Seminars in liver disease最新文献_第2页

Aging and Aging-Related Senescence in Liver. 衰老及与衰老相关的肝脏衰老。

IF 3.7 3区医学

Seminars in liver disease Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-04 DOI: 10.1055/a-2637-2549

Souradipta Ganguly, Sadatsugu Sakane, Kanani Hokutan, Vivian Zhang, Charlene Miciano, Allen Wang, David A Brenner, Tatiana Kisseleva

{"title":"Aging and Aging-Related Senescence in Liver.","authors":"Souradipta Ganguly, Sadatsugu Sakane, Kanani Hokutan, Vivian Zhang, Charlene Miciano, Allen Wang, David A Brenner, Tatiana Kisseleva","doi":"10.1055/a-2637-2549","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2637-2549","url":null,"abstract":"Aging is characterized by the progressive deterioration of cell and tissue functions. The liver, which regulates metabolic homeostasis, detoxification, and immune responses, undergoes structural and functional changes with age. These include increasing genomic instability, telomere attrition, epigenetic alterations, loss of proteostasis, deregulated nutrient-sensing and intracellular communication, mitochondrial dysfunction, cell senescence, stem cell exhaustion, chronic inflammation, disabled macroautophagy, and dysbiosis. These alterations contribute to hepatocyte dysfunction, impaired regenerative responses, and fibrosis risk, which all exacerbate existing liver diseases. Senescence involves irreversible cell cycle arrest resulting in an inflammatory, senescence-associated secretory cell phenotype. Senescent hepatocytes, liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, hepatic stellate cells, and Kupffer cells accumulate in the aged liver, creating an inflammatory and fibrotic microenvironment that promotes tumorigenesis. As the burden of aging-related liver disease increases, therapeutic strategies targeting hepatic senescence have gained attention. We review these, along with the mechanisms and pathogenic effects of liver aging.","PeriodicalId":21724,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in liver disease","volume":" ","pages":"549-566"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144565126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microbial Modulation of the Gut-Liver Axis in Autoimmune Liver Diseases. 自身免疫性肝病中肠-肝轴的微生物调节。

IF 3.7 3区医学

Seminars in liver disease Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-27 DOI: 10.1055/a-2679-3641

Shihui Wei, Juan Lu

{"title":"Microbial Modulation of the Gut-Liver Axis in Autoimmune Liver Diseases.","authors":"Shihui Wei, Juan Lu","doi":"10.1055/a-2679-3641","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2679-3641","url":null,"abstract":"Autoimmune liver diseases (AILDs), including autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cholangitis, and primary sclerosing cholangitis, are chronic inflammatory conditions influenced by complex interactions among genetic, environmental, and immunological factors. Recent studies have highlighted the critical role of the gut microbiota in regulating immune responses beyond the gastrointestinal tract via the gut-liver axis. This review examines the interactions between intestinal microecology and AILDs, with a focus on mechanisms such as bacterial translocation, disruption of the intestinal barrier, and modulation of microbial metabolites. Dysbiosis, involving alterations in both bacterial and fungal communities, has been associated with immune dysregulation and hepatic inflammation. Evidence indicates that short-chain fatty acids, bile acids, and microbial products such as lipopolysaccharides influence hepatic immune tolerance and inflammatory signaling pathways. Several diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, including probiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and bile acid regulation, have shown potential to slow or alter disease progression. However, the clinical translation of these findings remains limited due to interindividual variability and the complex nature of the gut-liver axis. Continued research is needed to develop precision medicine strategies that can harness intestinal microecology for improved management of AILDs.","PeriodicalId":21724,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in liver disease","volume":" ","pages":"498-516"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12674895/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144967701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Portosinusoidal Vascular Disorder: When to Suspect and How to Manage? 门窦血管疾病：何时怀疑及如何治疗？

IF 3.7 3区医学

Seminars in liver disease Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-27 DOI: 10.1055/a-2630-0848

Sarah Shalaby, Wagner Enrique Ramírez-Quesada, Asunción Ojeda, Valeria Perez-Campuzano, Anna Baiges, Fanny Turon, Carla Fuster, Alba Díaz, Virginia Hernández-Gea, Juan Carlos García-Pagán

{"title":"Portosinusoidal Vascular Disorder: When to Suspect and How to Manage?","authors":"Sarah Shalaby, Wagner Enrique Ramírez-Quesada, Asunción Ojeda, Valeria Perez-Campuzano, Anna Baiges, Fanny Turon, Carla Fuster, Alba Díaz, Virginia Hernández-Gea, Juan Carlos García-Pagán","doi":"10.1055/a-2630-0848","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2630-0848","url":null,"abstract":"Portosinusoidal vascular disorders (PSVD) represent a group of rare conditions characterized by abnormalities in the liver's vascular architecture, often manifesting with clinical features of portal hypertension (PH), in the absence of cirrhosis. The pathophysiology of PSVD remains unclear, but it is frequently linked to underlying immunological disorders, medications, hematological disorders, and thrombophilia. Laboratory tests typically show preserved liver function with or without slight alteration on the transaminase profile. A key diagnostic feature is the presence of clear signs of PH alongside normal or only slightly elevated liver stiffness and hepatic venous pressure gradient. Liver biopsy remains essential for confirming the diagnosis and excluding other causes of PH and cirrhosis. However, histological examination may reveal subtle or mild changes, making expert pathological analysis and high-quality specimens crucial for an accurate diagnosis. In some cases, characteristic histological findings may be identified in patients without overt PH, which could represent an early stage of the disease. The long-term prognosis for patients with PSVD is mainly influenced by severity of the underlying condition and development of PH. However, treatments that modify the disease's natural history are still lacking, and management primarily focuses on controlling complications related to PH. Further research into the pathogenesis and potential therapeutic strategies for PSVD is needed to improve patient outcomes.","PeriodicalId":21724,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in liver disease","volume":" ","pages":"487-497"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144512487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Endohepatology in the Management of Liver Diseases. 内源性肝病在肝病治疗中的应用

IF 3.7 3区医学

Seminars in liver disease Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1055/a-2677-3773

Thomas J Wang, Ajaypal Singh

{"title":"Endohepatology in the Management of Liver Diseases.","authors":"Thomas J Wang, Ajaypal Singh","doi":"10.1055/a-2677-3773","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2677-3773","url":null,"abstract":"Endohepatology is an emerging field that encompasses various diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) techniques for the management of liver disease. It encompasses diagnostic techniques for fibrosis staging and portal hypertension evaluation, as well as therapeutic interventions for conditions like variceal bleeding. Given the medical complexity and fragility that are often encountered in patients with liver disease, careful attention is of paramount importance to minimize risk and invasiveness when possible while extracting maximal value with a therapeutic intent. EUS-guided access to liver, bile ducts, and the hepatic vasculature provides the ability for diagnostic evaluation and interventions, which are not limited by body habitus and the need for central vascular access. Established EUS-guided techniques include liver biopsy, direct portal pressure gradient measurements, and gastric variceal coiling and injection therapies. More emerging techniques, including liver palpation, shear wave elastography, portal venous sampling, rectal variceal coiling, and partial splenic artery embolization, have also been described in the literature. This review details the rationale and evidence behind both established and emerging EUS-guided techniques, highlighting their current and potential future impact on endohepatology.","PeriodicalId":21724,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in liver disease","volume":" ","pages":"439-450"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144967724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Animal Models of Porphyria with Hepatic Involvement. 卟啉症伴肝脏受累的动物模型。

IF 3.7 3区医学

Seminars in liver disease Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-21 DOI: 10.1055/a-2677-6806

Oluwashanu Balogun, Kari Nejak-Bowen

{"title":"Animal Models of Porphyria with Hepatic Involvement.","authors":"Oluwashanu Balogun, Kari Nejak-Bowen","doi":"10.1055/a-2677-6806","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2677-6806","url":null,"abstract":"The porphyrias are a group of metabolic disorders that are caused by defects in one of the eight enzymes that synthesize heme. A common feature of all porphyrias is accumulation of porphyrin precursors or porphyrins, which are intermediates of the heme biosynthesis pathway. Approximately 15% of heme biosynthesis occurs in the liver, and excessive hepatic production of porphyrin precursors caused by heme enzyme deficiencies can lead to neurovisceral manifestations. Additionally, in erythropoietic protoporphyria, porphyrins accumulate in the liver, leading to hepatic injury. These rare diseases have few effective medical therapies, and disease mechanisms are not always well understood. Animal models have provided a platform to study the pathophysiology of disease and test emerging therapies. In this review, the last of a three-part series, we describe the animal models that have been generated to study porphyrias with hepatic involvement. For each model, we discuss mechanisms of injury, phenotypic features, and the similarities and contrasts to human porphyria. We also describe preclinical studies that have utilized the model for therapeutic interventions. Overall, animal-based studies have made significant contributions to our understanding of porphyria and may lead to innovative therapies in the future.","PeriodicalId":21724,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in liver disease","volume":" ","pages":"531-548"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13109850/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144967734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Combined Hepatocellular-Cholangiocarcinoma: A Clinical and Molecular Review. 肝细胞-胆管合并癌的临床和分子研究进展。

IF 3.7 3区医学

Seminars in liver disease Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.1055/a-2730-9074

Shaodian Xu, Julien Calderaro

引用次数: 0

Integrated Alcohol Use Disorder and Liver Disease Management. 综合酒精使用障碍和肝脏疾病管理。

IF 3.7 3区医学

Seminars in liver disease Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1055/a-2717-3496

Hanna Blaney, Adelina Horhat, Abdulmalik Saleem, Gerald S Winder, Jessica Mellinger, Juan P Arab

{"title":"Integrated Alcohol Use Disorder and Liver Disease Management.","authors":"Hanna Blaney, Adelina Horhat, Abdulmalik Saleem, Gerald S Winder, Jessica Mellinger, Juan P Arab","doi":"10.1055/a-2717-3496","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2717-3496","url":null,"abstract":"Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) is a leading cause of liver disease worldwide, caused by hazardous alcohol use. Many patients with ALD also have alcohol use disorder (AUD), a chronic mental health condition characterized by a cluster of behavioral, cognitive, and physiological symptoms that indicate continued alcohol use despite significant alcohol-related problems. Comprehensive care of ALD often requires treatment of AUD, and evidence has demonstrated that treating the latter improves patient outcomes. However, only a minority of patients with AUD/ALD receive treatment. Integrative care models where hepatologists work alongside AUD specialists have been developed. These partnerships have been associated with improved outcomes, including decreased rates of return to alcohol use, decreased healthcare utilization, and even improved mortality. We review the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of AUD and ALD, examples of successful integrated care models, and outcomes. We also discuss knowledge gaps and areas where future research is needed, including the role of integrated care in the peri-transplantation period for ALD, harm reduction approaches, and the need for efforts to support collaboration for integrative care. In conclusion, the dual pathologies of AUD and ALD necessitate multidisciplinary care, and integrated care models have been shown to be both feasible and effective.","PeriodicalId":21724,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in liver disease","volume":" ","pages":"517-530"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145393023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Liver Neurobiology: Regulation of Liver Functions by the Nervous System. 肝脏神经生物学：神经系统对肝功能的调节。

IF 3.7 3区医学

Seminars in liver disease Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-16 DOI: 10.1055/a-2562-2000

Boris Mravec, Maria Szantova

引用次数: 0

Emerging Targets for the Treatment of Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis. 原发性硬化性胆管炎治疗的新靶点。

IF 3.7 3区医学

Seminars in liver disease Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-26 DOI: 10.1055/a-2601-9426

Elisabeth Tatscher, Samy Mady, Peter Fickert

{"title":"Emerging Targets for the Treatment of Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis.","authors":"Elisabeth Tatscher, Samy Mady, Peter Fickert","doi":"10.1055/a-2601-9426","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2601-9426","url":null,"abstract":"Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a rare, progressive cholestatic disease of unknown etiology and characterized by inflammation and stricturing of intrahepatic and/or extrahepatic bile ducts. This process leads to bile duct scarring, progressive liver fibrosis, and end-stage liver disease. PSC is often associated with a specific form of inflammatory bowel disease and patients face a significant risk of developing cholangiocarcinoma and colorectal cancer. The clinical course of PSC can differ significantly between subtypes and affected individuals, representing a major obstacle to successful medical treatment trials. Numerous innovative therapeutic targets have been identified and, at least in part, explored, including nuclear and membrane receptors regulating bile acid metabolism and transport, modulation of gut microbiota, and signaling molecules involved in liver inflammation and fibrosis. Successful drug testing in preclinical PSC models as well as positive signals from some clinical studies justify hope. However, no medical treatment has so far been proven to improve transplant-free survival or overall survival in PSC patients. Disease-modifying drugs are urgently awaited. Despite ongoing efforts to improve study designs and implement treatment trials for novel drug targets, a central breakthrough has not yet been convincingly achieved. This situation might change in the near future. This article summarizes current research efforts aimed at developing medical treatments for PSC.","PeriodicalId":21724,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in liver disease","volume":" ","pages":"362-380"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Molecular Pathogenesis of Sarcopenia/Frailty in Cirrhosis. 肝硬化中肌肉减少/虚弱的分子发病机制。

IF 3.7 3区医学

Seminars in liver disease Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-16 DOI: 10.1055/a-2564-7551

Huanli Jiao, Han Wang, Jia Li, Ziyi Yang, Chao Sun

{"title":"The Molecular Pathogenesis of Sarcopenia/Frailty in Cirrhosis.","authors":"Huanli Jiao, Han Wang, Jia Li, Ziyi Yang, Chao Sun","doi":"10.1055/a-2564-7551","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2564-7551","url":null,"abstract":"Cirrhosis is an important cause of morbidity and death in patients with chronic liver disease. It can be divided into compensatory and decompensated stages. During the decompensation period, complications such as esophageal and gastric varices hemorrhage, hepatic encephalopathy, infection, and hepatorenal syndrome are often incurred, which has a high mortality rate and leverages huge economic burden on society, healthcare resources, and individuals. Sarcopenia and frailty are common in patients with cirrhosis. The pathogenesis of sarcopenia and frailty in the context of cirrhosis is complicated and multifactorial, including overwhelming systemic inflammation, imbalance of muscle protein metabolism, malnutrition, endocrine and metabolic dysfunctions, intestinal microecological disorders, lack of physical exercise, and other aspects. Notably, accumulating evidence implicates that many patients experience sarcopenia/frailty even before the onset of liver cirrhosis. In this regard, the magnitude of liver fibrosis is closely linked to the progression of sarcopenia with reciprocal impact. In conclusion, this review article will shed light on the pathogenesis of cirrhosis complicated with sarcopenia/frailty, aimed at facilitating early diagnosis and effective management.","PeriodicalId":21724,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in liver disease","volume":" ","pages":"303-314"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144015877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0