is particularly valuable for building an event series. The method of comparative-historical analysis is also used in the article's presentation. Results. This article was based primarily on the documents of the archive of the Institute of History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Peoples of the Far East of the FEB RAS, the annual scientific reports of the Institute and bibliographic indexes of the works of staff of IHAE. This made it possible to present the history of the Institute in all its completeness and contradictions, to show its importance as an academic center of historical s","PeriodicalId":220604,"journal":{"name":"Historical and social-educational ideas","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116985500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the eve of the decay of the USSR: the history of one discussion.","authors":"N. Bugay, Tatiana S. Bushueva","doi":"10.17748/2075-9908-2021-13-2-19-48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17748/2075-9908-2021-13-2-19-48","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. An analysis of the materials of the proposed meeting makes it possible to replenish knowledge about such an important and difficult period in the history of the USSR in the late 1980s and in the subsequent period of development of statehood. Undoubtedly, in one way or another, the participants in the meeting referred to the situation and its assessments at that time. In their speeches, there was an attempt to understand the complex socio-political situation, to give an objective assessment of the transformations that took place in many spheres of the life of the state, its economy, culture, the state of society as a whole, relations between peoples in the state. The authors of the article attach particular importance to this historical moment. Aiming to partially reflect the situation in the state, relying on the presented materials of the meeting of directors of branches of one of the leading centers of Marxism-Leninism (IML), which operated under the Central Committee of the CPSU until November 1991. Research methods. On the basis of well-known methods of historical research, analysis of sources, scientific works of predecessors on the history of the Soviet state, measures of the party and social movements [1-18], materials of speeches by the participants of the meeting (a group of public and political figures) in the named time frame (April 1989), it became possible to reconstruct and supplement historical knowledge of the events and difficulties of the late 1980s. Society experienced them during the period under review in the Soviet Union. Results. The convocation of a meeting at the Institute of Marxism-Leninism in April 1989 also made it possible, on the fresh trail, to assess the complex socio-political situation in the USSR, associated with the difficulties of the economic development of the state. The participants of the meeting considered the principles of the emerging contradictions on ethnic grounds, exacerbation of interethnic relations. The participants in the meeting analyzed the reasons for the contradictions that arose and the aggravation of the national policy. The authors also analyzed the shortcomings of methods of managing national processes in society, the emergence of the possibility of transition to the principle of regulating this aspect of society's life, to the creation of new social technologies for arranging the life of the peoples of the country, and democratization of social relations. The solution of these tasks fell on the subsequent period of development of statehood – the 1990–2000s. Conclusions. The content of the speeches by the participants in the conference – representatives of the party and political movements who were developing the theory of building a multinational state based on the principles of broad democracy – testifies to how difficult the situation with the political component of society was. An analysis of various aspects of this process allows us to reveal the imperfection of many ","PeriodicalId":220604,"journal":{"name":"Historical and social-educational ideas","volume":"223 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127294419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing reader´s literacy in primary education.","authors":"Michal Lukac, Michal Imrovič, Monika Orlikova, Edita Poorova","doi":"10.17748/2075-9908-2021-13-2-265-285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17748/2075-9908-2021-13-2-265-285","url":null,"abstract":"Reading and reader´s literacy are essential prerequisites for developing key competences, especially competencies for learning, and are still used as a tool to achieve other goals that are the gateway to success in work and personal life. The topic of the article is reader´s literacy and its development at pupils of primary education through the use of methods developing reader´s literacy in the teaching process.","PeriodicalId":220604,"journal":{"name":"Historical and social-educational ideas","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121019185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Failed projects of cossack nationalism ideology in the first half of the 20th century.","authors":"S. Kislitsin, Saryn V. Kuchinsky","doi":"10.17748/2075-9908-2021-13-2-99-111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17748/2075-9908-2021-13-2-99-111","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines four projects of the ideology of Cossack nationalism in the first half of the 20th century in the context of the history of the Cossacks at the pre-revolutionary stage, the functioning of the \"All-Great Don Army\" during the Civil War, the formation of the emigrant community of the 1920s-1930s, and the emergence of Cossack collaboration during the Great Patriotic War. As an ideological trend, Cossack nationalism was formed on the Don in the first half of the 20th century, even before the revolutionary events of 1917, based on the works of Cossack historians, writers, and publicists. The totality of the nationalist ideas of the Cossack patriots was caused by the general crisis of the class system, the collapse of the Russian Empire, the subsequent raskazachivanie, the emigration of part of the Cossacks and other tragic events for the Cossacks. The main ideologist and practitioner of Cossack nationalism, Ataman Krasnov, was rejected by the White Cossack Military Circle during the Civil War, and after the Second World War was executed in Moscow for treason to the Russian people. At no stage in the development of Russian statehood did the projects of Cossack nationalism receive a logical conclusion in the form of a Cossack political party and in principle were not supported by the broad masses of the Cossacks and, moreover, by the entire Russian people, but the recognition of this fact does not mean the rejection of the Cossack identity. The Cossack idea as a symbol of Russian patriotism has every right to exist in modern conditions.","PeriodicalId":220604,"journal":{"name":"Historical and social-educational ideas","volume":"432 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124241656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The problem of \"clip thinking\" in the context of the choice of teaching methods for students of higher educational institutions.","authors":"Marina A. Dorofeeva","doi":"10.17748/2075-9908-2021-13-2-244-264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17748/2075-9908-2021-13-2-244-264","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the problem of the presence of clip thinking in a social group of young people-students. The novelty of the research lies in the question of the need for an interdisciplinary study of clip thinking as a biological, social and humanitarian phenomenon, and the priority in determining the essence of this phenomenon should be given to the cognitive sciences. The analysis of the results of methodological innovations of modern researchers reveals the charm of clip thinking as a new cognitive style and the presence of imperative recommendations on the transformation of the format of educational technologies in the direction of its adaptation to this mass phenomenon. The author of the article questions the thesis about the need to switch to teaching methods in higher education that take into account the peculiarities of clip thinking. The methodological basis for the study was: the concept of the theory of generations by N. Howe and W. Strauss, the concept of conceptual thinking by L.S. Vygotsky, the concept of cognitive styles by M.A. Kholodnaya, the concept of clip thinking by K.G. Frumkin. The results of the study (on the example of students of the FEFU Law School) show that it is wrong to apply the clip thinking model as the leading basic generational characteristic to Russian students a priori. Students are a differentiated community in which there is a variety of cognitive styles in individuals, including a wide distribution of the most productive of them – the conceptual-logical. In this regard, the author comes to the conclusion that educational technologies in higher education should combine methods that accumulate ways of reflecting reality in visual-figurative and verbal-logical expression, create an educational space in which to demonstrate ways of translating clip thinking into conceptual thinking and teach such refocusing, while it is necessary to teach students to use both cognitive styles and effectively switch between them, depending on the type of cognitive tasks associated with working with information.","PeriodicalId":220604,"journal":{"name":"Historical and social-educational ideas","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117153664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}