Skin Appendage Disorders最新文献

{"title":"Associations between Primary Hyperhidrosis and Psychiatric Conditions: A Matched Case-Control Study of 8,508 Patients.","authors":"Steven D Zeldin, Shari R Lipner","doi":"10.1159/000553303","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000553303","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Primary hyperhidrosis (PHH) is defined by excess sweating not attributable to medications or underlying medical conditions. It is associated with significant burden of subsequent psychiatric comorbidities, but psychiatric conditions preceding PHH diagnosis are not well characterized. We assessed associations of PHH with preceding psychiatric conditions using a matched case-control approach.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Overall, 1,418 participants with PHH and 7,090 matched controls were assessed using the All of Us Research Program database. Multivariable logistic regressions calculated odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals, with Benjamini-Hochberg correction for multiple testing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Subjects with PHH vs. controls had higher odds of prior diagnosis with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) (OR: 1.97, 95% CI: 1.29-2.94, corrected <i>p</i> = 0.007), restless legs syndrome (RLS) (OR: 1.63, 95% CI: 1.22-2.15, corrected <i>p</i> = 0.007), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (OR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.07-1.69, corrected <i>p</i> = 0.035), and insomnia (OR: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.04-1.44, corrected <i>p</i> = 0.037).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We found significant associations with subsequent PHH diagnosis in participants with OCD, ADHD, RLS, and insomnia. Further research into the etiologies of psychiatric conditions and PHH may better elucidate their relationship.</p>","PeriodicalId":21844,"journal":{"name":"Skin Appendage Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13461199/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148713765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revisiting Diffuse Unpatterned Alopecia: Reappraisal of a Controversial Diagnosis.","authors":"Archie Spindler, Derek Maas, Isabella Zappi, Graciela Galva Roa, Adam I Rubin, Ata S Moshiri, Alexandra Flamm, Michael A Occidental, Ken Washenik, Marc Avram, John T Seykora, Dirk M Elston, Jerry Shapiro, Kristen I Lo Sicco","doi":"10.1159/000553269","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000553269","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diffuse unpatterned alopecia (DUPA) is an uncommon and incompletely characterized variant of androgenetic alopecia (AGA) marked by diffuse follicular miniaturization across the entire scalp, including the occipital region, which distinguishes it from classic patterned AGA and often precludes hair transplantation.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>In this review of the available literature on DUPA, we discuss its clinical presentation, diagnostic features, competing pathophysiologic hypotheses, and management considerations. Current evidence suggests DUPA typically presents with diffuse thinning across all scalp regions, with trichoscopy demonstrating widespread follicular miniaturization without features of scarring alopecia. Diagnosis remains clinical because histopathologic criteria and standardized trichometric thresholds have not been established. Important mimickers include telogen effluvium and diffuse alopecia areata, requiring careful history, examination, trichoscopy, and occasional scalp biopsy. Management is primarily medical, emphasizing stabilization rather than regrowth, and includes topical or oral minoxidil with consideration of adjunctive therapies in selected patients.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>DUPA is a diffuse, non-patterned hair loss condition affecting the entire scalp, including the occipital region, for which medical management remains the cornerstone of treatment. DUPA remains poorly defined and further clinicopathologic, trichometric, and longitudinal studies are needed to clarify major knowledge gaps, including epidemiology, pathology, diagnostic criteria, and treatment-specific outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":21844,"journal":{"name":"Skin Appendage Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13461204/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148713750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic Review Efficacy of Topical Minoxidil for Nail Growth: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Sara Mahfoud Alghmadi, Mohammed Alahmadi, Reenad Alharbi, Salma Alhussaini, Shatha Albyali, Mariam Zainab, Dalia Alanazi, Nouf Almuhanna","doi":"10.1159/000553105","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000553105","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Nail growth disorders may lead to functional limitations and cosmetic distress, yet evidence-based therapeutic options remain limited. Minoxidil, a vasodilatory agent widely used for androgenetic alopecia, has been proposed as a potential treatment to enhance nail growth because of its proliferative and vascular effects. This systematic review evaluated the efficacy and safety of topical minoxidil for promoting nail growth in both healthy individuals and patients with nail growth disorders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Comprehensive searches of PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Wiley, Google Scholar, and EBSCO identified eligible human studies reporting quantitative nail growth outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three studies, including one randomized controlled trial and two non-randomized studies, met the inclusion criteria. Topical minoxidil was associated with increased nail growth compared with placebo or untreated controls. In healthy participants, twice-daily application of 5% topical minoxidil increased the mean nail growth rate from 3.91 mm/month to 4.27 mm/month after 1 month (<i>p</i> = 0.003). In patients with pathological nail arrest (onychomadesis), a 5% minoxidil formulation combined with vitamin E achieved an 81% clinical response rate after 12 months of treatment. Additionally, minoxidil showed a greater increase in nail growth compared to oral biotin, with a 19% versus 13% increase in longitudinal nail growth, respectively. No severe local or systemic adverse effects were reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Preliminary evidence from three studies indicates that topical minoxidil may stimulate nail growth in healthy individuals and patients with nail growth disorders. Nevertheless, the limited number of included studies (<i>n</i> = 3), small sample sizes, and heterogeneous study designs preclude definitive clinical recommendations. More comprehensive randomized controlled trials should be conducted to prove efficacy and develop standardized treatment regimens.</p>","PeriodicalId":21844,"journal":{"name":"Skin Appendage Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13466563/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148727561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon Dioxide Laser Deroofing for Hidradenitis Suppurativa: Experience from an Asian Cohort.","authors":"Chen He, Ellie Choi, Nisha Suyien Chandran","doi":"10.1159/000553268","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000553268","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the pilosebaceous unit associated with recurrent flares, which significantly impair quality of life. Carbon dioxide (CO₂) laser deroofing is a tissue-sparing technique that may offer effective symptom control with low recurrence. Our study describes the clinical characteristics and outcomes of an Asian cohort who underwent CO₂ laser deroofing for HS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included patients who underwent clinic-based CO₂ laser deroofing for HS lesions between November 2017 and December 2024 at a single institution.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 43 procedures were performed on 30 patients (57% male; median age: 22.0 years [IQR: 17.0-33.8 years]). The cohort included mainly Chinese (53.3%) and Indian (33.3%) patients. At surgery, 51.2% had Hurley stage II disease, 25.6% had stage III disease, and 23.3% had stage I disease. Most patients (95.3%) were concurrently treated with tetracyclines. The axilla was the most treated site (63%). Recurrence occurred in 9.3% of procedures, for which one required abscess aspiration. Other complications included minor bleeding (23.3%), hypergranulation (7.0%), and infection (4.7%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CO₂ laser deroofing is a simple, effective, and minimally invasive treatment for HS lesions. It offers low recurrence and complication rates and is feasible in an outpatient setting for Asian populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":21844,"journal":{"name":"Skin Appendage Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13446923/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148685758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pili Annulati: A Case Series and Proposal for Classification.","authors":"Antonio Tirado-Motel, Maria Fernanda Briseño-Ramos, Luis García-Valdés, Eduardo Rafael Calderón-Quiroz, Arturo Lopez Yañez-Blanco, Luis Enrique Sánchez-Dueñas","doi":"10.1159/000553143","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000553143","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Pili annulati is an autosomal dominant hair shaft disorder mapped to chromosome 12q24.33 and classified among hair shaft disorders without fragility. It is characterized by a shiny appearance with alternating light and dark bands and typically affects the scalp, as well as axillary, beard, and pubic hair. Trichoscopy reveals hair shafts with alternating white and dark bands involving approximately 50%-100% of the shaft thickness. Light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy are useful diagnostic tools for this.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We report a case series of 7 patients diagnosed with pili annulati via clinical and trichoscopic evaluation. Of these cases, 1 patient exhibited unusual involvement of the eyebrows and eyelashes, another presented with a distinct patch of heterochromia, and the remaining five demonstrated diffuse involvement confined to the scalp.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although traditionally considered a rare condition, the prevalence of pili annulati may be underestimated. Therefore, proficiency in recognizing its characteristic clinical and trichoscopic features is essential for an accurate and timely diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":21844,"journal":{"name":"Skin Appendage Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13451025/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148697815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors on Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Camila R Marquez, Marie P Vetter, Vivian Y Shi, Anna L Cogen","doi":"10.1159/000551945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000551945","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a debilitating skin disease marked by recurrent abscesses and chronic inflammation. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are widely used oncologic treatments that can provoke immune-mediated effects. The ICI potential to precipitate HS onset or influence HS disease activity remains uncharacterized. We aim to characterize the timing, clinical features, severity, and outcomes of HS in this context.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Scoping review according to PRISMA guidelines was conducted. Studies were identified through PubMed and MEDLINE searches and were eligible if they reported at least 1 case of HS onset or worsening in the setting of ICI therapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five publications comprising 13 patients were included. Pembrolizumab was the most frequently used ICI (46.2%). Eight individuals (61.5%) had pre-existing HS, of whom 3 (37.5%) experienced flares during therapy. Five patients (38.5%) developed new-onset HS after ICI initiation, within 2-4 months. Treatment approaches varied and included topical and systemic therapies for HS. Four patients (30.8%) experienced complete resolution of HS lesions following ICI discontinuation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ICI therapy may precipitate new-onset HS or exacerbate pre-existing disease in a subset of patients. Increased clinical vigilance and early dermatologic involvement may support timely diagnosis, optimize management, and preserve continuity of oncologic care.</p>","PeriodicalId":21844,"journal":{"name":"Skin Appendage Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13290252/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148318931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Topical Tretinoin and Topical Minoxidil Cotherapy in Androgenetic Alopecia: A Review.","authors":"Derek Maas, Archie Spindler, Isabella Zappi, Kyle Maas, Annalie Brody, Carli Tucci, Leslie Garza-García, João Patrocínio, Jerry Shapiro, Kristen I Lo Sicco","doi":"10.1159/000553018","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000553018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) frequently occurs in both men and women and is associated with a significant quality-of-life impairment. Topical minoxidil has been demonstrated to have a variable clinical response, and the proposed efficacy of using concomitant topical tretinoin largely stems from increased minoxidil penetration and activation by the follicular sulfotransferase enzyme.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>This review summarizes mechanisms, safety, outcomes, and social media perspectives on the subject. Pharmacokinetic evidence demonstrates a nearly threefold increase in systemic absorption when tretinoin cream is applied before minoxidil, with researchers hypothesizing increased permeability as the cause. However, clinical data regarding combination therapy are minimal. One randomized controlled trial reported similar outcomes between dual therapy and topical minoxidil monotherapy; results from smaller investigations, however, are consistent with the potential conversion of some minoxidil nonresponders to responders when tretinoin is used. A social media analysis of 71 online posts was notable for frequently positive claims regarding the interaction, but tolerability concerns were common.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>Though current evidence does not support the first-line use of dual therapy, topical tretinoin may be considered as an adjunct in AGA, especially in patients without response to topical minoxidil. Any potential benefit, however, should be weighed against the potential for increased irritation.</p>","PeriodicalId":21844,"journal":{"name":"Skin Appendage Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13423365/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148631609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Opioid Prescribing Patterns Associated with Selective Matrixectomies for Toenail Onychocryptosis: A TriNetX Analysis.","authors":"Alexa S Podolsky, Jose W Ricardo, Tracey C Vlahovic, Shari R Lipner","doi":"10.1159/000553120","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000553120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Selective matrixectomy is a common intervention for painful onychocryptosis that is associated with mild-to-moderate postoperative pain. It can usually be managed effectively with non-opioid analgesics. We evaluated rates and factors associated with opioid prescribing following selective matrixectomy to guide physicians in counseling postoperative patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the TriNetX research network, querying for patients who underwent selective matrixectomy for onychocryptosis. Opioid prescriptions <3 days after selective matrixectomy were assessed, and Cox regression estimated hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for opioid prescribing, adjusting for factors associated with prolonged opioid use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 97,208 patients who underwent selective matrixectomy, 14,759 received an opioid prescription <3 days postoperatively (15.2%), declining from 24.3% during 2008-2018 to 12.8% during 2018-2025. Female sex, older age, Asian race, antidepressant use, and histories of anxiety, depression, chronic pain, migraine, osteoarthritis, and back pain were associated with lower likelihood of opioid prescribing. Black/African American race, Hispanic/Latino ethnicity, prior benzodiazepine or opioid use, and fibromyalgia were associated with higher likelihood.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Opioid prescribing following selective matrixectomy was relatively common and may be more frequent than clinically necessary. Prescribing patterns appear influenced by demographic and clinical factors, suggesting an opportunity to refine postoperative pain management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":21844,"journal":{"name":"Skin Appendage Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13423364/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148631627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between Onychogryphosis and Lower Extremity Complications: A Multicenter Cohort Study Using TriNetX.","authors":"Natalia Chalupczak, Shari R Lipner","doi":"10.1159/000551347","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000551347","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Onychogryphosis has been associated with chronic foot injury and vascular disease. We evaluated whether onychogryphosis is associated with increased 5-year risk of lower extremity complications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using TriNetX Research Network patients with onychogryphosis were propensity score matched 1:1 to controls for age, sex, race, obesity, type II diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and smoking. Cox proportional hazards models estimated 5-year hazard ratios (HRs) for lower extremity complications, with subgroup analyses for diabetes and peripheral artery disease (PAD).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After matching (174,537 per cohort), onychogryphosis was associated with increased 5-year risk of foot/toe amputation procedures (HR 2.798, 95% CI: 2.516-3.111), ulcer (HR 2.108, 95% CI: 2.023-2.196), cellulitis (HR 1.743, 95% CI: 1.685-1.803), osteomyelitis (HR 1.673, 95% CI: 1.583-1.769), and gangrene (HR 1.485, 95% CI: 1.382-1.597) (all <i>p</i> < 0.0001). Associations remained significant in diabetes and PAD restricted analyses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Onychogryphosis was associated with substantially increased 5-year risk of major lower extremity complications in a large matched cohort, with consistent findings among patients with type II diabetes and PAD. Identification of onychogryphosis should prompt focused lower extremity assessment and brief risk screening with a low threshold for vascular or primary care referral in high-risk patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":21844,"journal":{"name":"Skin Appendage Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13309142/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148345642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Factors for Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Hidradenitis Suppurativa.","authors":"Guven Karakaya, Bilge Fettahlioglu Karaman, Varol Lutfu Aksungur, Ahmet Dogukan Dagdas","doi":"10.1159/000553080","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000553080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Although the association between hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been demonstrated, we aimed to investigate risk factors for MetS in patients with HS, as this topic has been addressed in only a limited number of previous studies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To compare the frequency of MetS and its components, 50 adult patients with HS and 50 age-, sex-, and body mass index (BMI)-matched controls were included in the study. Subsequently, the effects of age, sex, BMI, smoking status, and the modified Sartorius score on MetS in the patients with HS were examined using Firth's bias-reduced logistic regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MetS and two of its components, namely central obesity and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, were significantly more common in the patients (62% vs. 22%, 64% vs. 28%, and 46% vs. 18%, respectively). The patients had higher rates of smoking (76% vs. 34%). Firth's logistic regression analysis showed that age (odds ratio: 1.17, 95% confidence interval: 1.05-1.43) and BMI (1.94, 1.25-4.54) were significantly associated with MetS in the patients with HS. The positive association between smoking and MetS was borderline significant (<i>p</i> = 0.053).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest the need for proactive metabolic screening in routine HS care. Physicians should not only screen for MetS at the initial visit but also remain particularly vigilant during follow-up in older patients and those experiencing weight gain.</p>","PeriodicalId":21844,"journal":{"name":"Skin Appendage Disorders","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13427351/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148654382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}