Studies in Mycology最新文献

{"title":"Chemodiversity of <i>Penicillium</i> isolated from alpine and arctic environments, including ten new species.","authors":"D P Overy, J C Frisvad, T E Witte, C L Hicks, A Hermans, A Sproule, G Louis-Seize, K A Seifert, N Yilmaz, J Price, N I van Vuuren, C M Visagie","doi":"10.3114/sim.2025.112.03","DOIUrl":"10.3114/sim.2025.112.03","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polar, high altitude montane and cold desert environments harbour only sparse plant life and often remain frozen for extended periods. Because of their remoteness, often combined with restricted access, such regions are rarely visited and the fungal biodiversity of the soils is scarcely studied. Despite this, when such studies are undertaken, psychrophilic <i>Penicillium</i> species are often reported and the isolates exhibit a high spectrum of biologically active compounds of biotechnological interest. Small molecule profiling by mass spectrometry (often called 'metabolomics') can supplement phylogenetic species concepts and provide information to characterize variation within species or populations. During large scale fungal isolation surveys exploring new psychrophilic fungi from high altitude alpine and arctic tundra soils, several undescribed <i>Penicillium</i> species were discovered. A polyphasic taxonomic approach was adopted to formally describe ten new species using multigene phylogenetic analyses and phenotypic characterizations including secondary metabolite production, colony characters, and microscopic analysis of morphological structures. Using untargeted metabolomics and molecular networking tools, an emphasis was made to characterize, compare and discuss in depth, the chemical diversity associated with these new <i>Penicillium</i> species. <b>Taxonomic novelties: New species:</b> <i>Penicillium algidum</i> Visagie, Overy, Seifert & Frisvad, <i>Penicillium aquamarinum</i> Visagie, Overy, Seifert & Frisvad, <i>Penicillium discoense</i> Visagie, Overy, Seifert & Frisvad, <i>Penicillium hesseltinei</i> Visagie, Overy, Seifert & Frisvad, <i>Penicillium jugorum</i> Visagie, Overy, Seifert & Frisvad, <i>Penicillium marthae</i> Visagie, Overy, Seifert & Frisvad, <i>Penicillium oreophilum</i> Visagie, Overy, Seifert, Christensen & Frisvad, <i>Penicillium rivulorum</i> Visagie, Overy, Seifert & Frisvad, <i>Penicillium turcosum</i> Visagie, Overy, Seifert & Frisvad, <i>Penicillium wyomingense</i> Visagie, Overy, Seifert & Frisvad. <b>Citation:</b> Overy DP, Frisvad JC, Witte TE, Hicks CL, Hermans A, Sproule A, Louis-Seize G, Seifert KA, Yilmaz N, Price J, van Vuuren NI, Visagie CM (2025). Chemodiversity of <i>Penicillium</i> isolated from alpine and arctic environments, including ten new species. <i>Studies in Mycology</i> <b>112</b>: 75-116. doi: 10.3114/sim.2025.112.03.</p>","PeriodicalId":22036,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Mycology","volume":"112 ","pages":"75-116"},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12786642/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145953080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global diversity analysis of plant-associated <i>Pseudopithomyces</i> fungi reveals a new species producing the toxin associated with facial eczema in livestock: <i>Pseudopithomyces toxicarius sp. nov</i>.","authors":"B S Weir, J S Sidhu, C L Brosnahan, D Lee, P H Maclean, D Park, R Jauregui, R D Johnson, M E Petterson, A F R Williams, N R Morse, J M Sprosen, Y-W Lim, B J Bridgeman, T J Walker, S Kumar, W J Mace, S Prakash, X Liu, D E Hume, C Couldrey, R E Beever, C R Voisey","doi":"10.3114/sim.2025.112.02","DOIUrl":"10.3114/sim.2025.112.02","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Facial eczema (FE) in ruminants is associated with the fungal toxin sporidesmin that can cause significant mortality in grazing livestock. Incidences are particularly severe in New Zealand but are reported worldwide. The syndrome has historically been attributed to &lt;i&gt;Pithomyces chartarum&lt;/i&gt;, a species transferred to &lt;i&gt;Pseudopithomyces&lt;/i&gt; in 2015, but the classification of many other &lt;i&gt;Pithomyces&lt;/i&gt; species remains unresolved. In this study we investigated the taxonomy of &lt;i&gt;Pseudopithomyces&lt;/i&gt; using modern species concepts and clarified which species make sporidesmin. Fungal isolates were cultured from grass samples obtained from New Zealand farms and roadside collections in 2014-2022. International isolates, including all available types, and historic isolates deposited in the International Collection of Microorganisms from Plants (ICMP) were also evaluated. Phylogenetic analyses of the ITS region plus four concatenated protein coding genes distinguished 15 species in the genus. We describe &lt;i&gt;Pseudopithomyces toxicarius sp. nov.&lt;/i&gt; as a novel sporidesmin producing species, most formerly identified as &lt;i&gt;Pse. chartarum&lt;/i&gt;, with 80 % of isolates in this study able to produce the toxin. Two &lt;i&gt;Pithomyces&lt;/i&gt; species are combined into &lt;i&gt;Pseudopithomyces&lt;/i&gt; as &lt;i&gt;Pseudopithomyces cynodontis comb. nov&lt;/i&gt;. and &lt;i&gt;Pseudopithomyces pavgii comb. nov&lt;/i&gt;. We also place &lt;i&gt;Pseudopithomyces pandanicola&lt;/i&gt; in synonymy with &lt;i&gt;Pseudopithomyces palmicola. Pithomyces terricola&lt;/i&gt; is reclassified into the family &lt;i&gt;Longipedicellataceae&lt;/i&gt; as &lt;i&gt;Pseudoxylomyces terricola comb. nov&lt;/i&gt;. &lt;i&gt;Pseudopithomyces chartarum&lt;/i&gt; was the only other species where sporidesmin was detected, but this was found in only one of 14 isolates we tested. The extent of sporidesmin synthesis in this genus remains to be determined due to the limited availability of strains for testing in other species. Analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms from whole genome Illumina sequences of isolates from &lt;i&gt;Pse. toxicarius, Pse. chartarum&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Pse. palmicola&lt;/i&gt; revealed distinct genetic subclades within each species. Four species were detected in New Zealand. &lt;i&gt;Pseudopithomyces toxicarius&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Pse. chartarum&lt;/i&gt; were recovered from grass samples collected from the North and South Islands, &lt;i&gt;Pse. palmicola&lt;/i&gt; ICMP 12878 was recovered once from pasture at a North Island research station in 1993, and &lt;i&gt;Pseudopithomyces&lt;/i&gt; sp. 'gladiolus NZ', which is currently undescribed. No species were unique to New Zealand, suggesting widespread global distribution. &lt;b&gt;Taxonomic novelties: New species:&lt;/b&gt; &lt;i&gt;Pseudopithomyces toxicarius&lt;/i&gt; B.S. Weir, D. Lee, J.S. Sidhu, & C.R. Voisey. &lt;b&gt;New combinations:&lt;/b&gt; &lt;i&gt;Pseudopithomyces cynodontis&lt;/i&gt; (M.B. Ellis) B.S. Weir & D. Lee, &lt;i&gt;Pseudopithomyces pavgii&lt;/i&gt; (V.R. Nath) B.S. Weir & D. Lee, &lt;i&gt;Pseudoxylomyces terricola&lt;/i&gt; (Manohar. & P. Rama Rao) B.S. Weir & D. Lee. &lt;b&gt;Citation:&lt;/b&gt; Weir BS, Sidhu JS, Brosnahan CL, Lee D,","PeriodicalId":22036,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Mycology","volume":"112 ","pages":"39-73"},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12786636/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145953023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genera of phytopathogenic fungi known from culture: 1-379.","authors":"P W Crous, J Z Groenewald, K Bensch, J Gené, J Guarro","doi":"10.3114/sim.2025.112.05","DOIUrl":"10.3114/sim.2025.112.05","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Approximately 200000 species of fungi have been described to date, representing nearly 8000 currently recognised genera. Many of these genera are regarded as plant pathogenic, as they include at least one species proven to cause pre- or postharvest plant disease. Following the abandonment of dual nomenclature and the advent of DNA sequencing and phylogenetic approaches, numerous para- and polyphyletic clades were resolved into distinct genera. These genera are now defined based on morphology, ecology, and DNA phylogeny. The present paper represents the first in a series that aims to provide descriptions, classification, illustrations, significant species, disease symptoms, and DNA data for the common genera of phytopathogenic fungi known from culture, including the first treatment of 379 genera. In addition, several new combinations, lecto-, epi-, or neotypes are also proposed. &lt;b&gt;Taxonomic novelties: New combinations:&lt;/b&gt; &lt;i&gt;Anisogramma coryli&lt;/i&gt; (Batsch) Crous, &lt;i&gt;Helostroma bacarum&lt;/i&gt; (Buhagiar) Aime & Bensch, &lt;i&gt;Hymenella cerealis&lt;/i&gt; (Ellis & Everh.) Crous & J.Z. Groenew., &lt;i&gt;Hypomyces multiseptatus&lt;/i&gt; (de Hoog) Crous & Bensch, &lt;i&gt;Hypomyces verticillatus&lt;/i&gt; (Link) Crous & Bensch, &lt;i&gt;Mastigocladium capsici&lt;/i&gt; (S.Q. Tong & Y.J. Wu) Lin Zhao & Crous, &lt;i&gt;Mastigocladium lepidopterorum&lt;/i&gt; (L.W. Hou &lt;i&gt;et al.&lt;/i&gt;) Lin Zhao & Crous, &lt;i&gt;Microstroma glucosiphilum&lt;/i&gt; (T. Kij. & Aime) Aime & Bensch, &lt;i&gt;Paraconiothyrium coniothyrium&lt;/i&gt; (Fuckel) Crous & Bensch, &lt;i&gt;Sclerophomella aquilegiicola&lt;/i&gt; (M. Petrov) Crous & Bensch, &lt;i&gt;Sclerophomella clematidina&lt;/i&gt; (Thüm.) Crous & Bensch, &lt;i&gt;Sclerophomella clematidis-rectae&lt;/i&gt; (Petr.) Crous & Bensch, &lt;i&gt;Sclerophomella glaucii&lt;/i&gt; (Brunaud) Crous & Bensch, &lt;i&gt;Sclerophomella humulicola&lt;/i&gt; (Chaiwan &lt;i&gt;et al.&lt;/i&gt;) Crous & Bensch, &lt;i&gt;Sclerophomella hydei&lt;/i&gt; (Maharachch. &lt;i&gt;et al.&lt;/i&gt;) Crous & Bensch, &lt;i&gt;Sclerophomella parvula&lt;/i&gt; (L.W. Hou &lt;i&gt;et al.&lt;/i&gt;) Crous & Bensch, &lt;i&gt;Sclerophomella petasitis&lt;/i&gt; (Tibpromma &lt;i&gt;et al.&lt;/i&gt;) Crous & Bensch, &lt;i&gt;Sclerophomella rosae&lt;/i&gt; (Qian Chen &lt;i&gt;et al.&lt;/i&gt;) Crous & Bensch, &lt;i&gt;Sclerophomella sandfjordenica&lt;/i&gt; (Crous & Rämä) Crous & Bensch, &lt;i&gt;Sclerophomella vincetoxici&lt;/i&gt; (De Not.) Crous & Bensch, &lt;i&gt;Sclerophomella vodakii&lt;/i&gt; (E. Müll.) Crous & Bensch; &lt;b&gt;New name:&lt;/b&gt; &lt;i&gt;Sclerophomella humuligena&lt;/i&gt; Crous & Bensch for &lt;i&gt;Calophoma humuli&lt;/i&gt; V. Thiyag. &lt;i&gt;et al.&lt;/i&gt; &lt;b&gt;New typifications (basionyms):&lt;/b&gt; &lt;i&gt;Ascochyta pisi&lt;/i&gt; Lib., &lt;i&gt;Cryptosphaeria glaucopunctata&lt;/i&gt; Grev., &lt;i&gt;Diaporthe cubensis&lt;/i&gt; Bruner, &lt;i&gt;Geotrichum candidum&lt;/i&gt; Link, &lt;i&gt;Hymenula cerealis&lt;/i&gt; Ellis & Everh., &lt;i&gt;Lanosa nivalis&lt;/i&gt; Fr., &lt;i&gt;Mauginiella scaettae&lt;/i&gt; Cavara, &lt;i&gt;Phaeophleospora eugeniae&lt;/i&gt; Rangel, &lt;i&gt;Pilidium acerinum&lt;/i&gt; Kunze, &lt;i&gt;Seiridium marginatum&lt;/i&gt; Nees, &lt;i&gt;Sphaeria melanostyla&lt;/i&gt; DC., &lt;i&gt;Sporendonema sebi&lt;/i&gt; Fr., &lt;i&gt;Tubercularia chaetospora&lt;/i&gt; Pat., &lt;i&gt;Wallemia ichthyophaga&lt;/i&gt; Johan-Olsen. &lt;b&gt;Citation:&lt;/b&gt; Crous PW, Groenewald JZ, Bensch K, Gené J, Guarro J (2025","PeriodicalId":22036,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Mycology","volume":"112 ","pages":"261-633"},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12786776/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145953096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Bionectriaceae</i>: a poorly known family of hypocrealean fungi with major commercial potential.","authors":"L Zhao, J Z Groenewald, L W Hou, R C Summerbell, P W Crous","doi":"10.3114/sim.2025.111.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3114/sim.2025.111.04","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The ascomycete family &lt;i&gt;Bionectriaceae&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;Hypocreales&lt;/i&gt;) contains cosmopolitan species distributed throughout a broad range of environments, mainly occurring in terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems, with a less frequent occurrence in marine habitats. Members of the family are commonly used in industrial, pharmaceutical, and commercial applications. Applications utilise biodegraders and biocontrol agents, while certain taxa serve as a rich source of bioactive secondary metabolites. In recent years, several studies have proposed new taxonomic concepts within &lt;i&gt;Bionectriaceae&lt;/i&gt; based on multi-gene phylogenetic inference. However, the status of several genera remains controversial or unclear, and many need to be re-collected and subjected to molecular analysis. The present study aims to improve our understanding of &lt;i&gt;Bionectriaceae&lt;/i&gt; by re-examining CBS culture collection strains preliminarily identified as taxa within this family. Morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses are based on alignments of the nuclear ribosomal subunits consisting of the internal transcribed spacer regions and intervening 5.8S nrDNA (ITS), as well as partial sequences for the 28S large subunit (LSU) nrDNA. Additional regions within protein-encoding genes were used, including the DNA-directed RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (&lt;i&gt;RPB2&lt;/i&gt;), and translation elongation factor 1-alpha (&lt;i&gt;TEF1&lt;/i&gt;) regions. The sequences generated were used to reconstruct a phylogenetic backbone of the family &lt;i&gt;Bionectriaceae&lt;/i&gt;, and to delineate lineages and generic boundaries within it. Based on these results, seven new genera, 35 new species, and nine new combinations are proposed. A robustly supported phylogenetic framework is provided for &lt;i&gt;Bionectriaceae&lt;/i&gt;, resolving 352 species and 50 well-supported genera. This study provides a solid foundation for more in-depth future studies on taxa in the family. &lt;b&gt;Taxonomic novelties:&lt;/b&gt; &lt;b&gt;New genera:&lt;/b&gt; &lt;i&gt;Clavatomyces&lt;/i&gt; Lin Zhao & Crous, &lt;i&gt;Collarimyces&lt;/i&gt; Lin Zhao & Crous, &lt;i&gt;Vitreipilata&lt;/i&gt; Lin Zhao & Crous, &lt;i&gt;Parageonectria&lt;/i&gt; Lin Zhao & Crous, &lt;i&gt;Physaromyces&lt;/i&gt; Lin Zhao & Crous, &lt;i&gt;Smyrniomyces&lt;/i&gt; Lin Zhao & Crous, &lt;i&gt;Urticomyces&lt;/i&gt; Lin Zhao & Crous. &lt;b&gt;New species:&lt;/b&gt; &lt;i&gt;Acremonium paramultiramosum&lt;/i&gt; Lin Zhao & Crous, &lt;i&gt;Clavatomyces prestoeae&lt;/i&gt; Lin Zhao & Crous, &lt;i&gt;Clonostachys novocaledonica&lt;/i&gt; Lin Zhao & Crous, &lt;i&gt;Clonostachys tropica&lt;/i&gt; Lin Zhao & Crous, &lt;i&gt;Collarimyces guttiformis&lt;/i&gt; Lin Zhao & Crous, &lt;i&gt;Emericellopsis mexicana&lt;/i&gt; Lin Zhao & Crous, &lt;i&gt;Emericellopsis proliferata&lt;/i&gt; Lin Zhao & Crous, &lt;i&gt;Emericellopsis soli&lt;/i&gt; Lin Zhao & Crous, &lt;i&gt;Fusariella triangulispora&lt;/i&gt; Lin Zhao & Crous, &lt;i&gt;Geonectria alni&lt;/i&gt; Lin Zhao & Crous, &lt;i&gt;Geonectria quercus&lt;/i&gt; Lin Zhao & Crous, &lt;i&gt;Geosmithia cupressina&lt;/i&gt; V. Meshram &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;i&gt;Geosmithia magnispora&lt;/i&gt; Lin Zhao & Crous, &lt;i&gt;Gliomastix olivacea&lt;/i&gt; Lin Zhao & Crous, &lt;i&gt;Hydropisphaera armeniaca&lt;/i&gt; Lin Zhao & Crous, &lt;i&gt;H","PeriodicalId":22036,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Mycology","volume":"111 ","pages":"115-198"},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12070156/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144080608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogenomics and functional annotation of 530 non-<i>Saccharomyces</i> yeasts from winemaking environments reveals their fermentome and flavorome.","authors":"R Franco-Duarte, T Fernandes, M J Sousa, P Sampaio, T Rito, P Soares","doi":"10.3114/sim.2025.111.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3114/sim.2025.111.01","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The winemaking industry faces unprecedented challenges due to climate change and market shifts, with profound commercial and socioeconomic repercussions. In response, non-<i>Saccharomyces</i> yeasts have gained attention for their potential to both mitigate these challenges and enhance the complexity of winemaking. This study builds upon our previous cataloguing of 293 non-<i>Saccharomyces</i> yeast species associated with winemaking environments by rigorously analysing 661 publicly available genomes. By employing a bioinformatics pipeline with stringent quality control checkpoints, we annotated and evaluated these genomes, culminating in a robust dataset of 530 non-<i>Saccharomyces</i> proteomes, belonging to 134 species, accessible to the research community. Employing this dataset, we conducted a comparative phylogenomic analysis to decipher metabolic networks related to fermentation capacity and flavor/aroma modulation. Our functional annotation has uncovered distinctive metabolic traits of non-<i>Saccharomyces</i> yeasts, elucidating their unique contributions to enology. Crucially, this work pioneers the identification of a non-<i>Saccharomyces</i> 'fermentome', a specific set of six genes uniquely present in fermentative species and absent in non-fermentative ones, and an expanded set of 35 genes constituting the complete fermentome. Moreover, we delineated a 'flavorome' by examining 96 genes across 19 metabolic categories implicated in wine aroma and flavour enhancement. These discoveries provide valuable genomic insights, offering new avenues for innovative winemaking practices and research. <b>Citation</b>: Franco-Duarte R, Fernandes T, Sousa MJ, Sampaio P, Rito T, Soares P (2025). Phylogenomics and functional annotation of 530 non-<i>Saccharomyces</i> yeasts from winemaking environments reveals their fermentome and flavorome. <i>Studies in Mycology</i> <b>111</b>: 1-17. doi: 10.3114/sim.2025.111.01.</p>","PeriodicalId":22036,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Mycology","volume":"111 ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12070155/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144080610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Camarosporidiella</i>, a challenge.","authors":"W M Jaklitsch, M N Blanco, F J Rejos, S Tello, H Voglmayr","doi":"10.3114/sim.2025.111.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3114/sim.2025.111.02","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The genus <i>Camarosporidiella</i> is here assessed with respect to its phylogenetic structure and species composition. More than 160 pure cultures from ascospores and conidia of more than 150 fresh collections, mostly from <i>Fabaceae</i>, were prepared as DNA sources. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of a multigene matrix of partial nuSSU-, complete ITS, partial LSU rDNA, and <i>tef1</i> exon sequences of our isolates and those of previous workers revealed that these markers are insufficient to provide a complete species resolution. From this reduced data matrix, however, we propose synonyms and accept taxa for previously described species, which could not be included in the final phylogenetic tree due to lack of <i>rpb2, tef1</i> intron and <i>tub2</i> sequences. The final phylogenetic tree, which was inferred from a combined nuSSU-ITS-LSU-<i>rpb2</i>-<i>tef1</i>-<i>tub2</i> sequence matrix resolved our isolates into 27 statistically supported phylogenetic species, of which 15 are new. Altogether 34 species are here accepted in <i>Camarosporidiella</i>. Using type studies we stabilise old names, lectotypify <i>Cucurbitaria asparagi, Cucurbitaria caraganae, Cucurbitaria coluteae, Cucurbitaria euonymi, Dichomera elaeagni Hendersonia mori, Sphaeria elongata, Sphaeria laburni</i> <i>Sphaeria spartii</i> and epitypify them as well as <i>Cucurbitaria cytisi, Cucurbitaria retamae</i> and <i>Cucurbitaria steineri</i> to place them in their correct phylogenetic positions and fix their taxonomic concepts. Morphology alone is not suitable to identify these species, and therefore no determinative key to species can be given. However, if hosts are reliably identified, many species can be determined without molecular data. Host images are included with the figures of each fungal species. <b>Taxonomic novelties:</b> <b>New species:</b> <i>Camarosporidiella aceris</i> Jaklitsch & Voglmayr, <i>Camarosporidiella aetnensis</i> Jaklitsch & Voglmayr, <i>Camarosporidiella aragonensis</i> Jaklitsch & Voglmayr, <i>Camarosporidiella asparagicola</i> Jaklitsch & Voglmayr, <i>Camarosporidiella astragalicola</i> Jaklitsch & Voglmayr, <i>Camarosporidiella cretica</i> Jaklitsch & Voglmayr, <i>Camarosporidiella echinosparti</i> Jaklitsch & Voglmayr, <i>Camarosporidiella hesperolaburni</i> Jaklitsch & Voglmayr, <i>Camarosporidiella longipedis</i> Jaklitsch & Voglmayr, <i>Camarosporidiella maroccana</i> Jaklitsch & Voglmayr, <i>Camarosporidiella ononidis</i> Jaklitsch & Voglmayr, <i>Camarosporidiella radiatae</i> Jaklitsch & Voglmayr, <i>Camarosporidiella spartioidis</i> Jaklitsch & Voglmayr, <i>Camarosporidiella sphaerocarpae</i> Jaklitsch & Voglmayr, <i>Camarosporidiella tridentatae</i> Jaklitsch & Voglmayr. <b>New combinations:</b> <i>Camarosporidiella asparagi</i> (Maire) Jaklitsch & Voglmayr, <i>Camarosporidiella caraganae</i> (P. Karst.) Jaklitsch & Voglmayr, <i>Camarosporidiella coluteae</i> (Rabenh.) Jaklitsch & Voglmayr, <i>Camarosporidiella cytisi</i> (Mirza) J","PeriodicalId":22036,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Mycology","volume":"111 ","pages":"19-100"},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12070158/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144080609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Section-level genome sequencing and comparative genomics of <i>Aspergillus</i> sections <i>Cavernicolus</i> and <i>Usti</i>.","authors":"J L Nybo, T C Vesth, S Theobald, J C Frisvad, T O Larsen, I Kjaerboelling, K Rothschild-Mancinelli, E K Lyhne, K Barry, A Clum, Y Yoshinaga, L Ledsgaard, C Daum, A Lipzen, A Kuo, R Riley, S Mondo, K LaButti, S Haridas, J Pangalinan, A A Salamov, B A Simmons, J K Magnuson, J Chen, E Drula, B Henrissat, A Wiebenga, R J M Lubbers, A Müller, A C Dos Santos Gomes, M R Mäkelä, J E Stajich, I V Grigoriev, U H Mortensen, R P de Vries, S E Baker, M R Andersen","doi":"10.3114/sim.2025.111.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3114/sim.2025.111.03","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The genus <i>Aspergillus</i> is diverse, including species of industrial importance, human pathogens, plant pests, and model organisms. <i>Aspergillus</i> includes species from sections <i>Usti</i> and <i>Cavernicolus</i>, which until recently were joined in section <i>Usti</i>, but have now been proposed to be non-monophyletic and were split by section <i>Nidulantes, Aenei</i> and <i>Raperi</i>. To learn more about these sections, we have sequenced the genomes of 13 <i>Aspergillus</i> species from section <i>Cavernicolus</i> (<i>A. cavernicola, A. californicus</i>, and <i>A. egyptiacus</i>), section <i>Usti</i> (<i>A. carlsbadensis, A. germanicus, A. granulosus, A. heterothallicus, A. insuetus, A. keveii, A. lucknowensis, A. pseudodeflectus</i> and <i>A. pseudoustus</i>), and section <i>Nidulantes</i> (<i>A. quadrilineatus</i>, previously <i>A. tetrazonus</i>). We compared these genomes with 16 additional species from <i>Aspergillus</i> to explore their genetic diversity, based on their genome content, repeat-induced point mutations (RIPs), transposable elements, carbohydrate-active enzyme (CAZyme) profile, growth on plant polysaccharides, and secondary metabolite gene clusters (SMGCs). All analyses support the split of section <i>Usti</i> and provide additional insights: Analyses of genes found only in single species show that these constitute genes which appear to be involved in adaptation to new carbon sources, regulation to fit new niches, and bioactive compounds for competitive advantages, suggesting that these support species differentiation in <i>Aspergillus</i> species. Sections <i>Usti</i> and <i>Cavernicolus</i> have mainly unique SMGCs. Section <i>Usti</i> contains very large and information-rich genomes, an expansion partially driven by CAZymes, as section <i>Usti</i> contains the most CAZyme-rich species seen in genus <i>Aspergillus</i>. Section <i>Usti</i> is clearly an underutilized source of plant biomass degraders and shows great potential as industrial enzyme producers. <b>Citation:</b> Nybo JL, Vesth TC, Theobald S, Frisvad JC, Larsen TO, Kjaerboelling I, Rothschild-Mancinelli K, Lyhne EK, Barry K, Clum A, Yoshinaga Y, Ledsgaard L, Daum C, Lipzen A, Kuo A, Riley R, Mondo S, LaButti K, Haridas S, Pangalinan J, Salamov AA, Simmons BA, Magnuson JK, Chen J, Drula E, Henrissat B, Wiebenga A, Lubbers RJM, Müller A, dos Santos Gomes AC, Mäkelä MR, Stajich JE, Grigoriev IV, Mortensen UH, de Vries RP, Baker SE, Andersen MR (2025). Section-level genome sequencing and comparative genomics of <i>Aspergillus</i> sections <i>Cavernicolus</i> and <i>Usti</i>. <i>Studies in Mycology</i> <b>111</b>: 101-114. doi: 10.3114/sim.2025.111.03.</p>","PeriodicalId":22036,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Mycology","volume":"111 ","pages":"101-114"},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12070157/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144080611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An integrative re-evaluation of the <i>Fusarium sambucinum</i> species complex.","authors":"M Sandoval-Denis, M M Costa, K Broders, Y Becker, W Maier, A Yurkov, A Kermode, A G Buddie, M J Ryan, R K Schumacher, J Z Groenewald, P W Crous","doi":"10.3114/sim.2025.110.01","DOIUrl":"10.3114/sim.2025.110.01","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The species-rich &lt;i&gt;Fusarium sambucinum&lt;/i&gt; species complex (FSAMSC; &lt;i&gt;Fusarium, Nectriaceae, Hypocreales&lt;/i&gt;) is well-known for including devastating plant pathogens and toxigenic species. However, this group of grass-loving fungi also accommodates soil saprobes, endophytes, mycoparasites and rare opportunistic pathogens of humans and other animals. Recent publications have highlighted the vast phylogenetic and biochemical diversity of the FSAMSC, although a large number of taxa in FSAMSC have not been systematically described and still lack Latin binomials. In this study we established the phylogenetic breadth of the FSAMSC using an integrative approach including morphological, multilocus phylogenetic, and coalescence analyses based on five gene regions (calmodulin, RNA polymerase II largest and second largest subunits, translation elongation factor 1-α, and β-tubulin). Results obtained support the recognition of 75 taxa in FSAMSC, including all the currently known species segregates of the Fusarium head-blight pathogen &lt;i&gt;F. graminearum s. lat.&lt;/i&gt; Thirty novel species are formally described and illustrated, while four phylogenetic species remain undescribed. An epitype is proposed for the generic type of &lt;i&gt;Fusarium, F. sambucinum&lt;/i&gt;, from recently collected material identified by means of morphology, phylogenetics and mating experiments, fixing the phylogenetic application of the name. Additional notes are included on the typification of &lt;i&gt;Fusisporium cerealis&lt;/i&gt; (syn. &lt;i&gt;Fusarium cerealis&lt;/i&gt;). &lt;b&gt;Taxonomic novelties: New species&lt;/b&gt;: &lt;i&gt;Fusarium agreste&lt;/i&gt; Sand.-Den., J.Z. Groenew. & Crous, &lt;i&gt;Fusarium amblysporum&lt;/i&gt; Sand.-Den., M.M. Costa, &lt;i&gt;Fusarium bananae&lt;/i&gt; Sand.-Den., M.M. Costa, &lt;i&gt;Fusarium bellum&lt;/i&gt; Sand.-Den., J.Z. Groenew. & Crous, &lt;i&gt;Fusarium brachypes&lt;/i&gt; Sand.-Den., J.Z. Groenew. & Crous, &lt;i&gt;Fusarium carinatum&lt;/i&gt; Sand.-Den., J.Z. Groenew. & Crous, &lt;i&gt;Fusarium cultriforme&lt;/i&gt; Sand.-Den., M.M. Costa, &lt;i&gt;Fusarium cuspidatum&lt;/i&gt; Sand.-Den., J.Z. Groenew. & Crous, &lt;i&gt;Fusarium cygneum&lt;/i&gt; Sand.-Den., J.Z. Groenew. & Crous, &lt;i&gt;Fusarium dimorphosporum&lt;/i&gt; Sand.-Den., M.M. Costa, J.Z. Groenew. & Crous, &lt;i&gt;Fusarium dolichosporum&lt;/i&gt; Sand.-Den., J.Z. Groenew. & Crous, &lt;i&gt;Fusarium gladiolum&lt;/i&gt; Sand.-Den., J.Z. Groenew. & Crous, &lt;i&gt;Fusarium hamatum&lt;/i&gt; Sand.-Den., M.M. Costa, J.Z. Groenew. & Crous, &lt;i&gt;Fusarium leptum&lt;/i&gt; Sand.-Den., J.Z. Groenew. & Crous, &lt;i&gt;Fusarium longicolle&lt;/i&gt; Sand.-Den., J.Z. Groenew. & Crous, &lt;i&gt;Fusarium magnum&lt;/i&gt; Sand.-Den., J.Z. Groenew. & Crous, &lt;i&gt;Fusarium mastigosporum&lt;/i&gt; Sand.-Den., M.M. Costa, J.Z. Groenew. & Crous, &lt;i&gt;Fusarium minutum&lt;/i&gt; Sand.-Den., J.Z. Groenew. & Crous, &lt;i&gt;Fusarium mucronatum&lt;/i&gt; Sand.-Den., J.Z. Groenew. & Crous, &lt;i&gt;Fusarium parabolicum&lt;/i&gt; Sand.-Den., J.Z. Groenew. & Crous, &lt;i&gt;Fusarium platysporum&lt;/i&gt; Sand.-Den., J.Z. Groenew. & Crous, &lt;i&gt;Fusarium pratense&lt;/i&gt; Sand.-Den., J.Z. Groenew. & Crous, &lt;i&gt;Fusarium&lt;/i&gt; &lt;i&gt;procumbens&lt;/i&gt; Sand.-Den., J.Z. Groenew. & Crous, &lt;i&gt;Fu","PeriodicalId":22036,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Mycology","volume":"110 ","pages":"1-110"},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12068374/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144052805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new family of ant-associated fungi in <i>Chaetothyriales</i>.","authors":"M Z Wang, R Belmonte-Lopes, T Pan, S A Ahmed, B P Rodrigues Lustosa, Y Quan, A M S Al-Hatmi, V E Mayer, H Voglmayr, M E Grisolia, B B J F de Souza Lima, V A Vicente, S Q Zhou, Y Cao, Y Q Kang, G S de Hoog","doi":"10.3114/sim.2025.110.02","DOIUrl":"10.3114/sim.2025.110.02","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The order &lt;i&gt;Chaetothyriales&lt;/i&gt; comprises the black yeasts and relatives, of which numerous species are prevalent as opportunists on human hosts. The present paper introduces a clade of species that live in ant nests inside hollow structures of tropical plants (so-called domatia) and their closest relatives. To clarify the evolutionary trajectory of the domatia-associated clade, molecular, morphological, and physiological data were analysed. The position of the domatia clade within the &lt;i&gt;Chaetothyriales&lt;/i&gt; was assessed by phylogenetic analysis of ITS and LSU. Species delimitations were calculated and genealogical concordance performed with a dataset including the gene of the ribosomal operon, β-tubulin (&lt;i&gt;BT2&lt;/i&gt;) and RNA polymerase II largest subunit (&lt;i&gt;RBP1&lt;/i&gt;). Genome sequencing allowed additional analysis of mating types, mitochondrial genomes, and estimation of a species tree based on the proteins of 770 single copy orthologous genes. A new family with two new genera in &lt;i&gt;Chaetothyriales&lt;/i&gt; was introduced to accommodate the taxa from ant-inhabited domatia and a related clade of plant- and rock-colonizing species. The family is monophyletic and has strong statistical support. Although species delimitation criteria suggested the separation of more than 10 species in the domatia-clade, genealogical concordance of ribosomal and housekeeping gene markers indicated genetic exchange. Seven new species were delineated, with species also being characterized by phenotypic features of fungal colony morphology, micromorphology, physiology and ecology. However, intra-specific variability remained exceptionally large and did not always match with ecological and geographic data. It is hypothesized that the high degrees of intra- and interspecific variability of some of the clades acknowledged as separate species might be related to extended periods of molecular evolution. The newly described species seem to have their preferred habitat in tropical ant nests, and they have adapted to this specific environment. Ant-domatia provide a remarkable habitat rich in volatile chemicals, which could be tolerated by the fungi under study. The family is distantly related to the family &lt;i&gt;Herpotrichiellaceae&lt;/i&gt; comprising numerous human-opportunistic species, where hydrocarbon tolerance has been hypothesized to play a role in black yeast evolution. &lt;b&gt;Taxonomic novelties: New family&lt;/b&gt;: &lt;i&gt;Domatiomycetaceae&lt;/i&gt; Meizhu Wang, Voglmayr, V.E. Mayer, S.A. Ahmed & de Hoog. &lt;b&gt;New genera&lt;/b&gt;: &lt;i&gt;Domatiomyces&lt;/i&gt; Meizhu Wang, Voglmayr, V.E. Mayer, S.A. Ahmed & de Hoog, &lt;i&gt;Lapsomyces&lt;/i&gt; Meizhu Wang, S.A. Ahmed & de Hoog. &lt;b&gt;New species&lt;/b&gt;: &lt;i&gt;Domatiomyces globalis&lt;/i&gt; Meizhu Wang, Voglmayr, V.E. Mayer, S.A. Ahmed & de Hoog, &lt;i&gt;Domatiomyces clavatus&lt;/i&gt; Meizhu Wang, Voglmayr, V.E. Mayer, S.A. Ahmed & de Hoog, &lt;i&gt;Domatiomyces catenatus&lt;/i&gt; Meizhu Wang, Voglmayr, V.E. Mayer, S.A. Ahmed & de Hoog, &lt;i&gt;Domatiomyces disarticulatus&lt;/i&gt; Meizhu Wang, Voglmayr, V.E. Mayer","PeriodicalId":22036,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Mycology","volume":"110 ","pages":"111-143"},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12068373/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144011030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New <i>Mucorales</i> from opposite ends of the world.","authors":"T T T Nguyen, A L C M de A Santiago, J E Hallsworth, T R L Cordeiro, K Voigt, P M Kirk, P W Crous, M A M Júnior, C Elsztein, H B Lee","doi":"10.3114/sim.2024.109.04","DOIUrl":"10.3114/sim.2024.109.04","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The <i>Mucorales</i> is a group of ancient fungi with global distribution. In the current study we accessed mucoralean fungi isolated from two countries on opposite sides of the Earth and in different hemispheres: South Korea and Brazil. <i>Mucorales</i> isolates were obtained from freshwater, soil, invertebrates, and fruit seeds and identified using phenotypic techniques combined with the DNA sequence data. These analyses revealed 15 new species including one that we affiliated to a newly proposed genus, <i>Neofennellomyces</i>. Names proposed for these 15 new species are <i>Absidia cheongyangensis, A. fluvii, A. kunryangriensis, A. paracylindrospora, A. tarda, A. variiprojecta, A. variispora, Backusella varians, Mucor albicolonia, M. aurantiacus, M. cryophilus, M. glutinatus, M. paraorantomantidis, M. timomeni,</i> and <i>Neofennellomyces jeongsukae</i>. Of these new species, 12 were isolated from South Korea: <i>A. cheongyangensis, A. fluvii, A. kunryangriensis, A. paracylindrospora, B. varians, M. albicolonia, M. aurantiacus, M. cryophilus, M. glutinatus, M. paraorantomantidis, M. timomeni,</i> and <i>N. jeongsukae</i>, and three from Brazil: <i>A. tarda</i>, <i>A. variiprojecta</i>, and <i>A. variispora</i>. Niche specificity of these fungi is discussed including newly recorded invertebrate hosts and a new geographic distribution for species of <i>Backusella</i>, <i>Circinella</i>, <i>Cunninghamella</i>, and <i>Mucor</i>. Given these findings, we provide an inventory of <i>Mucorales</i>. <b>Taxonomic novelties: New genus:</b> <i>Neofennellomyces</i> Hyang B. Lee & T.T.T. Nguyen. <b>New species:</b> <i>Absidia cheongyangensis</i> Hyang B. Lee & T.T.T. Nguyen, <i>Absidia fluvii</i> Hyang B. Lee, A.L. Santiago, P.M. Kirk, K. Voigt & T.T.T. Nguyen, <i>Absidia kunryangriensis</i> Hyang B. Lee & T.T.T. Nguyen, <i>Absidia paracylindrospora</i> Hyang B. Lee & T.T.T. Nguyen, <i>Absidia tarda</i> T.R.L. Cordeiro, Hyang B. Lee & A.L. Santiago, <i>Absidia variiprojecta</i> T.R.L. Cordeiro & A.L. Santiago, <i>Absidia variispora</i> T.R.L. Cordeiro & A.L. Santiago, <i>Backusella varians</i> Hyang B. Lee & T.T.T. Nguyen, <i>Mucor aurantiacus</i> Hyang B. Lee & T.T.T. Nguyen, <i>Mucor cryophilus</i> Hyang B. Lee & T.T.T. Nguyen, <i>Mucor albicolonia</i> Hyang B. Lee & T.T.T. Nguyen, <i>Mucor glutinatus</i> Hyang B. Lee & T.T.T. Nguyen, <i>Mucor paraorantomantidis</i> Hyang B. Lee & T.T.T. Nguyen, <i>Mucor timomeni</i> Hyang B. Lee & T.T.T. Nguyen, <i>Neofennellomyces jeongsukae</i> Hyang B. Lee & T.T.T. Nguyen. <b>Citation:</b> Nguyen TTT, de A. Santiago ALCM, Hallsworth JE, Cordeiro TRL, Voigt K, Kirk PM, Crous PW, Júnior MAM, Elsztein C, Lee HB (2024). New <i>Mucorales</i> from opposite ends of the world. <i>Studies in Mycology</i> <b>109</b>: 273-321. doi: 10.3114/sim.2024.109.04.</p>","PeriodicalId":22036,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Mycology","volume":"109 ","pages":"273-321"},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11663423/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142883003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}