steel research international最新文献_第7页

Dissolution of Primary Carbides and Formation and Healing of Kirkendall Voids in Bearing Steel under Pulsed Electric Current

IF 1.9 3区材料科学

steel research international Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1002/srin.202400400

Zhongxue Wang, Tao Zhang, Mengcheng Zhou, Mingkui Zhang, Jinchao Ma, Xinfang Zhang, Jingdong Guo, Jide Liu, Yizhou Zhou

{"title":"Dissolution of Primary Carbides and Formation and Healing of Kirkendall Voids in Bearing Steel under Pulsed Electric Current","authors":"Zhongxue Wang, Tao Zhang, Mengcheng Zhou, Mingkui Zhang, Jinchao Ma, Xinfang Zhang, Jingdong Guo, Jide Liu, Yizhou Zhou","doi":"10.1002/srin.202400400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202400400","url":null,"abstract":"The alloying elements in 8Cr4Mo4V bearing steel tend to form large primary carbides with carbon, which not only causes element segregation but also becomes the primary source of fatigue crack initiation, thereby decreasing the material's usability and machinability. Owing to the excellent thermal stability of primary carbides, traditional homogenization annealing requires high temperatures, which is both time- and energy-intensive. Excessively high heat treatment temperatures can also result in “overburning” of the sample. Herein, primary carbides are rapidly dissolved at low temperatures using pulsed electric current treatment. The additional free energy introduced by the pulsed electric current lowers the thermodynamic barrier for carbide dissolution. During the second-phase dissolution process, the unbalanced diffusion of elements may cause the formation of Kirkendall voids. Due to the difference in electrical conductivity between the voids and the matrix, the pulsed electric current generates thermal compressive stress on the voids, promoting rapid atom migration to these voids and accelerating their healing. This pulse-current treatment technology offers a novel method for the rapid dissolution of carbides in alloys at low temperatures and for the rapid healing of related voids.","PeriodicalId":21929,"journal":{"name":"steel research international","volume":"96 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143115996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimization of Hydrogen Utilization and Process Efficiency in the Direct Reduction of Iron Oxide Pellets: A Comprehensive Analysis of Processing Parameters and Pellet Composition

IF 1.9 3区材料科学

steel research international Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1002/srin.202400565

Angelo Perrone, Pasquale Cavaliere, Behzad Sadeghi, Leandro Dijon, Aleksandra Laska

{"title":"Optimization of Hydrogen Utilization and Process Efficiency in the Direct Reduction of Iron Oxide Pellets: A Comprehensive Analysis of Processing Parameters and Pellet Composition","authors":"Angelo Perrone, Pasquale Cavaliere, Behzad Sadeghi, Leandro Dijon, Aleksandra Laska","doi":"10.1002/srin.202400565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202400565","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the H2 consumption for different processing conditions and the composition of the processed pellets during the direct reduction process. The experiments are carried out at 600–1300 °C, with gas pressures of 1–5 bar, gas flow rates of 1–5 L min−1, and basicity indices of 0 to 2.15. Pellets with different compositions of TiO2, Al2O3, CaO, and SiO2 are analyzed. The gas flow rate is crucial, with 0–10 L min−1 leading to an H2 consumption of 0–5.1 kg H2/kg pellet. The gas pressure (0–10 bar) increases the H2 consumption from 0 to 5.1 kg H2/kg pellet. Higher temperatures (600–1300 °C) reduce H2 consumption from 5.1 to 0 kg H2/kg pellet, most efficiently at 950–1050 °C, where it decreases from 0.22 to 0.10 kg H2/kg pellet. An increase in TiO2 content from 0% to 0.92% lowers H2 consumption from 0.22 to 0.10 kg H2/kg pellet, while a higher Fe content (61–67.5%) also reduces it. An increase in SiO2 content from 0% to 3% increases H2 consumption from 0 to 5.1 kg H2/kg pellet. Porosity structure influences H2 consumption, with the average pore size decreasing from 2.83 to 0.436 mm with increasing TiO2 content, suggesting that micropores increase H2 consumption and macropores decrease it.","PeriodicalId":21929,"journal":{"name":"steel research international","volume":"96 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/srin.202400565","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143115580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microstructure and Precipitation of a Cu–Ni Alloyed Medium-Mn Duplex Low-Density Steel Prepared by Near-Rapid Solidification

IF 1.9 3区材料科学

steel research international Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1002/srin.202400623

Mingxiang Liu, Song Liu, Changjiang Song

{"title":"Microstructure and Precipitation of a Cu–Ni Alloyed Medium-Mn Duplex Low-Density Steel Prepared by Near-Rapid Solidification","authors":"Mingxiang Liu, Song Liu, Changjiang Song","doi":"10.1002/srin.202400623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202400623","url":null,"abstract":"A Cu–Ni-alloyed medium-Mn duplex low-density steel with a composition of Fe–9Mn–5.5Al–0.3C–3Ni–1.5Cu (wt%) is prepared by near-rapid solidification. The microstructure features of the alloy under as-cast, cold-rolling, and heat treatments are studied. The effect of Cu- and Ni-alloying elements on the microstructure and precipitates is discussed. In the results, it is shown that martensite and nanoscale precipitates are found in the microstructure of near-rapid solidification. The enrichment of Cu is found at the phase boundaries of austenite and ferrite. A large number of annealing twins are present in the microstructure of cold-rolled and annealed alloy. In the first principles and thermodynamic calculations, it is shown that Ni element is capable to shorten the nucleation incubation time of Cu precipitates. In addition, the interface segregation of Ni and Al elements reduces the adhesion work of Cu particles with the matrix. Both Cu and Ni elements increase the stacking fault energy of the alloy, which is increased from 37.3 to 44.2 mJ m−2. The contributions of precipitation strengthening and twinning strengthening to the strength of the alloy are 72 and 86 MPa, respectively, while the dominant contribution of dislocation hardening to the strength is 326 MPa.","PeriodicalId":21929,"journal":{"name":"steel research international","volume":"96 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143497028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Partition Temperature on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Cold-Rolled Medium-Manganese Steel

IF 1.9 3区材料科学

steel research international Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1002/srin.202400562

Yuhang Zhu, Guocheng Ren, Cainian Jing, Tao Lin, Yingming Tu

{"title":"Effect of Partition Temperature on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Cold-Rolled Medium-Manganese Steel","authors":"Yuhang Zhu, Guocheng Ren, Cainian Jing, Tao Lin, Yingming Tu","doi":"10.1002/srin.202400562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202400562","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of different heat-treatment conditions on the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of cold-rolled Fe–7.69Mn–2.76Al–0.12C (wt%) steel is investigated using various techniques, including scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray diffraction. In the results, it is shown that the stability of austenite is significantly affected by different partitioning temperatures. It is found that factors such as dislocation density, temperature, and grain size collectively influence partitioning behavior. In the observations, it is revealed that when the partitioning temperature is raised from 120 to 180 °C, the dislocation density of the face centered cubic phase within the test steel decreases from 10.38 × 1016 to 7.67 × 1016 m−2. Additionally, within specimens exhibiting higher dislocation densities, carbon element diffusion is more uniform. During the experiment, the poor stability of the austenite is found to be susceptible to stress-inducing the phase of the martensitic transformation, and the type of the martensite transformation affects the deformation process and the performance of submission behavior. In the observations under TEM, a phenomenon where variations in dislocation density within individual austenite grains may lead to differing stability across grain regions is revealed, thereby triggering localized martensitic phase transformations.","PeriodicalId":21929,"journal":{"name":"steel research international","volume":"96 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143497029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Precipitation Refinement via Aging Time Modification for Enhancing Wear Resistance in Ti–V–Nb Microalloyed High-Manganese Steels

IF 1.9 3区材料科学

steel research international Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1002/srin.202400397

Hongli Cao, Xin Chen, Delei Mu, Tongtao Wei, Hongxing Guo, Sida Chen, Xiaomin Huang, Zulai Li, Quan Shan

{"title":"Precipitation Refinement via Aging Time Modification for Enhancing Wear Resistance in Ti–V–Nb Microalloyed High-Manganese Steels","authors":"Hongli Cao, Xin Chen, Delei Mu, Tongtao Wei, Hongxing Guo, Sida Chen, Xiaomin Huang, Zulai Li, Quan Shan","doi":"10.1002/srin.202400397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202400397","url":null,"abstract":"It is imperative to ensure an even distribution of refined precipitates to enhance wear resistance. Herein, different heat treatments are to control the size and distribution of precipitates. The treatments include water quenching at 1100 °C followed by aging at 400 °C for 24, 60, and 84 h, designated as AT24, AT60, and AT84, respectively. The microstructure, mechanical properties, and impact wear properties of high-manganese steel are investigated under solution and aging conditions using scanning electron microscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, tensile testing, and impact abrasive wear testing. Notably, the absence of nanoscale precipitates largely accounts for the poor wear resistance of as-casting steel, whereas the strengthening effect of larger micrometer-sized precipitates is insufficient. After the solution and aging treatment, nanosized precipitates continuously form within the matrix, conducive to the formation of the deeper work-hardening layer, thereby improving the wear resistance. The fine micrometer-sized precipitates and evenly distributed nanoscale precipitates in AT60 actively contribute to toughness. Additionally, these precipitates interact with slip dislocations, providing stronger strengthening via the Orowan looping mechanism. The wear mechanisms of steel can be transformed from wide, deep pits to shallow grooves and microcutting by extending the aging time.","PeriodicalId":21929,"journal":{"name":"steel research international","volume":"96 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143115328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysis of Flow Pattern and Bubble Behavior in Slab Continuous Casting with Mold Electromagnetic Stirring

IF 1.9 3区材料科学

steel research international Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1002/srin.202400591

Haibiao Lu, Qiao Cheng, Yunbo Zhong, Changgui Cheng, WeiLi Ren, Zhongming Ren, Zuosheng Lei

{"title":"Analysis of Flow Pattern and Bubble Behavior in Slab Continuous Casting with Mold Electromagnetic Stirring","authors":"Haibiao Lu, Qiao Cheng, Yunbo Zhong, Changgui Cheng, WeiLi Ren, Zhongming Ren, Zuosheng Lei","doi":"10.1002/srin.202400591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202400591","url":null,"abstract":"The electromagnetic stirring (EMS) and argon blowing are the widely recognized and extensively employed technologies to control the flow pattern in slab continuous casting, and their interaction is directly linked to the final product. To investigate the flow pattern, bubble characteristics under mold EMS and argon blowing, a mathematical model coupling the electromagnetic field, two-phase flow is constructed. The population balance model (PBM) under the Eulerian frame is applied to describe the bubbles breakage and coalescence. The results show that the flow regime under the interaction of argon blowing and EMS transfers from bubble ascending flow to intermediate flow to horizontal recirculation flow as EMS current increases, and the large argon flow rate could suppress the formation of horizontal recirculation flow. Meanwhile, EMS can promote the coalescence of bubbles, with the increasing EMS current, the bubble numbers decrease first and then increase, and the bubble mean diameter increases first and then decreases. For obtaining the horizontal recirculation flow, the suitable argon flow rate and EMS current should be matched suitably.","PeriodicalId":21929,"journal":{"name":"steel research international","volume":"96 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143497014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study on Microstructure and Low-Temperature Impact Toughness in Coarse Grain Heat-Affected Zone of EH460 Steel

IF 1.9 3区材料科学

steel research international Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.1002/srin.202400276

Pengyan Zhang, Yi Yang, Zhenyi Huang, Qiang Yue, Ke Zhang

引用次数: 0

Effect of Direct Current Electric Field on the Clogging Behavior of Submerged Entry Nozzle During Casting of UltraLow-Carbon Steel

IF 1.9 3区材料科学

steel research international Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1002/srin.202400395

Kaiwang Chen, Lei Yuan, Qiang Gu, Guoqi Liu, Jianjun Zhi, Jingkun Yu, Hongxia Li

引用次数: 0

Effect of Carbide Precipitation on Hardness and Wear Resistance of H13 Steel

IF 1.9 3区材料科学

steel research international Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1002/srin.202400345

Xingfu Yu, He Ma, Yong Su, Yinghua Wei, Yufeng Sun, Shuai Yang, Dongyue Zheng

{"title":"Effect of Carbide Precipitation on Hardness and Wear Resistance of H13 Steel","authors":"Xingfu Yu, He Ma, Yong Su, Yinghua Wei, Yufeng Sun, Shuai Yang, Dongyue Zheng","doi":"10.1002/srin.202400345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202400345","url":null,"abstract":"The carbide precipitation of H13 steel and its effect on hardness and friction and wear resistance are investigated by microstructure observation, phase analysis, and mechanical property test. Results show that the tempering hardness is mainly related to the content of secondary carbides. After solution treatment in the temperature range of 1040–1070 °C, quenching and tempering, with the increase of the solution temperature, the content of secondary carbides and hardness of H13 steel in the tempering microstructure increase first and then decrease, and both reach the maximum value when the solution temperature is 1060 °C. The change of hardness is consistent with that of the content of secondary carbides. When the solution temperature is 1040 °C, the wear mass loss of the tempered H13 steel is the least, which is 4.63 mg, indicating that its wear resistance is the best, and this is caused by the presence of more undissolved carbides in the tempering microstructure. With the increase of the solution temperature, the wear mass loss increases gradually, and the wear resistance decreases, which is mainly related to the content decrease of undissolved and secondary carbides and the content increase of residual austenite.","PeriodicalId":21929,"journal":{"name":"steel research international","volume":"96 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143113958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Preparation of Oxidized Pellets of Vanadium Titanium Magnetite and Direct Reduction Behavior in Hydrogen-Based Shaft Furnace

IF 1.9 3区材料科学

steel research international Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1002/srin.202400480

Jue Tang, Mansheng Chu, Jinge Feng, Zichuan Zhao, Hongyu Tian

引用次数: 0