steel research international最新文献

{"title":"Numerical Simulation of Solute Transport Behavior During the Grade Transition of Round Billet Continuous Casting","authors":"WenChao Zhang,&nbsp;ZhouHua Jiang,&nbsp;YongLei Leng,&nbsp;FuBin Liu,&nbsp;XiuGang Yin,&nbsp;LiKun Ren,&nbsp;Wei Xing,&nbsp;YingNan Zhang","doi":"10.1002/srin.202400522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202400522","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Grade transitions in continuous casting can significantly improve casting machine productivity and reduce production costs. Accurate prediction of the mixing zone length is essential. A two-dimensional transient model for grade transition in continuous casting is developed by integrating fluid flow, thermosolute transfer, and solidification. The model predicts the mixing zone changes at various casting speeds. The results indicate that positive segregation of the old steel (Q355NE) occurred at the billet's center, while the maximum negative segregation appears in the billet shell region. The process involves pausing the solidification of the grade transition connectors and the billet shell before casting is resumed with the introduction of a new steel (42CrMo). The extent of the mixing zone is determined by the carbon concentration at the centerline and 1/2 R. Numerical simulations of the temperature field and solute distribution trends are closely aligned with experimental data, validating the accuracy of the solute transport model. Although excessively slow speeds may disrupt the straightening process, reducing the casting speed and decreasing the mixing zone size. This study result provides theoretical guidance for the grade transition in large section round billet continuous casting.</p>","PeriodicalId":21929,"journal":{"name":"steel research international","volume":"96 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144191214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical Investigation on Heat Transfer Efficiency from Gas to Scrap in Feeding System of 100 t Consteel Electric Arc Furnace","authors":"Hong-Chun Zhu,&nbsp;Tao Pan,&nbsp;Zhuo-Wen Ni,&nbsp;Zhou-Hua Jiang,&nbsp;Hua-Bing Li,&nbsp;Hong-Bin Lu,&nbsp;Ce Yang,&nbsp;Zhi-Yu He,&nbsp;Hao Feng,&nbsp;Shu-Cai Zhang","doi":"10.1002/srin.202400594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202400594","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Consteel electric arc furnace (EAF) has gained rapid development in the field of EAF steelmaking due to its advantageous features including short tap-to-tap time, low production energy consumption, and waste heat recovery. However, the low heat transfer efficiency from gas to scrap has remained a persistent technical challenge in Consteel EAF. This research establishes a scrap preheating model for the Consteel EAF to comprehensively investigate the heat transfer efficiency from gas to scrap. The calculation results demonstrate that the heat transfer efficiency from gas to scrap can be effectively enhanced by increasing the initial gas velocity and scrap porosity. Specifically, raising the initial gas velocity from 0.9 to 1.5 m s⁻¹ improves convective and radiative heat exchange, leading to increased heat transfer efficiency from gas to scrap at the same positions within the scrap layer. Moreover, increasing the scrap porosity from 0.92 to 0.98 significantly enhances the heat transfer efficiency through augmented radiation heat exchange. Notably, the improvement in heat transfer efficiency resulting from increased porosity is considerably greater than that achieved through increased gas velocity. The findings of this study hold significant practical implications for the actual field production operations in the horizontal continuous feeding system of EAF.</p>","PeriodicalId":21929,"journal":{"name":"steel research international","volume":"96 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144190826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of CaO/SiO2 and Al2O3/SiO2 Mass Ratios on Structure and Viscosity of Mold Flux for Continuous Casting High-Mn High-Al Steel","authors":"Qiang Liu,&nbsp;Wei Wang,&nbsp;Ming Gao,&nbsp;Shen Du,&nbsp;Yanbin Yin,&nbsp;Jiongming Zhang","doi":"10.1002/srin.202400740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202400740","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;During continuous casting process of high-Mn high-Al steel, soluble Al in the steel typically reacts with SiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; in the mold flux, resulting in a decrease in SiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; content and an increase in Al&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; contents in the flux. The structure of slags with varying CaO/SiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and Al&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;/SiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; mass ratio is investigated using Raman spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. In the deconvolution results of Raman and NMR spectra, it is shown that the relative fractions of &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;msubsup&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;Q&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mtext&gt;Si&lt;/mtext&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msubsup&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$Q_{text{Si}}^{0}$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;msubsup&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;Q&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mtext&gt;Si&lt;/mtext&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msubsup&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$Q_{text{Si}}^{1}$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; significantly increase, while &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;msubsup&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;Q&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mtext&gt;Si&lt;/mtext&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msubsup&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$Q_{text{Si}}^{2}$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;msubsup&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;Q&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mtext&gt;Si&lt;/mtext&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;3&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msubsup&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$Q_{text{Si}}^{3}$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; gradually decrease with an increase in the CaO/SiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; mass ratio from 0.52 to 1.02, resulting in depolymerization of the bridge oxygen structure. The silicon–oxygen tetrahedron transforms into aluminum–oxygen tetrahedron when the Al&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;/SiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; mass ratio increased from 0.05 to 1.01. The viscosity of the slags with varying composition from 1573 to 1373 K is investigated. In the results, it is shown that with an increase in the CaO/SiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; mass ratio, the viscosity decreases, and the complex Si&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;O network structure is depolymerized. The viscosity decreases first as the Al&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;/SiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; mass ratio increases from 0.05 to 0.24 and then increases as the mass ratio from 0.24 to 1.01, with the network forme","PeriodicalId":21929,"journal":{"name":"steel research international","volume":"96 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144191216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation into Recycling of Iron Oxide Scale on H13 Steel by Low-Temperature Carbothermal Reduction Method","authors":"Haojie Wang,&nbsp;Xuanqi Jiang,&nbsp;Xijie Wang,&nbsp;Guangqiang Li,&nbsp;Zhiyuan Chen,&nbsp;Fangqin Dai,&nbsp;Qiang Wang","doi":"10.1002/srin.202400718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202400718","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000The current method for recovering iron oxide scale in the steel industry is not economically optimal, especially for high-alloy scales found in alloyed steel. This study focuses on iron oxide scale containing valuable metals like chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), and vanadium (V). The required carbon addition is calculated based on the iron and chromium oxides in the scale. The effects of varying carbon additions and reduction temperatures on reduction efficiency are thoroughly examined. Kinetic studies show that as temperature and carbon increase, the rate-limiting step shifts from interfacial diffusion to interfacial reaction. Reduction experiments assess carbon utilization, metallization rate, deoxidation rate, and removal of harmful elements. Results show that high temperatures hinder sulfur (S) and phosphorus (P) removal, and excess carbon reduces carbon utilization efficiency. Optimal conditions are a carbon ratio of 0.2174 and a temperature of 1150 °C. The carbothermic reduction product requires further refinement through conventional ladle slag systems to meet the quality standards for metallic materials. Over 65% of alloying elements are recovered, though phosphorus content remains slightly higher than in finished alloy steel. The materials from this study are suitable as high-quality intermediates for alloy steel production.</p>","PeriodicalId":21929,"journal":{"name":"steel research international","volume":"96 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144191001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Inclusion Size Distributions in a Large Forged Shaft Using X-ray Micro-Computed Tomography Imaging","authors":"Fei Sun,&nbsp;Long Liu,&nbsp;Bo Ma,&nbsp;Zhe Liu,&nbsp;Changan Liu,&nbsp;Guoqiang Liu,&nbsp;Zhen Zhang,&nbsp;Linan Tian,&nbsp;Zhengci Wang,&nbsp;Ming Zhang","doi":"10.1002/srin.202400612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202400612","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000The presence of nonmetallic inclusions in steel considerably affects the material's properties. This study investigates these effects by sampling six locations along the radial direction of a large forged shaft to analyze the distribution characteristics of inclusions. Scanning electron microscopy and optical microscopy are used to identify the types and morphologies of the inclusions. X-ray micro-computed tomography scanning provides detailed distribution data, including the length, width, equivalent diameter, and shape of the inclusions. This approach allows for a comprehensive understanding of the radial distribution characteristics of inclusions in the forged shaft. The results reveal that both the quantity and size of inclusions in the large forged shaft increase progressively from the edge toward the center. Additionally, the fatigue strength is estimated based on the inclusion distribution at various locations. The prediction shows a relative error exceeding 15%, indicating that the heterogeneity of the components considerably affects their fatigue performance. Finally, a novel method for predicting the maximum inclusion size within the heterogeneous large forged shaft is introduced.</p>","PeriodicalId":21929,"journal":{"name":"steel research international","volume":"96 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144190897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancement in Laser-Based Directed Energy Deposition of Stainless Steel on Microstructural Changes in Mechanical and Wear Properties","authors":"Tishta Das,&nbsp;Himadri Roy,&nbsp;Aditya K. Lohar,&nbsp;Sudip K. Samanta","doi":"10.1002/srin.202400548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202400548","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000Laser additive manufacturing (LAM) has witnessed significant growth in recent years, particularly in the processing of stainless steel due to its corrosion resistance and favorable mechanical properties. In LAM, laser-directed energy deposition (L-DED) process offers unique advantages, allowing for the production of large and intricate components with high material utilization and reduced material wastage. Despite its numerous advantages, challenges such as controlling heat input, achieving precise layering, and minimizing residual stresses need to be addressed. The importance of understanding these challenges and mitigation of it, is one of major concern of L-DED-processed stainless steel parts. Existing review on metal additive manufacturing has primarily focused on tool steel and stainless steels (austenitic) with an emphasis on process parameter optimization and their effects on deposited part. However, there is a critical gap in understanding how the process parameters impact the evolution of microstructure during deposition, subsequently influencing mechanical and wear properties. Therefore, this review aims to fill that gap by conducting a comprehensive study on L-DED processed especially 15-5 precipitation-hardened and stainless steel (SS) 316L, focusing on microstructural characteristics, texture evolution, microhardness variation, and their influence on mechanical properties and wear resistance. The significance of this review lies in providing valuable insights into the process structure–property relationships of L-DED processed stainless steel especially in precipitation-hardened and austenitic grade steel.</p>","PeriodicalId":21929,"journal":{"name":"steel research international","volume":"96 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144190898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling the Impact of Varying Levels of Inclusion Adhesion on Deposition in a Pilot-Scale Nozzle","authors":"Kaamil Ur Rahman Mohamed Shibly,&nbsp;Stephen Tullis,&nbsp;André B. Phillion","doi":"10.1002/srin.202400351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202400351","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The deposition and accumulation of inclusions is the dominant mechanism in nozzle clogging of the submerged entry nozzle. Previous modeling attempts of inclusion deposition have assumed that any contact between the inclusion and nozzle wall results in adhesion. Herein, an Eulerian–Lagrangian simulation with a stochastic adhesion model is used to study the effects of different inclusion-wall sticking probability (<i>S</i>_wall) on inclusion deposition. The results indicate that inclusion deposition is affected by both melt height and <i>S</i>_wall. Lower melt heights result in increased deposition deeper into the nozzle and greater maximum particle area number density. The effect of <i>S</i>_wall on the global deposition ratio can be divided into two regimes. When <i>S</i>_wall increases from 0–0.05, there is a rapid rise in the global deposition ratio. When <i>S</i>_wall &gt; 0.05, the global deposition ratio increases only modestly with <i>S</i>_wall. Changes to <i>S</i>_wall also affect the location of deposition. When <i>S</i>_wall decreases, the high and mid cases show greater relative deposition in the cone and taper sections of the nozzle, while the low melt height case shows greater relative deposition in the straight section of the nozzle.</p>","PeriodicalId":21929,"journal":{"name":"steel research international","volume":"96 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/srin.202400351","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143497027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Cold Drawing on Phase Transformation and Tensile Properties of FeCrMn Austenitic Stainless Steel 201","authors":"Mohammad Masoumi,&nbsp;Silvio E. de Oliveira,&nbsp;Marcelo Paredes","doi":"10.1002/srin.202400469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202400469","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Manganese stabilizes the austenite and reduces the stacking fault energy in face-centered cubic (FCC) structures, promoting the formation of hexagonal and cubic structures. This study investigates the phase transformation and mechanical behavior of extremely low-carbon FeCrMn austenitic stainless AISI 201 steel subjected to cold drawing in three stages, ultimately reaching a true strain of 0.93. The objective is to examine the transformation from the parent FCC structure to hexagonal close-packed and body-centered cubic structures as a combination of transformation-induced plasticity and twinning-induced plasticity phenomena. X-ray diffraction and electron backscatter diffraction analyses are utilized to investigate phase transformations under significant plastic deformation and the crystallographic orientation relationships between phases. Additionally, tensile and hardness tests are performed to assess the impact of plastic deformation on mechanical properties. Results indicate that a true strain of 50% is optimal for balancing strength and ductility in CrMnFe austenitic stainless steel. After applying a true strain of <i>ε</i>₁ = 26.7%, yield strength (YS) increases by 192% and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) by 35%, while elongation reduces by 41%. With a further strain of <i>ε</i>₂ = 57.5%, YS increases by 71% and UTS by 44%, but elongation drastically decreases by 94%. Applying the final strain of <i>ε</i>₃ = 94.0%, YS and UTS only increase by 3% and 2%, respectively, while elongation further reduced by 40%. These findings suggest that a true strain of 50% shall be considered the maximum reduction for maintaining a balance between strength and ductility in CrMnFe austenitic stainless steel.</p>","PeriodicalId":21929,"journal":{"name":"steel research international","volume":"96 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144191054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Through a Controlled Quenching to Achieve a Good Combination of Mechanical Properties in Low-Yield Ratio 900 MPa High-Strength Low-Alloy Steels","authors":"Chengyu Guo,&nbsp;Li Gong,&nbsp;Feng Xue,&nbsp;Chunduo Dai,&nbsp;Zhe Zhang,&nbsp;Huaxing Hou","doi":"10.1002/srin.202400571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202400571","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Two distinct heat treatments, that is, intercritical quenching combined with low-temperature tempering (QT) to control the initial quenching temperature, and salt-bath quenching combined with partitioning (Q&amp;P) to regulate the final quenching temperature, were employed on high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steels to achieve multiphase microstructures characterized by high strength, low yield ratio, and good impact toughness. Comprehensive experiments involving tension test, low-temperature impact, microstructural observation, and in situ tension have been conducted to compare the microstructures and mechanical properties. It is found that both kinds of specimens can achieve a good match between high strength-toughness and low yield ratio. The microstructures are composed of lath martensite with ferrite for QT specimen and tempered martensite with bainite for the Q&amp;P specimen, a combination of “soft” and “hard” phases thus resulting in a yield ratio lower than 0.85 for 900 MPa low-alloy steels. Notably, the Q&amp;P specimen exhibited a markedly superior uniform elongation of 6.1% compared to the QT counterpart of 3.2%, a phenomenon attributed to the work hardening rate during deformation. A combination of strong and weak lath structures in tempered martensite and bainite can induce dislocation propagation and the carbides can act as obstacles to dislocation motion, jointly enhancing work hardening.</p>","PeriodicalId":21929,"journal":{"name":"steel research international","volume":"96 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144191056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mesoscopic Tensile Deformation of Steel Cord with Diverse Layered Nonuniformity Based on Microcomputed Tomography Optimizing Simulation Model","authors":"Yong Li,&nbsp;Xue Ma,&nbsp;Lingkang Kong,&nbsp;Shanling Han,&nbsp;Long Chen,&nbsp;Yanan Miao","doi":"10.1002/srin.202400527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202400527","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The finite-element analysis plays a crucial role in enhancing the quality and predicting the safety of steel cord. The conventional parametric model for finite-element analysis often overlooks the inhomogeneity of steel cord, making it difficult to achieve precise simulation. This article utilizes microcomputed tomography to track the mesoscopic deformation of real steel cord during stretching, reconstructing 3D digital images and quantitatively analyzing the corresponding rule for an optimized finite-element modeling method. In comparison to the parametric model's experimental deviation of 28.37% in strain, the actual structural tensile model aligns with the tensile test with a deviation of only 2.88%, indicating high processing quality. In addition, when simulating the impact of layered nonuniformity on the fracture strain of cords, it is observed that a small degree of nonuniformity leads to an increase in compression between the cord filaments and subsequently enhances the fracture strain. This study provides a practical and dependable quantitative analysis on a mesoscopic scale to optimize the design and production of cords.</p>","PeriodicalId":21929,"journal":{"name":"steel research international","volume":"96 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143497230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}