Sensors International最新文献

{"title":"Advancing point-of-care testing with nanomaterials-based screen-printing electrodes","authors":"Sophia Nazir","doi":"10.1016/j.sintl.2025.100328","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sintl.2025.100328","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although numerous studies have been conducted on multiple screen-printing electrodes (SPEs), little emphasis has been placed on systematically assessing scholarly work on nanomaterial-equipped SPEs in bioanalytical research. The fabrication of state-of-the-art portable screen-printing measuring devices represents significant disease monitoring and diagnosis advancements. This review classifies screen-printing electrodes based on the nanomaterials used. It discusses cost, regulatory approvals for portable screen-printing electrodes in point-of-care diagnostics, sensitivity, specificity, size reductions, and proposed solutions. It looks into the significance of new nanomaterials and substrates in fabricating point-of-care diagnostic devices and miniaturisation techniques. The review primarily focuses on the recent downsizing advances that have resulted in a growing number of portable screen-printing electrodes for quick point-of-care diagnostics. Special attention is given to identifying different bioanalytics associated with distinct medical problems. Screen-printing biosensors potentially transform healthcare by allowing for rapid, accurate, and individualised diagnosis. These biosensors improve disease management, medical outcomes, and global diagnostic accessibility as technology advances.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21733,"journal":{"name":"Sensors International","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100328"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143099037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A dual sensing probe for Cd2+ and Zn2+ detection in water based on tautomerization of acetamidoquinoline containing dipicolylamine and its application in water samples and cell imaging","authors":"Waroton Paisuwan ,&nbsp;Takuya Kodama ,&nbsp;Tanapat Palaga ,&nbsp;Thitiporn Pattarakankul ,&nbsp;Mongkol Sukwattanasinitt ,&nbsp;Nantanat Chailanggar ,&nbsp;Mamoru Tobisu ,&nbsp;Anawat Ajavakom","doi":"10.1016/j.sintl.2025.100336","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sintl.2025.100336","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Two novel fluorescent probes (<strong>2QAD</strong> and <strong>6QAD</strong>) for metal ion detection were designed and synthesized based on acetamidoquinoline derivatives containing dipicolylamine unit. <strong>2QAD</strong> distinctively exhibits fluorescence enhancement with Cd²⁺ and Zn²⁺ in aqueous media at different emission wavelengths of 350 and 380 nm, respectively. The fluorescence enhancement of <strong>2QAD</strong> involves inhibiting the PET process from the dipicolylamine group to the quinoline ring by the corresponding 1:1 complexation with each metal ion. The reversibility of complexes when adding EDTA indicates the static fluorescence-enhancing mechanism. The distinguished fluorescence responses result from amide-imidic tautomerization of <strong>2QAD</strong> induced by the complexation with different metal ions, confirmed by ¹H NMR. From the results of fluorescence titration, the LOD values for Cd²⁺ and Zn²⁺ were calculated to be 17 and 8.5 ppb, respectively, with a good linear range. Furthermore, the <strong>2QAD</strong> probe can be employed to determine the amount of Cd²⁺ and Zn²⁺ in real water samples and can also be applied to macrophage cell RAW264.7.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21733,"journal":{"name":"Sensors International","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100336"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143881714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Palm-size wireless piezoelectric immune-biosensing system for rapid E. coli O157:H7 detection","authors":"Yang Tian ,&nbsp;Lisa Kelso ,&nbsp;Yiting Xiao ,&nbsp;Chaitanya Pallerla ,&nbsp;Ramesh Bist ,&nbsp;Siavash Mahmoudi ,&nbsp;Ziyu Liu ,&nbsp;Haizheng Xiong ,&nbsp;Jeyam Subbiah ,&nbsp;Terry Howell ,&nbsp;Dongyi Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.sintl.2025.100341","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sintl.2025.100341","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rapid and accurate detection of <em>Escherichia coli O157:H7</em> is essential for ensuring public health, food safety, and environmental monitoring. Traditional detection methods are often time-consuming and require specialized laboratory infrastructure, limiting their practicality for on-site applications. In this study, we present a palm-sized, wireless piezoelectric immunosensor system designed for the swift and sensitive detection of <em>E. coli O157:H7</em>. The system integrates a gold-coated quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensor functionalized with protein A-immobilized antibodies, a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic channel for efficient sample handling, and a flexible loop antenna for wireless signal transmission. Real-time data is transmitted via Bluetooth to a smartphone application, enhancing user interaction and portability. Sensitivity tests demonstrated a proportional increase in frequency shift corresponding to <em>E. coli O157:H7</em> concentrations, achieving a detection limit as low as 10² CFU ml⁻¹ in field samples. Selectivity tests confirmed minimal cross-reactivity with other bacteria, highlighting the sensor's specificity. The incorporation of immuno-nanobeads amplified the signal, enhancing the system's ability to detect low bacterial concentrations. The portable, self-powered system offers a practical solution for rapid, on-site pathogen detection, addressing critical needs in food safety and environmental monitoring. By enabling timely and accurate detection of contaminants, this technology has the potential to significantly impact public health by reducing the incidence of foodborne illnesses, safeguarding environmental resources, and enhancing overall safety and health outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21733,"journal":{"name":"Sensors International","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100341"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144243560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a sugar-derived silver nanoparticle-based electrochemical immunosensor for sensitive D-dimer detection","authors":"Fatma Ozturk Kirbay ,&nbsp;İdris Yazgan ,&nbsp;Dilek Odaci","doi":"10.1016/j.sintl.2025.100332","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sintl.2025.100332","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>D-dimer (DD) is a key marker of coagulation and fibrinolysis activation. Clinicians can make important decisions with the aid of quick analysis and quantification, ideally at the patient's bedside. Electrochemical immunosensors are effective point-of-care technologies to address these issues. Here, we describe the development of a simple electrochemical immunosensor to detect DD. The immunosensor is constructed by electrodeposition of lactose methoxide aniline silver nanoparticles (LMA-AgNPs) on a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE). The LMA-AgNP and SPCE/LMA-AgNP were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The electrochemical behavior of the SPCE/LMA-AgNP was examined using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and cyclic voltammetry (CV). Then, Anti-D-Dimer antibody (Anti-DD) was immobilized on SPCE/LMA-AgNP. Along with the analytical characterization of the SPCE/LMA-AgNP/Anti-DD immunosensor, the linear range for DD, limit of detection (LOD), potential chemical interferences, and real sample applications were also evaluated. The antigen/antibody interaction at various DD concentrations was monitored using DPV. The SPCE/LMA-AgNP/Anti-DD shows a linear response in the DD concentration range of 0.01–1 pg/mL and a LOD of 0.2 fg/mL. In addition, the SPCE/LMA-AgNP/Anti-DD showed excellent specificity and no response to potential interfering substances, for instance urea, insulin, C-reactive protein (CRP), and serum amyloid A (SAA). Eventually, the SPCE/LMA-AgNP/Anti-DD is applied in human serum, which shows good recovery values (97.2 %). The SPCE/LMA-AgNP/Anti-DD can be fabricated cheaply and easily for bedside clinical evaluation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21733,"journal":{"name":"Sensors International","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100332"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143791293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of nickel incorporation on the physicochemical properties and performance of HKUST-1-based MOF immunosensor for DENV-3 NS1 detection","authors":"Neng Astri Lidiawati ,&nbsp;Muhammad Fadlan Raihan ,&nbsp;Angga Hermawan ,&nbsp;Octia Floweri ,&nbsp;Robeth Viktoria Manurung ,&nbsp;Muhammad Iqbal ,&nbsp;Ahmad Nuruddin ,&nbsp;Nugraha ,&nbsp;Brian Yuliarto ,&nbsp;Ni Luh Wulan Septiani","doi":"10.1016/j.sintl.2025.100331","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sintl.2025.100331","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An electrochemical immunosensor was developed using a modified metal-organic framework (MOF) for detecting dengue virus serotype 3 (DENV-3) NS1. CuNi-MOF frameworks with varying Cu:Ni molar ratios—1:0 (CuNi-1), 5:1 (CuNi-2), 3:1 (CuNi-3), and 1:1 (CuNi-4)—were synthesized, incorporating 10 wt% triethanolamine (TEOA) as a modulator to enhance performance. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra confirm the successful formation of CuNi-MOF. Morphological evolution was observed as the Ni content increased to 50 % (CuNi-4), resulting in a transformation from octahedral to bar-like particles. Among the synthesized materials, CuNi-4 exhibited the highest redox current, making it the optimal choice for electrochemical measurements targeting dengue virus (DENV) detection. Using DPV technique, it was found that linear range of DENV-3 antigen concentration is 0.001 ng mL⁻¹ - 5 ng mL⁻¹ with a limit of detection (LoD) of 0.1 pg mL⁻¹. In addition, the CuNi-4 exhibited remarkable selectivity for DENV-3 over the other three dengue virus serotypes. Real sample testing using DENV-3 antigen with variation concentration of 0.001; 0.01; 0.1; 1; and 10 ng mL⁻¹ in commercial human serum resulted in the recovery of 98 %, 94 %, 97 %, 95 %, and 98 %, respectively. The findings highlight the promise of the CuNi-4-based electrochemical immunosensor for detecting NS-1 antigens of DENV-3 with high specificity and sensitivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21733,"journal":{"name":"Sensors International","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100331"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143644635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fast micrometer resolution magneto-optical viscosity measurements with hard magnetic nanoplatelets","authors":"Artem Eliseev ,&nbsp;Vladimir Korolev ,&nbsp;Evgeny Anokhin ,&nbsp;Andrei Chumakov ,&nbsp;Alexander Vasiliev ,&nbsp;Lev Trusov ,&nbsp;Pavel Kazin ,&nbsp;Andrei Eliseev","doi":"10.1016/j.sintl.2025.100337","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sintl.2025.100337","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The paper reports on the application of hard magnetic nanoplatelets for direct local dynamic viscosity evaluation in liquids through their drag-hindered rotation after a magnetic field. Strontium hexaferrite, SrFe₁₂O₁₉ nanoplatelets with a diameter of 50 nm and a thickness of 5 nm were employed as nanoscale probes. The dynamics of nanoplatelets is investigated with AC magnetometry, small-angle X-ray scattering, and optical absorption/reflectance spectroscopy. Those reveal well-defined relation of drag force and phase lag tangent for platelets rotation under AC magnetization with the viscosity of the medium. The analytical quantitative description for magneto-optical response is provided and utilized successfully for independent viscosity evaluation of various liquids within the viscosity range of 0.5–1000 mPa∙s. The nanoscale size of the probes also enabled viscosity visualization with micrometer resolution in microchannels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21733,"journal":{"name":"Sensors International","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100337"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143886591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modify a dual ridge horn antenna for drone jamming applications","authors":"Alaa Hussein Hilal,&nbsp;Ahmed Hameed Reja,&nbsp;Mohammed J. Mohammed","doi":"10.1016/j.sintl.2025.100334","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sintl.2025.100334","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the last decade, the number of drones has been increasing and becoming cheaper relative to the damage they can cause, threatening airports, transportation, and military applications. Jamming on drones is becoming more and more significant. Handheld anti-drone jammer antennas require high-gain directivity beam patterns with narrow half-power beam widths (HPBW) while also covering multiple frequency bands that are used by drones. This work has modified the proposed multiband gain and enhanced the narrow beam utilized by the Dual Ridge Horn Antenna (DRHA) to meet the requirements of drone jamming systems. The proposed antenna can cover GPS <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>L</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>, 2.45 GHz, and 5.8 GHz. This work presents a DRHA developed utilizing CST Studio and optimized by using genetic algorithm optimization (GA) that has been employed to improve parameters that enhance selected frequencies. One of the standout features of this design is the incorporation of a dielectric microwave lens, which significantly improved the antenna factor This lens has been inventively crafted using three dielectric constant, <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>ɛ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>r</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> 2.1, 4, and 4.2 at three different diameters 11 cm, 7 cm and 4 cm as well as different thickness 0.9 cm, 1.3 cm and 1.5 cm, respectively. According to impressive simulations the reflection coefficient has been improved from <span><math><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>12</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>13</mn></mrow></math></span> dB to an incredible <span><math><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>19</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>7</mn></mrow></math></span> dB at 2.45 GHz. Regarding to the Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) outcomes the practical design improved from <span><math><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>8</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>25</mn></mrow></math></span> dB to <span><math><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>18</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>8</mn></mrow></math></span> dB which reflecting a remarkable enhancement of 43.88% after integrating the dielectric lens. The final dimensions of the fabricated antenna, including the feed section, have been defined as (3.65<span><math><mi>λ</mi></math></span> <span><math><mrow><mo>×</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>λ</mi></mrow></math></span> <span><math><mrow><mo>×</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>λ</mi></mrow></math></span>), aligning excellently with relevant works. Finally, the practical design is an agreement match with simulation results, and the measured peak gain is 7.92 dB at 1.575 GHz, 10.9 dB at 2.45 GHz and 15 dB at 5.8 GHz. The proposed antenna would be suitable for use in a portable handheld jamming system on drones.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21733,"journal":{"name":"Sensors International","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100334"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143886479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"KCl-leakage-free reference electrode based on Ag2O–TeO2 glass and Ti","authors":"Tadanori Hashimoto ,&nbsp;Masato Kano ,&nbsp;Kyota Fujioka ,&nbsp;Naoki Yasuda ,&nbsp;Atsushi Ishihara ,&nbsp;Takuhisa Komi ,&nbsp;Yuji Nishio","doi":"10.1016/j.sintl.2025.100339","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sintl.2025.100339","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The primary objective of this study was to develop KCl-leakage-free reference electrodes for biomedical, clinical, and food applications, as well as for use in the semiconductor industry. Accordingly, we developed new reference electrodes based on Ag₂O–TeO₂ glass and Ti, employing Ag₂O–TeO₂ glass/Ti and Ti/Ag₂O–TeO₂ glass/stainless steel (SUS) configurations in particular. The investigations revealed that the pH sensitivity of 25Ag₂O·75TeO₂/Ti (3 %) was significantly lower than that of 25Ag₂O·75TeO₂/SUS (12 %). Ag₇Te₄ observed in Ti samples had a higher Te fraction than Ag₂Te observed in SUS samples. The stronger reducing ability of Ti compared to Fe in SUS facilitated the reduction of Te⁴⁺ ions to Te⁰, which subsequently reacted with Ag⁰. This observation supports the hypothesis that the pH sensitivity of Ag₇Te₄ is lower than that of Ag₂Te. Heat treatment of Ti on 25Ag₂O·75TeO₂/SUS resulted in a gray TiO₂/Ti layer surrounded by ocher-colored precipitates, including the Ag–Te alloy. Increasing the Ti content in Ti/25Ag₂O·75TeO₂/SUS reduced its pH sensitivity. A 1:2 Ti weight ratio achieved a pH sensitivity of 5 %, similar to 25Ag₂O·75TeO₂/Ti (3 %). Dividing Ti into three sections eliminated the central TiO₂/Ti layer, leaving only Ag–Te alloys and TeO₂ as the predominant materials. However, this structural modification had no discernible impact on the pH sensitivity. These findings suggest that Ag–Te alloys and TeO₂ can act as primary pH-responsive sites, with TiO₂/Ti having no significant contribution. Since TeO₂ likely has a higher electrical resistivity than Ag–Te alloys, the observed low pH sensitivity results from that of the minor but electrically conductive Ag–Te alloys. Therefore, 25Ag₂O·75TeO₂/Ti is a promising candidate for developing KCl-leakage-free reference electrodes for pH sensors, offering low pH sensitivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21733,"journal":{"name":"Sensors International","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100339"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanosensor for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) detection based on a selective growth-regulating mechanism","authors":"Johan A. Farfán,&nbsp;Mary Licuona,&nbsp;Betty C. Galarreta,&nbsp;Yulán Hernández","doi":"10.1016/j.sintl.2025.100344","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sintl.2025.100344","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanomaterial-based biosensors provide high sensitivity and versatility for the detection of target analytes. Particularly, gold nanomaterials are widely employed as signal transducers due to their unique plasmonic properties. When functionalized with aptamers, these nanostructures gain enhanced selectivity, rapid response capability, and cost-effectiveness. However, the instability of large gold nanoparticles can hinder the exploration of various shapes and sizes.</div><div>In this research, two different types of nanoparticles were used for the development of a carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a tumoral biomarker for colorectal cancer, nanosensor. It was proposed a system based on gold nanotriangles (AuNTs) functionalized with the amphiphilic polymer polyvinylpyrrolidone (AuNT@PVP) and a hairpin-shaped aptamer selective to CEA biotinylated at the 3′ end and thiolated at the 5′ end (AuNT@PVP@Apt). Specific recognition process was optimized expecting that CEA would trigger the unfolding of the hairpin structure, exposing biotin moieties that enabled subsequent binding of streptavidin-functionalized gold nanoparticles (AuNP@Strept, 3–5 nm in diameter). However, when analyzing the optical changes observed by UV–Vis–NIR spectroscopy and its correlation with the concentration of CEA, it was observed that the main mechanism involved in the detection was a selective growth mechanism of AuNPs, leading to a really simple and easy way of detecting CEA. The results obtained in this study highlight the intricacies of developing such nanosensors and introduce a novel detection method based on a selective growth mechanism that can be further used for detection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21733,"journal":{"name":"Sensors International","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100344"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144514161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analytical model for DG-AlGaN/GaN MOS-HEMT for sensitive analysis of pH analytes and charged biomolecules","authors":"P. Sriramani ,&nbsp;N. Mohankumar ,&nbsp;Lignesh Durai ,&nbsp;Y. Prasamsha ,&nbsp;Nitin Rakesh","doi":"10.1016/j.sintl.2024.100312","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sintl.2024.100312","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article introduces an analytical model for double-gate AlGaN/GaN MOS-HEMT biosensors to accurately detect pH analytes and charged biomolecules. The device incorporates nanocavities and operates on the concept of dielectric modulation, presuming the presence of a native oxide layer on the surface of the AlGaN layer. The pH of the analyte is represented as the interface charge. Numerical simulations evaluate the biosensor's effectiveness by analyzing its sensitivity to drain ON current (S_I) and threshold voltage (S_V). The device exhibited a peak S_V of 586.5 mV, a value tenfold more significant than the Nernst limit for pH analyte. The maximum S_I, computed at the peak transconductance, was determined to be 135.5 mA/mm/pH at V_G = −2V and V_D = 5V. The biosensor response to a charged biomolecule is assessed by considering the dielectric constant and charge density (ρ). The biosensor exhibited a maximum S_I of 0.225 at V_D = 5V and V_G = −1V and S_V of 1.488V for charged biomolecule at ρ = 1 × 10¹²/cm². The impact of the bias voltages, ion molar concentration of pH analyte, AlGaN layer thickness and cavity length on the S_I of the device is explored in detail. The S_I for pH analytes is unaffected by the AlGaN layer thickness but enhanced with ion molar concentration and cavity length. However, for charged biomolecules, S_I decreased with increased AlGaN layer thickness and improved with cavity length.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21733,"journal":{"name":"Sensors International","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100312"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142723833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}