Seminars in liver disease最新文献_第2页

Noninvasive Tests to Assess Fibrosis and Disease Severity in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease. 评估代谢功能障碍相关性脂肪性肝病和代谢功能障碍相关性脂肪性肝炎的纤维化和疾病严重程度的无创检验。

IF 4.3 3区医学

Seminars in liver disease Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-09 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1788277

Monica A Tincopa, Rohit Loomba

{"title":"Noninvasive Tests to Assess Fibrosis and Disease Severity in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.","authors":"Monica A Tincopa, Rohit Loomba","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1788277","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0044-1788277","url":null,"abstract":"Risk of disease progression and clinical outcomes in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is associated with fibrosis stage and presence of \"at-risk metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH).\" Although liver biopsy is considered the gold standard to diagnose MASH and stage of fibrosis, biopsy is infrequently performed in clinical practice and has associated sampling error, lack of interrater reliability, and risk for procedural complications. Noninvasive tests (NITs) are routinely used in clinical practice for risk stratification of patients with MASLD. Several NITs are being developed for detecting \"at-risk MASH\" and cirrhosis. Clinical care guidelines apply NITs to identify patients needing subspecialty referral. With recently approved Food and Drug Administration treatment for MASH and additional emerging pharmacotherapy, NITs will identify patients who will most benefit from treatment, monitor treatment response, and assess risk for long-term clinical outcomes. In this review, we examine the performance of NITs to detect \"at-risk MASH,\" fibrosis stage, response to treatment, and risk of clinical outcomes in MASLD and MASH.","PeriodicalId":21724,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in liver disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141564259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Combined Organ Transplantation in Patients with Advanced Liver Disease. 晚期肝病患者的联合器官移植。

IF 4.3 3区医学

Seminars in liver disease Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-25 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1788674

Ingrid Wei Zhang, Isabella Lurje, Georg Lurje, Christoph Knosalla, Felix Schoenrath, Frank Tacke, Cornelius Engelmann

{"title":"Combined Organ Transplantation in Patients with Advanced Liver Disease.","authors":"Ingrid Wei Zhang, Isabella Lurje, Georg Lurje, Christoph Knosalla, Felix Schoenrath, Frank Tacke, Cornelius Engelmann","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1788674","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0044-1788674","url":null,"abstract":"Transplantation of the liver in combination with other organs is an increasingly performed procedure. Over the years, continuous improvement in survival could be realized through careful patient selection and refined organ preservation techniques, in spite of the challenges posed by aging recipients and donors, as well as the increased use of steatotic liver grafts. Herein, we revisit the epidemiology, allocation policies in different transplant zones, indications, and outcomes with regard to simultaneous organ transplants involving the liver, that is combined heart-liver, liver-lung, liver-kidney, and multivisceral transplantation. We address challenges surrounding combined organ transplantation such as equity, utility, and logistics of dual organ implantation, but also advantages that come along with combined transplantation, thereby focusing on molecular mechanisms underlying immunoprotection provided by the liver to the other allografts. In addition, the current standing and knowledge of machine perfusion in combined organ transplantation, mostly based on center experience, will be reviewed. Notwithstanding all the technical advances, shortage of organs, and the lack of universal eligibility criteria for certain multi-organ combinations are hurdles that need to be tackled in the future.","PeriodicalId":21724,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in liver disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11449526/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141760838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Precision Medicine Guided Approach to the Utilization of Biomarkers in MASLD. 新型生物标记物在 MASLD 中的应用：基于精准医学的方法。

IF 4.3 3区医学

Seminars in liver disease Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-11 DOI: 10.1055/a-2364-2928

Nimish Thakral, Hailemichael Desalegn, Luis Antonio Diaz, Daniel Cabrera, Rohit Loomba, Marco Arrese, Juan Pablo Arab

{"title":"A Precision Medicine Guided Approach to the Utilization of Biomarkers in MASLD.","authors":"Nimish Thakral, Hailemichael Desalegn, Luis Antonio Diaz, Daniel Cabrera, Rohit Loomba, Marco Arrese, Juan Pablo Arab","doi":"10.1055/a-2364-2928","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2364-2928","url":null,"abstract":"The new nomenclature of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) emphasizes a positive diagnosis based on cardiometabolic risk factors. This definition is not only less stigmatizing but also allows for subclassification and stratification, thereby addressing the heterogeneity of what was historically referred to as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. The heterogeneity within this spectrum is influenced by several factors which include but are not limited to demographic/dietary factors, the amount of alcohol use and drinking patterns, metabolic status, gut microbiome, genetic predisposition together with epigenetic factors. The net effect of this dynamic and intricate system-level interaction is reflected in the phenotypic presentation of MASLD. Therefore, the application of precision medicine in this scenario aims at complex phenotyping with consequent individual risk prediction, development of individualized preventive strategies, and improvements in the clinical trial designs. In this review, we aim to highlight the importance of precision medicine approaches in MASLD, including the use of novel biomarkers of disease, and its subsequent utilization in future study designs.","PeriodicalId":21724,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in liver disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141591339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gallstones: Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment. 胆结石：预防、诊断和治疗。

IF 4.3 3区医学

Seminars in liver disease Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-02 DOI: 10.1055/a-2378-9025

Frank Lammert, Henning Wittenburg

{"title":"Gallstones: Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment.","authors":"Frank Lammert, Henning Wittenburg","doi":"10.1055/a-2378-9025","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2378-9025","url":null,"abstract":"Gallstones are common and affect up to 20% of the general adult population and >20% of them will develop symptoms or complications of cholelithiasis. The high risk of gallbladder stone formation can be reduced by ursodeoxycholic acid in the case of significant weight reduction resulting from diet or bariatric surgery. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is indicated for symptomatic gallstones, as the risk of recurrence or complications increases over the course of the disease. Biliary colic is treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and spasmolytics; opioids can also be used in cases of severe acute pain. Acute cholecystitis represents a common complication of gallbladder stones and a cholecystectomy should be performed early electively, i.e., within 24 hours of admission to hospital. Symptomatic bile duct stones are primarily treated endoscopically. Immediate anti-infective therapy is mandatory in acute cholangitis. Although knowledge on the genetics and pathophysiology of gallstones has increased, current treatment algorithms remain predominantly invasive, based on interventional endoscopy and surgery. Future efforts should focus on novel strategies to prevent the development of gallstones.","PeriodicalId":21724,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in liver disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141879293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Role of Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4 Alpha in Liver Cancer. HNF4alpha 在肝癌中的作用

IF 4.3 3区医学

Seminars in liver disease Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-20 DOI: 10.1055/a-2349-7236

Manasi Kotulkar, Diego Paine-Cabrera, Udayan Apte

{"title":"Role of Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4 Alpha in Liver Cancer.","authors":"Manasi Kotulkar, Diego Paine-Cabrera, Udayan Apte","doi":"10.1055/a-2349-7236","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2349-7236","url":null,"abstract":"Liver cancer is the sixth most common cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent primary liver cancer and the incidence of HCC is on the rise. Liver cancers in general and HCC in particular do not respond to chemotherapy. Radiological ablation, surgical resection, and liver transplantation are the only medical therapies currently available. Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 α (HNF4α) is an orphan nuclear receptor expressed only in hepatocytes in the liver. HNF4α is considered the master regulator of hepatic differentiation because it regulates a significant number of genes involved in various liver-specific functions. In addition to maintaining hepatic differentiation, HNF4α also acts as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting hepatocyte proliferation by suppressing the expression of promitogenic genes and inhibiting epithelial to mesenchymal transition in hepatocytes. Loss of HNF4α expression and function is associated with rapid progression of chronic liver diseases that ultimately lead to liver cirrhosis and HCC, including metabolism-associated steatohepatitis, alcohol-associated liver disease, and hepatitis virus infection. This review summarizes the role of HNF4α in liver cancer pathogenesis and highlights its potential as a potential therapeutic target for HCC.","PeriodicalId":21724,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in liver disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141432745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Role of Neutrophils in the Development of Steatotic Liver Disease. 中性粒细胞在脂肪肝发病过程中的作用

IF 4.3 3区医学

Seminars in liver disease Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-08 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1789207

You-Jin Choi, Yeonsoo Kim, Seonghwan Hwang

引用次数: 0

Understanding Hepatic Porphyrias: Symptoms, Treatments, and Unmet Needs 了解肝卟啉症：症状、治疗和未满足的需求

IF 4.2 3区医学

Seminars in liver disease Pub Date : 2024-05-17 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1787076

Oluwashanu Balogun, Kari Nejak-Bowen

引用次数: 0

Statins in Chronic Liver Disease: Review of the Literature and Future Role. 他汀类药物在慢性肝病中的应用：文献综述与未来作用。

IF 4.3 3区医学

Seminars in liver disease Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-03 DOI: 10.1055/a-2319-0694

Nguyen Pham, Jihane N Benhammou

引用次数: 0

Hepatotoxicity of Antibiotics and Antifungals and Their Safe Use in Hepatic Impairment. 抗生素和抗真菌药的肝毒性及其在肝功能受损情况下的安全使用。

IF 4.3 3区医学

Seminars in liver disease Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1787062

J Ma, E S Björnsson, N Chalasani

引用次数: 0

Overcoming Resistance to Immune Checkpoint Blockade in Liver Cancer with Combination Therapy: Stronger Together? 克服肝癌患者对免疫检查点阻断剂的耐药性--强强联手？

IF 4.3 3区医学

Seminars in liver disease Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-28 DOI: 10.1055/a-2334-8311

Wiebke Werner, Maria Kuzminskaya, Isabella Lurje, Frank Tacke, Linda Hammerich

{"title":"Overcoming Resistance to Immune Checkpoint Blockade in Liver Cancer with Combination Therapy: Stronger Together?","authors":"Wiebke Werner, Maria Kuzminskaya, Isabella Lurje, Frank Tacke, Linda Hammerich","doi":"10.1055/a-2334-8311","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2334-8311","url":null,"abstract":"Primary liver cancer, represented mainly by hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), is one of the most common and deadliest tumors worldwide. While surgical resection or liver transplantation are the best option in early disease stages, these tumors often present in advanced stages and systemic treatment is required to improve survival time. The emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy has had a positive impact especially on the treatment of advanced cancers, thereby establishing immunotherapy as part of first-line treatment in HCC and CCA. Nevertheless, low response rates reflect on the usually cold or immunosuppressed tumor microenvironment of primary liver cancer. In this review, we aim to summarize mechanisms of resistance leading to tumor immune escape with a special focus on the composition of tumor microenvironment in both HCC and CCA, also reflecting on recent important developments in ICI combination therapy. Furthermore, we discuss how combination of ICIs with established primary liver cancer treatments (e.g. multikinase inhibitors and chemotherapy) as well as more complex combinations with state-of-the-art therapeutic concepts may reshape the tumor microenvironment, leading to higher response rates and long-lasting antitumor immunity for primary liver cancer patients.","PeriodicalId":21724,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in liver disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11245330/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141162414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0