Basrah Journal of Veterinary Research最新文献

{"title":"DETECTION OF INTRACELLULAR ADHESION GENE (icaA and icaD)AND BIOFILM FORMATION STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS ISOLATES FROM MASTITIS MILK OF SHEEP AND GOAT","authors":"Mohammed H. Khudor, Hasan I. Idbeis","doi":"10.23975/bjvetr.2022.172828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23975/bjvetr.2022.172828","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, a total of 150 mastitis milk samples were collected from sheep and goat (75 for each one) and were analyzed for the presence of S.aureus.. The obtained results indicate that this bacterium observed in 20% of these samples (21.33% from sheep and 18.66% from goat) .The study of antibiotic susceptibility test to 9 different antibiotics showed that S. aureus was 100% resistant to penicillin and 100% sensitive to vancomycin, gentamycin , clarithromycin and chloramphenicol . whereas for cefoxitin (alternative to methicillin) resistance was 47%.There were a variable sensitivity percentage for the rest of antibiotics: Tetracycline (70%), Ciprofloxacin (80%) , Clindamycin (83%). The biofilm-forming ability of S. aureus was evaluated via microtiter plates and the result revealed that, all the studied isolates were either moderate biofilm producer or weak biofilm producer while the non-biofilm producer and strong biofilm producer were not detected among the tested isolate.The relationship between biofilm formation and resistance to methicillin showed there as no significant differences (P>0.05) in the percentage of weak and moderate biofilm producers between MRSA and MSSA isolates . PCR analysis was applied to DNA extracted from S.aureus isolates from milk samples .The results of PCR assay revealed that all S.aureus isolates gave positive results for both icaA and icaD genes (100%) with Product size 151 and 211 bp, respectively. study indicate that biofilm producing S.aureus have a major role player on the occurrence of mastitis .In addition, there was high prevalence of MRSA isolates (47%) in mastitic milk at the study area","PeriodicalId":218727,"journal":{"name":"Basrah Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127096202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MOLECULAR DETECTION OF SHIGA TOXIN (stx1 and stx2) AND INTIMIN (eaeA) GENES IN ESCHERICHIA COLI ISOLATED FROM FECAL SAMPLES OF CATTLE, SHEEP, AND HUMAN IN BASRAH GOVERNORATE","authors":"Ali Iedani, A. Mohammed, Z. Farhan","doi":"10.23975/bjvetr.2022.172827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23975/bjvetr.2022.172827","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aims to isolate and identify Escherichia coli from fecal samples of farm animals and human, also, it aims to molecular detection of shigatoxin and intimin genes in isolates. A total of (264) fecal samples and swabs were collected from different parts of Basrah in the period extending from September 2018 to January 2019. These samples were composed of (85) samples from cows, (94) samples from humanand (85) samples from sheep. Different techniques were used in this study to detect the presence of E. coli ; these techniques included conventional microbiological assays and molecular techniques (amplification of uidA gene by using polymerase chain reaction). The results of these techniques indicated 50 (18.9%) were E. coli from the tested samples. These isolates were subjected to PCR to detect Shiga toxins and intimin genes (stx 1 , stx2 , and eaeA ). The results of PCR confirmed all (50) isolates were harbor at least one virulence gene. Out of 50 isolates 20 (40%) carried stx2 gene alone, the percentages of the carrier were (66.7 %, 41.7% and 23.5%) from human, sheep and cattle samples, respectively. The genes (stx 1 and stx2) were detected together in 9/50 (18%), represent (52.9%) of cattle isolates. The intimin gene ( eaeA ) alone was detected in 2/50 (4%),","PeriodicalId":218727,"journal":{"name":"Basrah Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128121682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EFFECT OF GARLIC OIL EXTRACT ON BLOOD PARAMETERS IN CHICKENS INFECTED WITH ECTOPARASITES","authors":"R. Othman","doi":"10.23975/bjvetr.2022.172811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23975/bjvetr.2022.172811","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted from September 2018 to April 2019, A total of 350 chicken samples were examined from different areas of the Basrah province for the diagnosis of ectoparasites and 154 chickens were infected with ectoparasites. Four species of lice were isolated, which were Menacanthus cornutus , Menacanthus stramineus, Menacanthus pallidulus, Menapon gallinae and one species of mite which was Dermanyssus gallinae . The experimental study was carried out to eliminate the ectoparasites where 24 chickens were purchased and placed in the field of the faculty of agriculture. The chickens were divided into 3 groups. First group was the control group and the second group was infected with ectoparasites and the third group was infected with ectoparasites which was sprayed with garlic extract at a concentration of 10%. Ten days later, the blood parameters were measured for the three groups where the blood parameters of the group treated with garlic extract were close to the blood parameters of the control groupand show significant different (P<0.05).","PeriodicalId":218727,"journal":{"name":"Basrah Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117265897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANTIVIRAL EFFICACY OF GARLIC OIL AGAINST NEWCASTLE DISEASE VIRUS","authors":"A. Al-Saeed, M. Hizam","doi":"10.23975/bjvetr.2022.172813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23975/bjvetr.2022.172813","url":null,"abstract":"Newcastle disease is a highly contagious and devastating viral disease of poultry that distributed worldwide causing large economic losses in the poultry industry. Although vaccines are being used to control the disease, there is no effective antiviral drug used for the treatment of infections. The aim of this study is to test garlic oil for its antiviral activity against Newcastle disease virus. Garlic oil was incubated with the virus (LaSota strain) for 1 hr and 24 hrs and its antiviral effect was determined by performing hemagglutination and RT-PCR tests to detect viral surface proteins and viral genome, respectively. In addition, the toxicity of garlic oil was determined on the living organism by injecting it into chicken embryos with or without the virus. The results showed that this product played a role in the reduction of virus effectiveness through the destroying of viral surface receptors as well as the reduction of gene amplification as compared with the control group that included the treatment of the virus with a saline solution (phosphate buffer saline), which gave opposite results. In addition, there was no antiviral toxicity on the living organism since the injected embryos with the oil alone or the oil with virus were healthy and closely resemble those that have not been injected with anything. In comparison, the embryos that were injected with the virus only showed clear pathological signs that did not appear in the other groups containing the oil. These results suggest that garlic control control observed in other hand, another study has evaluated the cytotoxicity and antiviral activity against Newcastle disease virus of ivermectin, a medication used to treat many types of parasite infestations such as scabies, head lice, strongyloidiasis; and ribavirin which is an antiviral medication used to treat RSV infection, hepatitis C, Lassa fever and severe cases of influenza. The study concluded that ivermectin has strong antiviral potential at 100μg/ml and higher but some concentrations were cytotoxic while ribavirin showed strong antiviral potential at all concentrations (9) . In the current study, the concentration of garlic oil which was 50μg/ml gave good results in destroying the virus without toxicity seen in the chicken embryos. A study suggested that fucoidan from Cladosiphon okamuranus exhibited antiviral activity against Newcastle disease virus LaSota strain, and represented a potential low-toxicity antiviral compound for the poultry industry . Another study revealed that ethanolic extracts of Acacia cyanophylla leaves, Moringa peregrina leaves, Eucalyptus camaldulensis fruits and Pistacia atlantica (leaves and stem) can inhibit Newcastle disease virus completely without causing death of the chicken embryo. However, the response of the viral-infected chicken embryos was different depending on the species of the medicinal plant, plant material concentration applied and the plant part. In addition, some plant extracts showed a","PeriodicalId":218727,"journal":{"name":"Basrah Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128272344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STUDY THE EFFECT OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF CERATOINA SILIQUA, GLIMEPHAN AND METFORMIN ON SEMEN FLUID QUALITY IN DIABETIC MALE GUINEA PIG INDUCED BY ALLOXAN","authors":"S. Ahmed, R. Othman, Nadia Thamar, M. Al-Saeed, M. Kadhem","doi":"10.23975/bjvetr.2022.172812","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23975/bjvetr.2022.172812","url":null,"abstract":"This study was carried out in an animal house of the Collage of Veterinary Medicine/ University of Basrah, An attempt has been done to induce diabetic by alloxan in male guinea pigs and investigation of the effects of diabetic on semen fluid quality. Moreover, the present study aimed to evaluate the ameliorating effect of ethanolic extract of Ceratonia siliqua , metformin and Glimphan in experimentally induced in diabetic male guinea pigs. The study was applied on (30) adult male guinea pigs, their weight ranged between (800-1000g) and aged between 6-6.5 months. The male guinea pigs were divided randomly into five groups, each group consist of six guinea pig as the following: performance of male reproductive system as compared with other treated such as glimephan and metformin drugs. The results indicated significant and testosterone in serum and semen diabetic male (+ve) as compared with the control negative group and other groups while the results showed non-significant (P˃0.05) changes of FSH and LH concentrations in serum of diabetic male pigs treated with ethanolic extract of Ceratonia siliqua fruit as compared with control (-ve) group while the results were showed a significant(P≤0.05) rise of testosterone serum and semen diabetic male of Ceratonia siliqua fruit whencompared with the control (–ve) group and other groups.","PeriodicalId":218727,"journal":{"name":"Basrah Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115783102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GENOTYPE OF Cryptosporidium spp. ISOLATED FROM BOVINE OF AL-QADISIYAH PROVINCE /IRAQ","authors":"ِِAsmaa Al-Jawasim","doi":"10.23975/bjvetr.2022.172808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23975/bjvetr.2022.172808","url":null,"abstract":"The current research included examination of 100 fecal sample from bovine was collected from AL-Qadisiyah province, from September 2018 until February 2019.The Microscopically result showed that oval or spherical shaped with dark pink color or red oocyst on blue ground and 30(30%) positive sample out 100 case . It was recorded that the maximum rate 41.66% (5/12) was seen in November, but the lowest rate 18.75% (3/16) was seen in the month of February with no significant differences at level (p<0.05.) According to age the maximum rate of incidence 40%(14/35)was found in the age group lower than a month, but the lowest incidence was seen in the group( >1 years). There is no significant differences at p<0.05.between male and female. In the currently study the N-PCR in molecular investigation were used ,the positive sample was18 (60%) out of 30 fecal sample. Sequencing of a fragment of the(18s rRNA) gene (834 bp) that separated from many distinct area in AL- Qadisiyah government recorded (50%)6/12 sample related to NCBI – Blast Cryptosporidium parvum ,( 33.33%) 4/12 sample display deep related to NCBI –Blast Cryptosporidium bovis ( this first study reported C. bovis in Iraq ) , (16.66%) 2/12 sample showed closed related to NCBI –Blast Cryptosporidiumandersoni.","PeriodicalId":218727,"journal":{"name":"Basrah Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128996191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PATHOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR EVALUATION OF CANINE PARVOVIRUS IN SOUTH OF IRAQ","authors":"Mansoor Al-Khaled, ِِAsmaa Al-Jawasim, Marid Auda, J. Ahmed","doi":"10.23975/bjvetr.2022.172809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23975/bjvetr.2022.172809","url":null,"abstract":"This study is the first in southern Iraq, which shows the diagnosis of Parvovirus disease in young puppies, where the samples were collected from small dogs, and this was done from April 2018 to April 2019 it was conducted on 50 dogs with different breeds ranging between (2-18) months aged of both sexes. fecal samples were collected from infected dogs from veterinary clinics in (Basrah, Dhi Qar, Maysan and AL-Muthanna provinces) .After the autopsy of the dead carcass which died soon during the period (24-72) hours, bleeding in the intestines and congestion was observed as well as the water content and adhesions, hypertrophy of the heart and necrosis in areas of pale color of different size focci are surrounded by hyperemic zone. The microscopical result of enteric CPV lesion showed sever infiltration of inflammatory cells in the mucosal layer of intestine ,hypertrophy of goblet cells in the villi and necrotizing area in the tip of villi as well to hyperplasia of goblet cells also edematous fluid in mucosal layer. cardiac CPV lesion showed infiltration of inflammatory cells in myocardial cell fibers ,also there was an area of vacculation of some myocardial cells in addition to edematous fluid in the myocardial interstitiaum .significant increases of biochemical cardiac markers(cTi-1,AST,LDH and CPK) showed cardiac troponin I (cTnI), aspartate transaminase AST, creatinine and the Parvovirus contains 400 bp of matrimonial bases after being diagnosed using the polymerase chain reaction PCR and this technical method widely applied to provide rapid diagnosis The current study conducts that the CPV-2 is endemic in south of Iraq ,the disease shows very important clinical and biochemical feature that lead to morbidity","PeriodicalId":218727,"journal":{"name":"Basrah Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121016565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ameliorative Effect of Ghrelin on Thyroxin Hormones and Body Weight in Hyperthyroidism Male rats","authors":"F. Hamza, M. Al-Saeed","doi":"10.23975/bvetr.2021.170497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23975/bvetr.2021.170497","url":null,"abstract":"The study's objective is to evaluate the enhanced effect of the ghrelin on the body weight and thyroid hormones in male rats after inducing hyperthyroidism by L–thyroxin. The rats (95 males) were split into two groups. The first group consisted of 25 male rats that were given normal saline for 30 days S.C and set as a control group. While the remainder of the animals were given levothyroxine 500g/kg subcutaneously for 30 days to induce hyperthyroidism. after induction the divided into 4 groups as followe ,the first one was the control group that mentioned previously, the second group was male rats were given normal saline for 30 days S.C, the third group was male rats were given ghrelin at a dose of (0.5nmol/100μl saline) for 30 days S.C, and the fourth group was male rats (1nmol/100μl saline) for 30 days S.C. The fifth group consisted of hyperthyroidism male rats that was given ghrelin at a dosage of (2nmol/100μl saline) for 30 days S.C. The results of final weight and weight gain are presented showed no significant difference in initial weight within all groups that were observed, while a significant decrease in final body weight in hyperthyroidism group compared with control group. On the other hand, the results revealed a significant decrease in body weight gain in male rats have hyperthyroidism compared with the control group. While the results observed a significant increase final body weight and body weight gain in all treated rats with ghrelin as compared with hyperthyroidism group. On other hand, the effect of hyperthyroidism on serum TSH, T3, and T4 concentrations revealed that the hyperthyroidism group had a significant rise in serum T3 and T4 concentrations when compared to the control group. While no significant drop in serum TSH concentration was observed in all hyperthyroidism groups handled with ghrelin (0.5, 1 and 2 nmol) as compared to the hyperthyroidism group, a significant decrease in serum T3 and T4 level was observed in all hyperthyroidism groups treated with ghrelin in comparison to the group of hyperthyroidism. Ghrelin peptide hormone and it has been shown to have potential effects on the body weight and thyroid hormone.","PeriodicalId":218727,"journal":{"name":"Basrah Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124620634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasmid –mediated antimicrobial resistance bla CMY-2 gene and qnr (qnr A,qnr B and qnr S) genes in Salmonella isolated from human, animal and milk","authors":"Mohammed H. Khudor, M. Mohammed","doi":"10.23975/bvetr.2021.170496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23975/bvetr.2021.170496","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to detect the bla CMY-2 gene and qnr genes ( qnr A, qnr B and qnr S) in Salmonella isolates from 278 different samples (50 direct milk samples, 50 indirect milk samples, 50 feces samples, 50 teat swab samples, 28 manual milk swabs and 50 stool samples) in Basrah province. The results showed that the percentage of Salmonella isolates in the samples was 6.1% by using API system and by PCR technique for identification. The highest resistance to Salmonella isolates were found against chloramphenicol and rifampin (100%). While all isolates were sensitive to ciprofloxacin . The use of plasmid treatment (Plasmid curing) by temperature method showed that 41.1% of total Salmonella isolates were associated with antimicrobial resistance of the plasmid. Plasmid analysis by molecular detection revealed that 11 isolates (64.7%) was positivity for bla CMY-2 while the qnr quinolone gene (A, B and S) was not detected in the isolates.","PeriodicalId":218727,"journal":{"name":"Basrah Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116672179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study the effect of Different Levels of Curcuma longa on Some Physiological and Specific Egg Traits and Intestinal Environment for Quail","authors":"Ghadeer AL- Rahawi","doi":"10.23975/bvetr.2021.170498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23975/bvetr.2021.170498","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of different levels of Curcuma longa on some physiological and biochemical parameters, as well as some egg productive and quality characters and the intestinal microflora of local quail. 240 one-day-old quail were distributed randomly into 4 groups (60 birds/group) with 3 replicates. The groups were as follows: 1 st group (control) birds were reared on standard ration, the 2 nd , 3 rd and 4 th groups birds were reared on standard ration supplemented with 3, 6 and 9 gm turmeric/kg ration respectively. The results revealed that the turmeric improve blood picture as represented by the significant increase of RBCs, Hb and PCV% specially in 3 rd and 4 th treatments. Also, the turmeric reduced significantly triglycerides and cholesterol compared with the control. Curcuma longa treatment improved the intestinal microflora represented by the significant decrease in the number of pathogenic flora ( Salmonella and E. coli ), and significant increase in the benefit flora ( Lactobacillus ). On the other hands treatments reduced significantly the age of 1 st egg production and enhance the age of 50% egg production. In conclusion, Curcuma longa treatment induced ameliorative effects on some of physiological and productive performance of quail.","PeriodicalId":218727,"journal":{"name":"Basrah Journal of Veterinary Research","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132173264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}