Sensors International最新文献

{"title":"Silica-modified reduced graphene oxide–based hydrogels derived from palm kernel shell for strain sensing: Characterization, computational analysis, and assistive application","authors":"Munasir,&nbsp;Mohamad Fikri Aliansah,&nbsp;Nuhaa Faaizatunnisa,&nbsp;Muhammad Naufal Ariesta,&nbsp;Frizky Audis Paramundhita,&nbsp;Alya Arviyanti,&nbsp;Eva Tri Agustina,&nbsp;Aditya Prapanca,&nbsp;Markus Diantoro,&nbsp;Ahmad Taufiq","doi":"10.1016/j.sintl.2026.100392","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sintl.2026.100392","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Graphene-based hydrogels are promising candidates for motion-sensing applications in assistive technologies. However, conventional systems rely on expensive, non-renewable precursors, which limits scalability and sustainability. In this study, palm kernel shell waste was used as a renewable carbon source to synthesize reduced graphene oxide (RGO), which was subsequently functionalized with silica (RGS) to enhance hydrogel performance. The synthesis of RGO and RGS was optimized to achieve high yield, facile processing, and cost-effectiveness. Incorporation of silica-functionalized RGO improved dispersion, interfacial bonding, and the structural integrity of PVA hydrogels, enhancing mechanical durability and stability. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations were performed to elucidate the electronic properties and molecular interactions between PVA and filler supporting the experimental findings. The resulting strain sensor exhibited a high gauge factor (GF ≈ 9.5), fast response, and reliable detection of assistive motions. Furthermore, the device successfully recognized Indonesian Sign System (SIBI) gestures, demonstrating its potential as a sustainable, low-cost, and high-performance platform for assistive communication technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21733,"journal":{"name":"Sensors International","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100392"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148565940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biosensors for early detection of neurodegenerative diseases: Analytical challenges and innovations","authors":"Nandhini Jayaprakash,&nbsp;Naresh Sivagnanam,&nbsp;Prathiba Balaji,&nbsp;Vimal Palaniraja","doi":"10.1016/j.sintl.2026.100397","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sintl.2026.100397","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) pose a significant global health burden, with their prevalence expected to surpass cancer and cardiovascular diseases in the coming decades. Early detection is crucial for improving clinical outcomes, as substantial neuronal damage often occurs before overt symptoms appear. Biosensors have emerged as promising diagnostic tools for NDs, offering advantages such as high sensitivity, specificity, portability, and potential for point-of-care integration. This review provides a comprehensive overview of biosensor technologies for early ND detection, focusing on analytical challenges and recent innovations. Key ND biomarkers, including amyloid-beta, tau, alpha-synuclein, and neurofilament light chain, are discussed in the context of their diagnostic utility and detection challenges in complex biofluids. Biosensor platforms are categorized based on their transduction mechanisms, highlighting advancements in electrochemical, optical, piezoelectric, magnetoresistive, and field-effect transistor-based systems. The integration of nanotechnology and advanced biomaterials, such as gold nanoparticles, graphene, carbon nanotubes, quantum dots, hydrogels, and molecularly imprinted polymers, is explored as a means to enhance sensitivity, selectivity, and miniaturization. Sample processing techniques and analytical challenges associated with cerebrospinal fluid, blood, saliva, and urine are critically examined to promote reliable, safe, and scalable diagnostic practices. Innovations in integrated systems, lab-on-a-chip devices, multiplexing, and smartphone-based readout are highlighted as key trends driving the development of affordable, resilient, and decentralized diagnostic solutions, particularly for resource-limited and underserved settings. The review also discusses emerging frontiers, including wearable biosensors, AI-assisted data analytics, interdisciplinary collaboration, and translational pathways for clinical implementation. Future perspectives emphasize the need for interdisciplinary collaboration to bridge the gap between technological innovation and real-world clinical adoption, ultimately enabling early intervention, personalized disease management, and improved patient outcomes in the fight against neurodegenerative diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21733,"journal":{"name":"Sensors International","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100397"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148843099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of cable length on the mobility performance of a remotely operated underwater vehicle (ROV)","authors":"Sarawuth Srinakaew ,&nbsp;Jenjira sukmanee ,&nbsp;Ramil Kesvarakul","doi":"10.1016/j.sintl.2025.100358","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sintl.2025.100358","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the impact of tether length on the mobility performance of a Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) in calm-water conditions. Field studies were executed at Laem Chabang Port, during which the ROV was utilized to navigate a 300-m trajectory while consistently documenting velocity and power usage. Results show that as the tether length increases, vehicle speed consistently decreases while power usage increases, indicating the effect of tether-induced hydrodynamic drag. Specifically, the velocity declined from 0.6706 m/s at the start to approximately 0.5500 m/s at 300 m, while power consumption rose from 0.7414 kW to around 0.778 kW. Linear regression was utilized to quantify these patterns, yielding two empirical models: V(x) = 0.6706−0.0003x and P(x) = 0.7414+(8 × 10−5)x, with x representing the tether length in meters. The models gave coefficients of determination of R² = 0.5834 and R² = 0.5965, respectively. This research presents one of the first empirical frameworks derived from in-field experimental trials to quantify performance degradation due to tether drag, thereby providing practical tools for energy budgeting and motion forecasting of stationary underwater vehicles in real-time operational planning. Unlike prior works relying mainly on simulations or analytical models, our study delivers regression-based predictive equations validated across different test sites. This contribution not only enhances operational readiness but also establishes a solid foundation for future investigations into nonlinear modeling and the development of adaptive control systems that incorporate tether dynamics to further improve predictive accuracy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21733,"journal":{"name":"Sensors International","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100358"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145465648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deployable NADPH-based electrochemical sensing for rapid assessment of G6PD deficiency via a graphene nanoplatelet-WS2 nanocomposite electrode","authors":"Kanokwan Charoenkitamorn,&nbsp;Nicharee Pannengpech,&nbsp;Pimphavee Jandahong,&nbsp;Sudkate Chaiyo,&nbsp;Sumonmarn Chaneam,&nbsp;Peerapong Yotprayoonsak,&nbsp;Usa Boonyuen","doi":"10.1016/j.sintl.2026.100391","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sintl.2026.100391","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is vital for maintaining cellular redox balance through the generation of NADPH in the pentose phosphate pathway. Given the global prevalence of G6PD deficiency and its association with hemolytic anemia, neonatal jaundice, and drug-induced oxidative complications, rapid and reliable assessment of enzyme activity is clinically important. Because NADPH production directly reflects G6PD function, sensitive quantification of NADPH provides an effective strategy for deficiency screening. To address this clinical need, a deployable electrochemical biosensor was developed using a screen-printed graphene electrode modified with a graphene nanoplatelet–WS₂ (GNPl–WS₂) nanocomposite. The synergistic nanohybrid interface enhances conductivity, increases electroactive surface area, and accelerates electron-transfer kinetics, leading to amplified anodic signals for NADPH oxidation. The platform was systematically optimized and thoroughly characterized to ensure robust analytical performance. Under optimal conditions, the sensor demonstrated a wide linear range from 5 μM to 3.5 mM and a low limit of detection of 1.01 μM. Importantly, the device offers rapid analysis (time-to-result &lt;2 min), portability, and operational simplicity without complex fabrication or electrode regeneration. These features make the proposed deployable sensor a practical and promising tool for point-of-care and field-based evaluation of G6PD activity in biological samples, particularly in blood samples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21733,"journal":{"name":"Sensors International","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100391"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148634529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent advances in single metal atom-modified metal oxides for high-performance gas sensors: A review","authors":"Shulin Yang ,&nbsp;Zhao Wang ,&nbsp;Gui Lei ,&nbsp;Zhigao Lan ,&nbsp;Huoxi Xu ,&nbsp;Haoshuang Gu","doi":"10.1016/j.sintl.2026.100386","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sintl.2026.100386","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Single metal atoms offer a promising strategy to enhance the gas sensing performance of metal oxides due to their maximized atomic exposure, exceptional catalytic activity, and high utilization efficiency. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of recent progress in gas sensors based on single metal atom-modified metal oxides. Typical synthesis methods for anchoring single metal atoms are summarized, and their influence on the physical and chemical properties of metal oxide substrates is discussed. The enhanced sensing mechanisms of single metal atom-modified metal oxides are thoroughly examined. In addition, the review presents a detailed evaluation of the gas sensing performance achieved through modification with widely studied single metal atoms, including Pt, Au, Pd, Ni, Ag, Rh, and Cu. The potential challenges and prospective practical applications of these materials are also addressed. Overall, the findings underscore that single-atom modification represents a highly promising approach to significantly boost the sensing capabilities of metal oxides.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21733,"journal":{"name":"Sensors International","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100386"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147797907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review on recent developments in materials and methodologies for metal oxide semiconductor liquefied petroleum gas sensors operating at room temperature","authors":"B.V. Sreenivasappa ,&nbsp;A.R. Shashikala","doi":"10.1016/j.sintl.2025.100354","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sintl.2025.100354","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, a review on recent developments in materials and methodologies for metal oxide semiconductor liquefied petroleum gas sensors operating at room temperature is presented. The goal of this review is to identify various types of gas sensors, LPG sensing materials, preparation and fabrication methods, characterization to study on the properties of the materials and analysis on parameters at room temperature. The review also investigates advanced hybrid nanostructured materials, elemental modifications and doping processes to improve LPG sensor performance. Surface reactivity of the sensing material could be accelerated by the use of appropriate catalyst. The morphology of a material can be improved by various methods, including changing the synthesis conditions, adding additives to alter the material properties and functionality by modifying its size, shape, and structure at the nanoscale. This review also emphasizes the role of suitable dopants in changing bandgap of the materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21733,"journal":{"name":"Sensors International","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100354"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145362186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green-synthesized magneto-plasmonic nanocomposites for enhanced SPR biosensing of BSA under external magnetic field modulation","authors":"Rafiqa Wulandani ,&nbsp;Vincent Milano ,&nbsp;Muhammad Riswan ,&nbsp;Rafli Fandu Ramadhani ,&nbsp;Karina Anggraeni ,&nbsp;Putri Dwi Jayanti ,&nbsp;Nurul Imani Istiqomah ,&nbsp;Nugraheni Pupita Rini ,&nbsp;Larrisa Jestha Mahardhika ,&nbsp;Mahardika Yoga Darmawan ,&nbsp;Julia Angel ,&nbsp;Edi Suharyadi","doi":"10.1016/j.sintl.2026.100378","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sintl.2026.100378","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, the development of a green-synthesized surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor based on Fe₃O₄/Ag nanocomposites (NCs) for bovine serum albumin (BSA) detection through an externally applied magnetic field has been explored. The Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized using <em>Moringa oleifera</em> extract and incorporated with Ag NPs. Analysis of structural, optical, and magnetic characterizations confirmed crystalline Fe₃O₄/Ag NCs with homogeneous Ag distribution, band-gap narrowing, and near-superparamagnetic behavior. For the SPR measurements, resonance angles of 46.41°, 46.52°, and 46.64° for the integrated Fe₃O₄/Ag NCs in prism/Au configuration were observed depending on 1, 3, and 5 mg/mL BSA concentrations, with a detection limit of 0.40 mg/mL and a R-squared value of 0.99. For the magneto-optic SPR (MOSPR) measurements, an increase in resonance angles of 46.61°, 46.60°, and 46.70° was detected with a magnetic field strength of 40, 50, and 60 Oe, respectively, resulting in full width at half maximum broadening and an increase in detection accuracy in MOSPR compared with conventional SPR, while preserving the same detection limit. The transverse magneto-optical Kerr effect response exhibited a higher sensitivity than conventional SPR, resulting in an approximately twofold enhancement in the MOSPR configuration. The quantitative analysis reveals how the response of green-synthesized Fe₃O₄/Ag magneto-plasmonic NCs evolves under an applied magnetic field, enabling a magnetically modulated SPR biosensing response for BSA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21733,"journal":{"name":"Sensors International","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100378"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146170152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluorescent probes for heavy metal detection: A review of emerging trends and advances in sensing zinc, cadmium, and mercury ions","authors":"Anawat Ajavakom ,&nbsp;Waroton Paisuwan ,&nbsp;Islah Muttaqin ,&nbsp;Kittiporn Nakprasit ,&nbsp;Punnathon Jiamvijitkul ,&nbsp;Rewat Nakwisai ,&nbsp;Shyamsivappan Selvaraj ,&nbsp;Mongkol Sukwattanasinitt","doi":"10.1016/j.sintl.2026.100374","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sintl.2026.100374","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heavy metal ions present a significant threat to human health and the environment, making their detection critical for public safety and water quality. Organic fluorescent sensors have emerged as a powerful tool for this purpose. These sensors are built from easily synthesized organic molecules incorporated with heteroatoms (N, O, S) that can bind to metal ions. This review focuses on recent progress in using these sensors to detect zinc-group transition metal ions: Zn²⁺, Cd²⁺, and Hg²⁺. A major challenge for this purpose is the difficulty of selective detection due to the similar properties of these ions. We classify organic fluorescent sensors into single-ion and dual/multi-ion systems and provide a critical comparison of their chemical structures, sensing mechanisms, detection limits, and binding ratios. Our analysis offers valuable insights for designing more effective future sensors. We also discuss how integrating organic fluorescent probes with advanced support materials—such as paper strips, MOFs, and nanostructures—along with techniques like chemometric analysis, can significantly improve sensor sensitivity, selectivity, and practicality for real-world environmental applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21733,"journal":{"name":"Sensors International","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100374"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147394394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction notice to “Global impacts of pre- and post-COVID-19 pandemic: Focus on socio-economic consequences” [Sens. Int. 1 (2020) 100042]","authors":"NT Pramathesh Mishra ,&nbsp;Sabya Sachi Das ,&nbsp;Shalini Yadav ,&nbsp;Wasim Khan ,&nbsp;Mohd Afzal ,&nbsp;Abdullah Alarifi ,&nbsp;El-Refaie Kenawy ,&nbsp;Mohammed Tahir Ansari ,&nbsp;Md Saquib Hasnain ,&nbsp;Amit Kumar Nayak","doi":"10.1016/j.sintl.2026.100376","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sintl.2026.100376","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21733,"journal":{"name":"Sensors International","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100376"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147797910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-invasive wearable electrochemical biosensors for personalized applications in health management","authors":"Xuesong Kang ,&nbsp;Aiqin Luo ,&nbsp;Naveed Khan ,&nbsp;Tianyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Ma ,&nbsp;Ziyue Zhao ,&nbsp;Yue Tang ,&nbsp;Wenxin Wang ,&nbsp;Kun Dai ,&nbsp;Axin Liang ,&nbsp;Jie Wu ,&nbsp;Zikai Hao","doi":"10.1016/j.sintl.2026.100381","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sintl.2026.100381","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Non-invasive wearable electrochemical biosensors have evolved as transformative tools for customized health management, allowing real-time monitoring of physiological and biochemical markers through readily accessible body fluids such as sweat, tears, and interstitial fluid. Compared to conventional diagnostic techniques, these sensors provide a non-invasive, continuous, and user-friendly alternative for tracking health status and disease progression. Advancements in flexible materials, microfluidics, and nanotechnology have improved sensor sensitivity, adaptability, and miniaturization for extended skin contact. Integration with cellphones, cloud computing platforms, and IoT networks enables seamless data transmission and remote monitoring. Additionally, the incorporation of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) enables dynamic data processing, early risk prediction, and tailored intervention. This review underscores the principles of power management solutions, strategies for multiplexed detection, design of electrochemical biosensors, and AI-driven data processing. Applications tracking athletic performance, chronic disease monitoring, mental health assessment, and precision medicine are covered, along with contemporary challenges such as individual variability, environmental interference, and data security. The ongoing convergence of analytics, wireless, and sensing technology is expected to hasten the adoption of smart biosensing systems in precision and preventative healthcare.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21733,"journal":{"name":"Sensors International","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100381"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147394396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}