Seminars in liver disease最新文献_第3页

Mitochondria and Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease: Pathogenic Role and Target for Therapy. 线粒体和 ALD：致病作用和治疗目标。

IF 4.3 3区医学

Seminars in liver disease Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1055/a-2421-5658

Sandra Torres, Josiah Hardesty, Monica Barrios, Carmen Garcia-Ruiz, Jose C Fernandez-Checa, Ashwani K Singal

{"title":"Mitochondria and Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease: Pathogenic Role and Target for Therapy.","authors":"Sandra Torres, Josiah Hardesty, Monica Barrios, Carmen Garcia-Ruiz, Jose C Fernandez-Checa, Ashwani K Singal","doi":"10.1055/a-2421-5658","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2421-5658","url":null,"abstract":"Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) is one of the leading causes of chronic liver disease and a major cause of liver-related death. ALD is a multifactorial disease triggered by the oxidative metabolism of alcohol which leads to the activation of multiple factors that promote the progression from steatosis to more advanced stages like alcohol-associated steatohepatitis (AH) that culminate in alcohol-associated cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Poor understanding of the complex heterogeneous pathology of ALD has limited drug development for this disease. Alterations in mitochondrial performance are considered a crucial event in paving the progression of ALD due to the crucial role of mitochondria in energy production, intermediate metabolism, calcium homeostasis, and cell fate decisions. Therefore, understanding the role of mitochondria in eliciting steatosis and progression toward AH may open the door to new opportunities for treatment. In this review, we will cover the physiological function of mitochondria, its contribution to ALD in experimental models and human disease, and explore whether targeting mitochondria may represent a game changer in the treatment of ALD.","PeriodicalId":21724,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in liver disease","volume":" ","pages":"180-194"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142353362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Current Concepts in Fluid Resuscitation and Vasopressor Use in Cirrhosis. 肝硬化患者液体复苏和血管加压药物应用的现状。

IF 4.3 3区医学

Seminars in liver disease Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1055/a-2515-2783

Madhumita Premkumar, Kamal Kajal, Pankaj Gupta, K Rajender Reddy

{"title":"Current Concepts in Fluid Resuscitation and Vasopressor Use in Cirrhosis.","authors":"Madhumita Premkumar, Kamal Kajal, Pankaj Gupta, K Rajender Reddy","doi":"10.1055/a-2515-2783","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2515-2783","url":null,"abstract":"Critically ill patients with cirrhosis and liver failure do not uncommonly have hypotension due to multifactorial reasons, which include a hyperdynamic state with increased cardiac index (CI), low systemic vascular resistance (SVR) due to portal hypertension, following the use of beta-blocker or diuretic therapy, and severe sepsis. These changes are mediated by microvascular alterations in the liver, systemic inflammation, activation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, and vasodilatation due to endothelial dysfunction. Haemodynamic assessment includes measuring inferior vena cava indices, cardiac output (CO), and SVR using point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS), arterial waveform analysis, pulmonary artery pressures, and lactate clearance to guide fluid resuscitation. Fluid responsiveness reflects the ability of fluid bolus to increase the CO and is assessed effectively by POCUS, passive leg raises manoeuvre, and dynamic tests such as pulse pressure and stroke volume variation in spontaneously breathing and mechanically ventilated patients. Albumin has pleiotropic benefits through anti-inflammatory properties besides its standard action on oncotic pressure and volume expansion in patients with cirrhosis but has the potential for precipitating pulmonary oedema. In conclusion, fluid therapy in critically ill patients with liver disease is a complex and dynamic process that requires individualized management protocols to optimize patient outcomes.","PeriodicalId":21724,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in liver disease","volume":" ","pages":"252-268"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142984055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Wilson Disease: Novel Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches. 威尔逊病：新的诊断和治疗方法。

IF 4.3 3区医学

Seminars in liver disease Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1055/a-2460-8999

Zoe Mariño, Michael L Schilsky

引用次数: 0

Patient-Reported Outcomes in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease. 代谢功能障碍相关性脂肪肝的患者报告结果

IF 4.3 3区医学

Seminars in liver disease Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-07 DOI: 10.1055/a-2435-2091

Aurora Barberá, Trenton M White, Anish K Arora, Linda Henry, Jeffrey V Lazarus, Zobair M Younossi

引用次数: 0

Advancements in MELD Score and Its Impact on Hepatology. MELD 评分的进展及其对肝病学的影响。

IF 4.3 3区医学

Seminars in liver disease Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1055/a-2464-9543

David Hudson, Francisco Javier Valentin Cortez, Ivonne Hurtado Díaz de León, Gurpreet Malhi, Angelica Rivas, Tamoor Afzaal, Mahsa Rahmany Rad, Luis Antonio Diaz, Mohammad Qasim Khan, Juan Pablo Arab

{"title":"Advancements in MELD Score and Its Impact on Hepatology.","authors":"David Hudson, Francisco Javier Valentin Cortez, Ivonne Hurtado Díaz de León, Gurpreet Malhi, Angelica Rivas, Tamoor Afzaal, Mahsa Rahmany Rad, Luis Antonio Diaz, Mohammad Qasim Khan, Juan Pablo Arab","doi":"10.1055/a-2464-9543","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2464-9543","url":null,"abstract":"There continues to be an ongoing need for fair and equitable organ allocation. The Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score has evolved as a calculated framework to evaluate and allocate patients for liver transplantation objectively. The original MELD score has undergone multiple modifications as it is continuously scrutinized for its accuracy in objectively representing the clinical context of patients with liver disease. Several refinements and iterations of the score have been developed, including the widely accepted MELD-Na score. In addition, the most recent updated iteration, MELD 3.0, has been created. The MELD 3.0 calculator incorporates new variables such as patient sex and serum albumin levels and assigns new weights for serum sodium, bilirubin, international normalized ratio, and creatinine levels. It is anticipated that the use of MELD 3.0 scores will reduce overall waitlist mortality and enhance access for female liver transplant candidates. However, despite the emergence of the MELD score as one of the most objective measures for fair organ allocation, various countries and healthcare systems employ alternative methods for stratification and organ allocation. This review article will highlight the origins of the MELD score, its iterations, the current MELD 3.0, and future directions for managing liver transplantation organ allocation.","PeriodicalId":21724,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in liver disease","volume":" ","pages":"236-251"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142625395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Diagnosis and Management of Early Stages of ALD. 早期ALD的诊断与治疗。

IF 4.3 3区医学

Seminars in liver disease Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-18 DOI: 10.1055/a-2541-2892

Jordi Gratacós-Ginès, Edilmar Alvarado-Tapias, David Martí-Aguado, Hugo López-Pelayo, Ramón Bataller, Elisa Pose

{"title":"Diagnosis and Management of Early Stages of ALD.","authors":"Jordi Gratacós-Ginès, Edilmar Alvarado-Tapias, David Martí-Aguado, Hugo López-Pelayo, Ramón Bataller, Elisa Pose","doi":"10.1055/a-2541-2892","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2541-2892","url":null,"abstract":"Early forms of alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) include different stages in the progression of compensated liver disease ranging from steatosis to steatohepatitis and fibrosis. ALD has been classically diagnosed at advanced stages more frequently than other liver diseases. This fact probably contributed to the scarcity of studies on early forms of ALD. Recent studies have investigated the prevalence of early ALD in the general population and have described the natural history of alcohol-induced steatosis and fibrosis, which have been linked to worse prognosis compared with early stages of other chronic liver diseases. In addition, studies on screening and early diagnosis of ALD in at-risk populations have shown that these strategies allow early detection and intervention. Of note, up to 28% of the United States population has concurrent alcohol use and metabolic syndrome, and estimated prevalence of advanced fibrosis among heavy drinkers with metabolic syndrome has increased from 3% in the 1990s to more than 10% in the 2010s. Therefore, new challenges and treatment opportunities will emerge for patients with ALD. In this review, we provide an overview of the state of the art in early ALD, focusing on natural history, diagnosis, and management, and provide insights into future perspectives.","PeriodicalId":21724,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in liver disease","volume":" ","pages":"195-209"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143450107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of Sex in the Development of Liver Diseases. 性别对肝脏疾病发展的影响。

IF 4.3 3区医学

Seminars in liver disease Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1055/a-2516-0261

Jie-Wen Zhang, Nan Zhang, Yi Lyu, Xu-Feng Zhang

{"title":"Influence of Sex in the Development of Liver Diseases.","authors":"Jie-Wen Zhang, Nan Zhang, Yi Lyu, Xu-Feng Zhang","doi":"10.1055/a-2516-0261","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2516-0261","url":null,"abstract":"The liver is a sexually dimorphic organ. Sex differences in prevalence, progression, prognosis, and treatment prevail in most liver diseases, and the mechanism of how liver diseases act differently among male versus female patients has not been fully elucidated. Biological sex differences in normal physiology and disease arise principally from sex hormones and/or sex chromosomes. Sex hormones contribute to the development and progression of most liver diseases, with estrogen- and androgen-mediated signaling pathways mechanistically involved. In addition, genetic factors in sex chromosomes have recently been found to contribute to the sex disparity of many liver diseases, which might explain, to some extent, the difference in gene expression pattern, immune response, and xenobiotic metabolism between men and women. Although increasing evidence suggests that sex is one of the most important modulators of disease prevalence and outcomes, at present, basic and clinical studies have long been sex unbalanced, with female subjects underestimated. As such, this review focuses on sex disparities of liver diseases and summarizes the current understanding of sex-specific mechanisms, including sex hormones, sex chromosomes, etc. We anticipate that understanding sex-specific pathogenesis will aid in promoting personalized therapies for liver disease among male versus female patients.","PeriodicalId":21724,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in liver disease","volume":" ","pages":"15-32"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142984359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Alcohol Plus Additional Risk Factors: Rodent Model of Liver Injury. 酒精加其他危险因素：啮齿动物肝损伤模型

IF 4.3 3区医学

Seminars in liver disease Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-24 DOI: 10.1055/a-2490-4278

Qixiang Wu, Dashuai Yang, Chixiang Liu, Tao Xu

{"title":"Alcohol Plus Additional Risk Factors: Rodent Model of Liver Injury.","authors":"Qixiang Wu, Dashuai Yang, Chixiang Liu, Tao Xu","doi":"10.1055/a-2490-4278","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2490-4278","url":null,"abstract":"Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD), primarily caused by chronic excessive alcohol consumption, is a leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. ALD includes alcohol-associated steatotic liver, alcohol-associated hepatitis (AH), fibrosis, cirrhosis, and can even progress to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Existing research indicates that the risk factors of ALD are quite numerous. In addition to drinking patterns, factors such as aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) deficiency, smoking, medication administration, high-fat diet (HFD), hepatitis virus infection, and disruption of circadian rhythms can also increase susceptibility to ALD. However, there is limited understanding regarding the exacerbation of liver injury by alcohol plus additional risk factors. This review presents rodent models of EtOH + \"X,\" which simulate the synergistic effects of alcohol and additional risk factors in causing liver injury. These models offer a further exploration of the interactions between alcohol and additional risk factors, advancing the simulation of human ALD and providing a more reliable platform for studying disease mechanisms and exploring therapeutic interventions. We summarize the modeling methods, relevant indicators of liver injury, and focus on the targets of the synergistic effects as well as the associated mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":21724,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in liver disease","volume":" ","pages":"81-98"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142885388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Alcohol-Metabolizing Enzymes, Liver Diseases and Cancer. 酒精代谢酶，肝脏疾病和癌症。

IF 4.3 3区医学

Seminars in liver disease Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-29 DOI: 10.1055/a-2551-3320

Tao Liu, FeiYu Zhang, Yue Feng, PanShiLi Han, YanHang Gao

{"title":"Alcohol-Metabolizing Enzymes, Liver Diseases and Cancer.","authors":"Tao Liu, FeiYu Zhang, Yue Feng, PanShiLi Han, YanHang Gao","doi":"10.1055/a-2551-3320","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2551-3320","url":null,"abstract":"Alcohol is generally believed to be metabolized in the liver by alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), and to a much lesser extent cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) and other enzymes. Recent studies suggest that gut also play important roles in the promotion of alcohol metabolism. ADH, ALDH, and CYP2E1 have several polymorphisms that markedly impact alcohol metabolism. These alcohol-metabolizing enzymes not only affect alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD), but may also modulate the pathogenesis of other liver diseases and cancer in the absence of alcohol consumption. In this review, we discuss alcohol metabolism and the roles of alcohol-metabolizing enzymes in the pathogenesis of ALD, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, metabolic dysfunction and alcohol-associated liver disease, viral hepatitis, and liver cancer. We also discuss how alcohol-metabolizing enzymes may affect endogenous ethanol production, and how ethanol metabolism in the gut affects liver disease and cancer. Directions for future research on the roles of alcohol-metabolizing enzymes in liver disease and cancer are also elaborated.","PeriodicalId":21724,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in liver disease","volume":" ","pages":"99-113"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12031026/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143743659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

LncRNAs, RNA Therapeutics, and Emerging Technologies in Liver Pathobiology. 肝脏病理生物学中的 LncRNA、RNA 治疗和新兴技术。

IF 4.3 3区医学

Seminars in liver disease Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-27 DOI: 10.1055/a-2490-1921

Abid A Anwar, Nidhi Jalan-Sakrikar, Robert C Huebert

{"title":"LncRNAs, RNA Therapeutics, and Emerging Technologies in Liver Pathobiology.","authors":"Abid A Anwar, Nidhi Jalan-Sakrikar, Robert C Huebert","doi":"10.1055/a-2490-1921","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2490-1921","url":null,"abstract":"The field of ribonucleic acid (RNA) biology has revealed an array of noncoding RNA species, particularly long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), which play crucial roles in liver disease pathogenesis. This review explores the diverse functions of lncRNAs in liver pathology, including metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease, hepatocellular carcinoma, alcohol-related liver disease, and cholangiopathies such as primary sclerosing cholangitis and cholangiocarcinoma. We highlight key lncRNAs that regulate lipid metabolism, inflammation, fibrosis, and oncogenesis in the liver, demonstrating their diagnostic and therapeutic potential. Emerging RNA-based therapies, such as mRNA therapy, RNA interference, and antisense oligonucleotides, offer approaches to modulate lncRNA activity and address liver disease at a molecular level. Advances in sequencing technologies and bioinformatics pipelines are simultaneously enabling the identification and functional characterization of novel lncRNAs, driving innovation in personalized medicine. In conclusion, this review highlights the potential of lncRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in liver disease and emphasizes the need for further research into their regulatory mechanisms and clinical applications.","PeriodicalId":21724,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in liver disease","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142740448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0