Illness Perceptions, Knowledge, and Quality of Life in Lichen Planopilaris Patients.

Abstract

Introduction: Lichen planopilaris (LPP) is an inflammatory disease, leading to permanent hair loss, which significantly affects the psychosocial and self-image of patients with this condition; however, the impact of this condition on patients' quality of life (QoL), their perception of disease, and their knowledge about it have rarely been studied. This study aimed to investigate patients' knowledge and perspective on their disease and its association with their QoL and the extent of skin involvement.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with LPP and confirmed through a biopsy from 2022 to 2023 completed a questionnaire covering demographic characteristics, the Illness Perception Questionnaire, disease and therapy knowledge, and the Dermatology Life Quality Index. Additionally, a dermatologist (S.D.) examined the Lichen Planopilaris Activity Index (LPPAI).

Results: This study enrolled 42 LPP patients, with 81% being female and 73.8% under 60 years old. The LPPAI did not correlate with knowledge (r = 0.04, p = 0.783), illness perception (r = 0.097, p = 0.543), or QoL scores (r = 0.119, p = 0.452). However, QoL was positively linked to knowledge (r = 0.382, p = 0.013) and illness perception scores (r = 0.398, p = 0.009). Patients with a longer disease duration had higher knowledge scores (r = 0.400, p = 0.009).

Conclusion: Dermatologists should note that enhancing patients' knowledge of their disease and assessing their illness perceptions can help identify and correct misconceptions, improving treatment outcomes and their QoL.