Historical and social-educational ideas最新文献

{"title":"History is strong in memory.","authors":"M. F. Titorenko","doi":"10.17748/2075-9908-2021-13-3-61-70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17748/2075-9908-2021-13-3-61-70","url":null,"abstract":"The author examines the reasons for the aggression of the Germans during the Great Patriotic War, analyzes the materials of the State Archive of the Krasnodar Territory, relating to the time of the occupation of the city of Krasnodar by Nazi Germany, cites the facts of torture and mockery of the residents of the city by the \"masters of new life\". The author also pays attention to the appearance of collaboration in the Cossack environment and reveals the reasons for this phenomenon, gives examples of the worthy contribution of the Kuban Cossack formations to the Great Victory, and considers it necessary to collect and preserve the truth about the war, to remember the indomitable spirit of the people, to form a sense of patriotism among young people, to preserve historical memory and historical consciousness.","PeriodicalId":220604,"journal":{"name":"Historical and social-educational ideas","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121765277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formation of the political culture of Russian Germans: transformation, resettlement, rehabilitation. 1980–1990s.","authors":"N. Bugay","doi":"10.17748/2075-9908-2021-13-3-16-35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17748/2075-9908-2021-13-3-16-35","url":null,"abstract":"The journal \"Historical and Social-Educational Thought\" initiated a discussion dedicated to the historical date  the 100th anniversary of the formation of the USSR. The proposed topic allows scientists to turn once again to the history of the existing Soviet state (USSR), created by the will of the peoples themselves in December 1922. Undoubtedly, the very fate of the peoples inhabiting its territory is connected with the history of the USSR. One of the notable features in the structure of state education was the community of Soviet Germans, who had to go through many transformations at different stages of the development of Soviet statehood. These processes were primarily associated with the formation of an ethnic community under Soviet conditions, the destructive impact of the state on its life during the 19411945 war, and the difficulties of economic revival. The time that followed was not calm either. This situation was due to the unsolvability of problems, the continuous search for opportunities to improve living conditions. Despite the difficulties of overcoming, the community remained characteristic of the strengthening of the positions of Soviet Germans in society, the formation of their political culture, the fostering of a culture of interethnic communication, and the solution of political tasks associated with the revival of Soviet Germans.","PeriodicalId":220604,"journal":{"name":"Historical and social-educational ideas","volume":"157 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123841816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Educational strategy of the Russian power in the Northern Caucasus regarding muslims (60s–90s of the 19th century).","authors":"N. O. Bleich","doi":"10.17748/2075-9908-2021-13-3-36-45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17748/2075-9908-2021-13-3-36-45","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the educational policy of Russia regarding the Muslims of the North Caucasus, substantiates the formation of the educational potential of the Muslim mountaineers in the historical aspect associated with the evolution of the educational paradigm of the state in the field of their education, the result of which was the adaptation of the regional structure of education to the all-Russian system. It is concluded that the imperial government, adapting to the situation of capitalism and carrying out modernization in the region, began to pay more attention to the issues of enlightening \"infidels\". But due to the inconsistent policy of officials, the coverage of Muslims by training was insufficient and required further reform of the national educational system.","PeriodicalId":220604,"journal":{"name":"Historical and social-educational ideas","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133452285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards historical interpretations in archaeology: a case from an isоlated community.","authors":"A. Bobokhyan","doi":"10.17748/2075-9908-2021-13-3-71-78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17748/2075-9908-2021-13-3-71-78","url":null,"abstract":"Vakıflı is the only remaining ethnic Armenian village in Turkey and the last officially recognized Western Armenian speaking settlement in the world. From this point of view it is an isolated community, the investigation of which is of primary importance as a case in common historical and social processes. When in 1939 the Sanjak of Alexandretta was handed over to Turkey, the inhabitants of Vakıflı did not leave the Mount Musa, they still live there (ca. 150 Armenians). Considering Vakıflı from various cultural perspectives (geography, name, history, population, settlement, cemetery, temple, material culture, language, script, economy, communication, myth, feast, value system) an attempt is made to pass from ethnography to archaeology and to check the possibilities of archaeological reconstructions. In the meanwhile, the question is touched upon, to what extent archaeology is able to speak about the problems of cultural and ethnic identity. The observations demonstrate the diversity of cultural phenomena, as well as the complexity of their interpretation, thus emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary research for understunding the historical and social processes in early societies.","PeriodicalId":220604,"journal":{"name":"Historical and social-educational ideas","volume":"15 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123790437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of attitudes toward china in different types of Russian media reports.","authors":"Ayibota Shahety","doi":"10.17748/2075-9908-2021-13-2-183-190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17748/2075-9908-2021-13-2-183-190","url":null,"abstract":"As a world power, Russia is China's largest neighbor and plays a special role in strengthening my country's international communication capabilities. Russia's reports related to China have both positive and negative content, but the viewing angle is more practical and objective. China's image is rarely distorted, belittled, and vilified by political bias and ideological divisions. The overall image of China and China in the international arena The role is positive. Media reports are mainly political and economic news, with a particular focus on information on political and economic and trade exchanges between China and Russia. What are the tendencies in the attitude of the Russian media towards China? How does society and theory view the situation in the trilateral relations between Russia, China and the United States? Are there any new trends in the perception of China's image by political elites and ordinary people? What has been causing concern about China in the Russian media lately? What direction are the media and think tanks showing on the burning issues of the Sino-Indian border conflict? These problems reflect Russians' perception of China's image, are related to the effectiveness of my country's \"telling Chinese stories\" and external communications, and also reflect the development of Sino-Russian relations and the level of my country's influence in the international arena.","PeriodicalId":220604,"journal":{"name":"Historical and social-educational ideas","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128833268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Actual issues in the history of the Russian Far East during the period of radical liberal reforms.","authors":"A. Vashchuk, N. S. Vorontsov","doi":"10.17748/2075-9908-2021-13-2-49-68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17748/2075-9908-2021-13-2-49-68","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The article is an analytical review of the publications of the staff of the Institute of History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences in 2010–2020. The historiographical analysis of the works of the Institute of Archeology and Ethnography has its own scientific value. This is the way to determine the place and role of the scientific team in the formation of a new direction in Russian historiography - post-Soviet regional history. Of all the variety of problems, the authors focused their attention on an analytical review of two thematic complexes of modern regional history. The first is devoted to a review of works united by the idea of​​“driving social forces of Far Eastern politics” or touching on the topic of its “common good”. The authors identify the second problem through studies that reveal the concept of a \"transformational crisis\" in the Far East region. Methodology. The article is based on a synthesis of two approaches: historiographical approach and elements of the methodology of intellectual history. In particular, the authors relied on the principle of intellectual history, taking into account the interaction between the movement of ideas and their historical environment. The historiographical review is carried out in comparison with the works of scientists from other scientific institutions and centers over the past 10 years. The initial postulate of analysis is taken into account: the grouping of literature can have different configurations, taking into account the relevance of the stated problem and the historical distance separating the authors from the object and subject of research. Research results. In recent years, a new scientific direction has been formed at the IHAE FEB RAS – the Far East in the era of radical reforms. The specificity of the publications is the analysis of changes in the Far Eastern policy based on the criterion of social results within the framework of the concept of “common good”, which allowed scientists to show the problems of Russia's turn to the East. The analysis of research has shown the heuristic possibilities of the concept of a transformational crisis. The solidarity opinion of the scientific community was established: the creation of new institutions for the development of the Far Eastern territory brought the bureaucracy to the fore. The reformers' stake on the rapid formation of entrepreneurship in the region and its participation in the development of the Far East in the 1990s did not materialize, since rentier campaigns prevailed here.","PeriodicalId":220604,"journal":{"name":"Historical and social-educational ideas","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127121497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Congresses of the Moscow Rural Society: a system for the development of agrarian reforms. 19th – early 20th centuries.","authors":"V. A. Nokhrina","doi":"10.17748/2075-9908-2021-13-2-112-127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17748/2075-9908-2021-13-2-112-127","url":null,"abstract":"In the proposed article, on the basis of the materials of the Moscow Society of Agriculture identified in the fund of the Central Scientific Agricultural Library. With the involvement of the developments of researchers on the history of agrarian thought in Russia in the 19th and early 20th centuries, forms of communication between the scientific and professional communities are determined for the modernization of the agricultural sector of agriculture after the peasant reform of 1861 of the year. The publication highlights the main forms of communication: the publishing activity of the Society, the organization of exhibitions and congresses. To assess the large-scale activities of the Moscow Society of Agriculture for 110 years, a brief overview of its practical work is presented, and the role in the agrarian rationalization of agriculture in Russian historiography is revealed. Members of the Moscow Society have made a significant contribution to the study of the state of agriculture, ways of evolution and methods of increasing its productivity. On the example of materials from three All-Russian congresses on agronomic assistance to the population, the organizational aspects of resolving issues of agricultural management in the regions of Russia. The role and significance of the public initiative is especially valuable today, when the problems of innovative renewal and modernization of the agricultural sector are becoming a national task. For its successful solution, the documents of the congresses can be useful, since they make it possible to trace the genesis of the processes of agricultural development in various thematic areas and economic zones in historical terms and to avoid possible mistakes in decision-making.","PeriodicalId":220604,"journal":{"name":"Historical and social-educational ideas","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116123898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre-conscription training of secondary school students in North Ossetia during the Great Patriotic War.","authors":"Georgy B. Kaitukov","doi":"10.17748/2075-9908-2021-13-2-87-98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17748/2075-9908-2021-13-2-87-98","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. At all levels, there is a search for a new model of military-patriotic education; given that the period of active military service is 1 year, the need for military training in schools, gymnasiums, colleges becomes very important and significant. This is related to the relevance of the topic of military-patriotic education at different stages of the history of Russia. The purpose of this article, which is part of the author's dissertation research, is to analyze the forms and methods of military-patriotic education of schoolchildren and pre-conscription training in educational institutions of North Ossetia during the Great Patriotic War. Materials and methods. Historiographical analysis of the problem allows us to conclude that the problems of military pre-conscription training have found their place in the works of historians (Shatunova G.P., Peshkova I.A., Molokov E.V., Reutova L.P., Zhuravlev Yu.I., etc.). Researchers analyze the mass defense work of party and state bodies during the war, study non-military methods of training the population, reconstruct the types and forms of work. Historians analyze many aspects of the big problem in different regions of the country (Mukhametov P.A., Banzaraktsaeva E.V., Sukhanov S.V., Petkov V.A., etc.). This was made possible by the introduction of a large body of new archival documents into scientific circulation. General patterns of Vsevobuch and its manifestations in the regions were established. However, based on the materials of North Ossetia, this topic has not become the subject of scientific study. The main general scientific methods are the method of historicism and objectivity. Interdisciplinary approaches were used in the work, which allowed us to reveal the essence of the studied processes more deeply. The historical and comparative method made it possible to compare the processes in military sports training on the eve of the war with the implementation of the military training program during the war. The historical and chronological method was used when considering the process of pre-conscription training at different stages of the war. The methods of ethnography made it possible to focus on the specifics of military education characteristic of the region. The results of the study. The analysis of the source base and the available historiography on the issue of military education in schools makes it possible to determine the methods of conducting pre-conscription training classes on the territory of North Ossetia, and an attempt is also made to analyze the forms of military training of school youth for service in the army, for first aid. In addition to military training, the emphasis was placed on the education of a patriot who was able to love his homeland and protect it from the enemy. Attention is also paid to the institute of the school military leader (military instructors) and their role in pre-conscription training.","PeriodicalId":220604,"journal":{"name":"Historical and social-educational ideas","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125310913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socio-economic situation in Vienna during the First World War 1916–1918.","authors":"R. A. Nadirov","doi":"10.17748/2075-9908-2021-13-2-175-182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17748/2075-9908-2021-13-2-175-182","url":null,"abstract":"This article addresses the problem of socio-economic status of the Austro-Hungarian capital Vienna in the second period of the First World War - 1916-1918. Much attention is paid to the consequences of the war: the food crisis, the deficit, the rise in prices for basic necessities, speculation, protests, etc. It shows the transformation of the mood of the Viennese society in the conditions of the growing economic crisis. The food issue directly affected the quality of life of the residents of the capital, who were in difficult wartime conditions, and largely influenced their attitude to the current government. In this study, the task was to analyze the relationship between the government and the people and to find out why the people of Vienna, who had initially been patriotic and united around the monarchy, had joined the opposition by 1916. The author concludes that the food crisis, against the backdrop of the inaction of the government, which has used only the practice of prohibitions and restrictions on the civilian population, has become a key factor in exacerbating protests and leading to the overthrow of the political regime and the collapse of the monarchy.","PeriodicalId":220604,"journal":{"name":"Historical and social-educational ideas","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125398743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of the book: Gavrilov S.V. Representative authority of Kamchatka (1917–1977)(1977–1993).","authors":"N. Bugay","doi":"10.17748/2075-9908-2021-13-2-293-304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17748/2075-9908-2021-13-2-293-304","url":null,"abstract":"In the proposed review of scientific research, set out in 2 books, in a chronological framework: 1917–1977. and 1977–1993, the analysis of social technologies associated with the forms of organization of councils as state authorities, its political basis in the USSR / Russia, their capabilities, which had transformations during the periods of their formation and development, as well as other types – executive committees, revolutionary committees (revolutionary committees). The process of the emergence of the system of these authorities on the territory of the Kamchatka province / region is considered. The attitude of the researcher to the study of aspects of the topic is shown. His knowledge of both the essence of the existing assessments of their role, and the contribution to the development of the system itself. The content of directions for improving the management and regulation of social processes is analyzed. Attention is drawn to the direction of solutions to the problems of strengthening statehood, achieving effective activity of structural units, from lower to higher authorities. The author identified about 2000 portraits of political and public figures, representatives of this system in the Kamchatka region, disclosed the forms and methods of their work in different areas of management, development of the community of peoples on the territory of the multinational region. Materials and methods. In the writing of a review, the appeal to such methods as historical-genetic, historical-comparative, historical-typological, which allows, in aggregate, to trace the differences of the process, events that reflect the essence of the phenomenon that characterize the interaction, prevails. Along with this, a comparison of the processes of development of society and the management system at different stages of the period under study in 1917–1977, the military situation on the eve of the war, the war period of 1941–1945, post-war reconstruction, 1977–1993, the degree of generalization by the author of the material presented, revealing by him the essence of the transformations that took place. It is also obvious that there was every reason for attracting the prosopographic method of research, which allows not only to fully cognize the person (who represents power), but also to show the background of events. As for the materials directly, http://www.hist-edu.ru Историческая и социально-образовательная мысль. Toм 13 №2, 2021 Historical and Social-Educational Idea. Volume 13 #2, 2021 295 the researcher evaluates those that are used by him in the narrative – \"living sources\" (archival documents, press, memoirs) Due to the lack of analysis of the historiography of the problem under study, it is possible to present not only an assessment of the work done by the author. They mention, with rare exceptions, for example, the works of the famous writer of the Kamchatka Territory A.A. Smyshlyaev, as well as a collection of documents. The author identifies in the ","PeriodicalId":220604,"journal":{"name":"Historical and social-educational ideas","volume":"134 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114231639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}